Studies in American Tort Law - Carolina Academic Press · 2018. 7. 2. · Studies in American Tort...

Studies in American Tort Law

johnson liu satl 6e final pages.indb 1 6/18/18 11:55 AM

Studies in American Tort Law

sixth edition

Vincent R. JohnsonSouth Texas Professor of Law

St. Mary’s University

Chenglin LiuProfessor of Law

St. Mary’s University

Carolina Academic PressDurham, North Carolina


Copyright © 2018Carolina Academic Press, LLCAll Rights Reserved

LCCN: 2018939847ISBN: 978-1-5310-0981-6eISBN: 978-1-53100-982-3

Carolina Academic Press, LLC700 Kent StreetDurham, North Carolina 27701Telephone (919) 489-7486Fax (919) 493-5668www.cap-press.com

Printed in the United States of America


To the happy memory of my parents, Anna Ruth Johnson and Harry P. Johnson, for providing a world of opportunity and inspiration

—VRJ

To my family—CL


vii

Summary of Contents

Chapter 1 An Overview of Modern Tort Liability: Intentional Injury, Failure to Exercise Care, and Strict Liability 3

Chapter 2 Basic Intentional Torts 49

Chapter 3 Defenses and Privileges 157

Chapter 4 Damages 205

Chapter 5 Negligence: Basic Princi ples 265

Chapter 6 Proving Negligence 369

Chapter 7 Factual Causation 409

Chapter 8 Proximate Causation 469

Chapter 9 Limited Duty: Failure to Act 531

Chapter 10 Limited Duty: Premises Liability 599

Chapter 11 Limited Duty: Negligent Infliction of Severe Emotional Distress 649

Chapter 12 Limited Duty: Alcohol- Related Injuries 687

Chapter 13 Torts Involving Conception, Pregnancy, Birth, and Adoption 711

Chapter 14 Strict Liability 735

Chapter 15 Products Liability 789

Chapter 16 Defenses Based on Plaintiff ’s Conduct 855

Chapter 17 Joint Tortfeasors 903

Chapter 18 Immunities 933

Chapter 19 Statutes of Limitations 967

Chapter 20 Interference with Possession or Use of Land: Trespass and Nuisance 989

Chapter 21 Misrepre sen ta tion 1039

Chapter 22 Defamation 1087

Chapter 23 Invasion of Privacy 1153

Index 1195


ix

Contents

Table of Cases xxiiiTable of Books and Authorities liiiFirst Edition Preface lixSixth Edition Preface and Acknowledgements lxi

Chapter 1 · An Overview of Modern Tort Liability: Intentional Injury, Failure to Exercise Care, and Strict Liability 3A. Intentionally Inflicted Injury 12

Garratt v. Dailey 12B. Actions Based on Lack of Care 16

Doe v. Roe 16Cohen v. Petty 23

C. Strict Liability Conduct 27Harris v. Anderson County Sheriff ’s Office 27

D. An Introduction to Insurance 371. Liability Insurance 38

Crisci v. Security Insurance Co. of New Haven 392. First- Party Insurance 46

Chapter 2 · Basic Intentional Torts 49A. The Concept of Intent 49

1. Intent to Injure 49Lambertson v. United States 49

2. Intent and Mistake 52Ranson v. Kitner 52

3. Intent and Insanity 54McGuire v. Almy 54

4. Transferred Intent 59Keel v. Hainline 59Brudney v. Ematrudo 65

B. Battery and Assault 67Noble v. Louisville Transfer Co. 68Picard v. Barry Pontiac- Buick, Inc. 72Moore v. El Paso Chamber of Commerce 73Western Union Telegraph Co. v. Hill 76

C. Intentional or Reckless Infliction of Severe Emotional Distress 82


x CONTENTS

1. In General 82Harris v. Jones 85

2. Abusive Language 96Slocum v. Food Fair Stores of Florida, Inc. 96

3. Domestic Vio lence and Harassment 99Feltmeier v. Feltmeier 99

4. Bystanders and Third Persons 110D. False Imprisonment 116

1. Unconsented Intentional Confinement within Bound aries 116Bird v. Jones 116

2. Unlawful Force, Threat of Force, or Assertion of Legal Authority 120Morales v. Lee 120Enright v. Groves 123Johnson v. Barnes & Noble Booksellers, Inc. 125

3. Defenses 128Peterson v. Sorlien 128

E. Trespass to Land 134F. Trespass to Chattels and Conversion 135

CompuServe, Inc. v. Cyber Promotions, Inc. 136Henson v. Reddin 140Russell- Vaughn Ford, Inc. v. Rouse 144Kremen v. Cohen 149

Chapter 3 · Defenses and Privileges 157A. Consent 157

1. Consent in Fact 158Davies v. Butler 158

2. Apparent Consent 160O’Brien v. Cunard S.S. Co. 160

3. Implied Consent 162Miller v. HCA, Inc. 162

4. Consent Given Because of a Mistake 166DeMay v. Roberts 166

B. Defense of Self and Others 171Silas v. Bowen 171Drabek v. Sabley 176

C. Privileges Relating to Property 1791. Defense of Property 179

Katko v. Briney 1792. Recapture of Chattels 1833. Detention for Investigation 184

Dillard Department Stores, Inc. v. Silva 184D. Public Necessity and Private Necessity 188

Surocco v. Geary 188


CONTENTS xi

Wegner v. Milwaukee Mutual Insurance Co. 190Vincent v. Lake Erie Transp. Co. 193Ploof v. Putnam 195

E. Unlawful Conduct 197Barker v. Kallash 197

Chapter 4 · Damages 205A. In General 205

1. Introduction 205Anderson v. Sears, Roebuck & Co. 205Meyer ex rel. Coplin v. Fluor Corporation 214

2. The Collateral- Source Rule 217Helfend v. Southern California Rapid Transit District 217

3. The Avoidable- Consequences Rule 221Zimmerman v. Ausland 221

4. Pre- Judgment Interest 223B. Survival and Wrongful- Death Actions 225

Gonzalez v. New York City Housing Authority 228Economic Analy sis: Damages, Deterrence, and Compensation:

Valuing Lives and Safety Precautions 234C. Damages for Loss of Earning Capacity 236

1. Earning History 237O’Shea v. Riverway Towing Co. 237

2. Taxation of Awards 240D. Punitive Damages 242

State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. v. Campbell 246Prob lem: Overbilling Clients 261

E. Statutory Limits on Damage Recoveries and Related “Reform” Legislation 262

Chapter 5 · Negligence: Basic Princi ples 265A. The Concept of Duty 265

Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co. 266B. The Negligence Balancing Test 274

Nussbaum v. Lacopo 274Gulf Refining Co. v. Williams 276United States v. Carroll Towing Co. 278Negligence as an Economic Concept 281Chicago, B & Q. R.R. Co. v. Krayenbuhl 283

C. The Reasonable- Person Standard 2861. Jury Instructions on Reasonable Care 288

a. The Actor’s Good Faith 290b. Sudden Emergencies 290

Bedor v. Johnson 290c. Physical Disabilities 296


xii CONTENTS

d. Religious Beliefs 298Williams v. Bright 298

e. Age 301Goss v. Allen 301

f. Mental Deficiencies 305Breunig v. American Family Ins. Co. 305

g. Superior Skills or Knowledge 308h. Professional Credentials: Legal Malpractice and Medical

Malpractice 308Biomet Inc. v. Finnegan Henderson LLP 309Russo v. Griffin 318Boyce v. Brown 322Scott v. Bradford 328

i. Race, Gender, and Ethnicity 334John Doe BF v. Diocese of Gallup 337

2. Judge- Made Standards 338Helling v. Carey 340

3. Standards Created by Statute 3424. Standards Adopted by Courts Based on Legislation 343

a. In General 344Gipson v. Kasey 344Stachniewicz v. Mar- Cam Corp. 347Miglino v. Bally Total Fitness of Greater New York, Inc. 351

b. Unexcused Violations of Statute 355Martin v. Herzog 355

c. Excused Violations of Statute 358Ranard v. O’Neil 358Zeni v. Anderson 359

d. Compliance with Statute 362Montgomery v. Royal Motel 362

e. Defenses to Liability Based on Statute 366D. Special Standards of Care 367

Chapter 6 · Proving Negligence 369A. Evidence of Custom 369

The T.J. Hooper 369Low v. Park Price Co. 371

B. Circumstantial Evidence 3741. Constructive Notice 375

Goddard v. Boston & M.R. Co. 375Anjou v. Boston Elevated Ry. Co. 375

2. Mode of Operation 377Sheehan v. Roche Brothers Supermarkets, Inc. 377

C. Res Ipsa Loquitur 380


CONTENTS xiii

1. Prob ably the Result of Negligence 3802. Facts Pointing to the Defendant 383

a. Control 383Mobil Chemical Co. v. Bell 383

b. Greater Access to Information 390Mahowald v. Minnesota Gas Co. 390

c. Res Ipsa, the Plaintiff ’s Own Conduct, and Other Pos si ble Causes 392

d. Procedural Effect 394Mangual v. Berezinsky 395

D. Multiple Defendants 397Ybarra v. Spangard 397

E. Disposing of Unfavorable Evidence 401Trevino v. Ortega 401

Chapter 7 · Factual Causation 409A. An Overview of Causation 409

Williams v. Steves Industries, Inc. 409B. The Traditional Rules of Factual Causation 412

1. Sine Qua Non: The But- For Test 412Reynolds v. Texas and Pacific Railway Co. 412Kramer Ser vice, Inc. v. Wilkins 414Saelzler v. Advanced Group 400 416

2. In de pen dently Sufficient Causes and Related Prob lems 421Anderson v. Minneapolis, St. P. & S.S.M. Ry. Co. 421

3. The “Loss of a Chance” Rule 426Matsuyama v. Birnbaum 426“Loss of a Chance” and Deterrence 431

C. Modifications of the Traditional Approach 4321. Multiple Fault and Alternative Liability 432

Summers v. Tice 4322. Market- Share Liability and Enterprise Liability 434

Sindell v. Abbott Laboratories 434Hymowitz v. Eli Lilly and Co. 442

D. Liability Based on Concerted Action 450Herman v. Wesgate 450Kubert v. Best 451Lussier v. Bessette 455

E. Incitement 462

Chapter 8 · Proximate Causation 469A. Introduction 469B. Direct Causation 472C. Foreseeability 474


xiv CONTENTS

(“Wagon Mound No. 1”) Overseas Tankship (U.K.) Ltd. v. Morts Dock & Engineering Co., Ltd. 474

(“Wagon Mound No. 2”) Overseas Tankship (U.K.) Ltd. v. Miller Steamship Co. 478

1. The “Eggshell Skull” Doctrine 480Simeonidis v. Mashantucket Pequot Gaming Enterprise 480Economic Analy sis: “Eggshell Skulls” and Proximate Cause 482

2. Manner of Occurrence and Kind and Extent of Harm 483Merhi v. Becker 483(“Kinsman No. 1”) Petition of Kinsman Transit Co. 485(“Kinsman No. 2”) Petition of Kinsman Transit Co. 488

D. Result within the Risk 4901. In General 490

Thompson v. Kaczinski 4912. Policy and Proximate Cause 498

Economic Analy sis: Avoiding Over- Deterrence 498E. Intervening and Superseding Causes 500

1. Foreseeable End Results 501Derdiarian v. Felix Contracting Corp. 501

2. Intervening Acts 503Chapman v. Milford Towing & Ser vice, Inc. 503Johnson v. Jacobs 505

3. Special Applications of the Rules on Intervening and Superseding Causes 510a. Rescuers 510

Altamuro v. Milner Hotel, Inc. 510b. Victim Suicide 517

4. Relationship to Comparative Princi ples 520F. Shifting Responsibility 521

Goar v. Village of Stephen 522Bailey v. Lewis Farm, Inc. 525

Chapter 9 · Limited Duty: Failure to Act 531A. The Traditional Rule of No Liability for Nonfeasance 531

