Summer training project report(mdu)

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SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORT On “THE TOURISM IN INDIA” UNDERAKEN AT “TRAVEL MATE INDIA” SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIRMENT FOR THE AWARD OF 2 YEAR DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAK PERIOD OF TRAINING: 15th June 2012 – 31st July 2012 Under the Guidance of: External Guide Internal Guide: Mr. Rajesh Mourya Mrs. Aditi Sharma Manager Operations Assistant Professor
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Transcript of Summer training project report(mdu)

SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORTOnTHE TOURISM IN INDIAUNDERAKEN ATTRAVEL MATE INDIA

SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIRMENT FOR THE AWARD OF 2 YEAR DEGREE OF

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION(MBA) MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAK

PERIOD OF TRAINING: 15th June 2012 31st July 2012Under the Guidance of:

External Guide Internal Guide:

Mr. Rajesh Mourya Mrs. Aditi SharmaManager Operations Assistant Professor Submitted by: Name: Nikunj Kamal Enroll. No: Batch: 2011-2013 DELHI GLOBAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, JASANAFARIDABAD(2011-2013) SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORTOn

THE TOURISM IN INDIA

UNDERAKEN AT

TRAVEL MATE INDIA

SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIRMENT FOR THE AWARD OF 2 YEAR DEGREE OFMASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION(MBA)

MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAK

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF: UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF: Name: Mrs. Aditi Sharma Name:Mr. Rajesh Mourya Designation: Assistant Professor Designation: Manager operations

Submitted By:Nikunj KamalMBA (IPU) 3rdsem

DELHI GLOBAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, JASANAFARIDABAD(2011-2013)

DELHI GLOBAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENTJASANA, FARIDABAD

To Whom It May Concern

I, Nikunj Kamal Enrolment No. 01299903911 from MBA-III Semester of the Delhi Global institute of Management, Jasana, Faridabad hereby declare that the Summer Training Report entitled The Tourism in India at Travel mate India is an original work and the same has not been submitted to any other Institute for the award of any other degree. The suggestions as approved by the faculty were duly incorporated.

Date: Signature of the Student

Certified that the Summer Training Report submitted in partial fulfillment of Master of Business Administration (MBA) to be awarded by MDU University, Rohtak by NIKUNJ KAMAL, and Enrolment No. has been completed under my guidance and is Satisfactory.

Date: Signature of the Guide: Name of the Guide: Mrs. Aditi Sharma. Designation: Assistant Professor

(i)(ii)Summer Training Appraisal FormStudents Name: Nikunj KamalProgram: MBAYou are requested to provide your opinion on the following parameters.Outstanding Good Satisfactory Unsatisfactory

A B C D

1. Technical knowledge gathered about the industry and the job he/she was involved. B2. Ability to take initiative C3. Ability to develop a healthy long term relationship with client B4. Ability to relate theoretical learning to the practical training B5. Creativity and ability to innovate with respect to work methods & procedures A 6. Communication Skills: Oral / Written / Listening skills B7. Ability to work in a team B8. Ability to grasp new ideas and knowledge B9. Presentations skills B10. Documentation skills B11. Sense of Responsibility B12. Acceptability (patience, pleasing manners, the ability to instill trust, etc.) B13. His/her ability and willingness to put in hard work B14. Punctuality B15. Any other comments: Assessors overall rating- B

Name of the Guide: Mr. Rajesh MouryaDesignation: Manager OperationE-mail:[email protected] (iii)ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I owe a great many thanks to a great many people who helped and supported me during the making of this project report. However, I wish to make special mention of the following.

First, my deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Rajesh Mourya (Manager Operation), Travel mate India Company where the project is undertaken with support and guidance. I would like to extend my thanks and appreciation to the helpful Staff of the Travel Mate India.I would thank to my Head of the collage Mr.Nasir Ali, Director of Delhi Global Institute of Management, Jasana Faridabad for extending his support.

I am thankful of project guide Mrs.Aditi Sharma under whose guidance I am able to complete my project. I am whole heartedly thankful to him for giving me his valuable time & attention for providing me a systematic way for completing my project in time.

Last not the least, I extend my heartfelt thanks to my Family.

Thanking you,Nikunj Kamal

(iv)Executive Summary

Tourism is the act of travel for the purpose of recreation and business, and the provision of services for this act. Tourists are people who are "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited" (official UNWTO definition). The distance between these two places is of no significance.A more comprehensive definition would be that tourism is a service industry, comprising a number of tangible and intangible components. The tangible elements include transport systems - air, rail, road, water and now, space; hospitality services - accommodation, foods and beverages, tours, souvenirs; and related services such as banking, insurance and safety and security. The intangible elements include: rest and relaxation, culture, escape, adventure, new and different experiences.Many countries depend heavily upon travel expenditures by foreigners as a source of taxation and as a source of income for the enterprises that sell (export) services to these travelers. Consequently the development of tourism is often a strategy employed either by a Non-governmental organization (NGO) or a governmental agency to promote a particular region for the purpose of increasing commerce through exporting goods and services to non-locals.Sometimes Tourism and Travel are used interchangeably. In this context travel has a similar definition to tourism, but implies a more purposeful journey.In 2011, there were over 983 million international tourist arrivals worldwide, representing a growth of 4.6% when compared to 940 million in 2010. International tourism receipts (the travel item of the balance of payments) grew to US$1.03 trillion (740 billion) in 2011, corresponding to an increase in real terms of 3.8% from 2010. In 2011, international travel demand continued to recover from the losses resulting from the late-2000s recession, where tourism suffered a strong slowdown from the second half of 2008 through the end of 2009.

(v)After a 5% increase in the first half of 2008, growth in international tourist arrivals moved into negative territory in the second half of 2008, and ended up only 2% for the year, compared to a 7% increase in 2007.The negative trend intensified during 2009, exacerbated in some countries due to the outbreak of the H1N1 influenza virus, resulting in a worldwide decline of 4.2% in 2009 to 880 million international tourists arrivals, and a 5.7% decline in international tourism receipts.Tourism is important, and in some cases, vital for many countries. It was recognized in the Manila Declaration on World Tourism of 1980 as "an activity essential to the life of nations because of its direct effects on the social, cultural, educational and economic sectors of national societies and on their international relations."Tourism brings in large amounts of income in payment for goods and services available, accounting for 30% of the world's exports of services, and 6% of overall exports of goods and services. It also creates opportunities for employment in the service sector of the economy, associated with tourism. These service industries include transportation services, such as airlines, cruise ships and taxicabs; hospitality services, such as accommodations, including hotels and resorts; and entertainment venues, such as amusement parks, casinos, shopping malls, music venues and theatres.

INDIA AS A POTENTIAL TOURIST DESTINATION

Indias bounteous heritage includes not just breathtakingly beautiful architecture, rich traditions and diverse cultures but also mesmerizing and scenic landscapes. From the Challenging snow-clad peaks of the Himalayas and the cool hill stations of the north, to the alluring beaches on the western and eastern coasts and the ornate temples of the south, India has the variety to satiate the interests of all those travelling through the country.In fact so popular is the country as a global tourist hot spot that the Conde Nast Traveler, one of the ace travel magazines, profiled India as the most preferred tourist destination in recent times. It is true then, that tourism is an important and flourishing industry in the country.(vi)It accounts for one-third of the foreign exchange earnings of India and also gainfully employs the easily the highest number of people compared to other sectors. According to the World Tourism Organization, by the year 2020, it is expected that India will become the leader in the tourism industry in South Asia, with about 8.9 million arrivals.Of late the Indian tourism economy has been deemed as the second-most rapidly increasing(8.8 %) tourism economy in the world, by World Travel and Tourism.The reason why India has been doing well in all types of tourism in IndiaIndia has always been known for its hospitality, uniqueness, and charm attributes thathave been attracting foreign travelers to India in hordes. Indian history can be roughly divided into the 6 periods of Ancient India Heritage Tourism, Ecotourism, Adventure Tourism, Wildlife Tourism, Pilgrimage Tourism & Medical tourismIn India we have many policies, the very famous policy of the 7-S MantraThe policy is built around the 7-S Mantra Swaagat (welcome), Soochanaa (information), Suvidhaa (facilitation), Surakshaa (security), Sahyog (cooperation), Sanrachnaa (infrastructure) Safaai (cleanliness).

Main summery in this project is Indian tourism growing day by day I came to know withthe help of my seniors and secondary data that India has everything landscapes, beaches,valley, forest mountain everything is here in India, thats why India is one of the famoustourist place in this world.

(vii)

TABLE OF CONTENTSSerial No.TopicPage No.

1.2.3.4.

5. 6.

