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GrowersunflowerThe official publication of the National Sunflower Association of Canada, Inc.

Winter 2011-2012

Canada Post Publications Agreement Number: 40609661

NSAC Focuses onResearch and Innovation

Canadian Sunflower Grower www.canadasunflower.com2

c ntents

MessAGe 5 Message from the NSAC Executive Director, Darcelle Graham

feAtures 6 2011 Post-Registration Trials

9 Sunflower Market Outlook

focus on reseArcH11 Not Your Typical Planting Operation

13 What’s Feeding on Your Sunflowers?

nsAc In-DePtH16 The 2012 Manitoba Special Crops Symposium

17 NSAC Board Meetings - Summary of Minutes

19 Manitoba Special Crops Production Day

20 The Sunflower Cash Advance Program

18 Buyer’s Guide

13115Winter 2011-2012 Published For: The National Sunflower Association of Canada Box 1269 Carman, MB R0G 0J0 Tel: (204) 745-6776 Email: [email protected]

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©2011-2012 Matrix Group Publishing Inc. All rights reserved. Contents may not be reproduced by any means, in whole or in part, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The opinions expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of Matrix Group Publishing Inc. Printed in Canada.



The 2011 growing season, although a challenge in the beginning, proved to be ideal conditions for sunflowers with a hot, dry summer. The wet spring and flooding conditions in the southwest part of the province dramatically decreased acres in the province. A total of 35,702 acres were planted in 2011—15,304 oilseed and 19,768 confections—a drop of 100,000 from 2010. Although we saw an extreme decrease in acres this past year, the National Sunflower Association of Canada (NSAC) continues to move forward in full force with research and policy activities to work towards a sustainable sunflower industry in Canada.

The summer, while slower with meetings, was rather busy with hosting our first sunflower industry roundtable to discuss the future of the sunflower industry and the role that the NSAC and industry need to play in order to increase sunflower acreage in Manitoba. Several summer tours were held in Manitoba over the course of the growing season showcasing our post-registration trials and various grower production practices that have proven to be effective in producing quality sunflowers. Once again, another successful season of the Surveillance Survey wrapped up in mid-September providing growers and industry an update on crop staging and health over the course of the summer.

As fall approached, the office fielded a number of calls from concerned sunflower producers affected by the predation of blackbirds. The NSAC has lobbied both Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives (MAFRI) and Manitoba Agricultural Services Corporation (MASC) since 2008 to develop a compensation program for our growers with none forthcoming to date. Over the course of the year, the NSAC has held various meetings with both provincial and federal policy divisions to discuss solutions. Federal representatives indicated that a mitigation plan would be necessary should we request coverage under the Wildlife Damage Compensation Package, which has been developed and circulated for review. NSAC met with Provincial Agriculture Minister Stan Struthers on November 14 to further discuss this evolving problem. Minister Struthers and his team were presented with a

document outlining the problem and the lobbying strategies of the NSAC over the last five years. The Minister will be meeting with MASC to discuss the options available to sunflower producers and will consult with the NSAC following that meeting.

As the NSAC continues to evolve as a commodity group, our annual planning sessions prove to be an ideal format to engage directors to develop a vision for the association over the next three to five years. Last year’s session incorporated a new format that allowed NSAC to develop short, mid and long term goals. In the past 11 months, the NSAC has come a long way in engaging our industry, and touching both producers and industry representatives. This year’s session will take on a similar format in reviewing the current challenges and threats that the industry faces, and how NSAC can address these challenges to improve the industry as a whole.

As I wrap this winter edition of our magazine, I encourage all sunflower growers to take part in one of our winter grower meetings; the Manitoba Special Crops Symposium in February or the Manitoba Special Crops Production Day in March. We look forward to seeing you this winter. Cheers! ●

Message from the nsAc executive Director, Darcelle Graham

Two NSAC Directors honoured with Life Membership Awards

As outlined in our NSAC constitution, the Board of Directors may induct as an honorary life member of the Corporation any person who has rendered meritorious service to the sunflower crop industry in Canada.

On October 26, the NSAC honoured both Dean Fraser and Luc Remillard, two of our current directors with an honorary life membership for their dedication to the Board of Directors of the NSAC and sunflower industry of Canada. Both Dean and Luc have been part of the NSAC since inception and have seen the organization through its highs and lows. As dedicated directors, these two individuals have held various executive positions over the years and currently sit as producer directors. The staff and Board of Directors would like to thank both Dean and Luc for their countless hours dedicated to the association and sun-flower industry of Canada.

Dean Fraser; Kelly Dobson, NSAC President.

Luc Remillard; Kelly Dobson, NSAC President.


SUNFLOWERS - Non-Oil TypeVariety Descriptions Disease Resistance to:

Company

HybridsHerbType DMR

%Nutmeat1

Yield(lbs/acre)

HarvestMoisture (%)

Days toBloom

Days toMaturity

Height(inches)

% over20/64 inch Rust1

VerticilliumWilt

Downy2Mildew

Seeds 2000 6946 - N 58 2563 8.5 78 125 81 55 HS MR SSeeds 2000 6946 DMR - Y 56 2711 8.4 78 124 82 48 S MR RSeeds 2000 6950 - N 54 2675 8.8 80 128 85 51 HS MR SSYNGENTA Seed IS 8135 - N 45 2718 9.2 77 124 87 79 HS MS SSeeds 2000 Jaguar CL N 48 2456 8.8 78 127 83 68 HS MR SSeeds 2000 Panther DMR - Y 48 2528 9.1 76 124 81 56 S MS RDow AgroSciences 8C451 - N 48 2934 8.8 82 128 90 79 HS MS SExperimental lines are being tested/proposed for registration in Canada SYNGENTA Seed F39018 - N 52 2230 9.4 78 128 88 42 HS MR SCHS Sunflower RH400 CL CL N 44 2848 9.5 79 125 86 66 HS MS SSeeds 2000 Sundance DMR - Y 48 2731 10.0 80 125 88 29 HS MR MRSeeds 2000 X3213 DMR - Y 51 - HS MS RSeeds 2000 X5913 DMR - Y 52 - HS MS RSeeds 2000 X9180 EX DMR ExSun Y 52 - HS MS MROverall Average (lbs/acre) 50 2639 9.1 78 126 85 57 Site Year 1 2 2 2 2 2 1