Johnson v. Minnesota 532B. Qualifications and Exceptions 535

1. Duties Based on the Defendant’s Relationship to the Victim or the Injurer 535De Vera v. Long Beach Public Transportation Co. 535Munn v. The Hotchkiss School 538

2. Protection from Crime 546Remsburg v. Docusearch, Inc. 546Jones v. Secord 549Wolfe v. MBNA Amer i ca Bank 551


CONTENTS xv

3. Mental Health Professionals 554Peck v. Counseling Ser vice of Addison County, Inc. 554

4. Creation of a Dangerous Situation 559Borrack v. Reed 559

5. Voluntarily Assumed Duties 563Coffee v. McDonnell- Douglas Corp. 563Sall v. T’s, Inc. 570

6. Negligent Entrustment 578McKenna v. Straughan 578

7. Statutes Relating to Rescue 580C. Abrogation of the General Rule 583D. The Public- Duty Rule 584

Riss v. City of New York 584Sorichetti v. City of New York 590

Chapter 10 · Limited Duty: Premises Liability 599A. The Traditional Categories: Trespassers, Licensees, and Invitees 599

1. Trespassers 600Bonney v. Canadian National Railway Co. 600Humphrey v. Twin State Gas & Electric Co. 603Banker v. McLaughlin 605

2. Licensees and Invitees 608Andrushchenko v. Silchuk 610Campbell v. Weathers 614Inkel v. Livingston 617

3. Known or Obvious Dangers 619B. Modification of the Traditional Approach 621

1. Abrogation 621Foster v. Costco Wholesale Corp. 622

2. Recreational Use Statutes 625C. The Demands of Reasonable Care for Possessors 626

1. Ill and Injured Invitees 6272. Protection Against Crime 627

Trammell Crow Central Texas, Ltd. v. Gutierrez 628Boyd v. Racine Currency Exchange, Inc. 632

3. Duties to Persons Outside the Premises 634a. Persons “Invited” onto the Land of Another 634

Orthmann v. Apple River Campground, Inc. 634D. Lessors and Lessees 640

Matthews v. Amberwood Associates Ltd. Partnership, Inc. 641Restatement, Third, of Torts: Liability for Physical and

Emotional Harm 646

Chapter 11 · Limited Duty: Negligent Infliction of Severe Emotional Distress 649


xvi CONTENTS

A. Serious and Genuine Harm 649Lewis v. Westing house Electric Corporation 649

B. Some Special Cases 654Johnson v. New York 655

C. Distress Occasioned by Harm to Another 660Eskin v. Bartee 662

D. Relationship to Other Actions 6711. Loss of Consortium 671

Lozoya v. Sanchez 6712. Breach of Fiduciary Duty 675

F.G. v. MacDonell 675E. Abrogation of In de pen dent Actions Based on Negligence 681

Boyles v. Kerr 681

Chapter 12 · Limited Duty: Alcohol- Related Injuries 687A. Liability of Sellers 688

New York General Obligations Law 688B. Liability of “Social Hosts” 692

Kelly v. Gwinnell 692C. Possessors of Property 699

Del Lago Partners, Inc. v. Smith 699D. Other Theories of Liability 703

West v. East Tennessee Pioneer Oil Co. 703

Chapter 13 · Torts Involving Conception, Pregnancy, Birth, and Adoption 711A. Unwanted Pregnancy 711

McKernan v. Aasheim 711B. Wrongful Birth and Wrongful Life 717

Smith v. Cote 717C. Prenatal Injuries 726

Farley v. Sartin 726D. Wrongful Adoption 731

Burr v. Board of County Commissioners of Stark County 731

Chapter 14 · Strict Liability 735A. Employer and Employee 736

1. Workers’ Compensation 736New York Workers’ Compensation Law 738

2. Respondeat Superior 740Smith v. Lannert 740John R. v. Oakland Unified School District 748

3. Non- delegable Duties 753Davis v. Devereux Foundation 755Economic Analy sis: Deterrence under Negligence and

Strict Liability 763


CONTENTS xvii

4. Ostensible or Apparent Agency 765Baptist Memorial Hospital System v. Sampson 765

5. The Fellow- Servant Rule 769B. Harm Inflicted by Animals 769

Mary land Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings, § 3- 1901 770C. Abnormally Dangerous Activities 773

Stout v. Warren 773Economic Analy sis: Single- Injurer Accidents 778Economic Analy sis: Tort Liability and Cross- Subsidization 780

D. Other Theories 7831. Motor Vehicle Owner Responsibility Laws 7832. Family Purpose Doctrine 784

Starr v. Hill 784

Chapter 15 · Products Liability 789A. Historical Background 789

1. From “No Liability” to Negligence 7892. From Negligence to Strict Liability 790

Escola v. Coca Cola Bottling Co. of Fresno 794Restatement, Second, of Torts § 402A (1965) 796Restatement, Third, of Torts: Product Liability 799

B. Manufacturing Defects 803Linden v. CNH Amer i ca, LLC 803

C. Design Defects 806Pannu v. Land Rover North Amer i ca, Inc. 806Richetta v. Stanley Fastening Systems, L.P. 813

D. Failure to Warn 818Lavin v. Conte 818

E. Damage to Property 8301. Harm to the “Product Itself” 8302. The Economic Loss Rule(s) 831

Liability for Economic Losses 832a. The Broad Formulation of Economic Loss Rule 832b. Narrow Formulations of the Economic Loss Rule 835c. The Economic Loss Rule Today 836Sharyland Water Supply Corp. v. City of Alton 837

F. Defenses 8411. State- of- the- Art Defense 841

Economic Analy sis: Risk Spreading 8422. Government Contractor Defense 8433. “Misuse” and Other Plaintiff Misconduct 8444. Pre- Emption by Federal Law 846

Wyeth v. Levine 846G. Policy Issues 852


xviii CONTENTS

Economic Analy sis: Liability and Safety 8521. Product- Category Liability 853

Chapter 16 · Defenses Based on Plaintiff’s Conduct 855A. Traditional Contributory Negligence 855

1. In General 8552. Imputed Contributory Negligence 856

Western Union Tel. Co. v. Hoffman 8563. Last Clear Chance 858

B. Comparative Negligence 858Hilen v. Hays 858

C. Assumption of the Risk 8621. Introduction 862

Coleman v. Ramada Hotel Operating Co. 8622. Express Assumption of the Risk 866

Gross v. Sweet 8663. Primary Implied Assumption of the Risk 874

Turcotte v. Fell 874Trupia v. Lake George Central School District 881Minnich v. Med- Waste, Inc. 884

4. Secondary Implied Assumption of Risk 887Pachunka v. Rogers Construction, Inc. 887

D. Comparative Fault 892Kaneko v. Hilo Coast Pro cessing 892

E. The “Seatbelt Defense” 899

Chapter 17 · Joint Tortfeasors 903A. Joint and Several Liability 903

1. Definitions 9032. Divisibility and Apportionment of Harm 905

Michie v. Great Lakes Steel Division, National Steel Corp. 905Bruckman v. Pena 907

3. Effect of Comparative Negligence and Comparative Fault 909Economic Analy sis: Incentives Relating to Joint and Several

Liability 913B. Contribution and Indemnity 914

Brochner v. Western Insurance Com pany 914Leung v. Verdugo Hills Hospital 919

C. Mary Car ter Agreements 927Elbaor v. Smith 927

Chapter 18 · Immunities 933A. Family Immunities 933

1. Spousal Immunity 9332. Parental Immunity 934


CONTENTS xix

Rousey v. Rousey 935Sepaugh v. LaGrone 938

3. Sibling Immunity 945Lickteig v. Kolar 945

B. Sovereign Immunity and Governmental Immunity 9461. The Federal Tort Claims Act 9472. State Tort Claims Acts 9493. Governmental Immunity of Local Entities 950

a. Historical Development 950b. Local Government Immunity Today 952Parker v. St. Lawrence County Public Health Department 953

C. Official Immunity 9551. Federal Officials and Employees 9552. State Officials and Employees 957

D. Charitable Immunity 960Albritton v. Neighborhood Centers Association for Child

Development 960

Chapter 19 · Statutes of Limitations 967A. Introduction 967

New York C.P.L.R. § 214 968B. Tolling the Statute of Limitations 969

Tyson v. Tyson 970C. Statutes of Repose 982

Schramm v. Lyon 984

Chapter 20 · Interference with Possession or Use of Land: Trespass and Nuisance 989A. Trespass to Land 990

Gavcus v. Potts 990B. Trespass and Private Nuisance 994

1. Trespass and Nuisance Distinguished 995a. The Traditional Distinction 995b. The Tangible- Mass “Requirement” 996

2. Significant Harm 9973. Assessing Unreasonableness 999

Prah v. Maretti 1001Winget v. Winn- Dixie Stores, Inc. 1005Smith v. Jersey Central Power & Light Co. 1007Economic Analy sis: The Coase Theorem and the Law

of Nuisance 1011C. Public Nuisance 1015

1. In General 10152. Public Nuisance and Products Liability 1017

NAACP v. AcuSport, Inc. 1017


xx CONTENTS

State v. Lead Industries Association, Inc. 1024D. Remedies in Nuisance Cases 1031

Spur Industries, Inc. v. Del E. Webb Development Co. 1033

Chapter 21 · Misrepre sen ta tion 1039A. Fraud 1039

1. Intentional or Reckless Misrepre sen ta tion 1039John Doe 1 v. Archdiocese of Milwaukee 1040Sovereign Pocohontas v. Bond 1045

2. Silence and the Duty to Speak 1047Weintraub v. Krobatsch 1047

3. Statements of Opinion, Prediction, Intention, and Law 1054Oltmer v. Zamora 1055Tessier v. Rocke fel ler 1060National Conversion Corp. v. Cedar Building Corp. 1063

4. Justifiable or Reasonable Reliance 1065Italian Cowboy Partners, Ltd. v. Prudential Ins. Co. 1068

B. Negligence and Strict Liability 10731. Negligence Misrepre sen ta tion in Business Transactions 10732. Negligence Causing Physical Harm 10753. Strict Liability 1075

Richard v. A. Waldman and Sons, Inc. 1075C. Liability to Third Parties 1077

1. Based on Deceit 10772. Based on Negligent Misrepre sen ta tion 1078

Cast Art Industries, LLC v. KPMG, LLP 1078Economic Analy sis: Audits and the Cheaper Cost Avoider 1086

Chapter 22 · Defamation 1087A. What Statements Are Defamatory? 1087

1. Harm to Reputation 1087Grant v. Reader’s Digest Association, Inc. 1088

2. The False Fact Requirement 10913. Truth 10914. Of and Concerning the Plaintiff 1094

Rose v. Daily Mirror, Inc. 10965. Publication 1099

Economopoulos v. A. G. Pollard Co. 1099B. Libel and Slander 1104C. Constitutional Considerations 1106

1. Public Officials and Public Figures 1107New York Times Co. v. Sullivan 1107

2. Plaintiffs Who Are Not Public Figures 1117Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc. 1117

3. Presumed Damages Today 1127

johnson liu satl 6e final pages.indb 20 6/25/18 3:32 PM

CONTENTS xxi

W.J.A. v. D.A. 1127Smith v. Durden 1131

4. Retraction Statutes 11335. “Fact” vs. “Opinion” 1134

Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co. 1134D. Privileges and Defenses 1142

1. Absolute Privileges 1143a. Judicial- Proceedings Privilege 1143b. Other Absolute Privileges 1144

2. Qualified Privileges 1145a. Employers and Employees 1145b. Others 1145c. Loss of a Qualified Privilege 1146d. Statutes Relating to Former Employees 1146

3. The Validity of Releases 11474. Other Privileges 11475. SLAPP Suits 1149

Comparative Defamation Law: England and the United States 1151

Chapter 23 · Invasion of Privacy 1153A. Disclosure of Private Facts 1155

Sidis v. F- R Publishing Corp. 1155McNamara v. Freedom Newspapers, Inc. 1159Vassiliades v. Garfinckel’s, Brooks Brothers 1160