Certificates Summer Training Appraisal Form Acknowledgements Executive Summary Chapter I: Introduction

Chapter II: Review of Literature

Chapter III: Research Methodology

Chapter IV: Data Reduction, Presentation & Analysis

Chapter V: Summary & Conclusions

References/ Bibliography

Appendices

- List of Tables

- List of Figures

i- ii iii iv v-vii

1 20 60 65 79

80

81

Chapter I: Introduction

Tourism we see is the origin from the Sanskrit literature.It has given us three terms derived from the root word ATANA means Going out.The three terms are : Trirthatana Paryatana Deshatana

ATANA(Going out)ATANA(Going out)

PARYATANA(Going out and Visiting Places forPleasure and knowledge)DESHATANA(Going out of the country for Economic gain)TRIRTHATANA(Going out and Visiting Places of different Religion)

Figure 1. THREE TERMS DERIVED FROM ATANA TRIRTHATANA: Going out for the religious tripFor example: char dham(Gangotri, Yamunotri, Kedarnath andBadrinath), amaranth yatra in India etc.

Gangotri Yamunotri Kedarnath

Badrinath

PARYATANA: Going out and Visiting Places for Pleasure and knowledgeFor example: Ajanta and Ellora, Elephanta caves in Maharashtra, India. Kailasha temple (cave16), one of the Ajanta caves Hindu temples of theEllora Caves. Deshatana: Going out of the country for economic and intellectual gain. For example: For job, studies etc. In simple words Tourism is act of travel for the three purposes Leisure, Pleasure and Business. According to the World tourism m organization:Tourism comprises the activities of the person traveling and staying in the places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purpose.The Usual environment is intended to exclude trip with in the place of residence, work or education and daily shopping and other day to day activities.

REGIONAL AND LOCAL TOURISM ORGANISATIONS

NATIONAL TOURISM ORGANIZATIONSTOURISM INDUSTRY

COMPONENTS

Lodging HotelsMotelsResortsOther types ofAccommodationTravel trade organisationTravelAgencyTour operatorsPublic/private services organisationsHealthInsuranceBankingFinanceTraining and developmentTourism and hotels

Recreation and entertainments TransportationRailAirRoadSea/water

Figure 2. SIMPLE STRUCTURE OF TOURISM INDUSTRY

World tourism statistics and rankings:In 2011, there were 983 million international tourist arrivals, with a growth of 4.6% as compared to 2010.TheWorld Tourism Organizationreports the following ten countries as the most visited in terms of the number of international travellers. In 2011,Turkeyovertook theUnited Kingdomto become the sixth most visited country.RankCountryUNWTORegionInternationaltouristarrivals(2011)Internationaltouristarrivals(2010)Change2010to 2011

1FranceEurope79.5 million77.1 million+3.0%

2United StatesNorth America62.3 million59.8 million+4.2%

3ChinaAsia57.6 million55.7 million+3.4%

4SpainEurope56.7 million52.7 million+7.6%

5ItalyEurope46.1 million43.6 million+5.7%

6TurkeyEurope29.3 million27.0 million+8.7%

7United KingdomEurope29.2 million28.3 million+3.2%

8GermanyEurope28.4 million26.9 million+5.5%

9MalaysiaAsia24.7 million24.6 million+0.6%

10MexicoNorth America23.4 million23.3 million+0.5%

International tourism receipts

International tourism receipts grew toUS$1.03trillion (740 billion) in 2011, corresponding to an increase in real terms of 3.8% from 2010.TheWorld Tourism Organizationreports the following countries as the top ten tourism earners for the year 2011, with theUnited Statesby far the top earner.RankCountryUNWTORegionInternationaltourismreceipts(2011)

1United StatesNorth America$116.3 billion

2SpainEurope$59.9 billion

3FranceEurope$53.8 billion

4ChinaAsia$48.5 billion

5ItalyEurope$43.0 billion

6GermanyEurope$38.8 billion

7United KingdomEurope$35.9 billion

8AustraliaOceania$31.4 billion

9IndiaAsia$27.8 billion

10Hong Kong(China)Asia$27.2 billion

International tourism expenditure

TheWorld Tourism Organizationreports the following countries as the top ten biggest spenders on international tourism for the year 2011.RankCountryUNWTORegionInternationaltourismexpenditure(2011)[3]

1GermanyEurope$84.3 billion

2United StatesNorth America$79.1 billion

3ChinaAsia$72.6 billion

4United KingdomEurope$50.6 billion

5FranceEurope$41.7 billion

6CanadaNorth America$33.0 billion

7RussiaEurope$32.5 billion

8ItalyEurope$28.7 billion

9JapanAsia$27.2 billion

10AustraliaOceania$26.9 billion

Most-visited cities by international tourist arrivals

Top 10 most visited cities by estimated number of international visitors

RankCityCountryInternationalvisitors(millions)YearNotes

1ParisFrance15.62011Extrapolation, excluding outer suburbs visitors

2LondonUnited Kingdom15.22011

3AntalyaTurkey10.52011May include same-day visitors

4New York CityUnited States10.32011Projection, may include same-day visitors

5SingaporeSingapore9.22010Excluding Malaysian citizens arriving by land

6Kuala LumpurMalaysia9.02011Only hotel guests

7Hong KongHong Kong(China)8.72011Excluding Mainland Chinese visitors

8DubaiUnited Arab Emirates8.12011Only hotel and hotel apartment guests

9IstanbulTurkey8.12011May include same-day visitors

10BangkokThailand7.22010

INDIAN TOURISM

Figure 3. TOURISM MAP

Tourism emerged as the largest global industry of the 21st century. In the new millennium global economy will be governed by Technology, Telecommunication and Tourism. Tourism has a potential to create the maximum number of jobs. According to an assessment, in India alone, 100 million additional jobs will be created by the Tourism industry in the next 25 years. It helps to earn valuable foreign exchange.Tourism in India is the largest service industry, with a contribution of 6.23% to the national GDP and 8.78% of the total employment in India. In 2010, total Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTA) in India were 5.78 million and India generated about 200 billion US dollars in 2008 and that is expected to increase to US$375.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate. The majority of foreign tourists come from USA and UK. Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are the top five states to receive inbound tourists. Domestic tourism in the same year was 740 million. Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra received the big share of these visitors. Ministry of Tourism is the nodal agency to formulate national policies and programmes for the development and promotion of tourism. In the process, the Ministry consults and collaborates with other stakeholders in the sector including various Central Ministries/agencies, the state governments and union territories and the representatives of the private sector. Concerted efforts are being made to promote new forms of tourism such as rural, cruise, medical and eco-tourism. The Ministry of Tourism also maintains the Incredible India campaign.In 2011, total Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTA) in India were 6.18 million and Foreign Exchange Earnings stood at US$ 16.691 billion (Global rank-17) up 17.6% from previous year figure of US$ 14.193 billion (5.58 million FTAs in 2010). India's Foreign Exchange earnings grew by an astonishing 14.1% (CAGR) during 2001-10 out-pacing global average 7.7%. Owing to steady decade-long growth India's share in world Foreign exchange earnings has gone up from 0.64% in 2002 to about 1.72% in 2011.According to World Travel and Tourism Council, India will be a tourism hot-spot from 2009 to 2018, having the highest 10-year growth potential. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2007 ranked tourism in India sixth in terms of price competitiveness and 39th in terms of safety and security. Despite short- and medium-term setbacks, such as shortage of hotel rooms, tourism revenues are expected to surge by 42% from 2007 to 2017. India's rich history and its cultural and geographical diversity make its international tourism appeal large and diverse. It presents heritage and cultural tourism along with medical, business and sports tourism. India has one of the largest and fastest growing medical tourism sectors.

The tourism industry comprises of the following main and distinctive sectors:

TransportationTourism industry is heavily dependent on the transportation industry which comprises of airlines, cruise and ferry lines, passenger railways, coach and bus travel, car hire. Thanks to the increase in tourist traffic, over the years, the range of airline services has considerably, not only in terms of frequency of flights and number of destinations, but also in terms of different services, and differing levels of service to meet different passenger needs. This shows the important role marketing plays as competition and demand intensifies.Passenger rail services have also changed, and their role in tourism is as wide as with, for example, Euro rail tickets allowing extensive international travel at basic(service) standard for students and budget tourists, to the luxury of Palace on Wheels where the train voyage is the holiday.Cruise lines are operating different services tailored to consumers budgets, and other shipping lines involved in the tourist industry, especially the ferry operators, are broadening and upgrading their range of services and facilities to meet consumer expectations, and to remain competitive.Coach and bus companies have acted in a similar fashion and so have the car rental companies. Accommodation

Accommodation includes hotels, ranging from the biggest international chains recognizable worldwide such as Hilton and Holiday Inn to small independent establishments. In order to gain recognition in an increasingly competitive marketplace, many smaller independent hotels have grouped together, adopting a consortium approach. Under a central brand name, they can offer central reservations services, for e.g. and present a recognizable identity to consumers which enables them to compete against the larger, more established chains. Other types of accommodations are also well established in tourist markets, notably self-catering apartments and club type complexes.With the innumerable dream destinations India offers the best of the accommodation facilities to the travelers to the land. There are plenty of hotels and resorts in India that cater to the needs of tourists of all kinds. The hotels and resorts in India provide high standards of quality of accommodation, facilities and comforts to satisfy the clients at the most reasonable rates. The variety of hotels and resorts in India ranging from Luxury Hotels, Standard Hotels, Budget Hotels to the Heritage Hotels In India. Then there are several Indian & International Hotel Chains in India. The services and the facilities are such that the hospitability of India gets revealed always. Throughout the length and the breadth of the country that is dotted with tourist destinations the hotels and resorts are available to make your experience of India unique.The incomparable and incredible land of India offers plenty of accommodation options such that the visit to the wonderland suits all pockets. The country where tradition and trends fuse to give you the best the range of possible accommodations is vast. There are the exclusive hotels and hotel chains that boast of luxurious amenities and world-class dcor.Hotels in India have been categorized on different parameters all of them taking into account the factors such as service provided, infrastructure, location, heritage value, and types of guests accommodated. Like many other countries worldwide, these categorizations help the common travelers zero down on the accommodation option he can afford or wanted to stay at during his/her visit.

