SUBJECT INDEX

Accountability for pain control, 116 Acetaminophen (Tylenol), 129, 130 Activity and pain in children, 116-i17 Acupressure, 121 Addiction, drug, 113, 117, 134, 135 Adjuvant therapy, 127 Analgesics, 85, s e e also Narcotics

amount ordered v amount given, 113 combination comparisons, 129 comparing effectiveness, 88 controversies regarding usage, 137-138 guidelines for selection, 134 intraspinal administration, 137 measurement of relief, 90-91 nonnarcotic, 127-130 pain prevalence and, 89 pharmacologic activity, 131 - 132 respiratory effects, 132-133 route of administration, 117, 118, 134 symptomatic control of pain, 126 trust in, 114

Anger, 94 " Anxiety, 94, 105, 112 APC's, 129 Aspirin, 129 Assessment, nursing

acronym, 115 of children, ! 19-120 influencing factors, 110-1 i I location, 109-110 quantity, 109-110 vital signs, 113

Attention redirection, 105-106, 144 Attitudinal factors, I 1 I-112, 113 Audiotapes, use with children, 120 Autogenic relaxation, 142

Behavioral interventions, 105-106 Biofeedback, 106, 142-143 Bone marrow transplant (BMT), 100

behavioral interventions in unit, 106 therapy-induced toxicity and pain, 101-102 toxicity problems, 103 and usage of relaxation techniques, 147-149

Bone tumors, 89 Breast cancer, 89-90 Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), 88, 89-90 Brompton cocktail, 114, 137-138 Brown-S6quard syndrome, 101 Bupivacaine hydrochloride (Marcaine), 118 Butorphanol (Stadol), 130

Chemotherapy, 93, 97, 102 Children

accountability for pain control and, 116 causes of pain, 116 intervention strategies, 120-121 myths about pain, 116-118 pain, 121

Chloroprocaine hydrochloride (Nesacaine), 118 Chronic pain

narcotic dose titration and, 135 not associated with cancer, 96, 98 from cancer treatment, 94, 96-98 signs, 93 from tumor progression, 94

Clinical Nurse Specialist, 123 Coanalgesics, 126-127 Codeine, 114, 129 Cognitive-behavioral techniques, 85, 105-106 Cognitive-social learning approach, 144-145 Colorectal cancer, 90 Coping

established patterns, 114-115 strategies, 85 teaching skills to patients, 105 training in skills, 144 by withdrawal, 111

Corticosteroids, 100-101, s e e a l so Steroid pseudorheu- matism

Cultural background, and pain, 112-113 Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), 101-102 Cystitis, 102

Darvon Compound, 114 Definition of pain, 83, 93 Denial of pain, 117-118 Depression, 94, I 11-112 Determinants of pain, 85 Dextroamphetamine, 138 Diaminodichloroplatinum, 100 Distraction, as pain reducer, 111, 149

Eland Color Tool, 116, 119-120 Electroencephalographic biofeedback (EEG), 143 Electromyographic biofeedback (EMG), 142-143 Emesis, 104, 106, s e e also Vomiting Endorphins, 121, 126 Enkephalins, 126 Environmental reinforcement to pain behavior, 143 Esophageal tearing, 102 Ethoheptazine (Zactane), 129 Experience of pain, 84-85

Cancer therapy neurotoxicity, 100 pain associated with, 93-94, 97-98 behavioral interventions, 105-106 medical interventions, 102-105

Categorical scales, 88 Causes of pain, 116 Central nervous system, analgesics and, 130, 132 Chemoradiotherapy, complications, 102-103

Family involvement, in relaxation techniques, 148 Friends, involvement in relaxation techniques, 148

Gate Control theory, 84-85, 141 Graft-v-host disease (GVHD), I02, 147 Guided imagery, 147

Harvard Patient Controlled Analgesia System, 104 Headaches, 102

Seminars in Oncology Nursing, Vol I, No 2 (May), 1985: pp 151-153 151

152 SUBJECT INDEX

Heavy metal therapy, 100 Heroin, v morphine, 138 Herpes zoster, 101-102 Hydromorphone hydrochloride (Dilaudid) 138 Hyperglycemia, 133-134 Hypnosis, 147, 149

in children, 120 pain relief strategies, 105, 141-142 use in marrow transplant unit, 106

Ibuprofen (Motrin), 130 Improvement in pain, 91 Indicators of pain, 87 Influencing factors, 110- I ! I Intensity of pain, and behavior, 143 Interdisciplinary communication of pain, 118-119, 124 Interference caused by pain, 89 International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP),

83, 93 Interventions, therapeutic, see Treatment of Pain Interpretation of pain, 85

Kappa selective agonists, 104

Leukemia(s), 89, 101-102 Lidocaine hydrochloride (Xylocaine), 118 Life Care PCA Infuser, 104 Location of pain, 89

in children, 118 nursing assessment, 109-110

Lung cancer, 89 Lymphoma, 89

Malingering, 113, ! 14 Mallory-Weiss syndrome, 102 Management of pain, s e e also Relief of pain; Treatment

of pain barriers to effectiveness, 124-125 collaboration and, 124 preparation for, 124 previous and its effects, i 13-114 setting and, 123-124

McGill Pain Questionnaire, 86, 88 Measurement

reliabiIity and validity, 89 of pain location, 89 of pain relief, 90-91 of pain severity, 88-89 questionnaires, 88