SUNFLOWERS - Oil Type Variety Descriptions Disease Resistance to:

Company

HybridsHerbType

DMR

Oil Type

Yield(lbs/acre)

Harvest Moisture (%)

Days toBloom

Days toMaturity

Height (inches)

%Oil

Rust1

Verticillium Wilt

Downey2Mildew

SYNGENTA Seed IS 3480 CL NS CL Y 2367 9.8 87 134 61 41.7 HS MR RPioneer Hi-Bred 63N82 NS ExSun N 2139 10.1 83 135 57 42.0 HS MR SSeeds 2000 Defender Plus DMR NS - Y 2357 9.1 82 129 54 38.7 HS MR RExperimental lines are being tested/proposed for registration in Canada Elite Seeds Balistic Trad CL Y 2366 11.6 85 134 65 36.9 HS MR RElite Seeds Biba Trad - Y 2392 10.5 85 133 61 40.1 HS MR MRSeeds 2000 Cobalt HO CL Y 2543 10.0 88 133 69 40.7 HS MR RElite Seeds Ethic Trad - N 2153 11.4 87 134 55 40.0 HS MR SSeeds 2000 Falcon NS ExSun N 2272 9.3 82 133 59 42.1 HS MR SPioneer Hi-Bred P63ME70 NS ExSun Y 2825 10.2 84 133 60 41.0 HS MR MRPioneer Hi-Bred P63ME80 NS ExSun Y 2070 9.7 87 135 65 38.5 R MR RElite Seeds Pomar Trad - Y 2394 11.1 83 131 52 38.4 HS MR MROverall Average (lbs/ac) 2353 10.2 85 133 60 40 Site Years 2 2 2 2 2 2

Comments1. All sunflower varieties currently available are susceptible to sclerotinia rot. Weather conditions and presence of sclerotinia inoculum play a major role in disease development and severity.

2. % Nutmeat measurement taken from samples harvested at Morden location trials. One year, one location only data.

3. Average height and maturity dervied from data collected in the MCVET Sunflower trials in 2009-2011 and the MSC trials. Data from all sites accepted for yield.

4. Reaction indicated is to Races 2, 3, and 4 under controlled indoor conditions.

5. Reaction indicated is to Race 2.

The Manitoba Sunflower Post-Registration Variety testing is organized and conducted by the National Sunflower Asso-ciation of Canada (NSAC) in co-ordination with the Manito-ba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives. This was the fifth year the NSAC has co-ordinated the trials, which continue to serve as an important tool providing sunflower growers with regional third-party performance data of various variet-ies. The hybrids tested in the trials are actively being pursued by sunflower breeding companies in Manitoba and may be in the experimental stage or registered under the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.

In 2011, the NSAC coordinated the Manitoba Sunflower Post-Registration Variety Trials in five locations across the province: Morden, Souris, Graysville, Elm Creek and Melita.

Unfortunately, growing conditions were abnormal in terms of above average rainfall early in the season and heat accumula-tion later in the season. Due to these conditions, three of the five trials sites were lost, leaving only the Morden and Souris sites to be harvested.

These trials and results are made possible with your continued support through the sunflower check-off levy. The NSAC appreciates the hard work of the MAFRI Oilseed specialist, Anastasia Kubinec, who created the plot plans and compiled the data for the trials. As well, a big thank-you to Keystone Grain Ltd. for sizing the seed samples, and to the North Dakota Grain Inspection Services for analyzing the oil data. In addition, we appreciate the hard work of all the con-tractors who plant, monitor and harvest the plots.

2011 Post-Registration Trialsfeature


MINTO: 2011 OIL SUNFLOWERS Hybrids

Yield(lbs/acre)


Days toBloom

Days toMaturity

Height (inches)

Oil Content

IS 3480 CL 2478 12.8 84 123 60 39.963N82 - 13.4 81 124 53 41.3Defender Plus DMR 2569 11.9 79 117 54 37.1Experimental lines are being tested/proposed for registration in Canada Balistic 2655 16.1 82 124 68 35.0Biba 2766 13.9 81 122 63 39.0Cobalt 2786 13.3 85 122 70 39.1Ethic 2190 15.9 84 124 54 37.8Falcon 2369 12.6 81 123 57 40.6P63ME70 2550 13.7 81 121 59 40.5P63ME80 1895 12.5 85 125 63 36.0Pomar 2703 15.0 81 120 45 35.2GRAND MEAN 2387 13.7 82 122 59 38.3CV% 14.5 LSD (lbs/acre) 606 Sign Diff Yes

MINTO: 2011 CONFECTION SUNFLOWERS

HybridsYield

(lbs/acre)Harvest

Moisture (%)Days toBloom

Days toMaturity

Height (inches)

Seed Sizing22/64 20/64 Medium

6946 2214 9.9 79 116 62 26 22 306946 DMR 2312 9.4 80 118 63 17 20 376950 2331 10.6 81 120 68 21 25 39IS 8135 2364 11.5 76 116 68 50 25 13Jaguar 2198 10.7 78 118 65 31 29 23Panther DMR 2372 10.9 75 119 60 30 31 238C451 1997 11.1 83 121 68 33 33 20Experimental lines are being tested/proposed for registration in CanadaF39018 2041 11.9 81 123 69 17 19 44RH400 CL 2587 11.3 80 121 64 21 28 33Sundance DMR 2408 12.6 80 121 68 6 20 54Grand Mean 2231 11 79 120 66 25 25 31CV% 11.6 LSD (lbs/acre) 394.0 Sign Diff Yes

MORDEN: 2011 CONFECTION SUNFLOWERS

HybridsYield

(lbs/acre)Harvest

Moisture (%)Days toBloom

Days toMaturity

Height (inches)