Tour operators

Tour operators are the firms which specialize in providing the whole holiday package, incorporating travel and accommodation needs for the consumer. They range from highly specialized operations such as Indianvisit.com, who customize every kind of trip that you can dream of, to large operators offering services at all different levels to cater for budget, family, or singles holidays to near or faraway destinations.Thomas Cook and Cox and king are the best known of such operators; they also offer travel agency and financial services to their consumers. An independent local coach firm may also be a tour operator and many transportation companies also offer holiday packages. Tourism Destination Operators/ Destination Management

This is new category in many senses, as it is an area of the tourism industry which has seen a massive growth in the development of theme parks and other types of artificial tourist destinations in the recent years. However Disneyland and Disneyworld in America were the forerunners of this development in tourism marketing, and they have been well established for decades.It is due to the recent growth, and the continuing trends, which make it area which should be considered separately as a tourism industry. The new Euro Disney theme park in France is an example of a tourism destination operation. On a smaller scale, heritage parks which being developed from Britains industrial wasteland such as Wigan Pier, which attracted over half a million tourists in 1991, and similar attractions now represent a significant amount of tourism activity.

CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM INDUSTRY

INFLEXIBILITYThe tourism industry is highly inflexible in terms of capacity. The number of beds in a hotel or seats on a flight is fixed so it is not possible to meet sudden upsurges in demand similarly restaurants tables, hotels beds and flights seats remain empty and unused in periods of low demand.

PERISHABILITYAn unused hotel bed or empty flight seat represents an immediate loss of that service as a means of earning profit. Tourism product is used as a time of availability. It cannot be preserved. Incase, the tourist cannot visit the place the opportunity is lost. Hence, this becomes one of its important characteristics.

FIXED LOCATIONTourism destinations are fixed locations so effort must be taken in communicating the facility to the potential consumer. Relatively large financial investment; every modern tourist establishment and facility requires large investment frequently over a long time scale.

RELATIVELY LARGE FINANCIAL INVESTMENT Every modern tourist establishment and facility requires large investment, frequently over a long time scale. This means that the level of risk and the rate of return are critically important to tourism management.

PEOPLE ORIENTEDTourism Services are high contact services, as people interact with people at virtually EVERY stage of the way. Tourism services are very people-oriented services, and the service people are plenty and have high contact with the consumers. The consumer interacts with a myriad of service people starting from when he books his ticket and throughout the course of his holiday.

BENEFITS TO CUSTOMERS

Since the economy opened up in 1991, several foreign chains have entered the Indian market, including Hyatt, Four Seasons, Hilton, Regent, Radisson and Holiday Inn. The result is that the quality of service has improved. The overseas players have brought in efficient systems and service standards from Europe and the US. Competition has forced Indian hotel groups to improve their standards. The customer has benefited in many ways. The influx of foreign players has led to major price wars in the industry. In an attempt to woo customers, Indian hotels have reduced their tariffs significantly. According to one hotelier, "India has become a normal market - like others in the West or in Southeast Asia with demand and supply determining the price".

CLASSIFICATION

Tourism may be classified into the following types:

1. INBOUND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM: It means visiting to a country by non-resident of that country.

2. OUTBOUND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM: It means visiting by the residents of a country to another country.

3. INTERNAL TOURISM: It means visiting by residents of a country to their own country.

4. DOMESTIC TOURISM: It consists of inbound international tourism plus internal tourism.

5. NATIONAL TOURISM: It consists of internal tourists plus outbound international tourism.

1.2 Objective of the study1. To highlight the potential of the Indian Tourism Industry.2. Learned about the destinations of the India.3. To know the present scenario of the tourism industry.4. The future prospective of Indian tourism.

1.3 Company profile

About our Company:Travel agent in Delhi is not just a name, but it is a commitment. We are a reputed and professionally managed company which has been in the business of Tour and Travel since 2000, based in New Delhi, India.

TRAVELMATE INDIAis one stop travel house, exploring the world can be one of the most rewarding experiences in life. However, planning a trip can be extremely frustrating especially when one doesnt know where to start. We understand travel needs of all and deliver the best through meticulous planning.

Traveling withTRAVELMATEis all about escaping the ordinary to truly appreciate the extraordinary. It's about bringing people together or taking them away, about discovering the world or getting lost in it.

TRAVELMATEbrings together a highly trained team of individuals with over two decades of experience in the travel industry. A team which has the confidence and the expertise to handle the most complex and challenging tasks they are faced with.Travel Mate is a travel agency of repute established in the year 1990, with a professional outlook in the competitive world of today.

We have numerous certificates of accreditation awarded by all the major airline carriers such as Swissair, British Airways, Cathay Pacific and Air India. We are recognized by the Department of Tourism,Government of India and are members of:

-International Air Transport Association (IATA)-Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA)-American Society of Travel Agents (ASTA)-Indian Association of Tour Operators (IATO)-Travel Agents Association of India (TAAI)

Our Services Include:1.Domestic and International Air Travel:We operate Group Tours in all our divisions i.e. Outbound, Inbound and Domestic. Each tour is different in the number of days and destinations. All the tours are pre-planned i.e. the dates of departures and arrivals are fixed in advance for all the tours.Inbound Group Tours are operated by us ,we organize for accommodation, air travel, coach, car, guides and excursions for foreign tourists travelling in groups from the size of 15 to 45 persons on a pre-booked itinerary.We cater to these varied demand s arising from our clients outside India. Some of these tours handled by us are theme led tours like gardens of the world, natural history, art treasures, etc.Under FITs we provide customized holidays which have flexibility and are designed to suit the customer needs unlike group tours which are standard in nature. We believe this product though complex has good demand and requires better planning and execution to meet individual needs. We have experience in handling complex requests associated with FITs and have a unique internet program that allows and facilitates complex itinerary planning and booking capability. 2.Incentive Travel Conferences & Seminars(MICE-Meeting,Incentives,Confrenses & exhibition):Leisure travel is increasingly being used as an incentive tool by many organizations to convey appreciation for recognizing achievers. It has dual benefits, one by providing a holiday that enables an executive to unwind and recharge and the other serving as a reward for excellence that inspires the team. Our incentive division works closely with the client to tailor-make a program best suited to his needs and budgets. The incentive division amongst other services assists in selection of a destination, providing a choice of airlines using the most economical route and complete logistic support on ground. Such programs are organized within India for foreign clients or domestic clients or overseas for a domestic client.We cater to all aspects of conference organizing, business meetings, event management, seminars, exhibitions, product launches and incentives. Every event is designed to meet specific requirements right from the pre-event preparations, during the event itself and through to post-event settlements. Our expertise in this segment with extensive planning and considerable research ensures our customers have the most comprehensive travel experience.

3. Corporate / Business TravelThe Corporate or Business Travel has witnessed a change from the traditional travel agency mode to total travel management mode. In this mode the objective is to minimize the total travel budget for the corporate while maintaining the service standards. The need has arisen from the increasing complexities, quality and time effectiveness of business travels of current times. The Corporate Travel market is a highly competitive market with presence of both domestic and international travel companies. We have systems and processes in place to make urgent and quick bookings for domestic and international flights, hotels, visas, foreign exchange, travel insurance, car rentals, etc. We also provide various services related to conference organizing, meetings, exhibitions, trade fairs for corporate travellers. This is mainly a fee-based business and involves low marketing cost. It provides scale to the operations and hence the buying power and a sense of predictability to the business. 4. Passport & Visa Facilitation:Visa services are provided in the categories of Tourist visa, Transit visa, Business visa, Student visa, Conference visa and Entry and Employment visa. Passport services include issuance and cancellation of passport, editions in details, extension of validity, etc. We are involved in all visa and passport related processes from lodgment of application to delivery of the passport. All administrative, logistical and technical tasks related to the processing function, except the decision making, are undertaken by us.Thus, allowing diplomatic missions to focus towards the core task of judging an applicants eligibility as granting of visa remains the prerogative of the diplomatic mission, we support them for all the rest of the activities.5.Car Rentals6.Money Exchange Our Clients: We look after the travel arrangement of Govt. Departments, Public Sector Units, Multinationals Companies, National Corporate, & ForeiChapter-II: Review of Literature

Positive Starts To 2012 For Tourist Arrivals Data released by the Indian Ministry of Tourism in April 2012 showed that tourist arrivals grew strongly in the first quarter of 2012, building on positive growth registered in 2011. Between January and March, visitor arrivals grew by 9.5% year-on-year (y-o-y) to 1.9mn. Growth was particularly strong in March, when arrivals grew by 13.2% y-o-y. Foreign exchange earnings grew by an impressive 42% y-o-y in rupee terms in March, as compared to 6.8% growth over the quarter as a whole.

