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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2017, pp. 1778–1784, Article ID: IJCIET_08_04_201 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=4 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316 © IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed

STUDY ON CO2 ABSORBING CONCRETE Syed Eashan Adil

Senior Assistant Professor and Head of Civil Engineering Department, Aurora’s Engineering College, Bhongir, India

A Vasudev, P Vinay Kumar, A Santhosh Reddy

U.G Student, Civil Engineering Department, Auroras Engineering College, Bhongir, India

ABSTRACT In order to overcome serious climate change, deep reduction in co2 emission will

be required in coming decades. Co2 absorption is one of the key technology to control the global warming. Global warming is caused by sharply increased greenhouse gases emission by human activities. In building, industry co2 emission mainly come from cement production .In the experimental study, a feasibility study is made to use zeolite as an admixture to an already replaced Cement with (Portland Pozzolana Cement) in Concrete, and an attempt has been made to investigate the strength parameters of concrete (Compressive strength). For control concrete, IS method of M30 is adopted and considering this a basis, mix design for replacement method has been made. Three different replacement levels namely 10%,20% and 30% are chosen for study concern to replacement

Key words: zeolite, co2, compressive strength. Cite this Article: Syed Eashan Adil, A Vasudev, P Vinay Kumar and A Santhosh Reddy, Study on CO2 Absorbing Concrete, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 2017, pp. 1778-1784. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=4

1. INTRODUCTION As it is been found that obtuse quantity of CO2 get expelled from construction; impeding it would definitely reduce total percentage of CO2 emission. This emission should be stopped and CO2 from the air must be diminished putting this as a main soul we are designing a concrete (which is main constituent of construction) by taking Zeolite as a rationale. This Zeolite substitute for cement will consequently absorb the CO2. Zeolite is manufactured in factories. This kind of material has property to absorb CO2 with incredible strength. Because of this nature this material can be substituted in place of cement. This type of material is easily available in market. As the material literally costly even here the replacement is made only up to certain extent so that this will be affordable. Deliberating all these problems and properties of this material we are making this CO2 absorbing. Rather than disposing such materials, utilization in various types of cement of concrete such as “ CO2 absorbing

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concrete” can ultimately reduce the environment pollution and also help to establish CO2 less zonal atmosphere

2. LITERATURE REVIEW Meysam Najimi et.al. (2012) studied the application of natural zeolite as a supplementary cementitious material has been investigated. To this aim, some mechanical and durability properties of concrete made with 15% and 30% of natural zeolite are studied in comparison with concrete without natural zeolite replacement. The results revealed considerable effectiveness of natural zeolite application on water penetration, chloride ion penetration, corrosion rate and drying shrinkage of concrete; however, satisfactory performance was not observed in acid environment. Altogether, from the practical point of view, the incorporation of 15% natural zeolite was found as an appropriate option for improving strength and durability properties of concrete.

F. Canpolat et.al.(2003) studied the effects of zeolite, coal bottom ash and fly ash as Portland cement replacement materials on the properties of cement are investigated through three different combinations of test. These materials are substituted for Portland cement in diff erent proportions, and physical properties such as setting time, volume expansion, compressive strength and water consistency of the mortar are determined. Then, these physical properties are compared with those of PC 42.5. The results showed that replacement materials have some effects on the mechanical properties of the cement. The inclusion of zeolite up to the level of 15% resulted in an increase in compressive strength at early ages, but resulted in a decrease in compressive strength when used in combination with fly ash. Also, setting time was decreased when zeolite was substituted. The results obtained were compared with Turkish Standards (TS), and it was found that they are above the minimum requirements.

Er. K. JeganMohan studied on Partial Replacement of Zeolite with Cement Zeolites also crystallize in post depositional environments over periods ranging from thousands to millions of years in shallow marine basins .Concrete with zeolite as partial replacement material with mean ratio it absorb harmful gases and gives high compressive strength, hence it eco friendly In both substitution of 10% & 30% of zeolite in concrete brings similar compressive strength. To reduce the cost of construction to use 10 % of zeolite preferable.

3. MATERIAL PROPERTIES

3.1. Cement In this present work Portland pozzolona cement confirming to IS 1489:1991 was used. This type of cement is obtained by grounding the Portland cement clinker with fine pozzolanic material and adding possible amount of gypsum. The properties of cement are shown below

Table 1 Physical Properties of Cement

S.No Property Value 1 Specific gravity 2.74 2 Standard consistency 35% 3 Initial setting time 40min

3.2. Zeolite Zeolite is a rock composed of micro porous alumina silicates, and oxygen. It occurs naturally in several regions of the world where volcanic activity has occurred near water. Since they're

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unreactive and based on naturally occurring minerals, they're not believed to have any harmful environmental impacts .

