summer training project on telecom sector

8/9/2019 summer training project on telecom sector

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INTRODUCTION

Comparative research is simply the act of comparing two or more things with a view

to discovering something about one or all of the things being compared. This

technique is often utilizes multiple disciplines in one study. When it comes to method,

the majority agreement is that there is no methodology peculiar to comparative

research. The multi disciplinary approach is good for the flexibility it offers, yet

comparative programs do have a case to answer against the call that their research

lacs a !seamless whole. There are certainly methods far more common than others in

comparative studies, however. "uantitative analysis is much more frequently perused

than qualitative, and this is seen in the majority of comparative studies can be use

quantitative data. The general method of comparing things is the same for

comparative research as it is in our everyday practice of comparisons. #ie cases are

treated alie, and cases are treated differently$ the extent of difference determines how

differently cases are treated. The point here is that if one is able to sufficiently

distinguish two cases, comparative research conclusions will not be very helpful.

%econdary analysis of quantitative data is relatively widespread in comparative

research, undoubtedly in part because of the cost of obtaining primary data for such

large things as a country&s policy environment. ' typical method of comparing

welfare state is to tae balance their levels of spending on social welfare. we all now

in the changing environment corporate ha also changing their strategy for staying in

the maret and always with the external environment lie government and telecom

regulatory authority of (ndia. )ut in this project ( am totally focused on secondary

CHAPTER ONE


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data. (t is just an external analysis of life time plans of *odafone 'irtel and some other

telecom sector. as we all now the secondary data is totally based on internet

information, news paper cutting, ,comments etc. +rganization always tries to maintain

the comparative edge between the competitors. 'nd some external factor where also

active for different region here organization has always copeup with the situation. (n

line with how a lot of theorizing has gone in the last century, comparative research

does not tend to investigate -grand theories& such as arxism. (t instead occupies

itself with middlerange theories / theories that do not purport to describe our social

system in its entirely, but a subset of it. ' good example of this is the common

research programs that loos for differences between two or more social systems, then

loo at these differences in relation to some other variable coexisting in those

societies to see if it is related. The classic cases of this is 0sping'nderson&s research

on social welfare systems, and compared them based on there levels of deco

modification of social welfare goods. 1e found that he was able to class welfare states

in four types, based on their deco modification. %he further theorized from this that

deco modification was based on a combination of class collisions and mobilization,

and regime legacy. 1ere 0sping'nderson is using comparative research2 he taes

many western countries and compared their level of deco modification, then develops

a theory of the divergence based on his findings. Comparative research is a

methodology in the social sciences that aims to mae comparisons across different

countries and cultures. ' major problem in comparative research is that the data sets

in different countries may not use the same categories, or define categories different.

' project is a scientific and systematic study of real issues on a problem with the

application of management concept and sills. The study can deal with small or big

issues in any division of an organization. (t can be case study where a problem has


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been dealt with, through the process of management. The essential equipment of a

project this that, it should contain scientific collection of data, analysis and

interpretation of data .Winter projects an essential part in '3'4003T

curriculum. (t enables the student to share the real experience in industry. y

management has assigned me to do a winter project based on secondary data. The

topic has assigned to me !the comparative analysis of life time plans of telecom sector

5airtel and vodafone6. (t is very difficult to analyze the life time plans of each and

every telecom company. +r comparative analysis of each and every state life time

plan of telecom sector. so that&s why ( have concentrated only on aharashtra sector.

we all now in the changing environment corporate ha also changing their strategy for

staying in the maret and always try to maintain the comparative edge between the

competitor. and some external factor where also active for different different region

here organization has always cope with the external environment lie government and

telecom regulatory authority of india. but in this project ( am totally focused on

secondary data. (t is just an external analysis of life time plans of *odafone airtel and

some other telecom sector. as we all now the secondary data is totally based on

internet information,news paper cutting, ,comments etc.

Telecom (ndustry in (ndia

The telecom industry is one of the fastest growing industries in (ndia. (ndia has nearly

788 million telephone lines maing it the third largest networ in the world after

China and 9%'. With a growth rate of :;


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China is the biggest maret in 'sia =acific with a subscriber base of :>< of the total

subscribers in 'sia =acific. Compared to that (ndia &s share in 'sia =acific obile

=hone.aret is ?.:;A Birst operational land lines were laid by the government near Calcutta 5seat of

)ritish power6

A>>A Telephone service introduced in (ndia.

A>> erger with the postal system.

AD7 Bormation of (ndian Eadio Telegraph Company 5(ET6.

AD7 erger of 0TC and (ET into the (ndian Eadio and Cable Communication

Company 5(ECC6.

AD:F 3ationalization of all foreign telecommunication companies to form the

=osts, Telephone and Telegraph 5=TT6, a monopoly run by the governmentGs

inistry of Communications.

AD>; Hepartment of Telecommunications 5H+T6 established an exclusive provider

of domestic and longdistance service that would be its own regulator .

AD>? Conversion of H+T into two wholly governmentowned companies2 the

*idesh %anchar 3igam #imited 5*%3#6 for international telecommunications

and ahanagar Telephone 3igam #imited 5T3#6 for service in

metropolitan areas.

ADDF Telecom Eegulatory 'uthority of (ndia created.ADDD Cellular %ervices are launched in (ndia. 3ew 3ational Telecom =olicy is

adopted.

1istory of (ndian Telecommunications

%tarted in A>;A when the first operational land lines were laid by the government near

Calcutta5seat of )ritish power6. Telephone services were introduced in (ndia in A>>A.

(nA>> telephone services were merged with the postal system. (ndian Eadio


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Telegraph Company 5(ET6 was formed in AD7. 'fter independence in AD:F, all the

foreign telecommunication companies were nationalized to form the =osts, Telephone

and Telegraph 5=TT6, a monopoly run by the governmentGs inistry of

Communications. Telecom sector was considered as a strategic service and the

government considered it best to bring under stateGs control.The first wind of reforms

in telecommunications sector began to flow in AD>8s when the private sector was

allowed in telecommunications equipment manufacturing. (n AD>;, Hepartment of

Telecommunications 5H+T6 was established. (t was an exclusive provider of domestic

and long distance service that would be its own regulator 5separate from the postal

system6. (n AD>?, two wholly governmentowned companies were created2 the *idesh

%anchar 3igam #imited 5*%3#6 for international telecommunications and ahanagar

Telephone 3igam #imited 5T3#6 for service in metropolitan areas.(n ADD8s,

telecommunications sector benefited from the general opening up of the economy.

'lso, examples of telecom revolution in many other countries, which resulted in

better quality of service and lower tariffs, led (ndian policy maers to initiate a change

process finally resulting in opening up of telecom services sector for the private

sector.3ational Telecom =olicy 53T=6 ADD: was the first attempt to give a

comprehensive roadmap for the (ndian telecommunications sector. (n ADDF, Telecom

Eegulatory'uthority of (ndia 5TE'(6 was created. TE'( was formed to act as a

regulator to facilitate the growth of the telecom sector. 3ew 3ational Telecom =olicy

was adopted in ADDD and cellular services were also launched in the same

year.Telecommunication sector in (ndia can be divided into two segments2 Bixed

%ervice =rovider 5B%=s6, and Cellular %ervices. Bixed line services consist of basic

services, national or domestic long distance and international long distance services.