Seed Sizing22/64 20/64 Medium

6946 3530 7.1 77 134 68 25 38 346946 DMR 3763 7.5 76 129 68 31 28 386950 3665 7.1 79 135 68 25 32 39IS 8135 3727 6.8 77 132 70 59 25 13Jaguar 3306 6.8 77 136 68 41 35 21Panther DMR 3293 7.4 77 129 69 22 31 448C451 4578 6.6 80 134 75 79 15 6Experimental lines are being tested/proposed for registration in Canada F39018 2956 7.0 74 132 71 15 34 47RH400 CL 3795 7.8 77 129 73 49 33 17Sundance DMR 3712 7.4 80 129 73 10 21 64X3213 DMR 3622 7.3 80 136 71 10 21 67X5913 DMR 4088 7.2 75 131 69 10 20 62X9180 EX DMR 3870 7.3 77 135 71 16 19 52Grand Mean 3673 7.2 77.0 132.4 71 30 27 39CV% 11.8 LSD (lbs/acre) - Sign Diff No

MORDEN: OIL SUNFLOWERS Hybrids

Yield(lbs/acre)


Days toBloom

Days toMaturity

Height (inches)

Oil Content

IS 3480 CL 2257 6.8 90 144 61 43.463N82 2139 6.8 84 146 61 42.6Defender Plus DMR 2144 6.4 84 141 55 40.2Experimental lines are being tested/proposed for registration in Canada Balistic 2076 7.1 87 143 63 38.8Biba 2018 7.0 89 144 59 41.1Cobalt 2300 6.7 90 144 68 42.2Ethic 2116 6.9 90 144 56 42.1Falcon 2175 5.9 83 143 62 43.5P63ME70 3099 6.8 87 144 61 41.5P63ME80 2246 6.9 89 145 68 40.9Pomar 2084 7.2 84 142 60 41.5GRAND MEAN 2241 6.8 87 144 61 41.6CV% 9.6 LSD (lbs/acre) 312 Sign Diff Yes


Disease Reactions of the Manitoba Sunflower McVET Trial 2011Mean Rust Indexe Verticilliumv % Resistancer % Survivor Head Rot

Race 336 Race 4Wilt Index Nursery

Downy Mildew SclerotiniaWith

Inoculumh Disease IndextHybrids Score Class Score Class Race 2 Race 3 Race 4Oil TypeDefender Plus 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.5 100 83 83 5.2 2.2X9822-DMR 5.0 HS 3.0 MS 2.2 100 100 100 5.7 1.2Falcon-EX 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.1 13 13 21 6 1.43480 NS CL DM* 3.0 MS 5.0 HS 3.3 88 75 100 28.6 1.8

P63ME80 1.0 R 1.0 R 2.8 100 100 100 3.1 1.563N82 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 2.6 0 9 0 1.2 1.6P63ME70 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 2.8 92 87 65 3.3 1.3Ethic 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 2.5 13 21 33 5.8 1.6Pomar* 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 2.1 96 63 54 5.9 1.7Balistic 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.0 88 88 88 2.8 1.2Biba 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 2.3 67 67 83 2.5 1.6Non-Oil Type6946 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.0 0 4 4 1.5 1.66946 DMR 5.0 HS 4.0 S 3.1 92 23 54 6.8 2.36950 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 2.9 4 5 25 2.4 2.6X3207-DMR 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 2.9 75 65 58 9.8 1.9Jaguar 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 2.6 0 32 5 3.7 1.7Panther DMR 5.0 HS 3.0 MS 3.9 100 60 79 3.3 2.2F39018* 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 2.5 0 8 0 2.5 3.88135* 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.7 4 8 0 40.6 1.5RH400 CL 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.2 0 0 5 6.3 2.58C451 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.5 5 13 13 1.9 2.9X2212 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.3 0 0 8 4.2 2.2X5913-DMR 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.6 100 96 100 4.5 2.4X3213 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.6 94 100 94 6.9 2.3X9180 EX -DMR 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.1 71 79 83 5 2.4

X2213 5.0 HS 5.0 HS 3.5 0 5 4 2.9 2.3

* - These hybrids had treated seed.

e - Reaction to rust races 336 and 4 under growth room controlled conditions.

• Disease index 1-5 based on % leaf area infected; 0-1=highly resistant (0-5%); 2=moderately resistant (5-10%);

• 3=moderately susceptible (10-30%); 4=susceptible (30-50%); and 5=susceptible (>50%);

• MR=Resistant to Race 2, Susceptible to Race 3; S & HS=Susceptible to both races.

v - Field reaction to Verticillium wilt in naturally infested soil. Indices of 1 (healthy), 2 (mild), 3 (moderate), 4 (severe), and 5 (dead) were assigned; the mean disease index was obtained

by multiplying the number of plants in each class by the corresponding index, and the total divided by the total number of plants.

r - Reaction to downy mildew races 2, 3 and 4 under controlled conditions in growth rooms; note that most of the hybrids had treated seed.

h - Field reaction to early Sclerotinia infection using artificial inoculum at Morden, as a percent of the control; note that most hybrids had treated seed.

t - Field reaction to artificial inoculation using sclerotinia infected ground millet twice (August 4, 2011 and August 16, 2011). Disease index scale 1-10 (1=healthy; 10=100% Head Rot).

Blooming AlbertaSunflower acreage is on the rise in Alberta. Approximately 4,000

acres of sunflowers were grown in Alberta this past season, concentrat-ed within a triangle spanning from Brooks, to Lethbridge and Medicine Hat.

This past summer, Claire Kincaid, NSAC Agronomist, had the opportunity to make two visits to Alberta throughout the growing season to meet with producers and tour the crop. The tours, as orga-nized by Frito Lay and Seeds 2000, toured contract seed growers fields’ which provided us the opportunity to witness different production practices—strip till, flood irrigation and a variety comparison trial.

Production challenges are different in Alberta than Manitoba. Sun-flower disease incidence is lower in Alberta; however weed control

is an ongoing battle due to restrictions surrounding commercial seed production. Almost all of the acres are under irrigation, mostly pivot. Fields are irrigated following the application of a pre-plant herbicide or pre-emergent herbicide to ensure activation, and then again following planting to ensure quick germination. Throughout the remainder of the growing season the fields are watered to maintain soil moisture levels in the top two feet of soil. Since 2001, average sunflower yields in Alberta are 1,600 lb/ac.