Table 2 Physical Properties of Zeolite

Figure 1 Zeolite and Specific Gravity Test

3.3. Coarse Aggregate Coarse aggregates of sizes 20 mm were used confirming to IS383.1970.the various aggregate properties were tested accordingly and their value are shown below in Table

Table 3 Physical Properties of Coarse aggregate

S.No Property Value 1 Specific gravity 2.80 2. Water absorption 1.1 3 Bulk density in loose state 1414 kg/m3 4 Bulk density in compacted state 1550 kg/m3

3.4. Fine Aggregate Fine aggregate having the size less than 2.36mm, these are generally used in preparation of concrete, as it in parametric material.

Table 4 Physical Properties of Fine Aggregate

S.No Property Value 1 Specific gravity 2.61 2. Water absorption 1.2 3. fineness modulus 2.4 4 Bulk Density in loose state 1597 kg/m3 5 Bulk Density in compacted state 1700kg/m3

3.5. Water Water Mixing of concrete and curing of the prepared specimens was done using water available in college premises.

S.No Property Value 1 Specific gravity 2.3

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4. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION In present study M30 grade concrete were designed as per IS: 10262-2009

4.1. Compressive Strength The specimens were cast and tested as per IS: 516-1959.In this investigation, M30 mix concrete is considered to perform the test by-weight basis with 0%,10%,20% and 30% of cement replaced by Zeolite.A 150x150 mm concrete cube was used as test specimens to determine the compressive strength of concrete cubes. The ingredients of concrete were thoroughly mixed till uniform consistency was achieved. The cubes were properly compacted. All the concrete cubes were de-moulded within 24 hours after casting. The de-moulded test specimens were properly cured in water available in the laboratory at an age of 28 days. Compression test was conducted on a 2000KN capacity universal testing machine. The load is applied without shock and increased continuously at a rate of approximately 140 kg/sq cm/min.

Table 5 Compressive strength for 3,7 &28 days for various mix proportions

S.No Percentage of Replacement

No Of Days Cubes Are Tested

Avg. Compressive Strength N/mm2

1 0% 3 12 7 18

28 31 2 10% Zeolite 3 12.5

7 19.5 28 32

3 20% Zeolite 3 13.5 7 20.5

28 35 4 30% Zeolite

3 8 7 16

28 28.5

Figure 2 Compressive Strength Test

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Figure 3 Compressive Strength Different Zeolite Mixes

4.2. Test on Zeolite Block Calculation of CO2 absorbed by blocks= Final Weight – Initial weight/Molecular weight of CO2. CO2 absorbed by B1= 755-745/44 =0.22 mole CO2 absorbed by B2= 741-735/44 = 0.14mole CO2 absorbed by B3= 828-757/44 = 1.61mole

Table 6 Amount of CO2 absorbed by each zeolite block

S.No Block Number Amount Of CO2 Absorbed( Mole) 1 B0 0 2 B1(10% zeolite) 0.22 3 B2(20% zeolite) 0.14 4 B3(30% zeolite) 1.61

Figure 4 Amount Of CO2 Absorbed for Nominal,10,20, 30% Zeolite Powder

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0% 10% zeolite 20% zeolite 30% zeolite

Compressive

strength

3 days

7 days

28 days

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

NOMINAL MIX B1 B2 B3

CO2

Absorbed

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5. CONCLUSION Based on the experimental results and their plots and subsequent discussion on the results the following conclusions are drawn.

The compressive strength increased as the percentage of addition increased, but zeolite powder concrete developed slightly higher compressive strength than those of without zeolite powder concrete.

The concrete cubes that are replaced with zeolite powder which are placed in polluted environment the weight of the cubes increases with original weight.

From the above compressive strength results, it is observed that zeolite powder based concretes have achieved an high strength for replacement of zeolite powder for 28 days when compared to conventional concrete.

The graph shows that there is no effect on strength of block prepared by zeolite sand and powder as a substitute.

Hence this can be utilized without any problem in the buildings. The zeolite block can be used in the road pavements, Chimney of factory as well as at the faces of building.

Apart from that construction industry contribute 70% of the total CO2 expelling. As while cement production and at the time of curing of the structure it will get evolved into atmosphere.

It is very important to reduce CO2 emission. Hence it must be used in the construction.

6. FUTURE SCOPE Similar investigation can be for M40, M50 and also for high strength concrete.

As the zeolite has good absorption properties so it can be used in road pavements.

Similar investigations of different mix proportions can be done for flexure test.

Carbonation test has to be done similarly for 56, 90 days.

By adding different admixtures i.e super plasticizer for workability

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors wish to thank Mr. Syed Eashan Adil, senior assistant professor and HOD of civil department and I also thank T. Divya Bhavana and Deepak patil senior Assistant professor for internal guidance, Aurora Engineering College for their kind support, valuable guidance and providing all facilities for conducting this experiment on replacement of zeolite in concrete.

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Syed Eashan Adil, A Vasudev, P Vinay Kumar and A Santhosh Reddy

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Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tenn., U.S.A. doi 10.3334/CDIAC/00001_V2010.

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