Suez Canal 1859186918821914194019541956197519801994199620022008 Figures & Photos Suez Canal...

Suez CanalSuez Canal

18591859

18691869

18821882

19141914

19401940

19541954

19561956

19751975

19801980

19941994

19961996

20022002

20082008

Figures & Figures & PhotosPhotos

Suez Canal Authority

SC in the HistorySC in the History

• 1887 BC Canal of the Pharos - Sesostris ( Senusret III )

• 1310 BC Canal of the Pharos - ( Seti I )

• 610 BC Canal of the Pharos - ( Necho )

• 510 BC Canal of the Persians - ( King Darius )

• 285 BC Canal of the Ptolemans - ( Ptolemy II )

• 117 AD Canal of the Romans - ( Trajan )

• 640 AD Canal of Arab ـ ( Emir El-Mo’ meneen )

Canal of Sesostris Linking the two seas through the Nile branches


• 17/11/1869 Inauguration of the Suez Canal

• 26/7/1956 Nationalization of the Suez Canal

• 15/9/1956 Withdrawal of foreign pilots

• 29/10/1956 Closure of the Suez Canal ( 1956 War )

• 10/4/1957 Reopening the Canal following the Suez

War

• 5/6/1967 Closure of the Canal ( 1967 War )

• 6/10/1973 October War

• 5/6/1975 Reopening the Canal after October War

• 16/12/1980 The Canal Development Project ( First

Stage )

Days to RememberDays to RememberSuez Canal Authority

Digging of the SC (1)Digging of the SC (1)

First digging works Digging and sand removal works

• First Concession Agreement - 30 November 1854

• Founding the Suez Canal Company -15 December 1858

• Start of digging - 27 April 1859

• End of digging works - 12 August 1869


Digging Costs369 million French Francs (14 million Egyptian

Pounds)

Volume of excavation

74 million cubic meters of sand

Digging works at Ismailia

Laborers during the digging works


Digging of the SC (2)Digging of the SC (2)

Peoples worked in the digging

1.5 million

Peoples lost their lives

120,000

Digging Costs369 million French Francs

(14 million Egyptian Pounds)

Stages of Digging Stages of Digging

(1)

(2)

(4)

(3)

(1)-18 March 1862

Mediterranean waters had flowed into Lake Timsah

(2)- 18 March 1869

Mediterranean waters had reached the Bitter Lakes

(3)- 15 August 1869

Red Sea waters had reached the small Bitter Lakes

(4)- 18 August 1869

The two seas had been linked


Ceremony’s Cost LE 2 million

Main Stage for high-ranking Dignitaries Dinner banquet in Ismailia


SC Inauguration CeremonySC Inauguration Ceremony

Ceremony’s attendances 6000 Dignitaries

Opening Ceremony in Egypt )1(

17 November 1869


Hundreds of tents, a luxurious palace, an opera house

andmore than 77 vessels & boats on Lake Timsah were at the

disposal of the honored guests




Guests of the Inauguration Ceremony

State delegates who attended the Ceremony



Development of the WaterwayDevelopment of the WaterwaySuez Canal Authority

Description

1869 1956 At Present

Overall length

Km 164 175 190.3

Doubled parts

Km - 29 78

Canal depth M 10 14 22.5

Permissible max. draught

Ft 22 35 62

Permissible max. size of laden ship

1000 DWT

5 30 220

Night traffic started on Night traffic started on 1st March 1887


Convention of ConstantinopleConvention of Constantinople

It was signed by Great Britain, Germany, Austro-Hungary,

Spain, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia, and Turkey


( Guaranteed Right of Passage of all Ships through the SC )

19 October 1888

PersonsPersons in the History of SCin the History of SC

Ptolemy II

285 BC

The Pharaoh

(Senusret III) 610 BC

Before the Digging of the Present Canal

Persian King

(Darius) 510 BCRoman King

(Trajan) 117 AD


Said Pasha,

Viceroy of Egypt

(1863-1854)

De Lesseps

(1805-1894)

Khedive Ismail

(1863-1879)


PersonsPersons in the History of SCin the History of SC

During the Digging of the Present Canal

Viceroy Said

( 1854 – 1863 )

Khedive Ismail

( 1863 – 1879 )

Khedive Tewfiq

( 1879 – 1892 )

King Farouk I

( 1936 – 1952 )

King Fouad I

( 1917 – 1936 )

Sultan Hussain Kamel

( 1914 – 1917 )

Khedive Abbas Helmi II

( 1892 – 1914 )