Medical interventions, 102-105 Meditation, 106 Mefenamic acid (Ponstel), 129 Meperidine hydrochloride (DemerolL 103, 104, 114, 133,

135 Mepivacaine hydrochloride ¢Carbocaine). l l8 Metastatic disease, 90, 91 Methadone (Dolophine), 131, 134 Methotrexate, intrathecal complications, 100 Microangiography, mmerahzmg, 100 Microbial infections, and pain, 101 Morphine, 103-104, l l4, 135

Brompton cocktail and, 137-138

v heroin, 138 intravenous infusion, 135-136

Mu selective agonists, 104 Mucositis, oral, I00, 103, 106 Multidimensional nature of pain, 85-86, 114 Muscle relaxation, progressive, 106 Myelopathy, radiation, 98, 101

Nalbuphine (Nubain), 130 Naloxone hydrochloride (Narcan), 113, 134 Narcotic antagonists, 136 Narcotics, 130, s e e a l so Analgesics

administration to children, 117 cardiovascular effects, 133 choice of, 134-135 endocrine effects, 133-134 gastrointestinal effects, 133 intraspinal administration, 136 intravenous infusions, 135-136 side effects, 132 urinary effects, 133

Nausea, 104, 106, 147, 148 Neospinothalamic projection system, 85 Nerves, tumor infiltration of, 96 Nervous system, of children, 116 Neurologic procedures, 85 Neurotoxicity, 100-101 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, 128, 130

Observations in nursing assessment, 111 - 113 v self-report, 87 use of, 114

On-call phone lists, 120 Oncology nurse(s)

delivery of opioid analgesics and, 104 intervention decision tree, I 11 observations, 87 role in pain management, 123-124

Operant conditioning strategy, 135, 143-144 Opiate(s)

effects on respiratory system, 132-133 endogenous, 126 intrathecal and epidural administration, 136 receptors, 126, 136 spinal, major objections to, 136

Opioid(s), 102-103, 136 Oral rinses, 103 Organic causes of pain, 85 Ototoxicity, 100 Ovarian cancer, 90 Oxycodone, 129

Pain behaviors, 143 Pain clinics, 123-124 Pain syndromes, common, 98 Parents, and pain in children, i 18 Patient education, 148 Patient profile, 93-98 Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), 104-105, 138 Pattern theory of pain, 84 Pentazocine (Talwin), 129-130

SUBJECT INDEX 153

Perception of pain, 83-84, 126 Pharmacological treatments, 141 Phenacetin, 129 Physiologic factors, 94, I I I Platinum, 100 Postsurgical syndromes, 97 Prevalence of pain, 89-90, 91, 93

observation v self-report, 87 Procaine hydrochloride (Novocaine), 118 Progressive muscle relaxation, 142, 147, 149 Promazine (Sparine), 129 Propoxyphene (Darvon), 129 Prostaglandins, 129-130 Prostate cancer, 90 Psychologic factors, 94, i 11 Psychological management approaches

cognitive-social learning approach, 144-145 hypnosis, 141-142 multidimensional nature of pain and, 141 operant techniques, 143-144 relaxation training and biofeedback, 142-143 v somatic treatment, 145

Quantity of pain, 109-110. s e e a l so Severity of pain Questionnaires, 88

Radiation therapy, 85, 93, 98 Rapport, positive establishment, 148 Reaction component of pain, 84-85 Receptor selective agonism, I03 Relaxation techniques, 144

in bone marrow transplant patients, 147-149 problems, 149 with biofeedback, 143 training, 142, 148

Relief of pain, s e e also Management of pain; Treatment of pain

categorization, 88 effects reported by patients, 113-114 existing methods, 127 goals and intervention strategies for children, 120-121 measurement, 90-91 pattern of use and, 111-112 methods classification, 1 I0

Reporting of pain, 87-88 Respiratory depression, 104, 136

and narcotic administration in children, 117 narcotic analgesics and, 132-133

Rheumatoid arthritis, 90

Scales for quantifying pain, 88-89, 111 Self-control, in hospital setting, 105 Self-hypnosis, 142 Self-reports, 87, 91

and decision tree for intervention planning, 110-111 Sensory component of pain, 84-85 Severity of pain, 90

analgesic therapy based on, 126-127 future study, 91 measurement, 88-89

Skin conductance level biofeedback (SCL), 143 Specificity theory of pain, 84 Stabbing pain, 129-130 Steroid pseudorheumatism, 97, I01 Subjective nature of pain, 83 Support, for relaxation techniques, 148 Surgical treatment approaches, 85, 141

Terminal cancer, 91 prevalence of pain, 89 treatment of pain, 96-98

Theories of pain, 84-85 Tolerance

drug, 103, 113, 134-135 to pain, 93-94

Topical agents, 103 Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulators (TENS), 120-

121 Treatment of pain, s ee a l so Management of pain; Relief

of pain behavioral interventions, 105-106 development and testing of interventions, 86 measurement of relief, 90-91 medical interventions, 102-105 modalities offered at pain clinics, 123 objectives, 138 patient profiles and, 93-98 previous and its effects, 113-114

Tumor-associated pain, 93, 95-96

Uterine corpus cancer, 90

Vinca alkaloids, 100 Visual analogue scales, 88-89

for children, 116, 119-120 quantification of pain, 109, I 11

Vital signs, 113 Vomiting, 147-148, see a lso Emesis

Wisconsin Brief Pain Questionnaire, 88