Such high levels of growth bode well for performance throughout the rest of the year and are particularly positive in the context of mounting global economic uncertainty. With India having therefore performed well during its traditional high season in the early months of the year, we maintain our forecast for tourist arrivals of 6.8mn in 2012, building on 2011s positive performance.

India Expands Visa On Arrival System Local media reports in early 2012 suggest that the Indian government is considering extending the Visa On Arrival (VOA) system to more countries, in order to bolster the tourism industry. The VOA system was first introduced in January 2010 and then applied only to Finland, Japan, Luxembourg, New Zealand and Singapore. In January 2011 it was extended to Cambodia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar and the Philippines. Now, it may be extended to countries such as Thailand, Spain, Germany, Brunei, Malaysia, Brazil, South Africa, Russia, France and Sweden. The current visa application system can be unwieldy and time-consuming, so the Indian government may be seeking to attract more tourists by streamlining procedures.Ministry Of Tourism Launches 2012-2017 Development Plan In early 2012, Indian President Pratibha Patel launched the countrys 12th five-year tourism development plan, focusing on the 2012-2017 period. During this timeframe, India is targeting average annual tourist arrivals growth of 12%, aiming to create an extra 5mn jobs. A large part of this plan focused on upgrading Indias transport infrastructure. In particular, the government assesses that 30 airports will need to be built or upgraded during the next five years. Between 2012 and 2017, the government has set an investmenttarget of US$13.1bn, with approximately 60% to be sourced from the private sector. Since Q108, we have described numerically the banking business environment for each of the countries surveyed by BMI. We do this through our Commercial Banking Business Environment Rating (CBBER), a measure that ensures we capture the latest quantitative information available. It also ensures consistency across all countries and between the inputs to the CBBER and the Insurance Business Environment Rating, which is likewise now a feature of our insurance reports. Like the Business Environment Ratings calculated by BMI for all the other industries on which it reports, the CBBER takes into account the limits of potential returns and the risks to the realisation of those returns. It is weighted 70% to the former and 30% to the latter.

The evaluation of the Limits of potential returns includes market elements that are specific to the banking industry of the country in question and elements that relate to that country in general. Within the 70% of the CBBER that takes into account the Limits of potential returns, the market elements have a 60% weighting and the country elements have a 40% weighting. The evaluation of the Risks to realisation of returns also includes banking elements and country elements (specifically, BMIs assessment of long-term country risk). However, within the 30% of the CBBER that take into account the risks, these elements are weighted 40% and 60%, respectively. Further details on how we calculate the CBBER are provided at the end of this report.

In general, though, three aspects need to be borne in mind in interpreting the CBBERs. The first is that the market elements of the Limits of potential returns are by far the most heavily weighted of the four elements. They account for 60% of 70% (or 42%) of the overall CBBER. Second, if the market elements are significantly higher than the country elements of the Limits of potential returns, it usually implies that the banking sector is (very) large and/or developed relative to the general wealth, stability and financial infrastructure in the country. Conversely, if the market elements are significantly lower than the country elements, it usually means that the banking sector is small and/or underdeveloped relative to the general wealth, stability and financial infrastructure in the country. Third, within the Risks to the realisation of returns category, the market elements (ie: how regulations affect the development of the sector, how regulations affect competition within it, and Moodys Investor Services ratings for local currency deposits) can be markedly different from BMIs long-term risk rating.

TYPES OF TOURS IN INDIA1. Medico Treatment (Indias Growing Medico Tour)2. Natural Heal ink (Ayurveda, Yoga)3. Art & Culture Tour (Taj Mahal Tour)4. Festive Tour (Diwali, Dasshera)5. Exploration Tour (Wild Life & Heritage)6. Study Tour (Specialized Courses)7. Beach Tour (Beach Holiday Destinations In India)8. Excursion Tour (Mountaineering, River Rafting)9. Golden Triangle (Cities Of Golden Triangle) 10. Indian Traditional Tour MEDICO TOUR IN INDIA India is hoping to expand its tourist industry to include visitors with heart conditions and cataracts. Indeed, medical tourism, where foreigners travel abroad in search of low cost, world-class medical treatment, is gaining popularity in countries like India. The field has such lucrative potential that Indian finance minister Jaswant Singh called for India to become a global health destination. And, with prices at a fraction of those in the US or Britain, the concept will likely have broad consumer appeal if people can overcome their prejudices about health care in developing countries. Though the quality of health care for the poor in countries like India is undeniably low, private facilities offer advanced technology and procedures on par with hospitals in developed nations. NATURAL HEALINGAyurveda is a perfect ancient science of life, the word AYUR literally means life and VEDA the science or knowledge. Ayurveda briefly explains the knowledge of the do's and don't one has to follow, which favours the well being of each individual to lead a healthy, happy, comfortable and advantageous life both physically, mentally & Socially. Ayurveda also emphasises that prevention is better than cure.According to Ayurveda every living and nonliving being in this universe is a combination of five basic eternal elements, called Pancha Maha Bhoothas. Human Body is also constituted by these five eternal elements in various compositions. Hence it can be conceived that every cell of body is possessed with all the properties of life. The only difference of Human Body from the external World is the expression of CHAITHANYA or consciousness of life spark or spirit or soul. The five basic eternal elements are1. Earth2. Water 3. Fire 4. Air 5.EtherWe take you on a special Ayurveda Tour in India, which covers the major Ayurveda Centres and Ayurveda resorts in India. We offer the Ayurveda Tour with an aim of rejuvenating you mentally as well as physically. Health is not everything, it is the only thing" - this is what the Ayurveda tours in India stress on. ART & CULTURE TOUR

India has been the motherland of art, culture and architecture all across the globe. The historical monuments in India like the forts, palaces, caves, temples, mosques and churches tell their own tale. The Art and Culture Tour of India takes you to a unforgettable odyssey of the ancient monuments in India, the Taj Mahal in Agra in Uttar Pradesh; Ajanta Ellora caves near Aurangabad in Maharashtra; Temples of Khajuraho and South India along with many more structures depicting the art and culture of India.

The most famous monuments are the eighth wonder and the Taj Mahal, Red fort, Qutab Minar, Agra fort, Fatehpur Sikri and many more. These monuments made in the golden period when India was ruled by the Mughals; are excellent examples of art, architecture and culture of India. The art and culture tour in India reflects the flexibility and the secular elements inherent in our Indian art and culture since the bygone days. These architectural marvels of India not only represent the deep-rooted art and culture of India but also the mathematical skills and an exceptional aesthetic sense possessed by the Indian artisans. FESTIVE TOUR

Fairs and Festivals complete the hue and colour in the sketch of real India. Whether Holi, Gangaur and Pushkar Fair of Rajasthan; Elephant Festival, Onam or Boat Carnival of Kerala, The great Goan Carnival; Taj Mahotsav of Agra or Tansen Festival of Gwalior; as a tourist you witness a distinct feature in every festival reflecting the culture, customs and traditions that belong to that region of India. Every year millions of travellers visit India with a purpose of India Festival Tour, coinciding the date of travel with the occasion of some Indian Festival. All the festivals pay a tribute to Indian customs, traditions, culture and climate, which form an indispensable part of Indian soil. The renowned ones are the Pushkar Fair, International Kite Festival, Surajkund Fair, Goa Carnival etc. that pull the whole of the tourist traffic towards India. The mega size and the cultural diversity inherent in these festivals are apparent enough to leave a tourist awestruck. There is perhaps not a single day in the Indian calendar when in some part of the vast country a festival is not celebrated or a fair held- some so big that almost the entire country participates, and some so small that it is confined to a little community in a remote village. But the spirit is the same - replete with rituals, colour, music, feasting, pageantry, fun and frolic. And given India's vast diversity. After the same festival is celebrated differently. In different parts, all adding to the richness of the Indian way of life. EXPLORATION TOUR WILDLIFE TOURS IN INDIA Explore the wild jungles and forests of India on India Wildlife Tours. Feel the excitement of seeing a majestic tiger prowling in a jungle, or elephants and rhinos trampling their way through the tall grass of a National Park in India. See amazing animals on wildlife safari tours in India. You can see deer, monkeys, bear, squirrels and mongoose in the forests. Tour a land of natural beauty and wonder, with exciting India Wildlife Tours. HERITAGE TOURS IN INDIA India is famous for its forts, palaces and mansions that exude the cultural legacy of India. Then entire length and breadth of the country is dotted with the tourist places telling a tale of their own. The temples, rock cut caves and even the exhibits of the Indian emperors boast of the royal traditions followed religiously in ancient India. The Heritage Tours in India are an effort to familiarise the Indians as well as the foreigners with the wealth of Indian legacy. The Heritage Tours India by default transports you to a bygone era where you feel like a Maharaja. Our most privileged Heritage Tours in India fulfil your dream of attaining the zenith of luxury and comfort anyhow. STUDY TOUR

Experience life in a rural tribal community, visit social and economic development projects and tour places of cultural, historical and religious significance.The two-week Unique Study Tour to India will bring to life concepts of sustainable, community-based development through visits to both rural and urban community development projects and conversations with the different people involved.

