Supervisory Systems

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Supervisory Systems

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What’s a supervisory system?

A supervisory system is used to control a complex implants, where different devices are installed in the same implants. The data acquired are huge and are downloaded in real time. After that their management, interpretation and presentation are necessary and mandatory for a tipical Building Management System. In fact all the decisions about data, information, alarms and so on, must be taken automatically without the help of a person.

• Acquire the temperature and humidity values, pressure probes, etc.• Modify the set point values for every controller;• Acquire all the units events;• Acquire all the alarms of each unit, with the alarm description, time and date;• Sends a remote signalling to one or more users, in a different manners according the preferred method, for example using faxes, sms, e-mail, prints, etc.

Which are the requests made to a BMS?

Introduction

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Differences between Monitoring, Telemanagement and Supervisory?

MONITORING:

It is a software program created to maintain monitored a group of values and parameters, for example the statuses of the units which are relevant for the system correct functioning. In this way it is only possible to verify the present status of the monitored system: it is not possible to interfere through the software to modify or manually override any value.

TELEMANAGEMENT:

It is an element that permits to have a better costs and time management is the possibility to access in a remote way to the monitored system. From the control center it is possible to set the regulating parameters and to manage the implants for example setting the functioning hours, set point, alarms threeshold.

SUPERVISORY SYSTEM:

In more complex control systems, it is possible to set more detailed and advanced functions. In this way according to what’s happening, the system will take decisions to assure a correct functioning, theproblem solving and the costs management.Thse systems can be defined “intelligent” because they are programmed to manage a huge number of combinations of data and variations.

Introduction

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The standard transmission and the protocol

A supervisory system can be though as composed of two main families:

i. What is defined as “STANDARD TRANSMISSION”

ii. The “COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL”

Tipically only the protocol is considered, but often it is not sufficient!!

The standard transmission can be defined as the route the signal uses to flow

The commucation protocol is the language the system speaks, and the rules that must be

respected to have a correct information transmission

Introduction

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“STANDARD TRANSMISSION”

The transmission can happen on a lot of types of channels. The more used are:

RS 485

It is a phisic level specification of a serial 2 wires connection, half duplex. The signal is specified on a differential mode. In this way the difference of voltage between the 2 wires, represents the transmitted information.

One polarity indicates to level n. 1, the inversal, the level n. 0. The minimum difference must be at least 0.2 V to be valid, but every voltage between +12 and –7 volt permits the correct transmission.

The EIA RS485 only describes the electrical specifics, no protocol is recommended. And it’s for this reason that a lot of languages use this kind of phisical transmission.


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Here an example of how the information is sent and transmitted through the RS485 line.The signal is only a sequence of differences between cable 1 and 2.

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RS232

It is another standard that defines a serial interface with two wires, at low speed for the data exchange bwtweendigital devices.So connecting two units with RS 232 connectors, it is possible to have their communication.

It’s old and no more usedThe distances I reach are not like RS485 ones


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Ethernet cable

An ethernet cross cable, or crossover is a type of cable used to connect different computers together (instead using Router, hub, switch). For example, to connect two computers I only need a cross cable and the ethernet adaptors installed on the computers.

The reasons of the success:

• It is a cheap technology and easy to use; • It works very well and creates very few problems; • It can be used with TCP/IP; • It is not so fast, but his diffusion is in coninuous growth


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“THE COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL”

1° case : Control and BMS speak the same language:

1. A translating gateway is not necessary2. Very few needed configuration settings3. Quite no limitations

Example: control: pCO1 – protocol: Modbus


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2° case: Control and BMS speak different languages:

1. A gateway is needed to translate the Carel variable in another language (modbus for example of the control isn’t pCO1)

2. The needed configuration will have to consider the gateway (address, baud rate, etc)3. Strong limitations on the quantitites of connected units

Example: control: pCO1 – protocol: BACnet



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Proprietary Uniflair protocol



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NETVISOR is the Supervisory system produced from Uniflair. Through NETVISOR it’s possible to monitor the Uniflair units (air conditioners and chiller) using the characteristics of the microprocessors of the controllers. These controllers are ready to be connected to a RS485 net, through that, they can transfer signals and information based on the proprietaty Uniflair protocol.

Uniflair protocol - NETVISOR

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• Proprietary protocol

The control and the BMS speak the same language

• Communication: Master/Slave (no multimaster)

Master: PC with NetVisor. Slaves: all the controllers that are connected

• The used net is RS485 con bus half duplex

As first the Master makes the request, and after the Slave answers

• Integrated in all Uniflair devices

All the controllers, old and new, can be connected to Netvisor

• Up to 200 devices, addressable in the net

200 for every line 6 lines as total

• Configurable Baud rate

RS485 line with baud rate 19200

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• Visualisation of all the operative parameters

Temperatures, pressures, working hours, etc.