The state operators 5)%3# and T3#6, account for almost D8 per cent of


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revenues from basic services. =rivate sector services are presently available in

selective urban areas, and collectively account for less than ; per cent of

subscriptions. 1owever, private services focus on the businessIcorporate sector, and

offer reliable, high end services, such as leased lines, (%H3, closed user group and

videoconferencing.

Cellular services can be further divided into two categories2 4lobal %ystem for obile

Communications 54%6 and Code Hivision ultiple 'ccess 5CH'6. The 4%

sector is dominated by 'irtel, *odfone1utch, and (dea Cellular, while the CH'

sector is dominated by Eeliance and Tata (ndicom. +pening up of international and

domestic long distance telephony services are the major growth drivers for cellular

industry. Cellular operators get substantial revenue from these services, and

compensate them for reduction in tariffs on airtime, which along with rental was the

main source of revenue. The reduction in tariffs for airtime, national long distance,

international long distance, and handset prices has driven demand.

+9E ='ET30E%

(H0' welcomes all businesses and individuals interested in partnering with us to

enhance and strengthen the (H0' products J services portfolio.

To explore such potential partnerships, indly get in touch with us by submitting the


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%tarhome

)harti Telesoft

'EK0T(34

C+93(C'T(+3%

#owe (ndia =vt #td

(nsight edia #td

=9)#(C E0#'T(+3%

'dBactors =E

30TW+EK

3oia %iemens

0ricsson

+ur =romoters

The 'ditya )irla 4roup is (ndiaGs first truly multinational corporation. 4lobal in

vision, rooted in (ndian values, the 4roup is driven by a performance ethic pegged on

value creation for its multiple staeholders. (ts ?? stateoftheart manufacturing units

and sectoral services span (ndia, Thailand, (ndonesia, alaysia, =hilippines, 0gypt,
http://www.ericsson.com/in/http://www.siemens.com/http://www.nokia.co.in/http://www.insight.com/site/index.cfmhttp://www.loweworldwide.com/http://www.bhartitelesoft.com/http://www.starhome.com/


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Canada, 'ustralia and China.' 9%L ?.F billion conglomerate, with a maret

capitalisation of 9%L F billion, it is anchored by an extraordinary force of F7,888

employees belonging to over 78 different nationalities. +ver 8 per cent of its

revenues flow from its operations across the world.' premium conglomerate, the

'ditya )irla 4roup is a dominant player in all of the sectors in which it operates.

%uch as viscose staple fiber, nonferrous metals, cement, viscose filament yarn,

branded apparel, carbon blac, chemicals, fertilizers, sponge iron, insulators and

financial services.The 4roup has also made successful forays into the (T and )=+

sectors.Currently around ;F percent of our 0quity %hares are held by our =romoters

who are companies belonging to the 'ditya )irla 4roup.

+ur =romoters are

A. 'ditya )irla 3uvo #imited

7. 4rasim (ndustries #imited

. 1indalco (ndustries #imited and

:. )irla TT 1oldings =rivate #imited.

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T0#0 %0E*(C0%

C+E0 )0#(0B% The company continuously harnesses the power of wireless

revolution to provide worldclass products and services. (t aims at responding to

customer needs proactively by anticipating requirements and providing ready

solutions.(dea Cellular draws inspiration from the loyalty of its subscribers to eep

raising the bar, to shape the future, and to change and enrich the life of each and every

member of its evergrowing family of subscribers.

(H0' C0##9#'E (%%(+3

(nnovate. %timulate. #iberate...

Through continuous innovation, (dea Cellular sees to liberate customers from the

shacles of time and space.

*(%(+3


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To achieve objectives of growth and profitability by cellular telephony a common

means of personal communication and a fact everyday life in our marets we will do

so by providing high quality wide range cellular services, which is easy to use,

offered at a fair price and supported by exceptional customer service organizational

structure.

(f not, the money for this deal could also be raised through the initial public offer

5(=+6 route or through additional debt, which would father i9=50'%T6ease the debt

burden. +n Man A;th, (dea issued a press release saying they had completed !the

largest acquisition in the wireless industryP. The transaction includes six telecom

circlesQthe existing three circles of 0scotel and the three licenses obtained by

0scorts at the time of auctions of forth operator licenses. 0scorts has more than

A;,7;,888 subscribers. H%= errill #ynch have been advisors to (dea cellular. The

newly acquired circles represent an addition to (dea&s existing footprints with all,

except Kerala, being contiguous to (dea&s existing operation.(dea will have

incumbency advantage in as many as seven circles,which would entitle the company

to an additional 7< reduction in license fees for four years from 'pril A,788F which

has been granted only to the incumbent first and second operators in non metro

circle.The 3unda&s hold ;A< of 0scotel, while the balance :D< is held by Birst

=acific. Birst =acific had decided to exit (ndia two years ago and had been waiting for

the right buyer to come along with the right price. (t is learnt that hied its offer in the

last few days. The deal maes great sense for (dea because it is not an operator in any

of the circles in which 0scotel provides service. )harti, on the other hand, offers

service in all the circles where 0scotel operates, as the fourth operator. The deal is the

major setbac for )harti as %unil ittal, chairman of )harti 4roup, was also buying

0scotel.)harti lost in a bid war with (dea cellular for 0scotel as they had bid


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significantly lower as they were already present in all those circles of which 0scotel is

a part. (n the absence of intra circle merger guidelines, it was difficult for )harti to

evaluate 0scotel fully. )harti operates on A>88 1z. The cost of operation is higher

at this frequency. %o it made sense for )harti to acquire 0scotel and gain access to the

frequency in D88 1z band that 0scotel operates on.

%=0C('# %0E*(C0% )@ (H0'5after services provided by (H0'6

A. Call forwarding with the help of services you can divert your incoming calls

to any number to the cellular or =JT.

7. Calls waitingI calls hold this facility let you handle two calls at the same time.

@ou can put one call on hold while you attend another incoming call. 'lso put

your current call on hold while mae an outgoing call. @ou can switch

between calls as often as often as you want J terminate any when you want.

. Calling #ine (dentification =resentation 5C#(=6 the C#(= facility

automatically display you caller&s number, letting you decide whether you

want to tae the call or not.

:. Call conference this facility converts your mobile 93 to a conference room

by connecting you many people simultaneously whether they are on a cellular

or a =JT line.

;. Call barring, it allows you to prevent certain type of calls being made from

your handsets.

?. *oice ail %ervice, this services let you receive J store messages even when

your handsets.


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F. Eoming facility (dea provides you roaming facility in any part of the country

i.e. you can use (dea cellular phone of (ndia.

>. Turant T''E bid good by phones, letters, telegrams, faxes J even emails

the new facility adding by the organization is TurantTar the mobile to mobile

messaging service that can allow you to send text messages to the mobile

phones or your business associates instantly anywhere in the world without

incurring %TH or (%H charges.