B. Intrusion upon Seclusion 1166In re Marriage of Tigges 1168Koeppel v. Speirs 1171

C. False Light 1177West v. Media General Convergence, Inc. 1177

D. Unauthorized Use of the Plaintiff ’s Name or Picture 11841. The “Right of Publicity” 1184

Tanner v. Ebbole 11842. Deceased Celebrities 1189

Index 1195


xxiii

Table of Cases

532 Madison Ave. Gourmet Foods Inc. v. Finlandia Ctr., 1019, 1020

A & M Records Inc. v. Heilman, 151A.H. Belo Corp. v. Corcoran, 533Abrams v. United States, 1138Abresch v. Northwestern Bell Tel. Co.,

576Achtermann v. Bussard, 631Adamo v. Brown & Williamson

Tobacco Corp., 818Adams v. Bullock, 285Adams v. Gillig, 1062Adams v. Ursell, 1014Adams v. YMCA of San Antonio, 760Adelson v. Harris, 1148Adkins v. Thomas Solvent Co., 998Aetna Health Inc. v. Davila, 328Agis v. Howard Johnson Co., 84Agrobiotech Inc. v. Budd, 1074Aka v. Jefferson Hosp. Ass’n Inc., 728Akins Funeral Home Inc. v. Miller,

659Albritton v. Neighborhood Centers

Association for Child Development, 960

Alder v. Bayer Corp., 569Alderson v. Bonner, 90, 111, 1176Aleo v. SLB Toys USA Inc., 254Alexander v. McKnight, 1050Alleman v. Vermilion Publ’g Corp.,

1092Allen v. Albright, 516, 614

Allen v. Camp, 190Allen v. Dover Co-Recreational Softball

League, 880Allen v. Virginia Hill Water Supply

Corp., 995Allied Marketing Group Inc. v. Para-

mount Pictures Corp., 1095Allstate Ins. Co. v. Ginsberg, 1167Allstate Ins. Co. v. Mugavero, 34Allstate Ins. Co. v. Sunbeam Corp., 407Alpin v. Tew, 303Alston v. Caraco Pharmaceutical Inc.,

828Altamuro v. Milner Hotel Inc., 510, 892Althaus v. Cohen, 325Altschuler v. University of Pa. Law Sch.,

1103Alvarado v. City of Dodge City, 186Alvarez v. Clasen, 94Am. Fam. Mut. Ins. Co. v. AN/CF Acq.

Corp., 461Amaya v. Potter, 742Ambrosino v. Rodman & Renshaw Inc.,

1065American Elec. Power Co. Inc. v.

Connecticut, 1016American Motorcycle Ass’n v. Superior

Court, 904, 909American Powerlifting Ass’n v. Cotillo,

889Ammon v. Baron Automotive Group,

109

Principal cases and the pages on which they begin are italicized.


xxiv TABLE OF CASES

Amoako-Okyere v. Church of the Messiah United Methodist Church, 24

Anand v. Kapoor, 880Anderson v. Fisher Broad. Co. Inc., 1160Anderson v. Lewis, 788Anderson v. Liberty Lobby Inc., 1115Anderson v. Miller, 707Anderson v. Minneapolis St. P. & S.S.M.

Ry. Co., 421Anderson v. Sears, Roebuck & Co., 205Anderson v. Wagner, 986Andrade v. Chojnacki, 957Andrews v. Stallings, 1182Andrews v. United Airlines Inc., 367Andrushchenko v. Silchuk, 610Anicet v. Gant, 57Anjou v. Boston Elevated Ry. Co., 375Antoniato v. Long Island Jewish Med.

Ctr., 400Antwaun A. v. Heritage Mut. Ins. Co.,

342Arche v. United States, 724Archer v. Farmer Bros., 98Armory Park Neighborhood Associa-

tion v. Episcopal Community Services in Arizona, 1015

Arnold v. U. of N. Carolina at Chapel Hill, 321

Aroma Wines & Equip Inc. v. Colum-bian Distrib. Services Inc., 136

Arredondo v. Dugger, 203Ashe v. Radiation Oncology Assoc., 331Associated Press v. Walker, 1117Association of Unit Owners v. Dun-

ning, 798Astroworks Inc. v. Astroexhibit Inc.,

150Atcovitz v. Gulph Mills Tennis Club

Inc., 537Atkins v. Swimwest Family Fitness Ctr.,

870Atlanta-Journal Constitution v. Jewell,

1123

Atlantic Sounding Co. Inc. v. Townsend, 253

Augillard v. Madura, 149Avellone v. St. John’s Hospital, 960Aversano v. Palisades Interstate Pkwy.

Com’n, 957Ayers v. Johnson & Johnson Baby Prods.

Co., 842B & O R. Co. v. Goodman, 339Badall v. Durgapersad, 233Bader v. Johnson, 652, 725Bagley v. Bagley, 233, 871Bagley v. Mt. Bachelor Inc., 871Bailey v. C.S., 63Bailey v. Fed. Home Loan Bank of

Topeka, 108Bailey v. Gallagher, 154Bailey v. Lewis Farm Inc., 525Bain v. Gillespie, 276Bain v. Wells, 94Balbuena v. IDR Realty LLC, 239Baldwin v. Butcher, 727Balido v. Improved Mach. Inc., 528Ballou v. Sigma Nu Gen. Frat., 160Ballstadt v. Pagel, 1004Banker v. McLaughlin, 605Banker’s Trust Co. v. Old Republic Ins.

Co., 1040Baptist Memorial Hospital System v.

Sampson, 765Barb v. Farmers Ins. Exch., 400Barcelo v. Elliott, 314Bard v. Jahnke, 771Barker v. Kallash, 197Barker v. Lull Engineering Co., 810Barnes v. Geiger, 516Barnett v. Bachrach, 165Barnett v. Ludwig and Company, 346Barr v. Jacobson, 498Barr v. Matteo, 955Barry v. Quality Products Inc., 521Barth v. Coleman, 895Bartlett v. Northern Pac. Ry. Co., 286Baska v. Scherzer, 62


TABLE OF CASES xxv

Bass v. Nooney Co., 650Batra v. Clark, 644Bauman v. Crawford, 303Baye v. Diocese of Rapid City, 977, 981Beach Bait & Tackle v. Bull, 377Beard v. Graff, 697Beckman v. Butte-Silver Bow Cty., 754Bedor v. Johnson, 290Been v. MK Enterprise Inc., 690Behr v. Redmond, 1065Bell & Hudson P.C. v. Buhl Realty Co.,

546Bell v. Hutsell, 707Bell v. Lee, 1143Belli v. Orlando Daily Newspapers Inc.,

1089Bence v. Crawford Sav. and Loan Ass’n,

634Bennett v. Dunn, 182Bennett v. Reynolds, 146Bentley v. Bunton, 1141Benton v. YMCA, 963Berberian v. Lynn, 58Berger v. Hanlon, 994Bergman & Lefkow Insurance Agency

v. Flash Cab Co., 1056Bergob v. Scrushy, 862Berlangieri v. Running Elk Corp., 872Berman v. Allan, 719Bernard v. Cameron and Colby Co.

Inc., 94Bernstein v. Seacliff Beach Club, 868Berry v. National Medical Services Inc.,

569Berry v. Sugar Notch Borough, 498Beshada v. Johns-Manville Products

Corp., 841Best v. Taylor Machine Works, 912Best v. U.S., 567Bethel v. N.Y. City Transit Auth., 367Bettis v. Islamic Republic of Iran, 111Beynon v. Montgomery Cablevision

L.P., 228Bhatia v. Debek, 85

Biakanja v. Irving, 579Biddle v. Warren Gen. Hosp., 334Bilodeau-Allen v. American Media Inc.,

1183Bily v. Arthur Young & Co., 1084Bindrim v. Mitchell, 1094Biomet Inc. v. Finnegan Henderson LLP,

309Bird v. Jones, 116Birke v. Oakwood Worldwide, 1021Birmingham Coal & Coke Co. Inc. v.

Johnson, 654Bishop v. City of Chicago, 534Bishop v. Texas A & M Univ., 745Bissett v. DMI Inc., 690Bjorndal v. Weitman, 293, 294Blackwell v. Sky High Sports Nashville

Operations LLC, 873Blakely v. Camp Ondessonk, 603Blanchard v. Bass, 601Block v. Tanenhaus, 1089Blomen v. N. Barstow Co., 1026BMW of North America Inc. v. Gore,

247, 248, 252, 310Boim v. Quranic Literacy Institute,

460Boll v. Sharp & Dohme, 868Bollaert v. Witter, 80Bolton v. Dept. of Human Services,

1091Bonbrest v. Kotz, 727Bonham v. Texas Dept. of Crim. Justice,

510Bonkowski v. Arlan’s Dept. Store, 186Bonney v. Canadian National Railway

Co., 600Bonte v. Bonte, 730Boomer v. Atlantic Cement Co., 1000,

1031Boone v. Mullendore, 713Booth v. Mary Carter Paint Co., 927Boring v. Google Inc., 134Borman v. Raymark Indus. Inc., 907Born v. Mayers, 689


xxvi TABLE OF CASES

Borne v. Celadon Trucking Services Inc., 209

Borrack v. Reed, 559Bose Corp. v. Consumers U. of the U.S.

Inc., 1116Boucher v. Dixie Med. Ctr., 666Bourhill v. Young, 476Bouton v. Allstate Ins. Co., 79, 373Bowen v. Niagara Mohawk Power

Corp., 798Bowie v. Murphy, 67Bowman v. City of Baton Rouge, 577Bowman v. Davis, 713Boyce & Isley PLLC v. Cooper, 1123Boyce v. Brown, 322Boyd v. Racine Currency Exchange Inc.,

632Boyd v. Travelers Ins. Co., 407Boyle v. United Technologies Corp.,

843Boyles v. Kerr, 681Boynton v. Burglass, 558Bradacs v. Jiacobone, 772Braitman v. Overlook Terrace Corp.,

645Brandenburg v. Ohio, 462Bratt v. IBM, 1165Braun v. Iannotti, 1026Braun v. New Hope Twp., 525Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine,

463Bravo v. U.S., 211Brenner v. American Cyanamid Co.,

442Brenteson Wholesale v. Public Serv. Co.,

1000Breunig v. American Family Ins. Co.,

305Brewer v. Memphis Publ’g Co., 1123Brittingham v. Robertson, 1000Brochner v. Western Insurance Company,

914Brodsky v. Osunkwo, 332Brookshire Bros. Ltd. v. Aldridge, 406

Broussard v. St. Edward Mercy Health System Inc., 326

Brown v. Adair, 737Brown v. Birman Managed Care Inc.,

458Brown v. Dibbell, 333Brown v. Dover Downs, 626Brown v. E.I. Du Pont De Nemours &

Co., 980Brown v. Shyne, 351Brown v. Superior Court, 444Brownsville Med. Ctr. v. Gracia, 577Brucker v. Mercola, 986Bruckman v. Pena, 907Brudney v. Ematrudo, 65Bruegger v. Faribault County Sheriff ’s

Dept., 350Bruesewitz v. Wyeth LLC, 31, 413Bryson v. News Am. Pubs. Inc., 1106,

1141Brzica v. Trustees of Dartmouth

College, 1052Bucki v. Hawkins, 619Buckley v. City of New York, 769Budden v. United States, 566Bullock v. Philip Morris USA, 253Bumpurs v. New York City Hous. Auth.,

231Bunting v. Sea Ray Inc., 825Burbach v. Canwest Inv. LLC, 639Burcina v. City of Ketchikan, 201Burgess v. Perdue, 92Burgess v. Superior Court, 667Burke v. 12 Rothschild’s Liquor Mart,

895Burke v. Webb Boats Inc., 926Burnam v. Patterson, 37Burns v. Martin, 295Burr v. Board of County Commissioners

of Stark County, 731Burrell v. Meads, 612Burroughs v. Massachusetts, 746Bushnell v. Mott, 563Butler v. Moore, 63