BEACH TOURS

India is a land with a long coastline measuring over 6,700 km, is washed by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Bay of Bengal to the east and the Indian Ocean to the south.Explore the magnificent Indian Beaches stretching over the vast coastline of Indian Peninsula. Travel the most exclusive Beaches of India spread across the seashores of the states like: Goa, Kerala (Kovalam, Marari, Varkala, Poovar), Lakshadweep and Andaman & Nicobar. Have an unforgettable Trip to Beaches of India at your favorite destination. The Indian Beaches offer you solitary and special moments whether for romantic honeymoon, a perfect holiday, an ideal vacation or even to fulfill your adventurous appetite through water sports.Indian beaches are just the right place for fun and frolic, and either a family holiday or a lone excursion. The hospitality of the people adds to the charm of the beautiful surrounding, as does the all-pervasive holiday mood. While, some of the beaches are well prepared for tourists and appointed with every facility, be it hotels and resorts, beach shacks and small restaurants serving delicious but affordable food, or beach bazaars with colorful balloons, the others are sandy and isolated retreats perfect for unwinding and relaxing. EXCURSION TOUR

MOUNTAINEERING TOURS IN INDIA

Mountaineering as a sport has a history as old as the history of the evolution of human race itself. Mountaineering started when the need was felt for people who could climb difficult heights and terrains to meet people across the border, to trade, or to conquer new territories. In the course of time, man developed new modes of transportation and communication and venturing out on these difficult routes were not needed. Nevertheless, what remained was his nature to take risks and getting pleasure in conquering something totally unknown and unexplored. This inner urge to take up challenges has led man to do things that are quite daring. MOUNTAINEERING DESTINATIONS IN INDIAHimachal Pradesh, Garhwal and Kumaon regions of Uttar Pradesh, Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir, Northeast India, and Sikkim are the most important mountaineering destinations in India. The summits that are quite popular with the mountaineers are Num and Kun and the Zanskar range in Jammu and Kashmir. In Kishtawar, there are numerous peaks with altitudes up to 6,500 m that require technical climbing skills. In Himachal Pradesh, the areas of Lahaul and Spiti as well as the Kulu valley have several challenging peaks. The peaks in India have been classified as 'open', 'virgin', 'border', 'trekking', and 'other peaks'. Each category offers a number of choices. ADVENTURE HIMALAYAN SAFARI IN INDIA

India is a thrilling adventure holiday destination. You can choose from a wide range of adventure tours in India, while on your Indian Holiday. You can enjoy mountaineering in the Himalayas, and trekking, camping and rock climbing on various mountain ranges, while on adventure tours in India. Feel the thrill of white water rafting and kayaking on the rivers of India. Take off from lofty cliffs and soar like a bird, while hang gliding or parasailing in India. If you're a wildlife enthusiast, you're sure to enjoy wildlife safaris and adventure tours to the National Parks and wildlife sanctuaries in India. If water sports are what excite you, then India's long coastline and islands offer plenty of opportunities for water sports adventure tours in India. You can enjoy swimming, snorkeling, scuba diving, and surfing, wind surfing and sailing, on adventure tours in India, when you enjoy an adventurous Indian Holiday.

RIVER RAFTING TOUR IN INDIA

Be swept along a rushing river in a rubber raft, tumble over rapids, plunge over waterfalls and feel the icy spray splash on your face, as your raft races along a mountain river in India. Experience the thrill of white water rafting in India along tumbling snow-fed Himalayan Rivers in summer destinations in India. River rafting in India is an exhilarating experience that you can enjoy on your Indian Holiday. One of the best regions for river rafting in India is the stretch up to Rishikesh in Uttaranchal. White water rafting on the Alaknanda, Bhagirathi and Ganga rivers is a popular adventure tourism activity in summer in India. For the more adventurous traveler, white water rafting tours in India can also be organized on the Indus River in Ladakh and Brahmaputra River in Arunachal Pradesh GOLDEN TRIANGLE TOUR IN INDIA

Welcome to the golden triangle tour of India. The holiday you will remember for the rest of your life. If you are keen to take the picture for the India Gate, The Taj Mahal or the Sand Dunes as the backdrop for your favorite photograph, which one will, you pick. Is it difficult to decide? Well at the Indian visit we offer you all the best of the holidays clubs Royal Rajasthan with the terrific city of the Taj Mahal besides the dazzling and delightful Delhi. The golden triangle tour of India is probably the most captivating holiday that can be spent at India. Over the years the Golden Triangle (Delhi - Agra - Jaipur) has made a firm footing on the tourist map of the world. TRADITIONAL TOUR IN INDIATraditionally, the journey (Yatra) is done from the west to the east starting from Yamunotri, then proceeding to Gangotri & finally to Kedarnath & Badrinath. Yamunotri & Gangotri fall under Uttarkashi district in Garhwal region of Uttaranchal. Badrinath falls under Chamoli & also house three out of five Panch Kedar, Panch Badris, Sacred Sikh shrine of Hemkund Sahib, skiing paradise. Auli & the legendary Valley of Flowers. The holy pilgrimage of Kedarnath nestles in Rudraprayag.Although Chardham are accessible through a network of motor able roads, arduous trails remain the ancient sanctuaries of faith for fulfilling experience. Marketing mix with tourism industry

The Seven Ps of Tourism Marketing MixProductPricePlacePromotionPeopleProcessPhysicalEvidence

PRODUCT

ACCOMMODATIONRECREATIONRESTAURANTATTRACTIONTRANSPORTATIONSHOPPINGTourism ProductProduct is the combination of tangible and intangible elements. The tourism product, which is mainly the destination, can only be experienced. The views of the location travel to the destination, the accommodation and facility as well as the entertainment at the destination all form the tourism product. Thus it is a composite product combination of attraction, facilities and transportation. Each of these components has its own significance in the product mix and in the absence of even single components, the product mix is incomplete.

Components of Tourist Product.BENEFITMEANINGWITH RESPECT TO THE TRAVEL AND TOURIS INDUSTRY

Core BenefitThe fundamental benefit or service that the customer is buyingTraveling

Basic ProductBasic, functional attributesTicketing, hotel reservation

Expected ProductSet of attributes/conditions the buyer normally expectsCustomer friendliness, good food

Augmented ProductThat meets the customers desires beyond expectationsPrompt services, comfortable and convenient trip, spectacular sights, music

Potential ProductThe possible evolution to distinguish the offerTotally customized tour packages, A grade service at every stage

PRICE

Pricing in tourism is a complex process. Pricing includes the prices of other services like Air travel, Bus, Railways, Hotels, etc. All are included in tourism package. Pricing also depends on the Geographic location of the destination.

Pricing also depends on Seasonality. Seasonality is the most important factor in pricing. To match demand and supply tourist managers try to get either discount. E.g. Taj is the tourist attraction in India. Pricing is also based on competitors pricing. Pricing is also subject to government regulations. E.g. Air price changes tourism package also changes, if Hotel charges change then also tourism package changes.Pricing of the tourist product is a complex matter because of its composite nature. Geographical location of the destination affects the pricing decision. At the same time, seasonality factor and varying demand cannot be overruled. The objective of pricing in any other firms is to fetch a target market share, to prevent competition, and to take care of the price elasticity of demand.A very important way, in which the travel and tourism business responded to their highly complex pricing circumstances, is to operate at two levels. The first level is corresponds with the marketing strategy, which concerns with the product positioning, value for the money, long run return on investments etc. The second level corresponds to the marketing operations or tactics where the prices are manipulated to match the current demand and competition.