T0#0C+ 1(%T+E@

A>:72 Wireless by conduction

A>:2 0arly electromagnetic research, wireless by induction

A>?;2 (nduction and Hr. #oomis

0arly radio discoveries

A>FD2 H.0. 1ughes and the first radiotelephone reception

A>>82 The photophone and the first voice radiotelephone call

A>>8 AD882 Eadio development begins in earnest

ADA82 The first cartelephone

AD7:2 The first carmounted radiotelephone

ADF2 0arly conventional radiotelephone development

The modern era begins


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The Key players in the Telecom aret in (ndia

Cellular %ervice provider2

A. )%3#7. 'irtel. (dea:. Eeliance;. *odafone?. Tata indicomF. 'ircel>. %piceD. T3#

INTRODUCTION

AIRTEL

!)harti 'irtelP formerly nown as )harti Tele*entures #imited 5)T*#6 is among

(ndiaGs largest mobile phone and Bixed 3etwor operators. With more than ?8 million

subscriptions as of Ath Bebruary 788>.R7S (t offers its mobile services under the

'irtel brand and is headed by %unil ittal. The company also provides telephone

services and (nternet access over H%# in A: circles. The company complements its

mobile, broadband J telephone services with national and international long distance

services.

The company also has a submarine cable landing station at Chennai, which connects

the submarine cable connecting Chennai and %ingapore. The company provides

reliable endtoend data and enterprise services to the corporate customers by

leveraging its nationwide fiber optic bacbone, last mile connectivity in fixedline and


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mobile circles, *%'Ts, (%= and international bandwidth access through the gateways

and landing station.

'irtel is the largest cellular service provider in (ndia in terms of number of

subscribers. )harti 'irtel owns the 'irtel brand and provides the following services

under the brand name 'irtel2 obile %ervices 5using 4% Technology6, )roadband

J Telephone %ervices 5Bixed line, (nternet Connectivity5H%#6 and #eased #ine6,

#ong Histance %ervices and 0nterprise %ervices 5Telecommunications Consulting for

corporates6. #eading international telecommunication companies such as *odafone

and %ingTel held partial staes in )harti 'irtel. (n 'pril 788? )harti 4lobal #imited

was awarded a telecommunications license in Mersy in the Channel (slands by the

local telecommunications regulator the MCE'.

(n %eptember 788? the +ffice of 9tility Eegulation in 4uernsey awarded 4uernsey

'irtel with a mobile telecommunications license. (n ay 788F Mersey 'irtel and

4uernsey 'irtel announced the launch of a relationship with *odafone for island

mobile subscribers. (n Muly 788F, )harti 'irtel signed an o9 with 3oia%iemens

for a D88 million dollar expansion of its mobile and fixed networ.RS (n 'ugust 788F,

the company announced it will be launching a customized version of 4oogle search

engine that will provide an Garray of servicesG to its broadband customers

INTRODUCTION

IDEA

's (ndiaGs leading 4% obile %ervices operator, (H0' Cellular has licenses to

operate in AA circles. With a customer base of over AF million, (H0' Cellular has

operations in Helhi,aharashtra, 4oa, 4ujarat, 'ndhra =radesh, adhya =radesh,

Chhattisgarh,9ttaranchal, 1aryana, 9=West, 1imachal =radesh and Kerala. (H0'


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CellularGs footprint Currently covers approximately :;< of (ndiaGs population and

over ;8< of the potential Telecommaret.

's a leader in *alue 'dded %ervices, (nnovation is central to (H0'Gs *'% Bactory. (t

is the first cellular company to launch music messaging with GCellular MoceyG,

G)acground TonesG, G4roup TalG, a voice portal with G%ay (H0'G and a complete suite

of obile 0mail %ervices. (dea Cellular is a wireless telephony company operating in

various states in (ndia. (t initially started in ADD; as a join venture between the Tatas,

'ditya )irla 4roup and 'TJT by merging Tata Cellular and )irla 'TJT

Communications.

(nitially having a very limited footprint in the 4% arena, the acquisition of 0scotel

in 788: gave (dea a truly pan(ndia presence covering aharashtra 5excluding

umbai6, 4oa, 4ujarat, 'ndhra =radesh, adhya =radesh, Chattisgarh, 9ttar =radesh

50ast and West6, 1aryana, Kerala, Eajasthan and Helhi 5inclusive of 3CE6.

The company has its retail outlets under the (dea nG 9 banner. The company has also

been the first to offer flexible tariff plans for prepaid customers. (t also offers 4=E%

services in urban areas.

1olding

(nitially the )irla&s, the Tata&s and 'TJT Wireless each held onethird equity in the

company. )ut following 'TJT WirelessG merger with Cingular Wireless in 788:,

Cingular decided to sell its 7.D< stae in (dea. This stae was bought by both the

Tatas and )irlas at A?.:;< each.TataGs foray into the cellular maret with its own

subsidiary, Tata (ndicom, a CH' basedmobile provider, cropped differences

between the Tata&s and the )irla&s. This dual holding by the Tatas also became a major

reason for the delay in (dea being granted a license to operate in umbai. This was

because as per Hepartment of Telecom 5H+T6 license norms, one promoter could not


19/73

have more than A8< stae in two companies operating in the same circle and Tata

(ndicom was already operating in umbai when (dea filed for its license. The )irlas

thus approached the H+T and sought its intervention, and the Tatas replied by saying

that they would exit (dea but only for a good price. +n 'pril A8, 788?, the 'ditya

)irla 4roup announced its acquisition of the :>.A>< stae held by the Tatas at Es.

:8.;A a share amounting to Es. ::.8? billion. While A;< of the :>.A:< stae was

acquired by 'ditya )irla 3uvo, a company incharge of the )irlasG new business

initiatives, the remaining stae was acquired by )irla TT holdings =rivate #td., an

'* )irla family owned company.Currently, )irla 4roup holds D>.< of the total

shares of t

company. (dea has successfully launched more new circles 5states6 in (ndia viz.

Eajasthan, 1imachal =radesh and 9= 50ast6 to mae itself a pan(ndia player.

Eecently, (dea got licenses to operate in umbai J )ihar.

(3TE+H9CT(+3

E0#('3C0

!' HE0' C+0 TE90P

The #ate Hhirubhai 'mbani dreamt of a digital (ndia Q an (ndia where the common

man would have access to affordable means of information and communication.

Hhirubhai, who singlehandedly built (ndia&s largest private sector company virtually

from scratch, had stated as early as ADDD2 !ae the tools of information and

communication available to people at an affordable cost. They will overcome the

handicaps of illiteracy and lac of mobility.P (t was with this belief in mind that

Eeliance Communications 5formerly Eeliance (nfocomm6 started laying ?8,888 route

ilometres of a pan(ndia fibre optic bacbone.


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This bacbone was commissioned on 7> Hecember 7887, the auspicious occasion of

Hhirubhai&s F8th birthday, though sadly after his unexpected demise on ? Muly 7887.

Eeliance Communications has a reliable, highcapacity, integrated 5both wireless and

wireline6 and convergent 5voice, data and video6 digital networ. (t is capable of

delivering a range of services spanning the entire infocomm 5information and

communication6 value chain, including infrastructure and services Q for enterprises

as well as individuals, applications, and consulting.

Today, Eeliance Communications is revolutionising the way (ndia communicates and

networs, truly bringing about a new way of life.Eeliance Communications 5formerly

Eeliance (nfocomm6, along with Eeliance Telecom and Blag Telecom, is part of

Eeliance Communications *entures 5ECo*#6. 'ccording to 3ational %toc 0xchange

data, 'nil 'mbani controls ??.F; per cent of the company, which accounts for more

than A.? billion shares of the company.RASEeliance (nfocomm is an (ndian

telecommunications company. (t is the flagship company of the Eeliance 'nil

Hhirubhai 'mbani 4roup, comprising of power 5Eeliance 0nergy6, financial services

5Eeliance Capital6 and telecom initiatives of the Eeliance 'H' 4roup. Eeliance

(nfocomm is currently managed by 'nil Hhirubhai 'mbani.(t uses CH'7888 Ax

technology

1(%T+E@

Eeliance (nfocomm was founded by Hhirubhai 'mbani. )etween ADDD to 7887

Eeliance (nfocomm built ?8,888 m of fibre optic bacbone in (ndia. This networ

was commissioned on Hecember 7>, 7887.