The NSAC would like to thank Frito Lay and Seeds 2000 for the opportunity to join the AB leg of the tour.


feature

Canadian Sunflower Production declines 78 percent!

The main reason for this year’s sharp decline in produc-tion was a dramatic drop in seeded area. Canadian sunflower seeded acreage decreased 81.5 percent in 2011-12; down from 135,000 acres in 2010-11 to 25,000 acres in 2011-12 according to Statistics Canada’s September Estimates of Pro-duction of Principal Field Crops.

As illustrated on the chart below, Canadian sunflower production has eroded ten-fold over the past five years; from 157,300 tonnes in 2006-07 to a mere 15,100 tonnes in 2011-12.

The majority of the Canadian sunflower crop is grown in Manitoba, where excessively wet growing conditions have become all too frequent in recent years. A high incidence of disease has cut into yields, quality and profitability of this valuable crop.

As a result, Manitoba farmers have turned to other crops, such as soybeans, which have a better tolerance to wet soil conditions. The area seeded to soybeans in Manitoba has increased nearly five-fold since 2005, with 110,000 acres seeded in 2005-06, and climbing to 520,000 acres in 2010-11 and 510,000 acres in 2011-12.

Sunflowers weren’t the only crop Manitoba farmers cut back on this year. Manitoba was the only province that bucked the trend to increasing canola acres in 2011-12. While the area seeded to canola in Alberta increased by 10.8 percent and acreage in Saskatchewan went up 11.8 percent, canola acres in Manitoba dropped 17.5 percent.

Farmers in the United States also cut back on the number

of acres that went into sunflowers. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, in their crop production report released in October 2011, U.S. farmers intend to har-vest 21.4 percent fewer sunflower acres this year. American farmers harvested 1,873,800 acres of sunflowers in 2010-11 and USDA is estimating 1,473,000 acres in 2011-12. If real-ized, this will be the lowest harvested area in the U.S. since 1976.

North Dakota produces the most sunflowers in the U.S. with 561,000 acres intended to be harvested in 2011-12. In comparison, this is 35 percent less than the 862,000 acres harvested in 2010-11.

South Dakota has the second largest sunflower area, with an estimated 470,000 harvested acres in 2011-12. This is a 5 per-cent reduction from the 495,000 acres harvested in 2010-11.

The combined harvested area for all types of sunflowers in the United States and Canada is a significant decrease of 502,800 acres and should lend underlying support to sun-flower prices in 2011-12.Continued on page 10.

Sunflower Market OutlookBy David Drozd, Senior Market Analyst, Ag-Chieve Corporation

Ag-Chieve Grain Marketing Advisory Service.Ag-Chieve has been helping Western Canadian farmers

sell their crops for more since 2002. Founded by former grain farmer and commodities broker, David Drozd, Ag-Chieve uses technical analysis to forecast markets and advise its clients when action is required by fax, email, web, text message, automated voice calls, and PC and mobile communications. Ag-Chieve also offers toll free access to an experienced and knowledgeable staff of mar-keting advisors Monday through Friday from 8:00 am until 5:30 pm CT.

Ag-Chieve recently launched a monthly Special Crops Report illustrating price charts of the latest cash prices and trends in oil and non-oil sunflowers, flax, green and yellow peas, laird and red lentils, and canary seed. This informa-tive new report includes easily viewed graphs on funda-mental analysis depicting acreage, production, export pace, stocks and stocks to usage ratios with a focus on domestic and global markets.

Readers of The Canadian Sunflower Grower can call (888) 274-3138 or email [email protected] for a complimentary copy of Ag-Chieve’s Special Crops Report, or a free no-obligation trial of our grain marketing advisory services. Use the promo code, “sunflowers”, when calling or email-ing to request a free trail.


Total U.S. sunflower production is down 23.6 percent this year with USDA estimating 2011-12 production to be 2.091 billion pounds, compared to 2.736 billion pounds in 2010-11.

Although sunflower production is down on both sides of the border and stocks to usage ratios are tight, it’s a com-pletely different scenario across the pond. USDA is estimat-ing world sunflower seed production to increase 12 percent to a record 35 million metric tonnes, due to a record area harvested in Russia and Ukraine.

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada indicated in their October 17, 2011 Pulse and Special Crops Outlook that record world sunflower seed production could limit the upside potential for North American sunflower prices.

World vegetable oil prices are softening and this is also weighing on oil sunflower prices, which is causing them to give up their premium to the non-oil types. Oils have slipped to 35 cents per pound, from a high of 42 cents per pound in June 2011.

Confectionary sunflower prices are down to 32 cents per pound, after reaching a high of 35 cents per pound earlier this year. The price of confects has held up better because they didn’t appreciate in value as much as the oils did.

Tight supplies will keep a floor under North American sunflower prices, especially for the non-oil types, which are in tighter supply. However, uncertainty surrounding the unstable global economies, declining vegetable oil prices, a strong U.S. dollar, and a record sunflower crop in the world are expected to limit the upside potential. ●

David Drozd is President and Senior Market Analyst for Winnipeg based Ag-Chieve Corporation, a grain marketing advisory firm representing hundreds of Western Canadian farmers. The information contained herein is deemed to be from sources that are reliable, but its accuracy cannot be guar-anteed. For information about grain marketing courses and other educational tools call Ag-Chieve at (888) 274-3138 or visit www.ag-chieve.ca.


focus on research

QWhat was your previous production system?

Originally, we would bale all the straw off our irrigated fields and then have them custom seeded with a White planter equipped with residue manag-ers (RMs). This worked well but then I wanted to keep all of the residue on the land which posed some significant chal-lenges, particularly after 80 to 100 bush-el wheat and 60+ bushel canola. The mat of chopped material after harvest was too thick for the RMs to handle and a Barton type no-till seeder did not work. We tried more of a spreading action by the chopper and cutting higher. This helped a lot but not everywhere in the field, such as lodged areas. We then started using our JD 7200 planter with the RMs set to do a light tillage ahead of the planter units. With this system we had fairly good results, but only in years with warm dry springs.