TABLE OF CASES xxvii

Byers v. Southeastern Newspaper Corp. Inc., 1123

Byrne v. Boadle, 385Cadek v. Great Lakes Dragway Inc.,

1040Cafazzo v. Central Med. Health Ser-

vices Inc., 798Cahalin v. Rebert, 113 Cain v. Cain, 544, 1183Cain v. Hearst Corp., 1183Caldwell v. City of Philadelphia, 594Caldwell v. Ford Motor Co., 890Callahan v. Cardinal Glennon Hosp.,

424Callahan v. Stanley Works, 402Callanan v. Gilman, 1019Calloway v. Kinkelaar, 590Camden County Board of Chosen

Freeholders v. Beretta USA Corp., 1021

Campbell v. Chaney, 316Campbell v. Weathers, 614Campisi v. Acme Markets Inc., 619Canida v. Canida, 65Canterbury v. Spence, 329, 330Cantrell v. Forest City Publishing Co.,

1180Cantu v. Flanigan, 211Cantwell v. Connecticut, 1109Capital Solutions LLC v. Konica

Minolta Business Solutions U.S.A. Inc., 245

Caporale v. C.W. Blakeslee & Sons Inc., 777

Capra v. Thoroughbred Racing Ass’n, 1165

Capriotti v. Chivukula, 108Caputo v. Boston Edison Co., 95Carey v. Pure Distributing Corp., 410Carlson v. Illinois Farmers Ins. Co.,

666Carlson v. Okerstrom, 209Carrel v. National Cord & Braid Corp.,

828

Carroll Air Systems Inc. v. Greenbaum, 708

Carsanaro v. Colvin, 509Carson v. Here’s Johnny Portable Toilets

Inc, 1189Carter v. Innisfree Hotel Inc., 1174Carter v. Kinney, 612Carter v. Pain Ctr. of Arizona P.C., 160Carter v. Reese, 582Casebolt v. Cowan, 707Cass v. Higenbotam, 144Cassidy v. Daily Mirror Newspapers

Ltd., 1090Cast Art Industries LLC v. KPMG LLP,

1078Castello v. County of Nassau, 889Castiglione v. Galpin, 81Castillo v. City of Las Vegas, 654Castro v. Melchor, 728Catsouras v. Department of California

Highway Patrol, 1160Caudle v. Betts, 36Caviglia v. Royal Tours of Am., 203Chaffee v. Seslar, 715Champion ex rel. Ezzo v. Dunfee, 453Chancellor v. Pottsgrove School Dist.,

107Chapman v. Milford Towing & Service

Inc., 503Chapman v. Superior Ct., 200Charles v. Florida Foreclosure Place-

ment Center LLC, 458Charlie Stuart Oldsmobile Inc. v. Smith,

654Charvat v. NMP LLC, 1175Chase Securities Corp. v. Donaldson,

446Chassereau v. Global Sun Pools Inc.,

109Chauvlier v. Booth Creek Ski Holdings

Inc., 872Chavers v. Gatke Corp., 459Chavez v. Desert Eagle Distributing Co.

of N.M., 691


xxviii TABLE OF CASES

Chenault v. Huie , 730Chepkevich v. Hidden Valley Resort

L.P., 870Chester v. Deep Roots Alderwood LLC,

19Chicago B & Q. R.R. Co. v. Krayenbuhl,

283Childers v. A.S., 71, 545Childs v. Haussecker, 980Chizmar v. Markie, 652Christian v. New London, 951Christians v. Christians, 106Chrysler Corp. v. Batten, 983Churchill Forge Inc. v. Brown, 918Chuy v. Philadelphia Eagles Football

Club, 1123Cianci v. New Times Publishing Co.,

1138Ciofalo v. Vic Tanney Gyms, 868Cipollone v. Liggett Group Inc., 846,

851Citizen Publishing Co. v. Miller, 115City of Bellmead v. Torres, 626City of Cincinnati v. Beretta U.S.A.

Corp., 1017City of Denton v. Paper, 614City of Rapid City v. Boland, 190City of Richmond Hill v. Maia, 518, 520City of Rome v. Jordan, 594City of San Antonio v. Peralta, 626City of San Antonio v. Wheelabrator

Air Pollution Control Inc., 457, 952City of Santa Barbara v. Superior Court,

873City of Sundown v. Shewmake, 999Clark v. Allstate Ins. Co., 63Clark v. Darden Rest. Inc., 382Clark v. Darden Rest. Inc., 382Clarke v. Oregon Health Sciences Univ.,

958Clauson v. Kempffer, 645Clayton v. New Dreamland Roller

Skating Rink, 71Clayton v. Richards, 1169

Cleveland v. Rotman, 472, 473, 519Clinkscales v. Nelson Securities Inc.,

381Coath v. Jones, 760Coffee v. McDonnell-Douglas Corp.,

563Coffman v. Keene Corp., 825Cohen v. Herbal Concepts Inc., 1184Cohen v. Lamko Inc., 732Cohen v. Petty, 23, 283Cohen v. Smith, 71Cole v. Rush, 687Cole v. Taylor, 201Cole v. Turner, 70Colella v. JMS Trucking Co. of Illinois,

233Coleman v. Cintas Sales Corp., 822Coleman v. East Joliet Fire Protection

Dist., 590, 596Coleman v. Eddy Potash Inc., 402Coleman v. Hoffman, 640Coleman v. MacLennan, 1111Coleman v. Ramada Hotel Operating

Co., 862Collins v. Lilly & Co., 443, 444Collins v. Red Roof Inns Inc., 1143Colon v. Wal-Mart Stores Inc., 107Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corp. v.

Cottey, 1051Coman v. Baker, 1021Comeau v. Lucas, 703Comedy Three Productions Inc. v. Gary

Saderup Inc., 1191Community Voice Line L.L.C. v. Great

Lakes Commun. Corp., 136Compton v. Sims, 145CompuServe Inc. v. Cyber Promotions

Inc., 136Comunale v. Traders & General Ins.

Co., 41, 42Comuso v. National Railroad Passenger

Corp., 99Conant v. Rodriguez, 563Conaway v. Roberts, 381


TABLE OF CASES xxix

Congini by Congini v. Portersville Valve Co., 698

Conley v. Romeri, 169Conner v. Menard Inc., 389Contreras v. Crown Zellerbach Corp.,

107Control Techniques Inc. v. Johnson,

521, 892Cook v. MillerCoors LLC, 687Cook v. Minneapolis, 422Cook v. Whitsell-Sherman, 30Cooper v. Barnickel Enterprises Inc.,

736Cooper v. Parker-Hughey, 1144Corbin v. City of Philadelphia, 511Cordero v. Christ Hosp., 768Corrections v. Cowles, 949Cosgrove v. Grimes, 314Couch v. Red Roof Inns Inc., 897County of Dallas v. Poston, 351County of Sacramento v. Valley Health-

care Sys. Inc., 918Courvoisier v. Raymond, 174Cowan v. Hospice Support Care Inc.,

963Coward v. Baddeley, 70Cowles Publ’g Co. v. State Patrol, 1155Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn, 1158Cox Enterprises Inc. v. Nix, 1090Cox Texas Newspapers v. Wootten, 94Cox v. Shelter Ins. Co., 209Cox v. Stretton, 969Craig v. Driscoll, 692Credit Alliance Corp. v. Arthur Ander-

sen & Co., 1080, 1082Creditwatch Inc. v. Jackson, 108Cremeans v. Willmar Henderson Mfg.

Co., 890Crews v. Hollenbach, 890Crisci v. Security Insurance Co. of New

Haven, 39Crosland v. New York Transit Auth.,

589

Crown Cork & Seal Co. v. Hires Bot-tling of Chicago, 1058

Crump v. Beckley Newspapers Inc., 1178

Crussell v. Electrolux Home Products Inc., 729

Cruz ex rel. Alvarez v. City of Philadel-phia, 91

Cubby Inc. v. CompuServe Inc., 1100Cuesta v. Immaculate Conception

Roman Cath. Church, 879Cuffy v. City of New York, 594Cummins v. Lewis County, 594Cunningham v. Braum’s Ice Cream &

Dairy Stores, 572Curl v. Key, 1051Currier v. Washman LLC, 613Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts, 1137Customer Co. v. City of Sacramento,

192Czajkowski v. Meyers, 90D.S.A. Inc. v. Hillsboro Indep. Sch.

Dist., 1074Daily Times-Democrat Co. v. Graham,

1160Dallas Morning News Inc. v. Hall, 1150Dalury v. S-K-I Ltd., 871Daly v. General Motors Corp., 893D’Amico v. Christie, 689Daniczek v. Spencer, 98Daniel v. Reeder, 691Darby & Darby P.C. v. VSI Int’l Inc., 315Darryl A. v. Christopher P., 580Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuti-

cals Inc., 826Davies v. Butler, 158, 297, 383, 708Davies v. Mann, 858Davis & Alcott Co. v. Boozer, 119Davis v. Baugh Indus. Contractors Inc.,

524Davis v. Devereux Foundation, 755Davis v. Equibank, 128Davis v. Protection One Alarm Moni-

toring Inc., 569


xxx TABLE OF CASES

Davis v. Richardson, 81Davis v. The Tennesseean, 1125Davis v. Wal-Mart Stores Inc., 408Davison v. Snohomish County, 286Day v. Heller, 716Dayton Hudson Corp. v. Altus, 125De Anda v. Blake, 63De Blanc v. Jensen, 580De Gregorio v. Malloy, 295, 346De Long v. County of Erie, 592De Luca v. Bowden, 62De Vera v. Long Beach Public Transpor-

tation Co., 535Dean v. Young, 401Decorso v. Watchtower Bible and Tract

Society of N.Y., 679Del Lago Partners Inc. v. Smith, 699Delao v. Carlson, 280Dellapenta v. Dellapenta, 901, 943Delta Airlines Inc. v. Townsend, 690DeMay v. Roberts, 166, 170Demelus v. King Motor Co. of Fort

Lauderdale, 272Dempsey v. Nat. Enquirer, 1168Denbo v. DeBray, 967Denton v. Chittenden Bank, 1176Denton v. Paper, 614DePass v. United States, 427Depue v. Flateau, 194, 627Derdiarian v. Felix Contracting Corp.,

501Dermatossian v. New York City Transit

Auth., 388Desjarlais v. USAA Ins. Co., 212Desnick v. ABC, 994Dewey v. Lutz, 1053Di Ponzio v. Riordan, 490Dias v. Brigham Med. Assoc., 743Diaz v. Oakland Tribune Inc., 1158DiCenzo v. Izawa, 293DiGeronimo v. Fuchs, 726Dillard Dept. Stores v. Gonzalez, 108Dillard Dept. Stores Inc v. Silva, 187Dillon v. Legg, 660, 661, 667, 683

Dillon v. Twin State Gas & Elec. Co., 431

Dilworth v. Dudley, 1141DiMarco v. Lynch Homes-Chester

County Inc., 325Dimick v. Schiedt, 209Dinsdale Constr. LLC v. Lumber

Specialties Ltd., 1073Distinctive Printing & Packaging Co. v.

Cox, 245District of Columbia v. Brown, 366Dodge-Farrar v. American Cleaning

Services Co. Inc., 413Doe A. v. Diocese of Dallas, 986Doe Parents No. 1 v. State Dept. of

Educ., 659Doe v. Archdiocese of Cincinnati, 734,

980Doe v. Associated Press, 1047Doe v. Corporation of Pres. of Church

of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, 115

Doe v. Holt, 943Doe v. Issacs, 243Doe v. Liberatore, 679Doe v. Marion, 558Doe v. Maskell, 977Doe v. Meth. Hosp., 1158Doe v. Moe, 880Doe v. Oregon Conference of Seventh-

Day Adventists, 545Doe v. Roe, 16, 978Doe v. SexSearch.com, 666Doe v. TCI Cablevision, 1184, 1188Doherty v. Merck & Co. Inc., 716Donohue v. Copiague Union Free Sch.

