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Country Report/ SUDAN

Mohammed Ahmed BasheerScientist Researcher

Tropical Medicine Research Institute (TMRI)Dept. Of Parasitology

P. O. Box: 1304 Khartoum, Sudan. bashirm59@yahoo.com

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The Nile River

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Health Population Status and Statistics

• Population: 35,482,233 (July 2014 est.)• Population growth rate: 1.78% (2014 est.)• Health expenditures: 6.5% of GDP (2014).

• Birth rate: 30.01 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)• Infant mortality rate: total: 52.86 deaths/1,000 live births.

• Life expectancy at birth: total population: 63.32 years• Urbanization: urban population: 33.2% of total

population (2011).

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Khartoum

• Located in the heart of Sudan.

• In the junction of the Blue and White Nile.

• Population: 10 million.• The center of politics,

industry and commercial activities.

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Sudan Ethnic Groups

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Climate and Environment

• Climate: hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (May to September).

• Environment - current issues: • Inadequate supplies of potable water.• Wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting.• Soil erosion.• Desertification.• Periodic drought.

Sudan Economic Indicators

• Sudan is an extremely poor country that has experienced protracted social conflict, civil war, and, in July 2011, the loss of three-quarters of its oil production due to the separation of South Sudan.

• The GDP real growth rate is 3% (2014 est.),• GDP per capita: $4,500 (2014 est.)• Labor force by occupation:• agriculture: 80%• industry: 7%• services: 13% (1998 est.)• Population Below poverty line:• 46.5% (2009 est.)• Taxes and other revenues: • 10.4% of GDP (2014 est.)

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Cash Crops

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Natural Resources and Industries

• Natural resources: petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc,, silver, gold; hydropower.

• Industries• Oil Sugar• Soap distilling Cement• Shoes Cotton ginning• Petroleum refining Textiles• pharmaceuticals • Edible oils

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Education

• 88 governmental and private University and specialized faculty.

• U of K is the most recognized University in Africa, was established in 1902.

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The River Nile in Khartoum

Dinder National Park- 500Km from Khartoum.- In eastern Sudan border ET.- Biosphere park.- 27 Spp of mammals.- 200 sp of birds.- 32 sp of fish.

Meroe Civilization

• In the North East of Sudan.• Near the bank of the Nile.• Nubia area.• The capital of Kush kingdom.• 800 B.C – 280 A.D• Flourished 900 year.

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Red Sea Coast

• 750Km in Eastern Sudan.

• Famous for it is attractive habitats, especially coral reefs.

• Three distinct zones have been recognized for coral reefs.

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Sudanese CultureMusic and dance are important parts of Sudanese culture.

Sudanese Traditional Wedding dress.

Coffee preparation in Eastern Sudan

Ministry of Health Organisational Structure.

Community Level

County Level

State Level

Central level FMOH

SMOH

County Health Departments

PHCCPHCU

County Hospitals

Teaching Hospitals - General .

-

Third Level

Second Level

First Level

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Levels of Health care

Communicable Diseases in Sudan• Sudan is exposed to public health risk from a

selected number of infectious diseases due to:• Protracted war and conflict.• Collapsed health system.• Dilapidated health infrastructures.• Large scale population displacement enforced

by poverty.• War and limited access to health care.

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Health Problems in Sudan

• Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: very high

food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, and Rift Valley fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis

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Communicable Disease in Sudan (CDSS

• From 2006 to 2011, main disease outbreaks were:

• Measles.• Diphtheria.• Yellow fever.• Watery diarrhea.• Bacterial meningitis.

• RVF.• CCHF.• Gastroenteritis due to E.

coli• Dengue fever. • Viral hepatitis.

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Priority Health problems

• 1. Child Health.• 2. Maternal Health and provision of

reproductive health services.• 3. Control of Communicable Diseases (CCDs).• NCDs research/ National Data/ Surveillance

system.

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Thank you

THE REPUBLIC OF SUDAN