QWhat effects were you noticing in colder years?

I noticed that where the straw was thin-ner, or where the RMs had scraped a little deeper through a ridge, that both crops (corn and sunflower) were sig-nificantly advanced. In corn, there were four green leaves rather than two yellow leaves.

QWhat did you do to manage the straw better and alleviate

the problems caused in cold wet springs? I bought another JD7000 planter, removed the planting units and put on

Yetter Maverick strip-till units. I couldn’t decide whether to make it a single-pass planting unit or a two-pass unit, so I made a hitch for the air tank to fit either behind the planter (for one pass) and a hitch for the strip-till unit.

QWhich system worked best?

The biggest problem with one-pass was that the soil was too moist to do a good planting job: the soil built up on all the depth wheels, the closing wheels and the unit drive wheels. It required a big headland for turning and I had to make a temporary air ‘bleeder’ about 14” above

the fertilizer boot because I had trouble trying to get the main fertilizer applica-tion through 8 x 1” hoses (one for each row). The problem with the two-pass system was that there are two passes, and the Autosteer system, even with a Baseline set-up, was nowhere near as accurate as claimed; it was almost useless for planting into the strips which were 4 to 6” wide. From my observations of three years of strip-till in different stubble fields, even 2” from the center has an observable effect, especially in an alfalfa stubble field. Research has shown anything more than 4” from the center of the strip eliminated the advantage of the strip.

Not Your Typical Planting OperationBy Claire Kincaid, Agronomist, NSAC

Garry MacLagan from southern Alberta has rigged up a strip-till unit which is used to plant between 260 and 460 acres of corn and sunflowers each spring. Strip-till, also referred to as “zone-till”, has increased in interest among produc-ers in a number of areas around the Northern and Great Plains. Dry beans, sugar beats and corn are some of the other crops being grown under strip-till. For MacLagan, the results were a more uniform plant stand, clean fields, and at seasons’ end, solid yields.

Following is an interview with MacLagan.

Strip tillage unit. The white hoses come from the air tank and the green secondary hoses attach to the fertilizer boot.

Sunflowers growing well in the strip-tillage system.

Sunflower field after harvest 2011. Note lack of weeds and how the wheat stubble is still between the rows.

Sunflowers emerged from the timothy field.


QWhat further adjustments have been made?

I solved the air-seeder fertilizer block-age problem by running the four, 2 ¼” primary tank hoses up to the back of the strip-till unit and splitting each flow, through a manifold, into 2 x 1 ¼” hoses to supply the fertilizer boots. I still bled off the excess air by installing a Y on the vertical part of the final run to the boot. I also installed a hose on the bleed line and routed it just behind the RM’s, as

there was still a lot of fertilizer ‘dust’ that came out of the bleed line.

QWhat is your fertilizer regime with strip-tillage?

After nearly 20 years of no-till, our soil tests are showing that K and P levels are very high in the top 3”, so the strip has become a great way to get those nutri-ents further down in the soil. When planting on the strips, we apply a side-band dry fertilizer blend, about 3 to 4

gal/ac. of Omex/Alpine liquid phospho-rus right on the seed.

QHave you noticed any effect of the residue on weed control?

The higher the residue from the previous crop, the better the weed control. So far the best control is planting sunflower after winter wheat, though it has worked quite well after grain corn when seeded between the old rows. We will never again seed sunflowers after flax, and if there is a heavy sow-thistle infestation the year before, we will not seed sun-flowers, as the sow thistle emerges sev-eral days after the sunflowers, and can be a mess.

QWhat other weed control measures are used?

Edge is applied in a band over the strip. After seeding, we do a glyphosate burn off just a few days before emergence. A grassy weed herbicide may be required if we have wet weather, or possibly an application of Assert.

QYou use the Maverick strip-till units with the cutting disk ahead of

the RMs and fertilizer boot. How does this configuration handle rough, stony ground? With the configuration I have, the main problem is if you have larger rocks in your fields, then the shear bolt on the fertilizer boot will break.

QWhat other configurations are available?

Another configuration that works well for less residue is having the RMs run ahead of the main disc. With this con-figuration, the disc will encounter the rock, ride up over it and just as it drops down, the fertilizer boot has just cleared the rock at the same time.

Another really good strip-till attach-ment is the Dawn unit (who make a very effective seed trench closing wheel, using curved fingers, for planters). I use one Dawn closing wheel and one OEM rub-ber wheel on each planter unit. ●


focus on research

Sunflowers play host for many insects, too many some might say. Many of the insects in sunflowers are not economical and often just the resultant damage remains to puzzle us on what is in the field.

What’s Feeding on Your Sunflowers?By Claire Kincaid, Agronomist, NSAC

Sunflower Bud MothAdults have gray-brown fore-

wings with two dark transverse bands. They larva have a dark head capsule with a smooth, cream-colored body. The initial infestation (mid-June) is char-acterized by an entrance hole surrounded by black frass (insect excrement). In early planted sun-flowers most of the infestations occur in the stalks, whereas in late planted sunflowers most infesta-tions occur in the pith areas of the head. The only time yield loss is noticeable is when larvae burrow into unopened buds preventing proper head development. The larvae normally confine feeding activities to the fleshly part of the head.

Control MethodsChemical – Insecticide use has not been warranted for control of sun-flower bud moth.

WirewormsLarvae are slender and hard-

bodied, yellowish to copper in color and 3 to 5cm long at maturity. They have three pairs of legs behind the head and the last abdominal section is flattened and notched.

Larvae and adults overwinter deep in the soil (23 to 61 cm). When soil temperatures reach 10 to 13oC during spring, larvae and adults move nearer to the soil surface. Young wireworms hatch and begin feeding on roots or germinating seeds. Stems of young seedlings may emerge shredded. Damaged plants may soon wilt and die resulting in thin stands.

Control MethodsChemical – CruiserMaxx Sunflower

Sunflower MidgeAdults are tiny, tan-colored

and hard to find in the field. The larvae are cream to yellowish orange in color and approximately 3mm long when full-grown. Eggs are usually laid in depressions between the bracts of sunflower buds with a diameter greater than 2.5 cm. The newly emerged larvae move to the bases of developing seeds or bracts.

