Summary Notes Organic Chemistry
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Anglo-Ghinese School (Barker Road) A Methodist lnstitution Founded in 1886 CHEMIS TRY DEPARTMENT OF'SCIENCE Name: .. . ( Class: SEC 4 t. 2. Sources of Energy Noturol Gos - moinly methone .Petroleum (Crude Oil) - o mixture of hydrocorbons, seporoted by froctionol distillotion: . Petroleum Gos used os fuel for gos stoves . Pertrol (Gosoline)......... used os fuel in cors . Nophtho........................ used os feedstock for the chemicol indusiry . Porrofin (Kerosene) ..... used os fuel for heoting ond cooking ond for oircroft engines ' Diesel ......... used os fuel for diesel engines (e.9. trucks, toxis) . Lubricoting Oi|.............. used os lubriconts ond os o source of polishes ond woxes . Bitumen ..... used for moking rood surfoces lssues Foced bv the Petroleum Industrv The smoller froctions of petroleum, e.g. gosoline, ore in greoter demond os fuels thon the lorger froctions, e.g. bitumen, due io the eose of combusfion. To meel this high demond, lorger hydrocorbon molecules con be put through cotolyfic crocking. Crocking olso produces hydrogen gos, which is useful both os o fuel os well os in o row moteriol for the Hober Process. The nophlho froction from petroleum is ihe moin source of hydrocorbons used os the feedstock for the production of o wide ronge of orgonic compounds. This often poses o dilemmo - given the finite quontity of such fossil fuels, there ore competing uses of crude oil qs on energy source os well os o chemicolfeedstock. Slruclure of Smoll Orgonic Molecules HOMOLOGOUS SERIES - o group of compounds wiih ' o generolformulo . the some functionol group, leoding to similor chemicol properties . eoch member of the group increoses by CHz, leoding to increose in moss of I4 . o grodotion in physicol properties - o on increose in melting ond boiling points o on increose in density o on increose in viscosity o o decreose in flommobility ISOMERISM - when two or more molecules hove the some moleculqr formulo, but different structurol formulo. They moy or moy not hove similor chemicol properties, depending on whether they hove ihe some functionol groups. ..PPNPDI.B'' Please punish nonsensical purple dinosaurs like Barney.
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Summary Notes Organic Chemistry
Transcript of Summary Notes Organic Chemistry
Anglo-Ghinese School(Barker Road)
A Methodist lnstitution
Founded in 1886
CHEMIS TRYDEPARTMENT OF'SCIENCE
Name: .. . ( Class: SEC 4
t.2.
Sources of Energy
Noturol Gos - moinly methone.Petroleum (Crude Oil) - o mixture of hydrocorbons, seporoted by froctionol distillotion:. Petroleum Gos used os fuel for gos stoves. Pertrol (Gosoline)......... used os fuel in cors. Nophtho........................ used os feedstock for the chemicol indusiry. Porrofin (Kerosene) ..... used os fuel for heoting ond cooking ond for oircroft engines' Diesel ......... used os fuel for diesel engines (e.9. trucks, toxis). Lubricoting Oi|.............. used os lubriconts ond os o source of polishes ond woxes. Bitumen ..... used for moking rood surfoces
lssues Foced bv the Petroleum IndustrvThe smoller froctions of petroleum, e.g. gosoline, ore in greoter demond os fuels thon thelorger froctions, e.g. bitumen, due io the eose of combusfion. To meel this high demond,lorger hydrocorbon molecules con be put through cotolyfic crocking. Crocking olsoproduces hydrogen gos, which is useful both os o fuel os well os in o row moteriol for theHober Process.
The nophlho froction from petroleum is ihe moin source of hydrocorbons used os thefeedstock for the production of o wide ronge of orgonic compounds. This often poses odilemmo - given the finite quontity of such fossil fuels, there ore competing uses of crude oilqs on energy source os well os o chemicolfeedstock.
Slruclure of Smoll Orgonic Molecules
HOMOLOGOUS SERIES - o group of compounds wiih' o generolformulo. the some functionol group, leoding to similor chemicol properties. eoch member of the group increoses by CHz, leoding to increose in moss of I4. o grodotion in physicol properties -
o on increose in melting ond boiling pointso on increose in densityo on increose in viscosityo o decreose in flommobility
ISOMERISM - when two or more molecules hove the some moleculqr formulo, but differentstructurol formulo. They moy or moy not hove similor chemicol properties, depending onwhether they hove ihe some functionol groups.
..PPNPDI.B''
Please punish nonsensicalpurple dinosaurs like Barney.