PLACE

Different distribution strategies can be selected for Tourism marketing. Tourism as a product is distributed as a travel. Internet is also used widely. There is also small agents spread all over the town who plays a role of place. Large travel companies like Thomas Cook, Cox & Kings, SOTC, etc they act as a wholesalers and these wholesalers also act as a retailer.The tourism marketer may not have adequate choice of the tourist center, because in most of the case the tourist destinations many be natural, historical attraction. But, infrastructure facilities, transportation, communication are important for the development of the tourist center. The major decision that the tourism marketer takes regarding distribution is relating to the channel of choice and channel members. The uniqueness of tourism industry is predominant position of intermediaries. The two major functions performed by the distribution system in tourism marketing are:

To extend the number of points of sales or access, away form the location at which services are performed or delivered To facilitate the purchase of service in advanceDifferent distribution strategies may be selected to reflect the companys overall objectives. The middleman may be tour operators, who buy tourism products in bulk and make them available to travel agents who are retailers. The range of tourist products, which are bought by the tour operators are airline seats, hotel accommodation, bus for local sight seeing, etc. they may also sell directly to customers. The latest mode of reaching the tourist is through Internet. Ticket booking can also be done through the Internet and payment is made with credit card.

PROMOTIONAdvertising and sales promotion in Tourism can be very effective when supplemented by publicity and personal selling. They use electronic, print all sorts of media they use; and it is highly promoted industry. Public or PR (Public Relation) plays an important role in tourism. It is also through recommendation of friends and relatives this is a biggest promotion.Creation of awareness is an important factor in the formulation of marketing mix for the tourism industry. The promotion task simplifies the activities of informing, persuading and influencing the decisions of potential tourists. The promotion mix plays a vital role as the users of service feel high degree of involvement and uncertainty about the product and their role in buying process. Some of the important aspects of promotion are advertising, publicity, sales support and public relation.Advertising and sales promotion activities in tourism can be very effective when supplemented by publicity and personal selling. Advertising messages may range from subtly attractive visual messages and symbols designed to appeal and stimulate travel desire and needs to simple sales announcements drawing attention to specific product offers.Word-of-mouth is a very important tool of promotion in tourism. Research shows that about 80% of the tourist visited different places on the persuasion of their friends and relatives and also their own judgments. Brochures are another form of communication provided by tour operators to stimulate customers and motivate them to buy. They are used to demonstrate in pictures and words the images and positioning of the product and the organizations. PEOPLE

It plays a most important part in tourism. In people local people are very important, that how they treat tourist. The travel agents, guides, staff of travel companies, sales staff, etc they are the people. Travel Company also like Railways, Air, etc. is included in people. Normally a tourist assures a tourism quality like hotels, Travel Company.The personnel who attend to the needs of the tourists form an essential ingredient in tourism marketing. The sales personnel are responsible for dealing with the customer behind the counter. The airline and transportation crew interact with customers while traveling. The resort or hotel representatives enter to the needs of the tourist when they reach the destination. The tourist guides, who interact with the customers at the tourist location, all form the people element in tourism marketing. These contract persons must be trained on interpersonal skills as well as knowledge of the product. In the tourism industry the travel agents and the travel guides are the two most important people who speak a lot about the industry. Hence it is imperative that they have to be at their best at all times. Travel guides especially, are expected to have a lot of patience, good sense of humor, tact to transform the occasional tourists into habitual ones, thorough knowledge of the places, linguistic skills etc.

PROCESSThe operation process of the tourism firm will depend on the size of the tourism firm. The sequential steps involved in the delivery of the tourist products are: Provision of travel information --- The information regarding the travel is provided at a convenient location where the potential tourist seeks clarification about his proposed tour. Preparation of itinerates ----- It is a composition of series of operations that are required to plan a tour. Liaison with providers of services --- Before any form of travel is sold over the counter to a customer; contracts have to be entered with the providers of various services including transportation companies, hotel accommodation, coaches for local sightseeing etc. Planning and costing tours ----- Once the contracts and arrangements are entered into, then the task of planning and costing the tour, this will depend on the tour selected as well as individual requirements. `Ticketing ---- The computerized reservation system has in recent years revolutionized the reservation system for both rail and air travel. Provision of foreign currency and insurance --- In case of foreign travel the final task provide foreign currency as well as insurance PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

The tourist attraction, which is an expensive for the customer must be tangibilised with the help of tangible items like, comfortable seats while traveling, layout, and design of the resort, natural service scope, etc. the sign posts that indicate directions, route maps, information regarding rules and regulations of the tourist spot and the sign regarding the public utilities like toilets, telephone booth also form a part of the physical evidence.Printed matters such as brochures also play an important role in the development of tourism. As the product, in tourism is intangible. There is a need to describe fully the product, which is done by providing an elaborate brochure, which shows how different elements of the programmes are carefully planned to include all necessary information to make holiday establishes expectation of quality value for money, product image and status, which must be matched when the product is delivered. MARKET SEGMENTATION

Holiday As A BaseDemand As A BaseGeography As A basePsychography As A baseDemography As A baseSocio-economic As A basePurpose As A baseAge As A baseMarketSegmentationTourism

Though there are a number of bases for segmentation of tourists, one of the most important is Lifestyle. Traveling decisions are fantastically influenced by changing lifestyles. They are also affected by other factors such as level of income, availability of leisure time, etc.

BASE OF SEGMENTATIONCATEGORIES

HolidayMass market

Popular market

Individual market

DemandPrimary

Secondary

Opportunity

GeographyInternational

On the basis of regions, cities, etc.

PsychographyLifestyle

Personality motive

Knowledge

DemographyAge

Sex

Religion

Socio-economicRich, Poor

Rural, Urban

Literate, Illiterate

PurposeBusiness Travel

Cultural Tourism

Common Interest Convention

AgeTeens

Youth

Seniors

Such segmentation is useful when deciding the offerings to target a particular segment. For example, The mass market consists of vacationists that travel in large groups and prefer all-inclusive tours. They are generally conservative. The popular market consists of smaller groups going on inclusive or semi-inclusive tours. This group includes pensioners and retired people. The individual market consists of chairmen, senior executives, etc. As the lifestyle changes, consumption of services might change. For example, a newly married couple might prefer romantic holidays, but once they have children they would prefer family vacations where there are plenty of activities to entertain kids. Teens and youth might prefer adventure holidays whereas senior citizens would probably prefer more relaxing vacations.

SWOT ANALYSIS OF INDIA

STRENGTHS

Indias geographical location, a culmination of deserts, forests, mountains and beaches: India is not only a vast country but also a beautiful country with world famous natural locations, which attracts lots of foreign tourist everyday. India has all types of seasons at the same time because of its tropical nature, as you will find the climate hot, humid, cold and warm all at the same time in different locations. Also its location is not very out of reach but easy to travel, as there are many modes of transport to reach here. Diversity of culture, a blend of various civilizations and their traditions:Indias diversity is its greatest strength. There is so much to explore in India. One cannot be tired of exploring its diverse culture, heritage and locations. The different languages, dialects and other religious and cultural customs and traditions are all the sources of attraction in India. WEAKNESSES Lack of adequate infrastructure:It is a major drawback. It is not the case of less money but the money is not being utilized in the right places and in the right manner. The airlines in India, for example, are inefficient and do not provide basic facilities at airports. The road condition in India is very bad. An intolerant attitude among certain sections of people:This is among the people who do not like the foreigners and their entry into the Indian Cultures as they feel that they will change the Indian Culture and attitude and replace it with foreign culture. No proper marketing of Indias tourism abroad: Foreigners still think of India as a land of snake, villages, beggars and elephants. The Indians have not made any efforts to change this image and this has proved very costly as foreigners still think of Indians as illiterates and narrow-minded OPPORTUNITIES

More proactive role from the government of India in terms of framing policies: The government is supporting India tourism industry with the recent appointment of Mrs. Renuka Chaudhary a very intelligent and practical woman who would like to develop India tourism. The Indian tourism industry should take this as an opportunity and push forward its plans. Allowing entry of more multinational companies into the country giving us a global perspective:This is going to develop and build the confidence in the minds of the foreigners who would like to explore India. Growth of domestic tourism:Indian tourism will only develop if the roots are strong. So if the Indians themselves travel around India the foreigners will feel confident to come to India. For e.g.: Thomas Cook says Travel Now Pay Latter. Affordable traveling at leisure, plenty of job opportunities. Threats Economic conditions and political turmoil in the other countries affects tourism:As a result of this people are afraid to venture outside their own homes for fear of terrorist attacks and threats to their lives. Aggressive strategies adopted by other counties like Australia, Singapore in promoting tourism:There are hardly any tourists who confidently come to India and if the other countries offer better packages and places then there is no reason why the tourists should visit India The important task is to get tourism accepted as an instrument of development and national integration. For this it is necessary to create awareness of Indias charms as a tourist paradise and simultaneously addressing the important issue of toning up infrastructure and then getting down to marketing the product in a pragmatic and result oriented manner. All segments of the tourism trade should get together ands hammer out a strategy taking into account the ground realities and demands of the future.