Damage is usually sporadic and restricted to field margins. In severe infestations damage is pres-ent throughout the field. When monitoring sunflower midge, look for larvae in the flower head, scarred bracts, twisted or gnarled flowers and necrotic areas at the base of or between bracts.

Control MethodsChemical – Insecticides do not work well against this pestCultural – Delayed planting (until late May) may avoid the first major emergence of the overwin-tering population. Later infesta-tions can still be severe. Some commercial hybrids are tolerant to the sunflower midge.

CutwormsThe most common species of

cutworms are the redbacked, dark-sided and dingy cutworms. Larvae have fleshy bodies, grow to about 2.5 to 3.2 cm long at maturity and curl up or attempt to hide in debris when disturbed. • Redbacked - dull gray to brown

body with two reddish stripes along the back.

• Darksided - pale brown with white ventral areas and many distinct stripes.

• Dingy - dull brown body, mot-tled with cream color.Cutworms are nocturnal, mak-

ing them hard to detect. Feeding results in notched, wilted, dead and cut-off plants (weeds or crop seedlings). Plants may be missing from rows causing bare patches. Often cutworms are close to the base of recently damaged plants but may be found down to 2” below the soil surface.

Control Methods Chemical – Economic threshold is 1 cutworm/ft2 or 25 to 30 percent stand reduction. Pounce, Perm-Up, Ambush, Lorsban, Pyrinex, Nufos and Citadel are registered.Best results occur when applied in the evening.Cultural – Larvae may be starved before spring seeding by allowing volunteer growth to reach 3 to 5 cm, cultivate and seed 10 to 14 days later.


Sunflower Seed WeevilTwo species can cause

damage in Canada; the Red Sunflower Seed Weevil and the Gray Sunflower Seed Weevil. Red sunflower seed weevil adults are 2.5 to 3.06 mm long and covered with reddish-orange, oval scales. Larvae are small, cream colored, legless and C-shaped. They appear during late June on volunteer sunflowers and feed on the bracts forming pinpoint holes. As the bud develops, adults move to the inflorescence and feed on pollen. Usually an infested seed contains a single larva.

Gray sunflower seed weevil adults are 3 to 3.5 mm long. Seeds infested by the larvae enlarge, protruding above the surrounding seeds and lack a kernel. It usually does not cause economic damage to sunflowers used for oil because of its low population level and low repro-ductive rate.

Control MethodsChemical – In oilseed sunflow-ers, the economic threshold is 10 to 12 weevils per plant. In confection sunflowers the economic threshold is 1 to 2 weevils per plant. UP-Cyde, Ripcord, Lorsban, Nufos and Citadel are registered. Insecti-cides should be applied before three out of ten plants reach 40 percent bloom. Cultural – Early planting helps to reduce seed damage. Fall or spring disking can reduce adult emergence.

Lygus BugAdults are about 5 mm

long and 2.5 mm wide. They vary in color from pale green to reddish-brown and have a distinct triangle or “V” mark on the wings. First stage nymphs are very small, wingless and bright green. Nymphs may look similar to aphids but are much more mobile. Lygus bugs feed on plants by injecting plant tis-sue with digestive enzymes, and then extracting nutrients with their needle-like mouthparts causing kernel brown spot. Lygus bugs probably move to sunflowers from alfalfa, canola or other host crops when those crops have senesced or been harvested.

Control MethodsChemical – The economic threshold for lygus bugs on sunflowers is 1 lygus bug per 9 heads. Matador is registered. Insecticide application is most beneficial when applied at the R5.1 stage.

Banded Sunflower MothAdults are small, straw-

colored and about 7 mm long with a brown triangular area in the middle of the front wings. They rest in vegetation along field margins during the day and move into the field at twi-light to lay eggs on the bracts of sunflower heads.

Newly hatched larvae are off-white with a dark-brown head capsule and about 1.5 mm long. As the larvae grow, there is a gradual color change to light pink or yellow, then to reddish or purplish and finally to green at maturity. Full-grown larvae are about 10 mm long. The lar-vae tunnel through developing seeds, usually entering at the top and leaving after the con-tents are eaten. Each larva may destroy 6 to 7 mature seeds in addition to the florets eaten by the earlier instar larvae.

Control MethodsChemical – Economic Threshold is 1 adult per 2 plants. If treat-ment is required, the optimal stage is R5.1. Cultural – Late planting may provide some control. Deep fall tillage of sunflower stubble decreases adult emergence.

Sunflower BeetleAdult resemble Colorado

potato beetles, however sun-flower beetles are smaller. The head is reddish-brown and each wing-cover has three dark-brown stripes that extend the length of the back and a fourth stripe which resembles an exclamation point. Larvae are yellowish green with a brown head capsule and humpbacked in appearance. The beetles feed throughout the day on emerging seedlings. Larvae feed on the leaves at night and hide among the bracts of the flower bud and in the axils of the leaves during the day. Noticeable damage is often first seen on plants near the margins of sunflower fields.

Control MethodsChemical – The economic threshold is 1 to 2 adult beetles per seedling at the 2 to 6 leaf stage or 10 to 15 larvae per plant during the summer, or 25 to 30 percent defoliation if more defoliation is expected. Cruiser-Maxx Sunflowers, Decis, Mata-dor/Silencer, Ripcord, UP-Cyde, Furadan, Thionex EC and Thiodan are all registered for control. Cultural – Delayed planting is effective in preventing yield reductions caused by the beetle.

Pictures supplied by John Gavloski, Manitoba Agriculture,

Food and Rural Initiative. Carman, MB.


There are two main stem weevil species; the Spotted Sunflower Stem Weevil and the Black Sunflower Stem Weevil. Both adult species have a dis-tinct snout. Larvae will normally be in a curled or C-shaped position when found in sunflower stalk tissue. Both species are highly suspected in vector-ing Phoma black stem disease in sun-flower fields. The spotted stem weevil is the only species found to cause serious stalk breakage when larval infestations reach 25 to 30 or more per stalk. Breakage occurs as larvae begin to create their overwintering cells at the base of the sunflower stalks. Break-age is most likely to occur when plants are under drought stress and/or during periods of high wind. The breakage typically occurs at or slightly above the soil surface.