Dist., 321Dorsey v. Apple Computers Inc., 967Dougherty v. Stepp, 992Dove Audio Inc. v. Rosenfeld Meyer &

Susman, 1149Dover Elevator Co. v. Swann, 383Dowdle Butane Gas Co. v. Moore, 407


TABLE OF CASES xxxi

Downs v. E.O.M. Entertainment Inc., 616

Drabek v. Sabley, 176Draper v. Airco Inc., 890Drugs. Mut. Pharm. Co. Inc. v. Bartlett,

851Dube v. Lanphear, 698Dubinsky v. United Airlines Master

Exec. Coun., 1142Ducheneaux v. Miller, 1053Duffy v. Irons Area Tourist Ass’n., 626Duge v. Union Pac. R. Co., 708Dugger v. Arredondo, 203Dun & Bradstreet Inc. v. Greenmoss

Builders Inc., 1095, 1106, 1125Duncan v. Cessna Aircraft Co., 925Dunlap v. Dunlap, 936Dunlea v. Dappen, 977Dunleavy v. Miller, 292Dunphy v. Gregor, 665, 673Duplechain v. Turner, 179Dupont v. Aavid Thermal Tech. Inc.,

545Durbin v. City of Winnsboro, 35Dwyer v. American Express Co., 1166,

1188Dynas v. Nagowski, 702Dzenutis v. Dzenutis, 936Dziubak v. Mott, 957Eads v. Marks, 42Eads v. Wolpoff & Abramson LLP, 110Eason v. Cleveland Draft House, 858East River Steamship Corp. v. Transam-

erica Delaval, 830Ebel v. Eli Lilly & Co., 828Economopoulos v. A. G. Pollard Co., 1099Eddy v. Brown, 1165Edwards v. Basel Pharmaceuticals, 828Edwards v. Honeywell Inc., 499Edwards v. Max Thieme Chevrolet Co.,

144Edwards v. National Audubon Soc’y

Inc., 1148Eilers v. Coy, 134

Eisel v. Board of Educ., 558Elam v. Alcolac Inc., 215Elbaor v. Smith, 927Elliott v. Elliott, 653Ellis v. City of Dallas, 148Employers Casualty Co. v. Tilley, 46Endresz v. Friedberg, 729Ennabe v. Manosa, 689Enright v. Groves, 123Entex v. Gonzalez, 533Entwistle v. Draves, 346Environmental Network Corp. v.

Goodman Weiss Miller L.L.P., 316Ernst & Young L.L.P. v. Pac. Mut. Life

Ins. Co., 1078Escamilla v. Shiel Sexton Company

Inc., 239Escola v. Coca Cola Bottling Co., 438,

794Eskin v. Bartee, 662Eskin v. Castiglia, 895Esposito-Hilder v. SFX Broadcasting

Inc., 115Estate of Gordon-Couture v. Brown,

626Estate of Lambert v. Fitzgerald, 1066Estate of Re v. Kornstein Veisz &

Wexler, 424Etan Indus. Inc. v. Lehmann, 981Ethyl Corp. v. Daniel Constr. Co., 870Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co., 1000Ex parte BASF Const. Chemicals LLC,

567Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker, 253Exxon v. Sofec Inc., 521F.F.P. Operating Partners L.P. v.

Duenez, 691F.G. v. MacDonell, 675Fairview Ritz Corp. v. Borough of

Fairview, 950Faniel v. Chesapeake & Potomac

Telephone Co., 122Farias v. Mr. Heater Inc., 829


xxxii TABLE OF CASES

Farina v. Pan American World Airlines Inc., 778

Farley v. Sartin, 726Farm Bureau Ins. Group v. Phillips, 303Farm Credit Bank of St. Louis v.

Whitlock, 105Farmers Alliance Mut. Ins. Co. v.

Salazar, 38Farmers Ins. Group v. County of Santa

Clara, 747Farris v. Bd. of County Comm’r, 109Farwell v. Keaton, 544Fassett v. Delta Kappa Epsilon, 698Fay v. Thiel College, 575Fehrenbach v. O’Malley, 980Felder v. Physiotherapy Assoc., 238Feldman v. Lederle Labs., 842Feltmeier v. Feltmeier, 99Feres v. United States, 949Ferguson v. Lieff Cabraser Heimann &

Bernstein, 317Fernandez v. Walgreen Hastings Co.,

213, 672Ferris v. Benbow Chem. Packaging Inc.,

366Fetick v. American Cyanamid Co., 919Fidelity Mortgage Co. v. Cook, 1051Field v. Philadelphia Elec. Co., 71, 75Figueiredo-Torres v. Nickel, 116Filiberto v. Herk’s Tavern Inc., 544Fineran v. Pickett, 665Firemen’s Ins. Co. v. Jones, 1065Firestone v. Firestone, 651, 1125First Assembly of God v. Texas Utilities,

470, 595Firth v. State, 1103Fischer v. Famous-Barr Co., 120Fisher v. Carrousel Motor Hotel Inc., 73Fisk v. City of Kirkland, 589Fitzpatrick v. Copeland, 666Fitzpatrick v. Natter, 331Flaherty v. Weinberg, 313Flamm v. American Assoc. of Univ.

Women, 1141

Fleck v. KDI Sylvan Pools Inc., 822, 983Fleischer v. Hebrew Orthodox Congre-

gation, 616Fletcher v. Dorchester Mut. Ins. Co.,

407Florence v. Goldberg, 589Flores v. Exprezit! Stores 98-Georgia

LLC, 690Florida B. v. Christensen, 1085Florida Dept. of Corrections v. Abril,

653Florida Publ’g Co. v. Fletcher, 994Florida Star v. B.J.F., 1158Flowers v. Carville, 1100, 1124Flowers v. Rock Creek Terrace Ltd.

Partnership, 885Floyd v. Park Cities People Inc., 1160FMC Corp. v. Capital Cities/ABC Inc.,

154Folz v. New Mexico, 653Ford Motor Co. v. Ledesma, 496Ford Motor Co. v. Wagoner, 529Ford v. Revlon Inc., 109Fordham v. Oldroyd, 887Forsher v. Bugliosi, 1158Foster v. Costco Wholesale Corp., 620,

622Foster v. de Cholnoky, 728Foster v. Duggin, 318Fournell v. Usher Pest Control Co., 660Fox v. Hayes, 212Fraguglia v. Sala, 173Franklin Med. Assoc. v. Newark Pub.

Schools, 458Franklin Prescriptions Inc. v. New York

Times Co., 1123Fredeen v. Stride, 146, 654Freeman v. Eichholz, 616Fricke v. Owens-Corning Fiberglass

Corp., 157Friedman v. Merck & Co., 651Frye v. City of Detroit, 906Frye v. Frye, 826, 906Frye v. United States, 826


TABLE OF CASES xxxiii

Fuentes v. Alecio, 200Fulk v. Roberts, 124Fuller v. Preis, 518G.M.M. ex rel. Hernandez-Adams v.

Kimpson, 240Gaines-Tabb v. ICI Explosive USA Inc.,

508Galayda v. Lake Hosp. Sys. Inc., 237Gallara v. Koskovich, 509Gallimore v. Children’s Hosp. Med.

Ctr., 213Galveston H. & S.A. Ry. Co. v. De Groff,

1022Gambill v. Stroud, 325Ganim v. Smith & Wesson Corp., 1021Gantt v. Security USA, 36Garcia v. Joseph Vince Co., 434Garcia v. Windley, 424Garland Grain Co. v. D-C Home

Owners Improvement Ass’n, 999, 1022

Garr v. Alden, 1059Garratt v. Dailey, 12, 15, 49Garrison v. State of Louisiana, 1115Gates v. Jenson, 341Gaulding v. Celotex Corp., 441, 442Gause v. Smithers, 788Gavcus v. Potts, 990General Mills Restaurants Inc. v. Texas

Wings Inc., 992Genovay v. Fox, 632George v. City of Houston, 1021Gerber v. Veltri, 70Gertz v. Robert Welch Inc., 1106, 1117,

1126, 1128, 1137, 1180, 1183Gibbs v. Ernst, 734Gibbs v. Jackson, 772Gibson v. American Cyanamid Co., 442Gibson v. Brewer, 112Gibson v. Leonard, 885Gilchrist Timber Co. v. ITT Rayonier

Inc., 1075Gilmer v. Ellington, 567Ginther v. Domino’s Pizza Inc., 745

Giovine v. Giovine, 101, 106, 981Gipson v. Kasey, 344Glanzer v. Shepard, 1083Gleitman v. Cosgrove, 719Glenmar Cinestate Inc. v. Farrell, 743Glidden v. Syzbiak, 61Gliemmo v. Cousineau, 296GNOC Corp. v. Aboud, 692Goady v. Utopia Home Care Agency,

209Goar v. Village of Stephen, 522Goddard v. Boston & Maine R.R., 376Goff v. Taylor, 56Goldberg v. Florida Power & Light Co.,

595Goldberg v. Housing Auth. of Newark,

694Golden Bear Distrib. Sys. v. Chase Revel

Inc., 1113Golden Spread Council Inc. v. Akins,

566Golden v. Mullen, 1144Goldfuss v. Davidson, 182Goldsmith v. Howmedica Inc., 978Goller v. White, 936Gonsalves v. Nissan Motor Corp., 1102Gonzales v. City of Bozeman, 595Gonzalez v. New York City Housing

Authority, 228Gonzalez v. Otis Elevator Co., 388Goodwin v. Hare, 887Goodwin v. Kingsmen Plastering Inc.,

969Goodwin v. Reilley, 778Gorman v. McMahon, 116Goss v. Allen, 301Gould v. American Family Mut. Ins.

Co., 304Graceland Corp. v. Consol. Laundries

Corp., 1019Graham v. Freese & Nichols Inc., 568Grandeson v. International Harvester

Credit Corp., 654Grant v. Reader’s Digest Ass’n Inc., 1088


xxxiv TABLE OF CASES

Graubard Mollen Dannett & Horowitz v. Moskovitz, 1062

Graves v. Diehl, 1016Graves v. Estabrook, 665Graves v. Trudell, 182Graves v. Warner Bros., 537Gravis v. Physicians & Surgeons Hospi-

tal, 164Greco v. United States, 724Green v. Alpharma Inc., 421Green v. Donroe, 118Green v. Ensign-Bickford Co., 777Greenbelt Cooperative Publishing Assn.

Inc. v. Bresler, 1137Greenhalgh v. Casey, 1141Greenwood v. Anderson, 944Greenwood v. Mitchell, 223Gregory v. Clive, 589Gregory v. Cott, 58, 305Greycas Inc. v. Proud, 1067Grisham v. Philip Morris U.S.A. Inc.,

978Gross v. Sweet, 866Grosz v. Museum of Modern Art, 967Grotheer v. Escape Adventures, 97Grover v. Stechel, 546GTE Southwest Inc. v. Bruce, 95, 746Guarina v. Bogart, 1000Guccione v. Hustler Magazine Inc.,

1093Guckeen Farmers Elevator Co. v. South

Soo Grain Co., 143Guckian v. Fowler, 209Gudin v. 6108 Hudson Ave. LLC, 325Guille v. Swan, 777Guinn v. Church of Christ of Collins-

ville, 115Gulf Refining Co. v. Williams, 276Gum v. Dudley, 932Gushlaw v. Milner, 707Gustafson v. City of Austin, 1093Gutierrez de Martinez v. Lamagno, 956Gutman v. Klein, 407Gyrc v. Dayton-Hudson Corp., 243

H&S Homes L.L.C. v. McDonald, 748Haben v. Anderson, 160Habershaw v. Michaels Stores Inc., 376Hackbart v. Cincinnati Bengals, 877Haehl v. Wabash R. Co., 741Haft v. Lone Palm Hotel, 440Hagan v. Coca-Cola Bottling Co., 659Hagberg v. California Federal Bank

FSB, 128Hagebak v. Stone, 1145Hakimoglu v. Trump Taj Mahal Assoc.,

692Hakkila v. Hakkila, 100Hale v. Hale, 612, 936Hall v. E. I. Du Pont de Nemours & Co.