Egypt’s Rulers & Kings before 1952Egypt’s Rulers & Kings before 1952Suez Canal Authority

Anwar Al-Sadat ( 1970 – 1981 )

Gamal Abdel Nasser ( 1954 – 1970 )

Hosni Mubarak( 1981 – 2011)

Mohammed Naguib ( 1952 – 1954 )


Egypt’s Presidents after 1952Egypt’s Presidents after 1952

Jules Guichard

( 1894 – 1896 )

Charles Jonnart

) 1913 – 1927 )

Prince Auguste-Louis-Albéric

( 1896 – 1913 )

François Chales -Roux

) 1948 - 1956 ) Louis de Vogüé

( 1927 – 1948 )

De Lesseps

( 1855 – 1894 )

SC ChairmenSC ChairmenSuez Canal Authority

)Before the Nationalization of the SC - 26 July 1956 (

Dr. Helmi Bahgat Badawy( 1956 – 1957 )

Eng. Mahmoud Younis( 1957 – 1965 )

Eng. Mashhour A. Mashhour( 1965 – 1983 )

Admiral Ahmed Fadel( 1996 – Present )

Eng. M. Ezzat Adel( 1984 – 1995 )


SC ChairmenSC Chairmen

)After the Nationalization of the SC - 26 July 1956 (

Doubled Parts of the SCDoubled Parts of the SC

1)- Port-Said Bypass ( 27 km - Dug in 1980 )

2)- Ballah Bypass ( 10 km - Dug in 1955 )

3)- Timsah Bypass ( 4 km - Dug in 1980 )

4)- Difresoir & kabreet Bypass ( 27 km - Dug in 1980 )


Events and WarsEvents and Wars(1)- British Occupation of Egypt

• Tel El-Kebir battle was the beginning of the British occupation of Egypt which lasted for 72 years

• Orabi deceived by the promise of De Lesseps that the canal not be used for war purpose, had opposed the idea of closing the canal to protect Egypt against British Occupation

Tal El-Kebir Battle


13 September 1882

(2)- War 1956

SC remained under Egypt’s stewardship for 99 days

from it’s nationalization

to the closure due to the war

29 October 1956The Israeli attack

31 October 1956The British / French attack

1 November 1956Interruption of the navigation

23 December 1956Egypt retrieved Port Said( Victory Day )


Events and WarsEvents and Wars

Suez Canal Authority building in Port Said

SC was closed for 8 years

)5 June 1967 to 5 June 1975(

World economy sustained

a loss of US$ 7 Billion

(3)- War 1967



Egyptian soldiers overrun the ramparts along the Canal

Egyptian flag hoisted on Bar Lev fortified line

(4)- War 1973



Second re-opening of SCSecond re-opening of SC

Re-opening ceremony in Port-Said

A note commemorating the re-opening occasion


( 5 June 1975 )

Dates of SC closuresDates of SC closures

• 5 Days In August 1882 during the British aggression on Egypt

• 76 Days During the world war II

• 4 Days ( 31/12/1954 - 4/1/1955 ) - Tanker’s collision with Ferdan

bridge

• 159 Days ( 2/11/1956 - 10/4/1957 ) - The tripartite aggression on Egypt

• 8 Years ( 5/6/1967 - 4/6/1975 ) - Following the 1967 war

• 3 Days ( 7/11/2005 - 9/11/2005 ) - when a vessel grounded at km 62


Traffic StatisticsTraffic Statistics Suez Canal Authority

1869 1956 2008

No of vessels 104 3 291 22 000

Net Ton 81 000 Ton 107 M. Ton 900 M. Ton

Toll Revenues FF 1.3 Million US$ 39 Million US$ 5 Billion

SC Share of World Seaborne Trade

10 %

Saving in Distance via SCSaving in Distance via SC

Via Cape 11 169 mile

Via SC6 436 mile

Rotterdam

Ras Tanura


From ToSaving

N. Miles %

Ras Tanura Lavera 966 57

Rotterdam 7334 42

Jeddah Pireas 8879 88

Singapore Rotterdam 6473 29

Traffic SystemTraffic System

• Three convoys / day ( 2 Southbound & 1 Northbound )

• Pilotage is compulsory in the Canal

( 4 Pilots are assigned for each ship throughout its trip

in the Canal )

• Permissible speed is 13 - 14 km / hr

• Time interval between vessels is 10-16 min or 2 - 3

km

• Average transit time is 12 - 15 hrs

N2

N1

S


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Suez Canal 1859186918821914194019541956197519801994199620022008 Figures & Photos Suez Canal...

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