Control MethodsChemical – No insecticides are cur-rently registered. Cultural – Delayed planting until late May or early June has been effective in reducing densities of larvae in the stem. Fall tillage practices increases winter mortality of stem weevil larvae. Lower plant populations result in an increased stalk diameter, reducing the damage caused by lodging. ●

Sunflower Stem Weevil


The 2012 Manitoba Special Crops Symposium February 8-9, 2012 Victoria Inn Hotel and Convention Centre1808 Wellington AvenueWinnipeg, Manitoba

KEYNOTE SPEAKERSThis year, the Manitoba Special Crops Symposium committee is pleased to be featuring

Dr. Patrick Moore as our keynote speaker (his biography can be found to the right) and Mike Krueger as our marketing speaker.

Mike Krueger, founder and President of The Money FarmThursday will feature Mike Krueger, the founder and President of The Money Farm.

The Money Farm is a grain marketing advisory service located near Fargo, North Dakota, that works with individual farmers, country elevators and others associated with agricul-ture. You can hear Mike’s marketing presentation Thursday, February 9. During the ses-sion he will provide attendees with a U.S. perspective on marketing sunflowers, corn and pulses.

SUNFLOWER RELATED TOPICS• Top 10 questions in 2011, Manitoba Sunflower Surveillance

Survey • Yield losses related to Kochia and Biennial Wormwood • Fungicide Panel: New products coming down the pipe • Strip Till Sunflowers • Reversing the Trend of Declining Acres • Grading Confections Sunflowers and Quality requirements • Challenges and Opportunities in Breeding a Minor Field Crop: The Case and History

and Unrealized potential of Sunflower For more information about the Symposium including speakers, tradeshow and the

final agenda, visit the Manitoba Special Crops Symposium website at www.manitobaspe-cialcrops.ca.

Reservations can be made by contacting the hotel at: 1-877-VIC-INNS referencing the event code, 413470.

Dr. Patrick Moore, founder of the environmental movement

Patrick Moore is a former environmental activist, known as one of the early members of Greenpeace, in which he was an activist from 1971 to 1986. Today he is the co-founder, Chair and Chief Scientist of Green-spirit Strategies in Vancouver, a consulting firm that provides paid public relations efforts, lectures, lobbying, opinions and committee participation to government and industry on a wide range of environmental and sustainability issues. He is a frequent public speaker at meetings of industry asso-ciations, universities, and policy groups.

He has sharply and publicly differed with many policies of major environmental groups, such as Greenpeace, on other issues including forestry, biotechnology, aqua-culture, and the use of chemicals for flame retardants. He is an outspoken proponent of nuclear energy and skeptical of human responsibility for climate change. Dr. Moore will speak on Wednesday, February 8 on the “Sustainable Development and Health, the Value of Genetically Modified Foods”.

HOTEL INFORMATIONVictoria Inn Hotel and Convention Centre will be the official hotel for the Manitoba Special Crops Symposium. Conference rates have

been obtained for February 7-9, 2012 at a rate of $125 plus tax for a standard room with free parking available until January 8, 2012. Upgraded rooms are also available at a discounted rate.

Notice of Annual General MeetingNotice issued December 1, 2011

Notice is hereby given that a meeting of the members of the National Sunflower Association of Canada (NSAC) will be held February 8, 2012 at the Victoria Inn Hotel and Convention Centre, 1808 Wellington Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba during the Manitoba Special Crops Symposium.

The agenda for the meeting is as follows:

1. To approve the minutes of the 2011 members meeting.

2. To receive the financial statements of NSAC for the current fiscal year.

3. To appoint the auditor for NSAC.4. To receive the board and managers

report.5. To approve the amendments to the

NSAC Constitution and By-laws.6. To elect one director for the NSAC

Board.

Nominees must be a producer of sun-flowers and are in good standing with NSAC (must not have requested a levy refund but have remitted check-off to the Association in the past two years). Nomi-nations to serve on the Board of Directors can be made by submitting the candidate’s name to the NSAC office prior to the com-mencement of the meeting, or by nominat-ing a candidate during the call for nomina-tions at the Annual General Meeting.


Board Meeting – July 7, 2011Agronomist Update – C. Kincaid noted that 41 growers have signed up for this year’s surveillance survey, total-ing 10,000 acres. Post-registration trials have been a challenge this year; Elm Creek, Graysville and Melita sites have been pulled due to seeding and excess moisture. The Morden and Souris site should produce good data.

2012 Budget – D. Graham reviewed the 2011 financial statements to date and presented an initial draft of the 2012 budget based on the reduced acres planted in 2011.

Review of November planning ses-sion – D. Graham reviewed the 2010 strategic plan noting that the NSAC has come a long way in six months. The board discussed options on how to encourage and revive the interest in sunflowers for 2012, due to the dramatic decrease in acreage in 2011. A discussion was held on what the #1 threat to the Canadian sunflower indus-try is and how each of these issues can be addressed. It was agreed that NSAC needs to work with our sunflower industry to develop an approach as a whole.

Board Meeting – October 25, 2011Financial Statements – D. Graham reviewed the financial statements to date and presented a second draft bud-get for 2012 accounting for the “har-vested” acres in 2011. It was assumed that 75 percent of the acres will be har-vested in 2011 with average yield and higher than normal pricing.

MASC – C. Kincaid proposed two docu-ments to be presented to MAFRI/MASC in regards to sunflower insured acre-age expansion and blackbird damage

covered under the Wildlife Damage Compensation Program. A meeting has been requested with Minister Struthers to discuss blackbird damage.

Human Resource Manual – Upon adoption, the Board of Directors agreed to review the HR Manual every two years to ensure the document accurately reflects the mandate of the board. D. Graham proposed a number of revisions and additions to both the Employee and Directors Manual. The proposed amendments were tabled to the next board meeting.