B++T=E(3T

't present, Eeliance TelecomGs 4% cellular services are available in :8 towns

within its eightcircle footprint. EelianceGs CH' services are available in AD states


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and cover about ?;< of the country, state wise. Eeliance (nfocomm also offered for

the first time in (ndia, mobile data services through its EWorld mobile portal. This

portal leverages the data capability of the CH' AU networ.

)9%(30%% E0*(0W

Huring the twelve months ended arch A, 788F, revenues of the Wireless business

increased by :?< to Es. A8,F7> crore 59%L 7,:>D million6 from Es. F,?: crore 59%L

A,F8D million6.

Wireless 0)(TH' increased to Es. ,D>: crore 59%L D7: million6 from Es. 7,7;8

crore 59%L ;77 million6. argins expanded to F< from A


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T'T' T0#0%0E*(C0%

Tata Teleservices #imited 5TT%#6 is part of the Tata 4roup of Companies, an (ndian

Conglomerate. (t runs the brand name Tata (ndicom in (ndia in various telecom circles

of (ndia. The company forms part of the Tata 4roupGs presence in the

Telecommunication (ndustry in (ndia, along with Tata Teleservices 5aharashtra6

#imited 5TT#6 and *%3#. TT%# was incorporated in ADD; and was the first

company to offer CH' obile services in (ndia, specifically in the state of 'ndhra

=radesh.

(n Hecember 7887, the company acquired the erstwhile 1ughes Telecom 5(ndia6

#td.which was renamed Tata Teleservices 5aharashtra6 #imited. (n %eptember 788F,

Tata (ndicom launched the Tal World plan, an (nternational #ong Histance =lan.Tata

is the direct competitor with Eeliance, both CH' operators in (ndia. The company

provides unified telecommunication solutions including mobile, fixed wireless, fixed

line

and broadband. +ther competitors are *odafone, 'irtel, 'ircel, (dea, T3#, )%3#

providing 4% based mobile telephony. The company was first in (ndia to provide

free intra networ calling within city limits. They launched a unique scheme

providing lifetime rental free connectivity on its mobile and fixed wireless for a one

time charge. Tata Teleservices is part of the (3E Es. AAD888 Crore 59%L 7D billion6

Tata 4roup, that has over >F companies, over 7;8,888 employees and more than 7.>

million shareholders. With a committed investment of (3E ?,888 Crore 59%L F.;

billion6 in Telecom 5B@ 788?6, the 4roup has a formidable presence across the

telecom value chain.


23/73

Tata Teleservices spearheads the 4roup&s presence in the telecom sector. (ncorporated

in ADD?, Tata Teleservices was the first to launch CH' mobile services in (ndia with

the 'ndhra =radesh circle. %tarting with the major acquisition of 1ughes Tele.com

5(ndia6 #imited Rnow renamed Tata Teleservices 5aharashtra6 #imitedS in Hecember

7887 the company swung into an expansion mode. With the total (nvestment of Es

AD,D7: Crore, Tata Teleservices has

created a =an (ndia presence spread across 78 circles that includes 'ndhra =radesh,

Chennai, 4ujarat, Karnataa, Helhi, aharashtra, umbai, Tamil 3adu, +rissa,

)ihar, Eajasthan, =unjab, 1aryana, 1imachal =radesh, 9ttar =radesh 506, 9ttar

=radesh 5W6, Kerala, Kolata, adhya =radesh and West )engal. 1aving pioneered

the CH' 4Ax technology platform in (ndia, Tata Teleservices has established a

robust and reliable 4 ready telecom infrastructure that ensures quality in its services.

(t has partnered with otorola, 0ricsson, #ucent and 0C( Telecom for the deployment

of a reliable, technologically advanced networ. The company, which heralded

convergence technologies in the (ndian telecom sector, is today the maret leader in

the fixed wireless telephony maret with a total customer base of over .> million.

Tata Teleservices& bouquet of telephony services includes obile services, Wireless

Hestop =hones, =ublic )ooth Telephony and Wireline services. +ther services

include value added services lie voice portal, roaming, postpaid (nternet services,

way conferencing, group calling, WiBi (nternet, 9%) odem, data cards, calling

card services and enterprise services. %ome of the other products launched by the

company include prepaid wireless destop phones, public phone booths, new mobile

handsets and new voice J data services such as )E0W games, *oice =ortal, picture

messaging, polyphonic ring tones, interactive applications lie news, cricet,

astrology, etc. Tata (ndicom redefined the existing prepaid mobile maret in (ndia, by


24/73

unveiling their offering / Tata (ndicom -3on %top obile& which allows customers to

receive free incoming calls. Tata Teleservices today has (ndia&s largest branded

telecom retail chain and is the first service provider in the country to offer an online

channel www.ichoose.into offer postpaid mobile connections in the country.

Tata Teleservices has a strong worforce of ?888. (n addition, TT%# has created more

than 78,888 jobs, which will include A8,888 indirect jobs through outsourcing of its

manpower needs.

Today, Tata Teleservices #imited along with Tata Teleservices 5aharashtra6 #imited

serves over 7A million customers in over :888 towns. With an ambitious rollout plan

both within existing circles and across new circles, Tata Teleservices offers world

class technology and userfriendly services in 78 circles.
http://www.ichoose.in/http://www.ichoose.in/


25/73


26/73

wining customerGs confidence. Today, it has about :F. million line basic telephone

capacity, : million W## capacity, 78.A illion 4% Capacity, more than F>7 fixed

exchanges, A>888 )T%, 7>F %atellite %tations, :>8AD? Em of +BC Cable, ?F8

Em of icrowave 3etwor connecting ?87 Histricts, F8 citiesItowns and ;.;

#ahs villages. )%3# is the only service provider, maing focused efforts and

planned initiatives to bridge the Eural9rban Higital Hivide (CT sector. (n fact there

is no telecom operator in the country to beat its reach with its wide networ giving

services in every noo J corner of country and operates across (ndia except Helhi J

umbai. Whether it is inaccessible areas of %iachen glacier and 3orth eastern region

of the country. )%3# serves its customers with its wide bouquet of telecom services.

)%3# is numerous 9no operator of (ndia in all services in its license area. The

company offers vide ranging J most transparent tariff schemes designed to suite

every customer. )%3# cellular service, Cell +ne, has more than AF.> million cellular

customers, garnering 7: percent of all mobile users as its subscribers. That means that

almost every fourth mobile user in the country has a )%3# connection. (n basic

services, )%3# is miles ahead of its rivals, with ;.A million )asic =hone subscribers

i.e. >; per cent share of the subscriber base and D7 percent share in revenue

terms.)%3# has more than 7.; million W## subscribers and 7.; million (nternet

Customers who access (nternet through various modes viz. Hialup, #eased #ine,

H('%, 'ccount #ess (nternet5C#(6. )%3# has been adjudged as the 39)0E +30

(%= in the country. )%3# has set up a world class multigigabit, multiprotocol

convergent (= infrastructure that provides convergent services lie voice, data and

video through the same )acbone and )roadband 'ccess 3etwor. 't present there

are 8.? million Hata +ne broadband customers.The company has vast experience in

=lanning, (nstallation, networ integration and aintenance of %witching J


27/73

Transmission 3etwors and also has a world class (%+ D888 certified Telecom

Training (nstitute.%caling new heights of success, the present turnover of )%3# is

more than Es.;A,>78 million 59% L > billion6 with net profit to the tune of Es.DD,D8

million 59% L 7.7? billion6 for last financial year. The infrastructure asset on

telephone alone is worth about Es.?8,888 million 59% L A:.F billion6.

