Project: IEEE 802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng Steve Childress, SAIC Slide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15...
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Transcript of Submission IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng Steve Childress, SAIC Slide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15...
<January 2008>
Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
Steve Childress, SAICSlide 1
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: Intermodal Shipping Containers, Communications For Intrusion Reports and Cargo Status
Date Submitted: January 2009Source: Steve Childress, SAIC Contact: Steve Childress, SAICVoice: +1.858.826.3344, E-Mail: [email protected]: Wireless Next Generation Subcommittee PresentationAbstract: Wireless for ContainersPurpose: Information on Wireless need in Container applications Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered
as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
Intermodal Shipping Containers,Communications For Intrusion Reports and
Cargo Status
TopicsEmpirical RF Measurements
Mesh Network GoalsDesire to Collaborate
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
PROJECTProject Sponsor
US Dept. Homeland Security (DHS)Science and Technology Directorate
Communications Team LeadUS Navy SPAWAR System Center (SSC) Pacific
San Diego, CA
SpeakersChris Yerkes (SSC), Steve Childress (contractor)
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
CHARTER~40 Million Containers In Use (Excluding Air Cargo)
Thousands of OwnersHundreds of Shipping CompaniesVery cost sensitiveGlobal
Defining and Validating Standardization For…Secure Worldwide Interoperable Communications For
Advanced Intrusion DetectorsWireless and Secure Application Layer
MessagingEnable Dual-Use: Security + New Commercial Services
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
Unique WirelessInternational, Interoperable, Low Cost, Battery Powered
Sleeping-Router vs. Battery Life
WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY, AT-PORTAL and IN-MESH
Multipath (delay spread) Scale, Topology
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
FUNCTIONAL Dual-use Communications
Bi-directional, Infrequent Small Messages Use For Years (zero maintenance) Long Battery Life Highly Interoperable, (Mixed Manufacturers)
Any Locale, Any Access Device, Any Mesh Neighbor (Brand X) High Node Density Message Latency: Seconds is OK Location: Implicit from location of Access Device (no RTLS)
End-to-end Encryption via Application data, not networks Mutual Authentication, anti-rogue device and rogue data center No reliance on transport networks’ security (global comms)
End-to-end via “dumb” Layer 2 bridges, e.g., ‘15.4 to UDP Reliable datagrams, when needed, via application messaging
Global Routing via cellular-like Registries (Later: 6LoWPAN?) Good Enough: Last known access node’s IP
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
PREVIOUS DECISIONSRF: 2.4 GHz: InternationalRF Regulatory: Least Common International Denominator…
10mW EIRP, Clients and Access Devices !
Short Term: Star Topology, Connectivity Only At PortalsSlow Alarm delivery time
Need: Mesh, Persistent Connectivity = Near Real-time SurveillanceLow Alarm Delivery Delay; Better cargo health monitoring
MAC/PHY: 802.15.4Network Layer TBD (Interim: Custom) Battery Life Determinate: Network Discovery (nomadic nodes)
? ’15.4e w/Time-Sychronized MAC For Battery Powered Routers + RF Impairments-driven Mesh Routing
Our Interest: Aid In Standards, Verification, Field Proofs, etc.
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
ASSESSMENTS WORK
1 Multipath and non-line-of-sight diffraction in dense container situations:
“Is Meshing Needed”
2 Container to distant data center connectivity with containers on moving trucks
“10mW EIRP limit, Highly Non-LOS”
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
ASSESSMENTSFor Near-Persistent Connectivity (low event-alarm delay)…
Is O-QPSK Sufficient? Can A Star Topology Work? Is A Mesh Truly Needed? Impact Of 10mW EIRP Limits?
.
In 2006/7, We Performed: Dense Container communications Environment Propagation Study (DCEPS)…– Measured Multipath Delay Spread vs. Situation– Measured Attenuation In Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS)– Assessed 802.15 PHY and COTS Product Vs. Impairments
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
ASSESSMENTS
DCEPS
Test Site 2
Long Beach, CA
Thanks To:
Consolidated Freightways, Inc.
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
DCEPS MULTIPATH MEASUREMENTS
Use Long DSSS PN Sequence, High Correlation GainVarieties Of NLOS Propagation Conditions
MATLAB Software, Plot Power vs. Time
Review Power Delay Spread w.r.t. Direct PathCompare to 802.15.4’s Chip/Symbol Characteristics
Tektronix Waveform Generator w/Long PN Sequence, 2.4GHz
Agilent Lab Power Amp.
Tektronix Real-Time Sampling Spectrum Analyzer
Tektronix Lab Low Noise Amp.
Varying Conditions
MATLAB Analysis Programs
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
Multipath Delay Profiles
Received Power vs. Time
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
DCEPS CONCLUSIONSWorst Observed Multipath:
Wide Vehicle-Alleys In Yard due to Radar Cross-section.
But OK vs. 15.4’s Longer Symbol Period
NLOS Range Much Better Than ExpectedDiffraction Effects?
Tabulated Results In DCEPS Report (unpublished)
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
Moving Containers, Non-line-of-sight
Simulated 3-lane Yard Gate
Oval Truck Route, ~30mph
Sandia National Labs, NM
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
Test Device On Container (TDOC)
10 TDOCs, Installed Above Doors
PCB Chip Antenna EIRP: ~7mW
ARM7 µP for Protocol and Application
Application Protocol: ACK, Seq. #, checksum
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
Non-LOS, 30Mph Link Reliability
Simulated Three-lane Terminal GateMoving Container 30mph At Gate, Oval RouteRF-obstructed by adjacent-lane containers
Access Device & Ant. Linked To San Diego Server
TDOCs On Door End Of Containers, Non-LOS
Site: Sandia Labs, AZ
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
SOFTWARE TOOL FOR ASSESSMENT Custom 2-way
Message Protocol
1/Sec/TDOC
Log RSSI, Message Latency, Timeouts, Errors, etc.
Forward To San Diego Database
(SOAP/AJAX)
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
Inside-Container AntennaMeasured Signal Strength At Varying Radii, 360 deg. 10mW
Better RSSI Than Expected
Probably can mesh to adjacent containers
Varies by Container Type
More tests planned
<January 2008>
<Steve Childress>, <SAIC>Submission
IEEE 802.15 – 15-09-071-00-0scwng
CONCLUSIONDesire to Collaborate
Standards: RF-Influenced Simple Mesh RoutingMesh Paradox: “Start-up”. Initially Meshes Are Sparse
Consider Logistics Vertical’s Use Cases (Logistics Vertical)• Nomadic Mesh Nodes (Containers, Detached Trailers, …)• High Node Density • International EIRP Limit
• Tests, Trials– Proof Of Concept In The Field– Compliance Tests for Application/Session + MAC Config.
THANKS! QUESTIONS?