Inc., 437Hall v. Hilbun, 321Hall v. May Stores Co., 114Hall v. Post, 1158Hall v. Toreros II Inc., 688Hamilton v. Ford Motor Credit Co., 91,

110Hamilton v. Martinelli & Assoc., 884Hammond v. Wal-Mart Stores Inc.,

380Hanberry v. Hearst Corp., 1059Hancock v. Variyam, 1105Hannah v. Heeter, 406Hardy v. Southwestern Bell Telephone

Co., 431Hariri v. Amper, 1150Harper v. Illinois Cent. Gulf R.R., 666Harrington v. Brooks Drugs Inc., 213Harrington v. Hall, 64, 182Harris v. Anderson County Sheriff ’s

Office, 27Harris v. Fulton-DeKalb Hosp. Auth.,

685Harris v. Jones, 85, 96Harris v. McCray, 957Harrison v. Hardin Cty. Comm. Unit

Sch. Dist., 949Hart v. Electronic Arts Inc., 1191Hart v. Geysel, 171


TABLE OF CASES xxxv

Harte-Hanks Communications Inc. v. Connaughton, 1114, 1115

Hartford Accident and Indemnity Co. v. Village of Hempstead, 257

Harting v. Dayton Dragons Professional Baseball Club, 878

Haryanto v. Saeed, 125Haselhorst v. State, 509, 665Hatch v. O’Neill, 62Haugh v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp.,

613Havner v. E-Z Mart Stores Inc., 413Hawkins v. Harris, 1143Hawkins v. Palmer, 516Haybeck v. Prodigy Services Co., 746Hayes v. Malkan, 639Haygood v. De Escabedo, 220Hazen v. Municipality of Anchorage,

402Hearn v. City of Overland Park, 643Heath v. La Mariana Apts., 350Hedgepeth v. Whitman Walker Clinic,

667Heiner v. Moretuzzo, 652Heintz v. Jenkins, 110Heinz v. Heinz, 569Helfend v. Southern California Rapid

Transit District, 217Helling v. Carey, 340, 341Hellums v. Raber, 458Helms v. Church’s Fried Chicken Inc.,

634Henderson v. Wellman, 109, 1143Henebema v. Raddi, 950Hennessey v. Pyne, 52, 995Henrickson v. Sebanc, 53Henriksen v. Cameron, 101Henry v. Houston Lighting & Power

Co., 496Henson v. Reddin, 140Herceg v. Hustler Magazine Inc., 463Herman v. Wesgate, 450, 462, 904Herrera v. Quality Pontiac, 509Herron v. Anigbo, 967

Herzfeld v. Herzfeld, 942, 943Hester v. Brown, 119Hewellette v. George, 935Hewitt v. Allen, 317Hickman v. Carven, 983Hicks v. Korean Airlines Co., 708Hicks v. Nunnery, 318Highway Trailer Co. v. Janesville

Electric Co., 951Hildebrand v. Hildebrand, 977Hilen v. Hays, 858Hill v. City of Glenwood, 296Hill v. Edmonds, 416Hill v. Kimball, 682Hills v. McGillvrey, 527Hinish v. Meier & Frank Co., 1188Ho v. University of Texas at Arlington,

1052Hockema v. J.S., 213Hodgeden v. Hubbard, 184Hoffman v. Board of Educ., 321Hoffman v. Capital Cities/ ABC Inc.,

1191Hoffman v. Eppers, 70Hoffman-La Roche Inc. v. Zeltwanger,

108Hogan v. Herald Co., 1148Hojnowski v. Vans Skate Park, 873Holbert v. Noon, 79Holder v. Mellon Mortgage Co., 271Holguin v. Sally Beauty Supply Inc., 188Holiday Inns Inc. v. Shelburne, 634Holt v. Rowell, 654Holytz v. City of Milwaukee, 947, 950Homac Corp. v. Sun Oil Co., 470Homeland Express L.L.C. v. Seale, 510Hood v. Naeter Brothers Publishing

Co., 95Hopewell v. Vitullo, 1142Hopkins v. Fox & Lazo Realtors, 634Hoppe v. Hoppe, 943Horne v. Peckham, 315Horner v. Sani-Top Inc., 232Horvath v. Ish, 880


xxxvi TABLE OF CASES

Horvath v. Lindenhurst Auto Salvage Inc., 783

Hosein v. Checker Taxi Co. Inc., 350Hotze v. Miller, 1116Hougum v. Valley Mem. Homes, 1175Hoult v. Hoult, 977Houston Gas & Fuel Co. v. Harlow,

1000Hovermale v. Berkeley Springs Moose

Lodge, 627Howard v. Univ. of Med., 332Howell v. New York Post, 1187Hower v. Ulrich, 63Hoyal v. Pioneer Sand Company Inc.,

242Huddleston v. Union Rural Elec. Ass’n,

754Hudson v. Craft, 171Huggins v. Citibank N.A., 553Hughes v. Klein, 319Hughes v. Seven Springs Farm Inc., 881Hughes v. Stusser, 1049Humphrey v. Glenn, 604Humphrey v. Twin State Gas & Electric

Co., 603Humphreys-Mexia Co. v. Arsenaux, 995Hunt Bros. Co. v. San Lorenzo etc. Co.,

43Hunter v. Board of Educ., 321Hurst v. East Coast Hockey League Inc.,

878Hurt v. Philadelphia Housing Auth.,

442Hustler Magazine v. Falwell, 114, 1152Hutcherson v. Alexander, 1000Hutchings v. Childress, 219Hutton v. Logan, 515Hyde v. City of Columbia, 465Hyde v. Roman Catholic Bishop of

Providence, 977Hyer v. Pittsburgh Corning Corp., 983Hymowitz v. Eli Lilly and Co., 442, 986Hyson v. White Water Mt. Resorts, 870I de S et ux. v. W de S, 67

IDA Moorhead Corp. v. Leach, 919Ileto v. Glock Inc., 1017Illinois Central Railroad Co. v. Blood-

worth, 277Imig v. Beck, 381In McPeake v. William T. Cannon Esq.

P.C., 519In re 91st Street Crane Collapse Litig.,

228In re Air Crash Disaster Near Chicago

on May 25 1979, 241In re Air Crash Disaster Near New

Orleans, 654In re Arbitration Between Polemis and

Furness Withy & Co. Ltd., 472In re Estate of Folcher, 1059In re Facebook Internet Tracking Litig.,

1176In re Galbasini, 752In re Haw. Fed. Asbestos Cases, 842In re Lead Paint Litigation, 1027In re Marriage of Tigges, 1168In re Matthys, 349In re Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether

(MTBE) Products Liab. Litig., 447In re Nickelodeon Consumer Priv.

Litig., 1176In re S.K.H., 95In re Spencer, 148In re Starlink Corn Products Liability

Litig., 1030In re Tylenol (Acetaminophen) Mktg.

Sales Practices and Products Liab. Litig., 259

In Tayar v. Camelback Ski Corp. Inc., 873

Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad v. Ameri-can Cyanamid Co., 778

Inkel v. Livingston, 617Inland Steel v. Pequignot, 351, 778Intel Corp. v. Hamidi, 139International U. v. Garner, 1160Irwin v. Ashurst, 1143Irwin v. Town of Ware, 708


TABLE OF CASES xxxvii

Isaacs v. Huntington Mem. Hosp., 630Iseberg v. Gross, 533Italian Cowboy Partners Ltd. v. Pruden-

tial Ins. Co., 1068Ivancic v. Olmstead, 639J.C. Penney Co. Inc. v. Chavez, 376J.S. v. R.T.H., 546Jackson Jordan Inc. v. Leydig Voit &

Mayer, 981Jackson v. AEG Live LLC, 567Jackson v. H.H. Robertson Co. Inc., 400Jackson v. Nestle-Beich Inc., 842Jackson v. Ray Kruse Constr. Co., 645Jacobs v. Halper, 1046Jacobsen v. Allstate Ins. Co., 650Jacobson v. Dahlberg, 915Jacobus v. Trump, 1087Jacque v. Steenberg Homes Inc., 994Jagger v. Mohawk Mountain Ski Area

Inc., 881Jaillet v. Cashman, 1083James v. Gannett Co. Inc., 1089James v. Jackson, 542James v. Lieb, 660James v. Meow Media Inc., 464Janice H. v. 696 N. Robertson LLC, 627Jarrard v. UPS Inc., 95Jarrett v. Jones, 667Jasko v. Woolworth Co., 380Javier v. City of Milwaukee, 952Jaworski v. Kiernan, 880Jea v. Cho, 420Jean v. Commonwealth, 596Jefferson County Sch. Dist. v. Moody’s

Investor’s Services Inc., 1142Jelly v. Dabney, 173Jensen v. State, 1167Jews For Jesus Inc. v. Rapp, 1183Jimenez v. Superior Court, 831John B. v. Superior Court, 19John Doe 2 v. Associated Press, 1158John Doe BF v. Diocese of Gallup, 337John Doe v. Archdiocese of Milwaukee,

1040

John Doe v. Paul Arts M.D., 652John Morrell & Co. v. Royal Caribbean

Cruises, 619John R. v. Oakland Unified School

District, 748Johnson & Johnson v. Aetna Cas. &

Surety Co., 257Johnson County Sherriff ’s Posse Inc. v.

Endsley, 645Johnson v. Barnes & Noble Booksellers

Inc., 125Johnson v. Jacobs, 505Johnson v. Jamaica Hosp., 667Johnson v. Johnson Chem. Co. Inc., 824Johnson v. Minnesota, 532Johnson v. New York, 655Johnson v. Souza, 576Johnson v. United Parcel Services Inc.,

122Johnson v. Weedman, 140Johnson v. West Va. Univ. Hosp., 651Johnson v. Woman’s Hospital, 89Johnstone v. City of Albuquerque, 518Jones v. Baisch, 746Jones v. Billings, 607Jones v. Clinton, 1143Jones v. Harris, 85, 96Jones v. Howard University Inc., 653Jones v. Owings, 642Jones v. Secord, 549Jones v. Shipley, 68, 79Jones v. Southwestern Newspapers

Corp., 357Jones v. Thomas, 895Joyce v. State Dept. of Corrections, 543Judd v. Walker, 1066Judge Hand in Conway v. O’Brien, 280Judge v. Saltz Plastic Surgery P.C., 1164Juhl v. Airington, 458Juisti v. Hyatt Hotel Corp., 482Jurado v. Western Gear Works, 845Jurs v. City of Omaha, 31Jury v. Giant of Md. Inc., 188Jutzi-Johnson v. U.S., 210


xxxviii TABLE OF CASES

Juvenalis v. District of Columbia, 858K.H. v. J.R., 546K.M. v. Alabama Dept. of Youth

Services, 107Kampen v. American Isuzu Motors Inc.,

845Kaneko v. Hilo Coast Processing, 892Kapres v. Heller, 698Kassama v. Magat, 725Kassis v. Lease and Rental Management

Corp., 533Katapodis v. Brooklyn Spectator Inc.,

1088Katko v. Briney, 179Keel v. Banach, 725Keel v. Hainline, 59Keene v. Brigham and Women’s Hosp.

Inc., 964Keeton v. Hustler Mag. Inc., 1104Kellermann v. McDonough, 545Kelley v. Bonney, 1143Kelly v. Gwinnell, 692Kelly v. Storey County Sheriff, 193Kemp v. Estate of Crabtree, 259Kennedy v. Wal-Mart Stores, 375Kent v. Commonwealth, 524Kent v. Gulf States Utilities Co., 780Kentucky Fried Chicken v. Superior Ct.,

634Kentucky River Med. Ctr. v. McIntosh,

620Kenyon v. Hospital San Antonio, 582Kersh v. Heffner, 34Kessler v. Mortenson, 608Keyes v. Tallahassee Mem. Reg. Med.

Ctr., 381Khan v. Houston NFL Holdings LP, 760Kilduff v. Adams Inc., 1073Kilian v. Doubleday & Co. Inc., 1093King v. Northeast Security Inc., 589King v. Phillips, 476Kingsbury v. Smith, 718Kinsman v. Unocal Corp., 645Kircher v. City of Jamestown, 594

Kirk v. Denver Publishing Co., 258Kissinger v. Mannor, 36Kituskie v. Corbman, 318Kleinknecht v. Gettysburg College, 543Kline v. 1500 Massachusetts Ave.