Manitoba Special Crops Symposium - D. Graham announced that the Man-itoba Special Crops Symposium will be held at the Victoria Inn in Winni-peg on February 8 and 9, 2012. Con-current session topics were proposed to fill our sunflower sessions. MB Special Crops Production Day – D. Graham noted that the 2nd Mani-toba Special Crops Production Day will be held on March 1, 2012 at the Keystone Center in Brandon, Manito-ba. New for 2012, the Manitoba Corn Growers Association will join our event along with a wine and cheese to wrap up the day’s sessions.

Director Nominations – The NSAC AGM will be held Wednesday, Febru-ary 8 at 8:30 a.m. D. Graham updated the board on the 2012 director posi-tions up for re-election. Two producer directors and the processing repre-sentative appointment are up for re-election in February 2012. ●

NSAC Board Meetings - Summary of Minutes

nsAc In-Depth

A discussion was held on what the #1 threat to the Canadian sunflower industry is and how each of these issues can be addressed. It was agreed that NSAC needs to work with our sunflower industry to develop an approach as a whole.


Belt ConveyorsElias Reliabelt..............................................15

Grain Buyers/Bird Food ProCessorsSun Country Farms .....................................17

Grower / ProCessorRemillard Seed Farm ...................................18

HerBiCide and aGriCultural ProduCtsBASF .............................................................2

oil sunFlower and Flax CrusHinGCargill Inc. ....................................................2

seed BuyersAgri Tel Grain ..............................................15Kalshea Commodities .................................18Keystone Grain ............................................12Seed Ex Inc. ................................................18

seed Buyer, ProCessor and seedsNestibo Agra Inc..........................................10

seed Buyers Vanderveen Commodities ...........................18

seedsLegumex .....................................................10Seeds 2000 ...................................................4

suFlower HarvestinG Header attaCHmentSheyenne Tooling & Manufacturing ............19

sunFlower ProCessorsCHS Inc.......................................................15Prairie Sun Seeds........................................19

Buyer’s Guide

The Manitoba Corn Growers Association, Inc. Cash Advance Office

Toll Free Phone: (877) 598-5685 Fax: (877) 598-5686

Box 188Carman, Manitoba R0G 0J0

Email: [email protected] Website: www.manitobacorn.ca

The Sunflower Cash Advance Program

The Post- Production Prices for the 2011 Cash Advance Program for Special Crops are now available. If you have already taken the pre-production portion of your advance these are the prices that will now apply to your current advance and to any additional money you receive on the portion of the crop that you harvest and store. If you have not yet taken an advance on your 2011 crop there is still lots of time to apply.

The Federal Government has approved the following post-production advance rates for this year:

Corn $3.50 /bushel Confectionery Sunflowers $0.16 /pound Oilseed Sunflowers $0.14 /pound White Beans $0.17 /pound Great Northern Beans $0.18 /pound Kidney Beans $0.20 /pound Cranberry Beans $0.20 /pound Pinto Beans $0.16 /pound Other Coloured Beans $0.16 /pound Peas $3.51 /bushel Soybeans $6.00 /bushel Fababeans $0.06 /pound Desi Chickpeas $0.13 /pound Kabuli Chickpeas $0.16 /pound Lentils $0.11 /pound Alfalfa Seed $0.75 /pound Annual Rye Grass Seed $0.13 /pound Perennial Rye Grass Seed $0.23 /pound Kentucky Blue Grass Seed $0.30 /pound Hay for Domestic Sales $55.00 /tonne Honey $0.75 /pound

• Applicants must be members in good standing with the National Sunflower Association of Canada or the correspond-ing Associations for the crop on which you are taking the advance.

• Applicants may not have outstanding balances under any other APP program, other than what is indicated on the Applica-tion Form and may not be in Default under any other Cash Advance Programs past or present.

• Each producer, partnership or corporate farm may receive up to $100,000.00 Interest-Free, and up to $400,000.00 in total. These totals must include any loans received as a partner or shareholder in any other entity and these totals must include all Cash Advance Programs (i.e. CWB, Canola, Livestock, etc.) Loans over $100,000.00 will have an Interest Rate of Prime - 1/4% applied to them.

• In fall if you are intending to use some of your crop for seeding yourself, EXCLUDE that amount from your application.

• If you sell your crop under a Price Pooling Contract you may not get an advance on that portion of your crop.

• The Sunflower Cash Advance program is administered by the

Manitoba Corn Growers Association ~ 38 – 4th Ave., N.E., Carman, Manitoba.

• Administration fees are $250.00 for all advances. • The federal government guarantees only a portion of each loan,

so to protect your Association a 2% deposit will be deducted. Any extra charges (o/s interest, etc) that may occur will be deducted from that Deposit before the balance is refunded.

• Credit checks may be made prior to issuing advances & Bin checks may be done on your stored grain. If your grain is in storage, you will need to provide storage tickets BUT if your crop is in price pooling it is ineligible.

• A Priority Agreement signed by your financial institution is required. If more than one financial institution is used, a sepa-rate Priority Agreement must be signed by each one. If any Suppliers hold a lien on the crop, each Supplier must sign a separate Priority Agreement.

Repayments – Please Read Carefully • Repayments must be made directly to the MCGA and must be

made as the crop is sold and on first crop sold; or on any crop that has been adjusted through Crop Insurance & for which you have received a payment; or on any of the crop which has been disposed of in any other way. The repayments must be made within 30 days of the crop being sold. Repayments, with cheques made out to: Manitoba Corn Growers Association, Inc., must be sent to the address above, along with copies of the sales receipts.

• The Cash Advance must be repaid by the crop year-end: Sep-tember 15, 2012. The advance can’t be rolled into the next year’s program.

VERY IMPORTANTIf the crop is not sold by the program year end or if the

advance is paid off without accompanying sales receipts, Interest of Prime –1/4% must be paid on the outstanding balance, or on the amount not accompanied by receipts, right back to the day that you were issued your Advance. The government then treats it as an operating loan and not an advance loan on your crop.

Late Repayments are charged interest at a rate of Prime +3% from the date it should have been repaid until the date payment is received. • Application forms or more information can be obtained on our

Website or by contacting the MCGA office. • FINAL DEADLINE FOR APPLICATIONS IS: March 15, 2012.

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