)%3# plans to expand its customer base from present :F millions lines to A7; million

lines by Hecember 788F and infrastructure investment plan to the tune of Es. F

crores 59%L A?.?F million6 in the next three years. The turnover, nationwide coverage,

reach, comprehensive range of telecom services and the desire to excel has made

)%3# the 3o. A Telecom Company of (ndia.

What is prepaid mobile serviceV

=repaid cellular services are getting very popular these days. any people now prefer

prepaid services since they offer a variety of advantages related to lifestyle and cost

control that simply are not available through postpaid contract based services.

=repaid cell phones have a distinct advantage over regular subscriptions. They offer

cost control with a fixed price per minute, control over costs with cell phones

distributed by parents, no credit chec and increased anonymity.4et you own cell

phone with no credit checO (tGs todayGs safe, convenient, andflexible way to manage

your spending on cellular phones. =repaid cell phones are convenient and easy to get

because there are2

no contracts

no credit checs

no deposits

no monthly bills


28/73

no activation or early termination fees

@ou will be safer and more secure when you own a prepaid cell phone without paying

hefty monthly fees.

4reat Cost Control with 3o surprisesO

(ncreasing consumer demand for prepaid cellular phones =repaid cellular services are

currently the fastestgrowing segment of the wireless phone maret, perhaps because

wireless service can be started up with no subscription fee for well under LA88. ore

and more people are using this service to control spending than to get around credit

problems. (n 0urope, already more than ?8 < of subscribers are on a prepaid wireless

plan, while in the 9nited %tates, only > to A8 percent of users have chosen that system

)ut itGs growing fast2 in Canada, for example, some providers see their prepaid

subscribers base increase ;8< faster than those of an ordinary monthly billed service.

=repaid cellular phones are ideal in the following situations2

(f you want to budget your cell phone use, or

(f you want a phone for occasional use but donGt want to pay a monthly service fee

or enter a longterm agreement, or

(f you have no credit history or past credit problems, or

(f your usage varies from month to month, or

(f you want to buy your children a phone for emergency use but restrict the amount

of calls they can mae, or

(f you are looing for a gift. +r

(f you donGt feeling comfortable providing information for a carrier credit chec, or

(f you want to learn about your usage patterns before committing to a longterm

onthly billing wireless contract.


29/73

What is lifetime validityV

#ifetime prepaid means that your cellphone connection remains valid for life. @ou

also get a minimal tal time, ranging from Es A8 to Es A88 .The good part is that all

subsequent recharges give you full tal time. There will be no processing charges,

something that is a big turnoff for prepaid customers. Bor instance, out of the Es ;

an 'irtel prepaid customer in Helhi pays to recharge his connection for 8 days, Es

A;8 go into processing fees. 'nother Es. A goes to the government as tax and he gets

airtime worth only Es A;:. (f he taes the lifetime validity offer, the same Es ;

recharge will give him tal time worth Es 87 Q and that&s for life. )y saving on the

Es A;8 processing fee, he will recover the onetime charge for lifetime validity in a

few months. #ifetime plans allow prepaid subscribers to have lifetime validity for a

onetime payment. The user can then continue to receive calls without having to

recharge.

TE'( on #ifetime validity plans

TE'( ass mobile operators to disclose ey issues of lifetime plans. TE'( has ased

the mobile operators offering lifetime connectivity plans to disclose Gris factorsG, lie

change in tariff plans and their remaining license period duration, in their

announcement.

The Telecom Eegulatory 'uthority of (ndia 5TE'(6 incorporated safeguards to

protect consumer interest in the lifetime validity tariff schemes being offered by

phone companies. These include a restriction on the companies from hiing the tariff


30/73

on any item specified in the plans and an obligation to inform the subscribers of the

monthand year of the expiry of current license.

The amendment to the Telecommunication Tariff +rder thus addresses a moral issue

that had arisen after phone companies began promoting lifetime schemes Q their

licenses are for a limited span ranging from seven to A; years while they were

offering a tariff that went well beyond the license period. (t also answered a question

in the minds of the subscribers whether there would be subsequent demands from

phone companies after the initial upfront payment. TE'( made it clear that in the case

of tariff plans offered or mareted as having lifetime or unlimited validity, the

subscribers should get the service as long as the phone company is permitted to

provide such telecom service under the current license or renewed license. TE'( has

also reiterated the right of the subscribers to choose any tariff plan at any point of

time.

TE'( released a XEegulation on Code of =ractice for etering and )illing 'ccuracy.&

With no staeholder replying to the consultation paper on billing issues that also

Contained a code of practice for metering and billing accuracy, TE'( decided to issue

the regulation. (t has directed companies before enrolling a customer to inform in

writing, within a wee of activation of service, the complete details of the tariff plan.

Charges for a value added service 5download of film clip, ring tone and the lie6 or

entry to an interactive service 5such as a game6 must be provided before the customer

commits to use the service.


31/73

'rticles 3o. A

. '3'4003T =E'CT(C0% (3B#903C(34 30W=E+H9CT T1'T(% #(B0

T(0 =#'3 +B%9CC0%% '3H B'(#9E0 (3 T10 ' %(' '3H

%C'3H(3'*(' 2 ' CE+%%C9#T9E'# C+='E'T(*0%T9H@ +B

T0#0C+=E+H9CT .

'bstract2

This comparative crosscultural study of 'sia and %candinavian

telecommunications products found both similarities and differences in the successful

new product development 53=H6 management practices that is time plan within the

'sia and %candinavia. =roficiencies in conducting development, mareting, and

customer service activities were identified as important to 3=H success in both

%candinavia and the 9.%. 1owever, differences between the 'sia and %candinavia

were found with regard to the importance of research and developmentImareting

integration and project manager competency, with these aspects being more important

to 3=H success in the 'sia 'dditional differences between %candinavia and the 9.%.

were found in the successful 3=H strategies for entering familiar versus unfamiliar

marets, with the %candinavian systems being more oriented toward product design

strategies lie life time plan of telecom industry. The overall results characterized 9.%.

3=H management systems as productmaret oriented, tas focused, and project

management driven. )y comparison, the %candinavian 3=H management systems

were characterized as productservice oriented, driven by enduring interpersonal

relationships and socially oriented to helping others. These characterizations were

found to be consistent with dissimilarities in the national cultures of the 'sia and

%candinavia, suggesting that some core 3=H management principles may be


32/73

generally important to success, whereas others may be culturally dependent. The

importance of recognizing these differences is pointed out in a discussion of their

implications for 3=H theory and practice in todayGs global economy.