• Main parameters modify

Set point, threeshold, various configurations

• Remote ON/OFF

It is possible to swithc on/off the unit with a simple click

• The reports are sent based on the time, and the data can contain values as temperature and humidity

Configurable reports (alarms, events)

• It is possible to print the events reports

Printing, sending faxes, using excel

• It is possible to have graphs of a lot of variables

These variable are configurable, without any limit

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• The alarms are sent and stored

• The alarms can be resetted (if possible)

• The events can be transmitted in different ways

GSM modem for SMS

Fax

E-mail

Printing

• WEB-SERVER function

It means that I can see the local computer can be seen remotely

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Netvisor can be installed in 2 connection modes

1. Local supervision with computer

2. Remote monitoring

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PC installed locally:

- UNIFLAIR NETVISOR configured for the local supervision;- USB dongle;

- Internet browser Explorer 5.0 (or later);-One of the following :Microsoft Windows 98

Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 (Workstation) Windows 2000 Professional

Windows XPSerial converter RS232/RS485 or USB RS485 converter

Serial cable RS232 to connect the pc to the converter RS232/RS485 RS485 card in every unit

Cable for the serial line: AWG24, twisted cable, double couple, with shield 120 Ω final resistor

What is needed:

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Complete list – supervisory components

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Other protocols, other languages

The Uniflair controllers are fully compatible with a lot of existing protocols:

The main protocols are:

Modbus RTU BACnet LON Metasys Trend SNMP (TCP/IP)

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Modbus RTUModbus is a communication protocol very famous and used all over the world. It’s quite easy and not so structured.

• It has been developped at the end of ’70 from Modicom

• The communication is multidrop, with Master and Slaves

• It is not used only with industrial application

• Serial communication: RS232 or RS485 half duplex

• Protocol type: Modbus RTU (1 byte = 2 exadecimal words) and Modbus ASCII (1 byte = 2 ASCII

words).

• Configurable Baud rate (max 19200)

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Modbus RTU

1° Case: All the units are fitted with all types of controller (old and new)

The units, all fitted with the serial card, are connected:• each unit with the RS485 cable;• last unit with the final resistor;• first unit with the Gateway.

To realize a local net to be connected to a BMS working with Modbus, it’s necessary:• 1 gateway LBM every 16 units;• 1 serial card RS485 for every controller;• 1 terminal line (120 Ω);• PC for the gateway configuration.

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Modbus RTU

2° Case: Unites fitted with pCO1, upCOxs

To realize a local net to be connected to a BMS working with Modbus, it’s necessary:• 1 RS485 serial card for every controller;• 1 terminal line (120 Ω);• PC for the gateway configuration.

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LON (local operating network)

It’s a technology coming from Echelon Coroporation, Palo Alto, California

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LON - Glossary

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LON

All the units must be fitted with a serial card which uses a transceiver Echelon FTT-10. It permits the interconnection with

a phisical channel TP/FT-10.

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BACnet (Building Automation and control Networks)

All the units must be fitted with a RS485 card, trough that they are connected to the RS485 serial cable. On one side there will be the 120 ohm resistor, on the other, the gateway which will translate the variables from Uniflair language, to LON language.

To realize a local net to be connected to a BMS with protocol BACnet, it’s necessary:

• n°1 gateway LBM every 8 units; (not necessary with pCOnet - pCOWeb)

• n°1 RS485 serial card for every controller;• n°1 120Ω resistor;

• PC for the gateway configuration

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BACnetBACnet is a supervisory system created from AHRAE:“American society of Heating, refrigerating and Air conditioning Engineers”

These are the ways how the information under BACnet can be sent to Uniflair controllers:

BACnet IP/Ethernet

pCOnet: connessione RS485

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BACnet

Gateway

Carel : 1. Protocol Carel2. Connection RS485 or RS4223. Max 8 units4. No software modification needed

BACnet :1. BACnet PTP2. Connection RS232

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The control board used in the Uniflair units permit their connection into systems working with software based on Metasys protocol. All the units are fitted with RS485 serial cards, and their installation is managed from Johnson Controls, who will also supply the variables lists, necessary for the correct configurations.

Metasys

To realize a local net to be connected to a BMS working with Metasys, it’s necessary:• 1 RS485 serial card for every control;

• Installation managed from Johnson Controls

Metasys Integrator (by Johnson Control)

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Trend

pCO3, pCO2, pCO1, pCOxs e pCOc are compatible with Trend using a serial interfacing card, who will translate the variables from Carel to Trend language.

Trend manages the configuration and the providing of the Trend cards

The card must be configured using the Trend tools, according the applicative files

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Trend

The connection takes place using the Trend serial card (it must be configured), one card on each unit, that will be connected directly to the net.

Necessary materials:

• 1 configured card, according the controller installed software (you must contact TREND CONTROLS)

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SNMP – TCP/IP

Simple Network Management Protocol

Ethernet

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SNMP – TCP/IP

Web-Gate

Net Switch

Ethernet

Ethernet10BaseT

Net Switch

pCO-WEB

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The units, all equipped with an apposite RS485 card, are connected with each other using a serial cable RS485. The last unit is connected to the resistor, the first unit is connected to the Webgate, which is the interface to the ethernet company line, where there is the supervisory software (SNMP manager).

SNMP – TCP/IP

Necessary Material:

• 1 webgate every 16 units

• 1 RS485 serial card for every control;

• 1 resistor (120 Ω).

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SNMP – TCP/IP

pCOWeb is a device that permits to connect the units directly to the Ethernet line.This card can be used only on the new units, like Leonardo Evolution or Amico with pCO1.

pCOWeb transform the unit in a computer, with its IP number.

INSTALLATION

The operations to follow are the following:

• realize the RS485 net;• configure each unit (address and speed and protocol);• configure and install the Webgate; avoid connecting the Webgate to the ethernet net. Before having set correctly the IP address;• configure the supervisory software according to the MIB table (list of available variables and addresses).

Supervisory Systems

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Transcript of Supervisory Systems