Major Destinations of India

India is one of the popular tourist destinations in Asia. Bounded by the Himalayan ranges in the north, and surrounded on three sides by water (the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean), with a long history and diverse culture, India offers a wide array of places to see and things to do. In 2004, foreign tourists visiting India spent 15.4 billion USD - the ninth highest in the world. India is also ranked among the top 3 adventure tourism destinations. One can expect to spend about $1,750 in 2005 dollars for a two week visit, staying in accommodations equivalent to Western ones.

DELHI

Delhi,known in India as the "Lotus Temple", the Bah' House of Worship is one of the most famous landmarks in the Delhi. Delhi, the capital of the vast, mystic subcontinent that is India. A fine blend of old and new, ancient and modern in every stream of life is the soul of Delhi. A melting pot of cultures and traditions, religions and castes Delhi is true to its democratic nature. Delhi has ruled always from the mythological days to the present, the Aravali ridges and the Yamuna river stand a mute witness to it. The rulers left behind their trade marks in the architecture. Tughlakabad fort and the Qutab Minar, the Jama Masjid and the Lotus temple, The Humayun's tomb and the Red Fort, and India Gate and the Magnificent President's house. Delhi is famous for its wide roads and crisp winters. One of the few places in India where colours of nature changes with the seasons. Kerala to Kashmir and from Gujarat to Assam all the mouth watering delicacies and shopping goods are found in Delhi. The cosmopolitan nature of the city has only added to the beauty and glory of it. Big gardens, wide roads, ancient structures, and power of politics is what Delhi is all about. AGRA

Perhaps India's best-known site is the Taj Mahal, one of the world's greatest architectural achievements. It was built between 1631 and 1653 by Emperor Shah Jahan in honor of his wife, Arjumand Banu, more popularly known as Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal serves as her tomb.One of the popular tourist circuits is called the Golden Triangle: the cities Delhi; Agra (site of the Taj Mahal); and Jaipur. Delhi is approximately 200 kilometers away from Agra, and 250 kilometers from Jaipur.India also has a large variety of protected wildlife. The country's protected wilderness consists of 75 National Parks of India and 421 Sanctuaries, of which 19 fall under the purview of Project Tiger. Its climatic and geographic diversity makes it the home of over 350 mammals and 1200 bird species, many of which are unique to the subcontinent. Some well known national wildlife sanctuaries include Corbett, Kanha, Sariska, Periyar, Ranthambore, and Bharatpur. RAJASTHAN-THE LAND OF KINGS

Rajasthan has a rich history and culture making it one of the most popular tourist destinations in India. Shown here is the Hawa Mahal in Jaipur, Rajathan.Rajasthan, the "Land of the Kings", is one of the most attractive tourist destinations in Northern India. The vast sand dunes of the Thar Desert attract millions of tourists from around the globe every year. Major visitor attractions in Rajathan include:1. Jaipur - The capital of Rajasthan, famous for its rich history and royal architecture. 2. Jodhpur, fortress-city at the edge of the Thar Desert, famous for its blue homes and architecture. 3. Jaisalmer is famous for its golden fortress.4. Barmer and surrounding areas offer perfect picture of typical Rajasthani villages. 5. Bikaner is famous for its medieval history as a trade route outpost.6. Mount Abu is also one of the world famous tourist place.

JAMMU AND KASHMIR-THE LAND OF HEAVENS The Manasbal Lake near Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir is 2000 meters above sea level.Tourist destinations in Jammu and Kashmir include:1. Srinagar 2. Jammu 3. Leh 4. Amarnath5. Vaishno Devi

Other cities of interest in Northern India include Gwalior, Khajuraho, Varanasi, Mathura, and Haridwar.

GOA

The sunny beaches of Goa attracts millions of tourists every year.Goa is another popular destination, famous for its excellent beaches, churches, and temples.Goa, a tiny emerald land on the west coast of India situated between the borders of Maharastra and Karnataka, is better known to the world at large as the former Portuguese enclave on the Indian soil. With the rule of the Portuguese for over 450 years and the consequential influence of the Latin culture, Goa presents a somewhat different picture to the foreign visitor than any other part of the country. Not only the proportion of Christians (almost all of whom are Catholics) in the total population of Goa much higher than that obtaining in most of the other States; the general way of living is also markedly different. Western influence is evident in the dress and food habits, and the general life of the people is quiet and peaceful. A striking feature of Goa is the harmonious relationship between the two principal religious communities, the Hindus and the Catholics, who have lived together peacefully for generations. ORISSA-SPIRIT OF BuddhismOrissa has been a preferred destination from ancient days for people having interest in spirituality, religion, culture, art and beauty of the nature. Ancient and medieval architecture, pristine sea beaches, nature at her beautiful best, the classical and ethnic dance forms and a variety of festivals, all in combine attract tourists from far off places to explore this state to a have a divine exposure of love and hospitality. Orissa has kept alive Buddhism and the Buddha in its ancient womb. The spirit of Buddhism still haunts the very air of Orissa. Rock-edicts that have challenged time stand huge and over-powering by the banks of the river Daya. The silent stones sing out songs of peace and non-violence. The torch of Buddhism is still ablaze in the sublime triangle at Udayagiri, Lalitgiri & Ratanagiri, on the banks of river Birupa. The surrounding hills of Langudi and Kayama stand as mute witness to the quirks and twists of history. Precious fragments of a glorious past come alive in the shape of stupas, rock-cut caves, rock-edicts, excavated monastries, viharas, chaityas and sacred relics in caskets. Rock-edicts of Ashoka are a bonus for your eyes. TAMIL NADUTamil Nadu has a rich culture and offers a wide selection of temples famed for their architectural beauty. Some of the more popular temple tour destinations include:1. Chennai - The capital of Tamil Nadu has the second longest beach in the world, the Marina Beach. 2. Madurai is known for the beautiful Meenakshi temple. 3. Rameshwaram is famous for the longest corridor in the world. 4. Kanyakumari, located at the tip of India, is at the confluence of the Bay of Bengal, Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean. Recently a massive statue of Thiruvalluvar has been installed here. 5. Kumbakonam, known for the numerous temples in the town. The Mahamaham festival is held here once in every twelve years and attracts millions of devotees to the place. 6. Tiruchirapalli known for its Akhilandeshwari temple and Rockfort temple.7. Thanjavur has the famous Brihadeeswara temple. 8. The famous hillstations Kodaikanal and Nilgiris offer the visitors a welcome relief from the usually hot climate in the state. KARNATAKAThe southern state of Karnataka offers:1. Bangalore, the IT capital of India, is also significant for its history;2. Mysore, about 140km from Bangalore, has palaces, KRS Dam, several temples, a Hindu temple atop Chamundi hills; 3. Srirangapatna, where nearby fortresses can be found (Tipu's); 4. Hampi the city of ruins (1500's when the Muslim kings destroyed the prosperous Vijayanagar empire);5. The Belur and Halebid temples are famed for their sculptural beauty; 6. Sravanabelagola has a Jain temple dedicated to king Bahubali. The statue is massive and a Maha Masthaka Abhishekham performed one every year, attracts a huge number of pilgrims;7. Sringeri, located in the western ghats, has a wonderful temple dedicated to Sarada devi; 8. The Western Ghats offer many other places of exceptional beauty like Agumbe, Horanadu etc.; 9. Madikeri, Kodagu, Talakaveri, Kemmanagundi all places of immense natural beauty.

KERALA-GOD'S OWN COUNTRY

Kerala, nicknamed as "God's own country", is one of the most beautiful states in Southern India. Shown here is Munnar, in Kerala.Kerala is an evergreen lush state, tucked away in the southern corner of India. It is one of the most haunted visits of tourists in India. The state has its own tourism brand name - "God's Own Country", which has super-brand status. Kerala is famous for its backwaters and lagoons. Kerala is also known for its Ayurveda. The state was nicked as one of the "10 paradises of the world" by the National Geographic traveller. The government of Kerala offers tourism packages related to Ayurveda also. The major attractions in Kerala include:1. Backwaters, lagoons, tropical beaches and spice farms. 2. Hill stations at Thekady and Munnar 3. Enchanting waterfalls at Athirapilly and Vazhachal 4. An exquisite flora and fauna at its wildlife santuries. 5. Its historical monuments. 6. The housboats of Alapuzha.