Apartment Corp., 538Klingerman v. Sol Corp., 691Klopp v. Wackenhutt Corp., 620Kmart Corp. v. Bassett, 388Knierim v. Izzo, 114, 650Knorpp v. Hale, 612Knox v. Anderson, 1059Kobza v. Kutac, 959Koch v. Southwestern Elec. Power Co.,

275Koepnick v. Sears Roebuck & Co., 138Koeppel v. Speirs, 1171Koestler v. Pollard, 116Kolegas v. Heftel Broad. Corp., 1182Komornik v. Sparks, 243Konick v. Berke Moore Co., 743Kozup v. Georgetown Univ., 162Kramer Service Inc. v. Wilkins, 414Kratz ex rel. Kratz-Spera v. MedSource

Community Services Inc., 980Krebs v. Charlotte Sch. of L. LLC, 321Kremen v. Cohen, 149Krivijanski v. Union R. Co., 895Kubert v. Best, 451Kuechle v. Life’s Companion P.C.A.

Inc., 1101, 1145Kumho Tire Co. v. Carmichael, 827Kurowski v. Town of Chester, 626Kuzmicz v. Ivy Hill Park Apts. Inc., 638L.A. Fitness Intern. LLC v. Mayer, 537L.S. Ayres & Co. v. Hicks, 563La Bruno v. Lawrence, 53La Page v. Smith, 200La Raia v. Superior Court, 563Labaj v. VanHouten, 771LaBrier v. Anheuser Ford Inc., 97Ladd v. Honda Motor Co. Ltd., 1077Lahr v. Fulbright & Jaworski L.L.P., 108LaMartiniere v. Allstate Ins. Co., 1175


TABLE OF CASES xxxix

Lamb v. Rizzo, 1125Lambert v. Parrish, 516Lambertson v. United States, 49Lambeth v. Media General Inc., 567Lambrecht v. Schreyer, 75Lamprecht v. Schluntz, 381Lance v. Senior, 633Landers v. East Texas Salt Water

Disposal Company, 906Langan v. Bellinger, 998Langan v. Valicopters Inc., 777Langeslag v. KYMN Inc., 94, 95Langford v. Shu, 64Langle v. Kurkul, 697Lapre v. Kane, 1026Larsen v. Banner Health System, 685Larsen v. Philadelphia Newspapers Inc.,

1179Larson v. City of Chicago, 639Larson v. Dunn, 95Larson-Murphy v. Steiner, 772Laser v. Wilson, 543Lasley v. Combined Transport Inc., 298Lauer v. City of N.Y., 594Lauritzen v. Lauritzen, 544Lavigne v. Chase, 318Lavin v. Conte, 818Law v. Superior Court, 900Lawson v. Citizens & S. Nat’l Bank,

1050Lawson v. Mitsubishi Motor Sales of

Am. Inc., 392Lazard Freres & Co. v. Protective Life

Ins. Co., 1067Leaders v. Dreher, 514Lear Siegler Inc. v. Perez, 510LeBlanc v. Skinner, 1105Lebron v. Gottlieb Memorial Hosp., 263Lechuga v. Southern Pac. Transp. Co.,

614Lee v. Farmer’s Rural Elec. Co-op.

Corp., 367Lee v. GNLV Corp., 537Lee v. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co., 200

Lehner v. Pittsburgh Rys. Co., 510Leichtman v. WLW Jacor Comm. Inc.,

81Leith v. Frost, 147Lemmerman v. Fealk, 977Leo v. General Elec. Co., 1019Leppke v. Segura, 707Lerner v. Laufer, 314Lesser v. Neosho County Comm. Coll.,

78, 162Letter Carriers v. Austin, 1138Leuer v. Johnson, 434Leung v. Verdugo Hills Hospital, 919Levine v. The Kramer Group, 1047Levy v. Franks, 94Lewis v. Westinghouse Electric Corpora-

tion, 649Li v. Yellow Cab Co., 860Liberty Mut. Ins. Co. v. Steadman, 98Lickteig v. Kolar, 945Life Ins. Co. of Ga. v. Johnson, 254, 261Liley v. Cedar Springs Ranch Inc., 772Lilya v. Greater Gulf State Fair Inc., 620Limestone Products Distrib. Inc. v.

McNamara, 744Lincoln General Ins. Co. v. Detroit

Diesel Corp., 831Linden v. CNH America LLC, 803Linder v. Bidner, 545Linebaugh v. Berdish, 34Lipman v. Atlantic Coast Line R. Co.,

97Liriano v. Hobart, 822Lisa M. v. Henry Mayo Newhall Mem.

Hosp., 752Litchford v. Hancock, 862Livesay v. Ambassador Operating Co.,

173LLMD of Mich. Inc. v. Jackson-Cross

Co., 327LM v. United States, 567Lomando v. United States, 964Lompe v. Sunridge Partners, 242Lonzo v. Lonzo, 933


xl TABLE OF CASES

Loomis v. Terry, 284Lopez v. Surchia, 174Lord v. Fogcutter Bar, 200Loveridge v. Chartier, 34Lovinger v. Hix Green Buick Co., 143Low v. Park Price Co., 371Lowe v. Philip Morris USA Inc., 216Lozoya v. Sanchez, 213, 671Lucas v. Hamm, 313Lucas v. Hesperia Golf & Country Club,

413Lucchesi v. Frederic N. Stimmell M.D.,

93Lucero v. Richardson & Richardson

Inc., 626Ludman v. Davenport Assumption

High School, 620Luensmann v. Zimmer-Zampese &

Assoc., 999Lugosi v. Universal Pictures, 1190Lundman v. McKown, 544Lussier v. Bessette, 455Lybrand v. Trask, 94Lyles v. Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA

Inc., 393Lyons v. Midnight Sun Transp. Servs.

Inc., 292MacDermid v. Discover Financial

Services, 109, 517MacGregor v. Walker, 574MacGregor v. Watts, 146Mack Trucks Inc. v. Conkle, 254, 258Mack v. Carmack, 728MacPherson v. Buick Motor Co., 790,

794Maddox v. Townsend and Sons Inc., 619Maddux v. Donaldson, 906, 908Maddy v. Vulcan Materials Co., 996Magnaleasing Inc. v. Staten Is. Mall,

1058Mahowald v. Minnesota Gas Co., 390Majca v. Beekil, 651Maldonado v. Gateway Hotel Holdings

L.L.C., 754

Malicki v. Doe, 679Malik v. Carrier Corp., 686Mandell v. Pivnick, 1015Mangual v. Berezinsky, 395Manning v. Metropolitan Life Ins., 108Marathon Corp. v. Pitzner, 419Marcano v. Northwestern Chrysler-

Plymouth Sales Inc., 120Marcum v. Bowden, 698Marcus v. Liebman, 122Mark v. Oregon, 1021Marlow v. City of Sisters, 168Marmelstein v. Kehillat New Hemp-

stead, 679Marquay v. Eno, 343, 542Marsallis v. LaSalle, 576Marshall v. Burger King Corp., 631Marshall v. Celotex Corp., 441Marshall v. Nugent, 477, 496Marshall v. Ranne, 889Martin Luther King Ctr. for Soc.

Change Inc. v. Am. Heritage Products Inc., 1190

Martin v. Abbott Labs., 443, 444Martin v. Herzog, 355Martin v. Petta, 381Martinez Management Inc. v. Caston,

154Martino v. Wal-Mart Stores Inc., 406Masters v. New York Central R. Co., 862Mathis v. Cannon, 1133Matsuyama v. Birnbaum, 424, 426Matthews v. Amberwood Associates

Ltd. Partnership Inc., 641Mauri v. Smith, 1167Maussner v. Atlantic City Country

Club, 342, 566Mawe v. Piggot, 1088Mayes v. LIN Television of Tex. Inc.,

1167McCahill v. New York Transp. Co., 432,

480McClenahan v. Cooley, 470McClure v. Rich, 612


TABLE OF CASES xli

McClymont v. Morgan, 292McConkey v. AON Corp., 1063McCray v. DPC Industries Inc., 107McCue v. Klein, 159McCulloh v. Drake, 106McCullough v. McAnelly, 174McDonald v. City of Red Wing, 191McDonald v. Ford, 81McDonald v. Highline School Dist.

#401, 614McDougald v. Garber, 210McDougall v. Lamm, 666McElrath v. Electric Inv. Co., 1062McGee v. A C And S Inc., 209McGee v. Alexander, 689McGee v. Chalfant, 707McGrath v. Zenith Radio Corp., 1052McGuiggan v. New England Tel. & Tel.

Co., 697McGuire v. Almy, 54, 58, 517McIntosh v. Omaha Public Schools, 616McIntyre v. Smoke Tree Ranch Stables,

97McKee v. Cosby, 1122McKenna v. Straughan, 578, 707McKernan v. Aasheim, 711McKinney v. Hartz & Restle Realtors

Inc., 608McKinney v. State, 734McLennan v. American Eurocopter

Corp. Inc., 825McMillen v. Klingensmith, 925McNair v. Lend Lease Trucks Inc., 747McNamara v. Freedom Newspapers Inc.,

1159McNeil v. Nabors Drilling USA Inc.,

567McNeil v. Wagner College, 575McQueen v. Burkhart, 1021M’Culloch v. Maryland, 846Meat Producers Inc. v. McFarland, 999,

1011Medlar v. Mohan, 286, 363Medlen v. Strickland, 146

Medlin v. Bass, 33, 752, 760Medtronic Inc. v. Lohr, 847Meeropol v. Nizer, 1186Meighan v. Shore, 313Melendres v. Soales, 239Mellon Mortgage Co. v. Holder, 271Melvin v. Reid, 1158Memorial Med. Ctr. of E. Tex. v.

Keszler, 925Memphis Publishing Co. v. Nichols,

1181Meny v. Carlson, 400Mercado v. Mount Sinai Hosp. Med.

Ctr., 169Merchants Fast Motor Lines v. State,

381Merhi v. Becker, 477, 483, 502Merkel v. Safeway Stores Inc., 637Merrick v. Thomas, 569Merrill v. Trump Ind. Inc., 692MetLife Auto & Home v. Joe Basil

Chevrolet Inc., 407Meyer ex rel. Coplin v. Fluor Corpora-

tion, 214Meyers v. Medford Lakes Bd. of Educ.,

321Micari v. Mann, 33, 170, 209Miceli v. Ansell Inc., 716Michie v. Great Lakes Steel Division

National Steel Corp., 905Michigan Coalition for Responsible

Gun Owners v. City of Ferndale, 946

Mieske v. Bartell Drug Co., 146Miglino v. Bally Total Fitness of Greater

New York, 351, 355Mikolajczyk v. Ford Motor Co., 812Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co., 1091,

1134Miller v. Brooks, 1169Miller v. Grand Union Co., 926Miller v. HCA Inc, 162Miller v. Jeffrey, 900Miller v. NBC, 1176


xlii TABLE OF CASES

Miller v. Redwood Toxicology Labora-tory Inc., 569

Miller v. Stouffer, 910Minn. Fire & Cas. Ins. Co. v. Paper

Recycling of La Crosse, 626Minnich v. Med-Waste Inc., 884Minyard Food Stores Inc. v. Goodman,

746Mirand v. City of N.Y., 542Mission Petroleum Carriers Inc. v.