'rticles 3o. 7

B+E0C'%T(34 'EK0T H0'3H B+E #(B0 T(0 =#'3 +B 30W

T0#0C+93C'T(+3 %0E*(C0%2 '3 (3TE+H9CT(+3

')%T'CT2

The mareting team of a new telecommunications company is usually tased

with producing forecasts for diverse staeholders with different needs. Consequently,

those outside mareting often realize both the many reasons for developing forecasts

nor the mareting theory used and the challenges involved in doing so. )ased on our

three decades of experience woring with telecommunications operators around the

world we see to redress this situation by presenting a discussion of the issues

involved in demand forecasting for new communications services.

'rticles 3o.

490%T 0H(T+E('#. "9'#(T@ +B T0#0C+93(C'T(+3 %0E*(C0%,

30TW+EK% '3H =E+H9CT%.


33/73

')%TE'CT2

The present issue of the (000 Mournal on %elected 'reas in Communications provides

a forum in which suppliers of telecommunications services and suppliers of

telecommunications equipment can come together with the academic and research

communities to meet the quality needs of end users. =apers cover the areas of

understanding and communicating customer needs, tools and techniques for managing

quality and evolving survivability, reliability, and security needs

'rticle 3o:

T0#0C+93(C'T(+3% =+#(C@ (3 (3H('2 T10 =+#(T(C'#

')%T'CT2

(n the midAD>8s (ndia became one of the first developing countries to launch reforms

in its telecommunications services$ yet A8 years later little change had been

introduced in the sector. Then in ADD: the government launched a new national

telecommunications policy which has a considerable number of important features

that are rather puzzling and uniquely (ndian. This paper argues that the slow pace and

uniqueness of (ndiaGs telecommunications reform are to be explained in terms of the

countryGs institutional arrangements. Eadical telecommunications reforms move at a

slow pace, tae peculiar local twists or fall in implementation when 5A6 the state is

highly permeable and vulnerable to demands from powerful, domestic interest groups

that oppose changes in the sector$ andIor 576 top government officials diverge and

clash over the reform agenda, generally due to the head of stateGs lac of power.

'rticles 3o. ;


34/73

A8. H0'3H B+E #(B0 T(0 =#'3 +B T0#0C+93(C'T(+3 %0E*(C0%

(3 H0*0#+=(34 C+93TE(0%.

')%TE'CT2

#iving standards and economic growth in developing countries are invariably lined

to the availability and use of telecom services. 0ffective policy decisions require the

best estimates of the drivers of these services. (n this paper, telecommunications

demand is estimated in models for residential mainline and mobile telephone service

for developing countries for the period ADD?/788. The paper tests for crossprice

effects between mainline and mobile service and its findings have important policy

implications. (t finds residential monthly price elasticity to be insignificant for

developing countries, but the connection elasticity is larger than generally found in the

literature. obile monthly price elasticities are very large. ' new and important

empirical finding is that although wireline phones are substitutes in the mobile

maret, the contrary is not trueQmobile phones are not substitutes in the wireline

maret, and in fact may be considered complements. This lac of symmetry has

important implications for properly defining telecom marets. 9niversal service

subsidies and competitive maret initiatives should be reevaluated in light of the

paper&s elasticity estimates. (ncreased competition, income growth and enhanced

education may be the ultimate universal service promoters

'rticles 3o. ?

T10 H(BB9%(+3 +B +)(#0 T0#0C+93(C'T(+3 %0E*(C0% (3 T10

'%('3 93(+3

')%TE'CT2


35/73

We study the technological and regulatory determinants of the diffusion of

mobile telecommunications services in the 0uropean 9nion, using a logistic model of

diffusion. We find that the transition from the analogue to the digital technology

during the early ADD8s, and the corresponding increase in spectrum capacity, had a

major impact on the diffusion of mobile telecommunications. Countries which

granted first licenses at later points in time show a significant but slow catchingup

effect, implying international convergence only by around 788?. The impact of

introducing competition has also been significant, during both the analogue and the

digital period, though the effect was smaller than the technology effect.

'rticles 3o. F

C+=0T(T(+3 '3H (33+*'T(+3 2 T10 H(BB9%(+3 +)(#0

T0#0C+93(C'T(+3 (3 C03TE'# '3H 0'%T0E3 '%('3

')%TE'CT2

The paper unravels the determinants of the diffusion of mobile telecommunications in

Central and 0astern 0urope. 'bout 78< of the population will adopt mobile

telecommunications. The diffusion speed is faster in countries that have adopted

mobile telecommunications late, implying a pattern of convergence in the diffusion

levels. The speed of diffusion increases with the number of firms. %imultaneous entry

is more effective than sequential entry in accelerating the diffusion speed. Hiffusion

speed increases with the size of the fixed telecommunications networ and the length

of the waiting list. =olicy recommendations derived from these results permit to

further qualify popular views on the sector.


36/73

'rticles 3o. >

T10 (='CT +B =E(*'T(N'T(+3 '3H C+=0T(T(+3 (3 T10

T0#0C+93(C'T(+3%%0CT+E'E+93H T10 W+E#H .

')%TE'CT 2

9sing a comprehensive country level panel data set covering the period from ADD8 to

788A, we investigate the impact of privatization and competition in the

telecommunications sector around the world. Bull privatization, which gave private

owners control rights, contributed substantially to improving the allocation of labor

and capital, expanding service output and networ penetration, and improving labor

and total factor productivities. )ut partial privatization, in which the state retained

control rights, showed no significant impact. The increase in competitive pressure

contributed substantially to growth in the sector by raising both factor inputs and total

factor productivity. We also found evidence of complementarity between privatization

and competition in deepening networ penetration and in restraining the rise of

service pricing among privatized operators. +ur results are robust to plausible

alternative specifications.

'rticles 3o. D

B+E'# %T'3H'EH%%0TT(34 B+E 4#+)'# T0#0C+93(C'T(+3

'3H (3B+E'T(+3 %0E*(C0%. T+W'EH% '3 (3%T(T9T(+3'# E04(0

TE'3%B+E'T(+3V


37/73


38/73

mainly covering research themes lie settlement and regulation policy, strategic

alliances and incumbents& reactions to deregulation as well as opening of marets in

depth until recently. Wire line telephony T%( has been the dominant segment in most

contributions, while the mobile or broadband (nternet segments only featured in more

recent wor. %egment characteristics lie nonuniform barriers to entry, different

reasons for alliances and nonuniform levels of internationalization differentiate these

T%( segments pose a number of additional questions concerning telecom firms&

internationalization strategy and success promising for future research.

'rticles 3o. AA

!C+='E'T(*0 %T9H@ +B T0#0H03%(T@ (3 ='K(%T'3 '3H (3H('P

Countries that succeeded in harnessing 5information and telecommunication

technology6 potential can loo forward to leapfrogging conventional obstacles of

infrastructure development, and that 0veryone should be able to enjoy access to

information and communication networs

5%aid by 4> members6

=aistan and (ndia are the most oldest, famous and strong rival. They are competing

each other in every field. Telecom is one of them which too the shape of an industry,

as maret watchers put it, is one of the fastest growing and lucrative sector.

Teledensity a common term which comes in telecom means the number of main

telephones lines for every A88 inhabitants, in broader term mobile subscriber includes

in it.P !Teledensity is also used to refer the level of a country&s telecommunication

infrastructureP 5%aunders etal., ADD:$ 4ille AD>?6.