MAHARASHTRA

Maharashtra with its diverse geographical features provides a range of tourist centres. The state has a 720-km coastline dotted by rugs standing as mute witnesses down the ages to the march of warrior kings, foreign trading vessels and invaders from across the seas.The beauty of Maharashtra is in its forts, caves and temples, so much so that it is called 'Dagd-Ancha Desh', meaning the Land of Rocks. It has a lot to offer to a visitor, its features are such that any tourist will definitely find something of his interest from among its beaches, forts, caves, temples, cities, wildlife sanctuaries, bird sanctuaries etc. The intricately carved caves of Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta highlight the Indian heritage and the spellbinding Indian Culture. Religious places like Pandharpur, Nashik, Shirdi, Trimbakeshwar, Tuljapur, Ganapatipule, Bhimashankar etc are a refreshing experience and make a fascinating whole.Mumbai, the capital, can well claim to be (after Kolkata) the second cultural centre of India. Also known as the First city of India, it is one of the world's truly great cosmopolitan metropolises. Being the economic powerhouse of India Mumbai is the most affluent and industrialized city in the country today. Its tradition of glamour and showbiz makes it the city of dreams. Lively and pulsating, Mumbai is India's answer to Hollywood, producing more films each year than any other county in the world. It is also the centre of a healthy theatre culture.

Madhya Pradesh-"Heart of India"Madhya Pradesh is called the "Heart of India" only because of its location in the centre of the country. It has been home to the cultural heritage of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism and Islam. Innumerable monuments, exquisitely carved temples, stupas, forts and palaces are dotted all over the State. Madhya Pradesh is also known as Tiger State because of tiger population in MP (Madhya Pradesh). Many Famous national parks like Kanha, Banthavgadh and Pench are located in MP. The natural beauty of Madhya Pradesh is equally varied. Consisting largely of a plateau, the State has everything. Spectacular mountain ranges, meandering rivers and miles and miles of dense forests offering a unique and exciting panorama of wildlife in sylvan surroundings. SikkimOriginally known as Suk-Heem, which in the local language means "peaceful home", Sikkim was an independent kingdom till the year 1974, when it became a part of the Republic Of India. The capital of Sikkim is Gangtok, located approximately 185 kilometers from New Jalpaiguri, the nearest railway station to Sikkim. Although, an airport is under construction at Dekiling in East Sikkim, the nearest airport to Sikkim would be Bagdogra. Sikkim is considered as the land of Orchids and mystic cultures and colorful traditions. Sikkim is well known among trekkers and adventure lovers, as West Sikkim has a lot to give them. Places near Sikkim include Darjeeling also known as the Queen of hills and Kalimpong. Darjeeling, other than its world famous "Darjeeling tea" is also famous for its refined "Prep schools" founded during the British Raj. Kalimpong is also famous for its Flora cultivation and is home to many internationally known Nurseries. UttaranchalUttaranchal is the 27th state of the Republic of India. Blessed with magnificent glaciers, majestic snow-clad mountains, gigantic and ecstatic peaks, valley of flowers, skiing slopes and dense forests, this Abode of Gods includes many shrines and places of pilgrimage. Char-dhams, the four most sacred and revered Hindu temples: Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri and Yamunotri are nestled in the Mighty Himalayas. Haridwar which means Gateway to God is the only place on the plains.A picturesque state, with a breathtaking panoramic view of Himalayas, Uttarakhand promises its tourists a visit full of fun and unforgettable moments. It contains the most fascinating and beautiful part of the Himalayas and provide watershed for Gangetic River System spanning 300Km from Satluj in the west to Kali river in the east. Nanda Devi (25640 Ft) is the second highest peak in India after Kanchenjunga (28160 Ft). Dunagiri, Neelkanth, Chukhamba, Panchachuli, Trisul are other peaks above 23000 Ft. It is considered abode of Devtas, Yakashyas, Kinners, Fairies and Sages. They all are present here on glittering peaks, roaring rivers, beautiful hills slopes and valleys in one or another form.It boasts of some old hill-stations developed during British era like Mussoorie, Almora and Nainital. Uttar PradeshSituated in the northern part of India, Uttar Pradesh is important with its wealth of monuments and religious fervor. Geographically, Uttar Pradesh is very diverse, with Himalayan foothills in the extreme north, the Gangetic Plain in the centre, and the Vindhya Mountain Range towards the South. It is also home of India's most visited site, the Taj Mahal, and Hinduism's holiest city, Varanasi. The most populous state of the Indian Union also has a rich cultural heritage, and at the heart of North India, Uttar Pradesh has much to offer.Places of interest include Varanasi, Agra, Mathura, Jhansi, Prayag, Sarnath, Ayodhya, Dudhwa National Park and Fatehpur Sikri. West BengalKolkata, one of the many cities in the state of West Bengal has been nicknamed the City of Palaces. This comes from the numerous palatial mansions built all over the city. Unlike many north Indian cities, whose construction stresses minimalism, the layout of much of the architectural variety in Kolkata owes its origins to European styles and tastes imported by the British and, to a much lesser extent, the Portuguese and French. The buildings were designed and inspired by the tastes of the English gentleman around and the aspiring Bengali Babu (literally, a nouveau riche Bengali who aspired to cultivation of English etiquette, manners and custom, as such practices were favourable to monetary gains from the British). Today, many of these structures are in various stages of decay. Some of the major buildings of this period are well maintained and several buildings have been declared as heritage structures.THE PRESENT SCENARIO OF INDIAN

FUTURE POTENTIAL

Chapter III: Research Methodology

Research Objective: Study the Consumer Behavior With regards to Travel And Tourism in India .Research Problem: How Modernize is Travelling Habits of the people ?Sampling Size: 10 Sampling techniques: Through Questionnaire

The Survey was conducted over a period of a month June (3-4days) . In which, I went to tourists places of Delhi like Qutab minar,India gate etc.Tourist Coming from different countries and made them aware of the survey, provided them with the questionnaire and helped them in filling it.The information which was seek from them was to predict how modernize their way of travelling is. They were asked, How often they travel? For How long? Where they travel to? With whom? Objective of their travel. How they plan their Trip? Where do they stay? Have much familiar they are with online travel assistance options ? How they like to travel more? Is India is a favourable destination? All these information was seeked in form of following questionnaire:

Questionnaire

Please go through the following questionnaire and identify the appropriate responses for each of them. There is no such thing as a correct answer, therefore feel free to respond unprohibitively Disclaimer: Your response via this questionnaire will be used strictly for academic purposes. There will not be any commercial solicitation or usage of the response in any kind / form whatsoever.

Personal InformationName: Gender: Occupation:E-mail id: Country:

1. How often do you travel outstation? Once in a Year Once in 6 Months Once in 3 Months Every Month Every Week 2. How do you Plan your Trip? By Yourself Through a Travel Agent3. What is most common type purpose of your travel? Family Vacation Adventures Business Spiritual Religious4. What mode of transportation do you opt ? Rate them on the basis of your preference (most preferred at the top, Least preferred at the bottom )Car, Bus, Train , Airplane, Ship 1. 5.2.3.4. 5.Where do you go most often ? Hill Stations Beaches Deserts Historically Significant places Commercially Busy cities6. Do you travel internationally or domestically? International Domestic Both

How many times you travel........................ 7. With whom, Do you travel most often? Family Friends Colleagues Alone8. Where do you like to stay ? Expensive Hotels Economy Hotels Resorts

9.What is generally the length of the trip ? 1-2 days 3-5 days A week A fortnight A month

10. Do you think India is favourable destination for the tourist?

Yes No

11. How many places you have visited till now in India (name them)?

Ans:___________________________12. Have you used any online travelling website? If Yes, how often? none sometimes often every time when I plan a travel NO13. What are the problems faced by you during travelling to India?Ans:________________________________14. Which place you like the most? ( From places you have visited )Ans:________________________________15. Is India has lots of heritage Sites? Yes No16. India Is rich in culture? Yes No17. Is India has beautiful natural environment ? Yes No18. Does India have attractive destinations? Yes NO

Chapter IV: DataReduction,Presentation & Analysis

With data available various analysis where done in order to study travelling behavior of the sample.

1. To start with Age Group.

The Sample was made of 47% people falling in the age group of 20-25 years. Next trailing Age group was below 20 years with 33 % of contribution. Age group of 25-30 and Above 30 years had contribution of 17% and 3% respectively.

2. Sex Ratio

57 of respondents where Male rest were Females .

3. Occupation

72 % of respondents where student pursuing different courses of graduation level . where a 15 % where engaged in service . Followed by 11 % engaged in Business while rest two percent were Housewives .4. No . of Trips

As above data signifies , 36 % went out of their daily environment only once in year . 21 % went out every month while 20 % went once in 6 months. 13 % went once in 3 months but only 10 % went every week.

5.Planning

When it comes to planning your Trip 69 % liked to plan their trip all by themselves where as 31 % rendered the service of Travel agents .

6. Purpose

When asked about the purpose of the Trips they make , 57% answered that its mostly Family vacation . Other 18% said that its Adventure while 18% said that they do it for Business point of view. While 5 % and 6% people defined their purpose as Spiritual and religious.

7. Mode of Transportation

People prefer Train over all the others followed by Car, Airplane, Bus and at the last Ship.

8. Destination

50 % people commented that their preferred and most destination is Hill Station . for 24 % people its Commercially busy places, for 13% its Deserts. While for 8% and 5% its His