Study Bg 538 1 Demand Plan
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Transcript of Study Bg 538 1 Demand Plan
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Design of Water Supply and Sewer Systems
Teaching language: English
Main Topics
A. Design of Water Supply Systems
I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System (Drawing1)
II. Dimensioning of the Water Supply Distribution System(Drawing 2)
III. Design of Water Tank (Drawing 3)
B. Design of Sewer Systems
V. Plan of the Sewer System (Drawing 4)
VI. Design Requirements and Dimensioning of the Sewer
System
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Design of Water Supply and Sewer Systems
Advised Literature
1. Arsov, R., Lecture Notes (Power Point slides), UACG, Sofia,2003
2. Ignatova, Sl., Tutorial Notes (Power Point slides), UACG, Sofia,
2008
3. ,., ,
, 1981
4. , ., ., , ., ,, 1993, 2001
5. , ., ., , ,
1982
6. , ., ,
, 1992
7. , ., . , ,
1964, 1977
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I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.1 Water Demand of the Settlement
Elements of theWater SupplySystem
1 - intake ( spring )
2 - external
pipelines3 - pump station
4 - water tank
(service
reservoir)
5 - feeder6 - main branches
7 - distribution
branches
Fig.1
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I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.1 Water Demand of the Settlement
Consumption of potable water in the settlement
A. Distributed consumers:
Population
Cattle
Sheep and Goats
B. Localized consumers:
Hospital
Restaurant
Factory:
- water for production technology- drinking water for the workers during the shift
- water for taking shower after the shift
C. Water for fire extinguishing
Possible burst of fire somewhere in the settlement.
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I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.1 Water Demand of the Settlement
Calculation of the water demand
Average daily demand of a consumer type
dmqNQ dav 3,1000
.
Maximum daily demand of a consumer type
dmQKQ davdd3
,,max
Maximum hourly demand of a consumertype
hmQKQK
Q havhdh
h
3
,
,max
,max .24
.
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N
is the number of consumers of a specific type
is the water consumption norm of the consumer
is the coefficient of daily variability of consumption
is the coefficient of hourly variability of consumption
Dimension of q:
[dm3/consumer.day] for 1,2,and 3
[dm3/patient.day] for 4, [dm3/person.visit] for 5
[dm3/worker.shift] for 6b and 6c.
Water for fire extinguishing requirements:
q
dK
hK
I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.1 Water Demand of the Settlement
sdmQ f3
15
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Table of settlement demand
Consumer
1 Population 180 1.45 1.65
2 Cattle 50 1.8 2.5
3 Goats, sheep 10 1.8 2.5
4 Hospital 180 1.45 2.45
5 Restaurant 25 1.0 1.0
6 Factory
6a technology 1.0 1.0
6b drinking 35 1.0 2.5
6c shower 50 1.0 -----
Settlement
hK hQ ,maxdK dQ
,maxdavQ ,
hm /3dm /3dm /3N q
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Additional Information
The water for technology production is given directly as a
water flowrate.
The whole amount of water for taking shower is consumed
in the first hour after the end of the shift.
The water amount for the restaurant and the workers is
included in the norms of the population.
I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.1 Water Demand of the Settlement
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Water demand of the whole settlement
dmQQa
davdavset 3
6,4,3,2,1
,,
dmQQQ dlossa
ddset 3
,
6,4,3,2,1
max,,max
Maximum daily demand (used for sizing of 1,2,3 and 4
see Fig.1)
dmQQ davset
dloss3
,, 2.0
Maximum hourly demand (used for sizing of 5,6 and 7
see Fig.1)
hmQQQ hlossa
hhset 3
,
6,4,3,2,1
max,,max
hmQ
Q dav
set
hloss 3,
,24
2.0
I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.1 Water Demand of the Settlement
Average daily demand
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I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.2 Plan of the Distribution System
Main factors, influencing the preparation of the plan
The regulation plan of the settlement
The situation of the localized consumers
The relief of the area
The availability of natural and artificial obstacles
The location of the water sources
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Plan of the Distribution System (Drawing 1)
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I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.2 Plan of the Distribution SystemContents of the Plan
The numeration of the quarters (in the center of the
quarters)
The numeration of the crossroads (in the numerator)
The elevations of the crossroads (in the denominator, in m)
The main and distribution branches with the desireddirection of flow
The length of the branches between the crossroads (in m)
The numeration of the branches (of the main branches inRoman numbers; of the distribution branches in Arabicnumbers, according to the order of their origin from themains)
The fire hydrants
The stop valves
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I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.2 Plan of the Distribution System
Rules for drawing of the main branches
The direction of the water movement in the main branchesmust follow the general direction from the source to thesettlement
The main branches must cover uniformly the area of thesettlement
The main branches must have looped outline
The number of main branches is determined according tothe requirement: the loops must be elongated following thegeneral direction of water flow; the longer size of the loopsmust vary from 400 to 800 m, and the shorter one from 300
to 600 m The main branches should be traced through the areas of
the highest population density and pass just next to thelocalized consumers
When possible, they must be traced along the higher level
streets
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I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.2 Plan of the Distribution System
Rules for drawing of the distribution branches
The distribution branches must form loops, just like themains.
The direction of water movement in them must follow thegeneral direction from the source to the settlement. Some
exceptions are possible for meeting the requirement of theclosest crossroads.
The branches must have minimal length; it means that thewater must be supplied to each consumer from the nearest
crossroads where the main branch passes.
No water should be returned from the distribution branchesto the mains.
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I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.2 Plan of the Distribution System
Rules for situating of the stop valves
The valves operate at two positions: completely open
and completely closed. Usually they are used to
disconnect failed branches from the rest of the
distribution system and allow for repairs.
Stop valves on the main branches:
At the entrance of the feeder in the settlement
At the points of main branches deviations
At a distance of 300 to 400 m from each other
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I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Topic I.2 Plan of the Distribution System
Stop valves on the distribution branches:
At all deviations from the main branches
Placed in such a way, that in case of fire a group of several
distribution branches could be isolated, but in this group no
more than five fire hydrants must be situated
Symbols, used for the branches and appurtenances
Branch
Stop Valve
Fire Hydrant
beginning
en
d
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I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Vocabulary of the Terms
appurtenance
average daily demand
branch
cadastral plan
coefficient of daily variability ofconsumption
coefficient of hourly variability of
consumption
design
dimensioning
distributed consumers
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distribution branch
distribution system
external pipeline
failure of a branch
feeder
fire hydrant
flowrate
intake ,
localized consumers
loop
I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Vocabulary of the Terms
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main branch
maximum daily demand
maximum hourly demand
normal operation
plan of the distribution system
potable (drinking) water
pump station
repair of a branch
sewer system
sewerage
I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Vocabulary of the Terms
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spring
stop valve
wastewater treatment
water consumption norm
water demand ()water for fire extinguishing
water source
water supply
water supply system
water tank (service reservoir)
water treatment
I. Water Demand and Plan of the Distribution System
Vocabulary of the Terms