Study on the Survivability and Adaptation of Humans to Long … · 2006. 7. 18. · Study on the...

ESTEC, 30 May 2001Final Presentation

4300-1

HUMEX WP 4300

Study on the Survivability and Adaptation of Humans to Long-Duration Interplanetary and Planetary

Environments

WP 4300Advanced Life Support Development:

Environmental Monitoring

P. Rettberg, DLR, Köln


4300-2

HUMEX WP 4300

Environmental Monitoring Philosophy

n to diagnose and feed back information to a warning or control system

ên to control the steady state conditions in the life

support systems within pre-defined limitsn to minimize the risks of unacceptable exposures of

the crew


4300-3

HUMEX WP 4300

Monitoring of physical, chemical and environmental factors inside and outside of the LSS

Air trace gasses, particles, toxins and genotoxins, temperature and humidity, microbial pathogens

Water particles, toxins and genotoxins, temperature, microbial pathogens

Light intensity, quality, duration

Radiation composition of cosmic radiation, solar activity, dose rates

Interactions microgravity and radiation


4300-4

HUMEX WP 4300

Physico-chemical environmental monitoring systems

l gas chromatography

l mass spectrometry

l Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectrometry

l multiple sensor arrays (‚electronic nose‘)

l TLDs and active dosimeters for radiation


4300-5

HUMEX WP 4300

Monitoring by use of biosensors

Sensor biological material,biologically-derived material, orbiomimic material (e.g. tissue, microorganisms, organelles, cell receptors, enzymes,antibodies, nucleic acids)

Reporter physicochemical transducer or transducingmicrosystem, (e.g. optical, electrochemical,

thermometric, piezoelectric, magnetic)


4300-6

HUMEX WP 4300

Biological monitoring systems and bioassays

• Intrinsic and extrinsic monitoring systemsfor genotoxic effects indicative for the action of radiation,

cancerogenic chemicals and/or potential interactions with microgravity and radiation

• Cellular biosensorsbased on the receptor-reporter principle with rapid on-line detection of environmental changes

• DNA biosensorsfor rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms

• Miniaturized sensors based on antibodies, enzymes, or biomimeticsfor a wide range of environmental applications


4300-7

HUMEX WP 4300

Intrinsic monitoring systems:Biological dosimetry of radiation exposure

Chromosome aberrations

Frequency of chromosome aberrations during a 1000 day Mars

mission


4300-8

HUMEX WP 4300

GFP-Technology

GFP gene from Aequoria victoriaselection of a suitable promotertransfection into mammalian cellsin vivo fluorescent measurement of GFP

Extrinsic monitoring systems:Cellular biosensors for toxins and genotoxins


4300-9

HUMEX WP 4300

Development of an integrated and/or modularmonitoring and quality control system with a

variety of minituarized sensors and instruments

R & D needed in environmental monitoring


4300-10

HUMEX WP 4300

Monitoring of chemical composition / contamination of air, water, surfaces

Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization - Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometer (MALDI-TOF)



4300-11

HUMEX WP 4300

Monitoring of chemical composition / contamination of air, water, surfaces

Sensor Array Technology using biomimetics(Molecular Imprinted Polymers: MIP)


MIP array chipUniversity of Cranfield


4300-12

HUMEX WP 4300

Development of cellular biosensors: TRIPLE-LUX, a first example of a biosensor test battery on the ISS

(PI B. Hock, Munich, Germany)


• bacterial SOS-LUX-Test forgenotoxic agents

• phagocytosis in invertebrate immune cells and

• phagocytosis in vertebrateimmune cells testing impairment of immune functions


4300-13

HUMEX WP 4300

Monitoring of spacecraft / habitat microbial fauna

Monitoring:n DNA microarraysn Protein chips

⇒ Cleaning / sterilization procedures for

– air,– water,– surfaces



4300-14

HUMEX WP 4300

Identification of biomarkers to control state of BLSS

Development of autonomously operating biosensors and bioassays for metabolite and gene expression profiling


Yeast SpirulinaE. coli


4300-15

HUMEX WP 4300

Identification of biomarkers for the verification of the genetic identity, integrity and stability of BLSS


Development of autonomously operating biosensors and bioassays for metabolite and gene expression profiling

DNA gel Protein gel DNA gel


4300-16

HUMEX WP 4300

Development of an integrated and/or modularmonitoring and quality control system with a

variety of minituarized sensors and instruments

For biodiagnostics of• human health• habitat environment (air, water, waste, microflora, food)• BLSS

with strong synergies with terrestrial applications

Study on the Survivability and Adaptation of Humans to Long … · 2006. 7. 18. · Study on the...

Documents

Transcript of Study on the Survivability and Adaptation of Humans to Long … · 2006. 7. 18. · Study on the...