39/73

Hespite stiff competition, economic slowdown and emerging saturation in the maret

of telecom industry, the total teledensity of the country has reached to ever highest of

?8.?< in '@, which means that number of connection through fixed line, wireless

local loop and cellular phone has increased by more than ?8< of the country&s

population.

the teledensity has been driven by the wireless local loop and cellular phone

connections, which have been registering growth persistently despite watchdogs

regulation and price war.Teledensity of mobile subscriber also registered all time high

level of ;?.?< with over DAmillion total customers base .wireless local loop sector

has retained its teledensity at A.; with overall 7.:A million subscriber on the networ

of various operators.

+n the other hand (ndia&s teledensity at the end of 'EC1X8D was F million wire line

subscriber. The 4% subscribers of total wireless subscriber were 7>> million at

arch end 8D. Teledensity increased from :< in ADD? to 78< in 788F which was

primarily public sector driven and also by the new technology i.e. mobile technology.

=aistan have higher mobile teledensity ie D8< of population as compared to (ndia

which has ?8


40/73


41/73

The pioneer in this race was )harti Televentures, which is owned by %unil ittat. The

company launched a lifetime offer with onetime payment of Es DDD.'fter which

there were a number of cellular operators, which include 'irtel, 1utch, Eeliance

(nfocomm, %pice, T3# and )%3# followed suite, the functioning of all was the

same / get lifetime validity on your prepaid cards with just a onetime entry fee. (dea

Cellular too is one of the contestants in the race and infact went ahead and extended

the scheme to prepaid as well as postpaid customers.

'ET(C#0A

(3T0E3'T(+3'# M+9E3'# +B +)(#0 C+93(C'T(+3%

'bstract2

Wireless penetration and the (ndian economy have grown significantly over the past

few years, but how robust and sustainable is the adoption of wireless services and

productsV %everal papers have discussed (ndia as a wireless service and product

maret, and sometimes tried to assess quantitative attributes thereof. The present

paper aims, looing from a managerial point of view, at the unique underlying

evolution processes, bottlenecs and riss. (t analyses five traditional adoption

models, as well as five other oneGs, to determine their fit, or not, to the (ndian wireless

evolution.


42/73

'rticles A:

(3%(41T% +3 T10 HE(*0E% '3H (31()(T+E% +B +)(#0 H'T' %0E*(C0%

9=T'K0

'Hepartment of anagement %cience and Technology, 'thens 9niversity of

0conomics and )usiness, 4EAA?7 'thens, 4reece

')%TE'CT2

%tudying the adoption and acceptance of obile Hata %ervices 5H%6 has been an

intriguing endeavour for quite some time. uch of the related literature is inspired by

the technology acceptance model and its heirs. The study presented in this paper

adopts an alternative perspective and proposes the study of H% actual usage patterns

under the lens of the Triandis theory of explaining human behaviour. To this end, we

adjust the concepts included in the original Triandis model to the H% context and

construct a model predicting H% use. The model is empirically validated through a

survey 53 Y ?;6 and tested for its predictive capacity against four different H%

categories 5mcommerce, communication, information and entertainment services6.

Eesults suggest that the uptae of each of the four service categories is contingent

upon a limited set of factors. (n addition, financial barriers emerge as a unive inhibitor

over and above specific service groupings.rsal


43/73

%ubscriber in million

s By 788?8F By788F8>

arch 'ug 'dd

during

'pril

'ug

788?

arch Muly 'ug 'dds.

Huring

'ug

'dds

during

'pril

'ug

Wire

less

D>.F> A7.:: 7:.?? A?;.AA AD7.D> 78A.7D >.A ?.A>

Wire

line

:A.;: :8.>F 8.?F :8.F; D.>D D.F 8.A? A.87

total A:8.7 A?:.A 7.DD 78;.>? 77.>F 78A.87 >.A; ;.A?

The present data is tentative and liely to be adjusted on the basis of quarterly

reports received from telecom service provide


44/73

Comparison of lifetime plans of all cellular companies

C0##9#'E

C+.%

#(B0

T(0

=#'3

E%.

Charges 5call rates6

+wn

networ

+ther

networ

%TH (%H %%

#I3I(

'(ET0# D; +.?8 A 7.?; ?.D AI7I;

)%3# 7D; 8.?8 A.:8 7.F; D.A? AI7I;

E&C+ ADD 8.?8 8.DD 7.DD AA AI7I;

T'T'

(3H(C+

7>D 8.?8 7 7.F; A AI7I;

CHAPTER TWO


45/73

E0*(0W +B #(T0E'T9E0

The growth in demand for telecom services in (ndia is not limited to basic

telephone services. (ndia has witnessed rapid growth in cellular, radio

paging$ value added services, internet and global communication by satel item

54=C%6 services. The agents of change, as observed from

international perspective, have been broadly categorized into economic

structure, competition policy and technology. 0conomic reforms and liberalization

have driven telecom sector through several transmission channels of which these

three categories are of major significance.

The effective research cannot be accomplished without critically studying

what already exists in the form of general literature and specific studies.

Therefore, it is considered as an important prerequisite for actual planning and execution

of research project. This helps to formulate hypotheses and framewor for further

investigation. (n this research, the survey of literature has been classified into two

parts studies related to telecom sector and studies related to mareting strategies.

Technological changes in the telecom and computers have radically changed the

business scenario. (n turn, the new demands of business have spurred many telecom

based technological innovations. (n order to exploit these innovations for competing

in global marets, business community has been putting pressures on governments to

revise the policy, regulation and structure of the telecom sector. %everal countries

across the world have responded by restructuring the state controlled telecom

provider, increasing private participation and deregulating service provisions.


46/73

)usiness Today 5ADD767Fpointed out that due to lac of technical and

financial resources especially foreign exchange, the H+T generally lagged behind in

its level of technology. (ndia s indigenization program in the

switching segment

carried out by CH+T was successful in the introduction of rural exchanges designed

especially for (ndian conditions characterized by dust, heat and humidity

%T9H@ E0#'T0H T+ 'EK0T(34 %TE'T04@

%trategy is the fundamental pattern of present and planned objectives, resources,

developments and interactions of an organizations with marets, competitors and other

environmental factors.5ullins, Waler, )eyd J #arreche, 7887 6F7for this reason , a

good strategy should always

specify$

A. What is to be accomplished

7. Where the product, maret, or industries that are to be

focused.

. 1ow resources and activities that will be allocated to each

maretI product to gain sustainable competitive advantage.

areting is a process for analyzing, planning and managing the

organizations resources while identifying and serving current and potential client group

and their needs profitability.


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Eeason for developing mareting strategy Hirs J Hanniel5ADDA6F

mention that company managers choose to introduced and I or reemphasize mareting

strategy for a number of reasons, which may range from personal interests to corporate

policies. 1owever the reason usually centers around an opportunities or an identified

problem that the company management

needs to explore. Bor example 2

A. (ntroducing new products or services

7. 0xpanding into new marets.

. Hifferentiating products or services.

:. Eevitalizing products, services or marets.

;. Heleting or ZH0 mareting product or service

?. Eesponding to a drop in sales or profits.

F. 0valuating financial or legal riss of opportunities.

>. 0nhancing company image, brand or reputation

CHAPTER THREE


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+)M0CT(*0 '3H E0%0'EC1 0T1+H+#+4@

Eesearch methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. (t is the

study of the various steps that are generally adopted by the researcher in studying his

research problem along with the logic behind them. Eesearch methodology considers

the research methods. The logic behind the methods used, and reason for using a

particular method or technique to facilitate evaluation of the research by the

researcher himself or by others.

The study under taen by the researcher is,

!Comparative study of life time plan of telecom services.P

+)M0CT(*0% +B T10 %T9H@

A. To find out the difference between the life time plan of different telecom industry.

7. To find out the hidden information in lifetime plans of cellular services.

. To find out the consumer satisfaction towards the lifetime plans

:. To find out the actual growth in telecommunication industry.

E0%0'EC1 0T1+H%2


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Eesearch methods means the method adopted for the collection of the data and the

information. The different research methods used in social science are as follows2

[ 1istorical method2

(t is the method in which present day events are studied with reference to the events

that too place in the past. %ources of historical data are boos, magazines, accessible

documents, papers and literature, autobiographies, statistical material etc.

Case study method2

' case study is a deep and intensive study of particular social unit confined to a very

small number of cases. (t is a complete analysis and report of the status of an

individual subject. %ources of case study are personal documents, life history etc.

Hata Collection2

To mae any decisions in any business you need data. Bacts expressed in quantitative

form can be termed as data. The collection of data is one of the most important steps

in research, as success of any statistical investigation depends on the availability of

accurate and reliable data. Hepending upon the sources utilized, whether the data has

come from actual observations or from records that are ept for normal purposes, data

can be classified into two categories .

C#'%%(B(C'T(+3 +B H'T'2


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=rimary Hata2

The primary data are those, which are, collected a fresh for the first time, and thus

happen to be original in character. The primary data is one, which is collected by the

investigator himself for the purpose of study or inquiry.

%econdary Hata2

The secondary data are those which have already been collected by some one else and

which have already been pass through the statistical process.

%+9EC0% +B %0C+3H'E@ H'T' C+##0CT(+32

*arious publications of the central, state and local governments.

Technical and trade journals.

)oos, magazines and newspapers.

Eeports and publications of various associations connected with business and

industry, bans universities, economists, etc., in different fields.

=ublic records and statistics, historical documents and other sources of

published documents.

9npublished data lie unpublished biographies, data found in diaries and

letters etc.

)efore using the secondary data the researcher must ensure the reliability,

suitability and adequacy of data.


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Bor the present study the researcher has collected only secondary data.

=rocessing and 'nalysis of Hata2

The data after collection has to be processed and analyzed in accordance with the

outline laid down for the purpose of study. =rocessing implies editing, coding,

classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis.

'nalysis of data refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching

for patterns of relationship that exist among data groups.

#((T'T(+3 +B T10 %T9H@

The following are the limitations of the present study.

A. This study was carried out only on secondary data.

7. This study was carried out from >th Hec, 788D to Fth Man, 78A8 and

. The generalization and conclusions are based on the data collected through the

internet 'nd magazines.

:. The study may not be accurate because it is based on secondary source of

information.

;. The study may be biased because the secondary source may have altered the

data

Bor its own benefits.

H'T' '3'#@%(%

CHAPTER FOUR


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5A6 1ow many customers have any T0#0C+ connectionV

The data shows that the total sample size of ;8 people taen for research out of which

>?< of persons eep telecom service with them.


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The data shows that 7A? persons are from business, A7 persons are professionals, ?>

persons are government employees and D persons are found students to consume

mobiles.

6 Ho the customers now how many telecommunication companies exist in eerut

regionV

5a6 :

5b6 7

5c6 A

5d6 3ot nowing.

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The data shows that ?8< of people are aware about all companies dealing in

telecommunication in, eerut 8< of people says about only 7 companies, ;< are of

both categories nowing either one company or not nowing any and ;< are having nil

information about mobile companies dealing in eerut .

:6 (f the customers have to purchase Telecom service connection which company

customers will prefer and whyV

5a6 )%3#

5b6 'irtel

5c6 (H0'

5d6 Eeliance

When the preferences for mobile phone connections were ased, results drawn that :;< of customer satisfied with the lifetime plans of cellular companies, and which

are not satisfy with the service they are mostly )%3# and T'T' indicom users

\ ?< of the population use only mobile, and 8< of poulationuse both the

services J only ;< people use the telephone service. (t shows the popularity of

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cellular phone services.

\ :< of population are using the 'irtel services, which is the highest percentage

of users of cellular phone. (dea taes 7nd place in with 7>< of users. Then

comes reliance and )%3#, and tata indicom having leading competitor customers in

the

\ =repaid service is most popular in the cellular services with D;< of customers.

The remained uses postpaid services.

\ (n the lifetime plan of cellular companies most of the respondents are using this

service because of its validity eriod with >< of answer. Where A;< of people

lie this services because of its call rates.

%9440%T(+3%

\ (n the lifetime plans, cellular companies should reduce the call rates.

\ They should provide other facilities lie massage and minimum call rates in the

same networ.

\ They should mae aware the customers that they have limited license period.

\ They should not tae other hidden charges.

\ There should not be any compulsion that customer have to recharge their card in

A>8 days with certain amount. This is the main drawbac of the lifetime validity

plan.

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CHAPTER SIX


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CONCLUSION

(n (ndia it is found that 'irtel is the maret leader in the lifetime plan segment. =eople

lie the lifetime plans provided by the companies. 'nd (dea having 7nd highest

customers in Eeliance and (dea.

T'T' indicom having least customers , where Eeliance and )%3# having

almost equal percent of customer.

)ut population are not much aware about the bound of cellular companies with TE'(,

that cellularcompanies can deliver their services till their license have validity, they have

to renew itfor providing further service..

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BIBILIOGRAPHY

BOOKS:

A.)alu.v, mareting research of consumer behaviourP7ndedition788A, sri venadeswaran

bublications.

7.Kothari. c.r 57886 research methodologyP 7nd edition, wishawav praashan.

.Kotler philip57886 mareting management millennium edition, prentice tall of india

private limited 788A A8th edition.

:. 1awins H.(.)est, E.M. and Convey,K.'. Consumer )ehaviour (mplications for

areting %trategy, 5Eev.ed6,)usiness =ublications, (nc. Texas, 788A.

;. 1oward Mohn 1., and %heth,Magdish 3., The Theory of )uyers )ehaviour, Mohn Wiley

and %ons (nc.,3ew @or, 7888.

JOURNALS

'merican anagement 'ssociation. 5ADD?6. The '' style guide for business writing.

3ew @or, 3@2 'uthor.

)arthelemy, M., J 4eyer, H. 5788;6. 'n empirical investigation of (T outsourcing versus

outsourcing in Brance and 4ermany. (nformation J anagement, :7, ;;:7.

doi2A8.A8A?Ij.im.788:.87.88;

oneesha pachauri, 3ottingham 9niversity )usiness %chool, Mubilee campus, Wollaton

Eoad,

3ottingham,the mareting review, 7887, AD;;, (%%3 A:F7A>:I7887I888AD,

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WEB REFERENCE

www.airt!.i"

www.i#a$!!%!ar.$&'

www.()"!.i"

www.*a+&".i"

www.air$!.i"

ANNEXURE

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http://www.airtel.in/http://www.ideacellular.com/http://www.bsnl.in/http://www.vodafone.in/http://www.aircel.in/http://www.airtel.in/http://www.ideacellular.com/http://www.bsnl.in/http://www.vodafone.in/http://www.aircel.in/


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:6 (f the customers have to purchase Telecom service connection which company

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summer training project on telecom sector

Documents

Transcript of summer training project on telecom sector