Solomon, 569Mitchell v. Davis, 934Mitchell v. Gonzales, 423Mitchell v. Ridgewood E. Apts. LLC,

631Mobil Chemical Co. v. Bell, 383Mobley Law Firm PA v. Lisle Law Firm

PA, 98Moffat v. Cauldwell, 1088Mohr v. Commonwealth, 734Moll v. United States, 126Monell v. Department of Soc. Servs.,

952Money v. Manville Corp. Asbestos

Disease Comp. Trust Fund, 413Montgomery Elevator Co. v. Gordon,

392, 892Montgomery v. Devoid, 458Montgomery v. Royal Motel, 362Montgomery Ward v. Andrews, 993Monzon v. U.S., 948Moody v. Delta Western Inc., 885Moore v. Big Picture Co., 1189Moore v. El Paso Chamber of Commerce,

73Moore v. Francis, 1088Moore v. Lillebo, 233Moore v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.,

155, 332Morales v. Lee, 120Moranko v. Downs Racing LP, 706Moreno v. Sanchez, 981Morgan v. Greenwaldt, 120Morgan v. Horton, 1037

Morgan v. Scott, 223Morganroth & Morganroth v. Norris

McLaughlin & Marcus, 461Morrison v. MacNamara, 310Morrison v. National Broadcasting Co.,

1091Morrissey v. Yale University, 94Morrow Shoe Mfg. Co. v. New England

Shoe Co., 142Moser v. Ratinoff, 880Moses v. Episcopal Diocese of Colo-

rado, 677Moss v. Rishworth, 164Mostert v. CBL & Assoc., 637Mower v. Leicester, 951Muela v. Gomez, 533Mueller v. McMillan Warner Ins. Co.,

514Muhammad v. Strassburger et al., 315Mulcahy v. Lilly & Co., 442Mullin v. Municipal City of South

Bend, 594Mullins v. Parkview Hosp. Inc., 70Mulraney v. Auletto’s Catering, 637Munger v. Seehafer, 994Munn v. The Hotchkiss School, 538Murillo v. Seymour Ambulance Assn.,

533Murphy v. E. R. Squibb & Sons Inc.,

441, 798Murphy v. I.R.S., 241Murphy v. Implicito, 71, 909Murphy v. Neely, 295Murphy v. Smith, 981Murphy v. Steeplechase Amusement

Co., 864, 865Murray v. Farmers Ins. Co., 408Murray v. Ford Motor Co., 831Murray v. Great Gorge Resort Inc., 881Muzikowski v. Paramount Pictures

Corp., 1095Myers v. Lee, 93Myers v. Robertson, 944Myrick v. Barron, 1168


TABLE OF CASES xliii

NAACP v. Acusport Inc., 1017Nabors Well Services Ltd. v. Romero,

900Nabozny v. Barnhill, 877Nader v. General Motors Corp., 1175Namath v. Sports Illus., 1187Napieralski v. Unity Church, 544Nasser v. Parker, 558National Cas. Co. v. Northern Trust

Bank of Fla., 730National Conversion Corp. v. Cedar

Building Corp., 1063National Sav. Bank v. Ward, 310Nearhood v. Anytime Fitness-Kings-

ville, 872Neff v. Time Inc., 1160Neiman v. Upper Queens Med. Group

City Ct., 657Neiman-Marcus v. Lait, 1094Nelson v. Burnham & Morrill Co., 602Nelson v. Salt Lake City, 590Neubauer v. Disneyland Inc., 97Neufeldt v. L.R. Foy Constr. Co., 93New Prime Inc. v. Brandon Balchune

Constr. Inc., 914New York Times Co. v. Connor, 1113New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 1107,

1137, 1178, 1180New York Chicago & St. Louis R.R. v.

Mushrush, 616Newbury v. Vogel, 908Newell v. Montana W. Inc., 637Newsom v. B.B., 546Ney v. Yellow Cab Co., 347Nichols v. Dobler, 698Nicholson v. St. Anne Lanes Inc., 377Nielsen v. Dickerson, 110NKC Hosps. Inc. v. Anthony, 522Noble v. Louisville Transfer Co., 68Nobrega v. Edison Glen Assoc., 1050Noguchi v. Nakamura, 120Noll v. Marian, 632Noone v. Chalet of Wichita, 688Normand v. City of New Orleans, 746

North Carolina ex rel. Cooper v. Tennessee Valley Auth., 1016

Norton v. Wilbur Waggoner Equip. Rental, 342

Nova Univ. v. Wagner, 546Nunez v. Carrabba’s Italian Grill Inc.,

692Nussbaum v. Lacopo, 274O.L. v. R.L., 611O’Banner v. McDonald’s Corp., 768Obde v. Schlemeyer, 1049O’Brien v. Cunard S.S. Co., 67, 160O’Brien v. Muskin Corp., 853O’Connell v. State, 964Oddo v. Queens Village Comm. for

Mental Health, 543Ogden v. Claycomb, 173Ohler v. Tacoma Gen. Hosp., 971O’Keeffe v. Snyder, 149Okoli v. Paul Hastings LLC., 81, 1092Old Island Fumigation Inc. v. Barbee,

778Oliver v. Village Voice Inc., 1114Ollman v. Evans, 1136Oltmer v. Zamora, 1055Opperman v. Path Inc., 1171Orozco v. Dallas Morning News Inc.,

465Ortega v. City of New York, 407Ortega v. K-Mart Corp., 377Orthmann v. Apple River Campground

Inc., 634Ortiz v. John D. Pittenger Builder Inc.,

665Osborn v. Irwin Mem. Blood Bank, 326,

327Osborne v. U.S., 522O’Shea v. Riverway Towing Co., 237, 240Osland v. Osland, 977Otis Engineering Corp. v. Clark, 707O’Toole v. Carr, 747O’Toole v. U.S., 948Ouellette v. Carde, 515Overbaugh v. McKutcheon, 697


xliv TABLE OF CASES

Overseas Tankship (U.K.) Ltd. v. Morts Dock & Engineering Co., 474, 487

Oviatt v. Pearce, 118Owens Corning v. R.J. Reynolds

Tobacco Co., 473Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp. v.

Malone, 255Owings v. Jones, 642P.C. v. Bank of America N.A., 154Pachowitz v. Le Doux, 1165Pachunka v. Rogers Construction Inc.,

887Padula v. New York, 307Pagelsdorf v. Safeco Ins. Co. of Am.,

645Pakos v. Clark, 88Palm Springs-La Quinta Development

Co. v. Kieberk Corp., 151Palmer v. Warren St. Ry. Co., 510Palsgraf v. Long Island R.R. Co., 62, 266,

450Pannu v. Land Rover North America

Inc., 806Papieves v. Lawrence, 113Paris v. Division of State Compensation

Ins. Funds, 88Parker & Wobber v. Miles & Stock-

bridge P.C., 314Parker v. Arthur Murray Inc., 1055Parker v. St. Lawrence County Public

Health Department, 953Parvi v. City of Kingston, 125, 577Patrick v. McGowan, 1145Patten v. Raddatz, 171Pattershall v. Jenness, 174Paul v. Watchtower Bible and Tract

Society, 115Pavlik v. Kornhaber, 103Payne v. Jones, 259Payne v. Jones, 259Paz v. Brush Engineered Materials Inc.,

216PCA v. Livestock Producers Inc., 105Pearson v. BP Products N.A. Inc., 389

Pearson v. Canada Contracting Co., 885Pearson v. Dodd, 135Peck v. Counseling Service of Addison

County Inc., 554Peck v. Tribune Co., 1088Pedroza v. Lomas Auto Mall Inc., 458Peek v. Gurney, 1049Peeler v. Hughes & Luce, 318Pegasus v. Reno Newspapers, 1122Pelkey v. Brennan, 346Pellegrini v. Cliffwood-Blue Moon Joint

Venture Inc., 1052Pelletier v. Fed. Home Loan Bk. Bd., 956Pelman v. McDonald’s Corp., 845Penn v. Henderson, 174People ex rel Spitzer v. Sturm Ruger &

Co. Inc., 1021People for the Ethical Treatment of

Animals v. Bobby Berosini Ltd., 1167

People v. Conagra Grocery Products Co., 1030

Perez v. Lopez, 518Perez v. Wyeth Labs. Inc., 823, 828Pero’s Steak and Spaghetti House v. Lee,

979Perry v. Whitley County 4-H Clubs

Inc., 966Perry-Rogers v. Obasaju, 668Pesaturo v. Kinne, 997Peter Scalamandre & Sons Inc. v.

Kaufman, 1114, 1115Peterson v. Haffner, 59Peterson v. Sorlien, 128Peterson v. Superior Court of Ventura

Co., 257Petrillo v. Bachenberg, 314Pfenning v. Lineman, 884Phelps v. Hamlett, 181Philadelphia Newspapers Inc. v. Hepps,

1092, 1137Philip Morris USA v. Williams, 252Philippides v. Bernard, 213Picard v. Barry Pontiac-Buick Inc., 72


TABLE OF CASES xlv

Pickering v. Pickering, 100Pierce v. Cook, 105Pippin v. Potomac Electric Power Co.,

862Pittman v. Frazer, 461Pleasant Glade Assembly of God v.

Schubert, 115Ploof v. Putnam, 195Plotkin v. Club Valencia Condo. Ass’n,

994Plotnik v. Meihaus, 146Plumley v. Birge, 303Podias v. Mairs, 453Poe v. San Antonio Express-News

Corp., 1094Pokora v. Wabash Ry. Co., 287, 339Pontbriand v. Sundlun, 1159Ponticas v. K.M.S. Invs., 760Pope v. City of Houston, 999Potocnik v. Carlson, 1176Potter v. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co.,

651Poyser v. Peerless, 1122Prah v. Maretti, 1000, 1001, 1015Prescott v. Leaf River Forest Products

Inc., 1021President & Directors of Georgetown

College v. Hughes, 960Pressey by and through Pressey v.

Children’s Hosp. Colorado, 730Pressil v. Gibson, 715, 717Preston v. State, 201Price v. Halstead, 458Price v. Hartford Accident and Indem-

nity Co., 256Price v. Purdue Pharma Co., 200Priebe v. Nelson, 29, 887Prince v. Out Publ’g Inc., 1094, 1159Pring v. Penthouse Int’l Ltd., 1095Pringle v. Valdez, 900Pritchard v. Stanley Access Technolo-

gies LLC, 383Progressive Ins. Co v. General Motors

Corp., 831

Provence v. Doolin, 864Provenzano v. Integrated Genetics, 725Provenzo v. Sam, 513, 515Providence Health Center v. Dowell,

519Pruitt v. Savage, 645Prukala v. Elle, 1175Public Health Trust v. Brown, 712Pucalik v. Holiday Inns Inc., 576Pucci v. Algiere, 1025Pulka v. Edelman, 534Pulliam v. Gentry, 1059Purtle v. Shelton, 303Pyeritz v. Com., 406Quackenbush v. Superior Ct., 264Quakenbush v. Lackey, 957Quinn v. Limited Express Inc., 170R.D.J. v. Vaughan Clinic P.C., 133Rabideau v. City of Racine, 666Rabinowitz v. Wahrenberger, 98Railroad v. Cathey, 415Ramcharan v. Pariser, 525Ramos v. Tex. Dept. of Pub. Safety, 957Ranard v. O’Neil, 358Randall’s Food Markets Inc. v. Johnson,

94, 118, 1145Ranson v. Kitner, 52, 53Rasky v. Columbia Broadcasting System

Inc., 1090Ray v. American Natl. Red Cross, 373Ray v. Cutter Labs., 442Reardon v. Windswept Farm LLC, 871Reddell v. Johnson, 880Reeves v. Melton, 89Reilly v. Anderson, 911Rein v. Benchmark Const. Co., 275Rein v. Fog, 932Rekab Inc. v. Frank Hrubetz & Com-

pany, 529Remsburg v. Docusearch Inc., 546, 550,

1167, 1188Remsburg v. Montgomery, 346, 533Remy v. MacDonald, 730Reno v. D’Javid, 198


xlvi TABLE OF CASES

Renslow v. Mennonite Hosp., 729Renwick v. News and Observer Publish-

ing Co., 1178Renzi v. Paredes, 430Reynolds v. Pierson, 54Reynolds v. Texas and Pacific Railway

Co., 412Rhodes v. E.I. du Pont de Nemours &

Co., 69, 992, 1023Rhodes v. Illinois Cent. Gulf R.R., 604Rhudy v. Bottlecaps Inc., 637Rice v. Press, 1059Richard v. A. Waldman and Sons Inc.,

1075Richards v. Richards, 1169Richetta v. Stanley Fastening Systems

L.P., 813Richter v. Wagner Oil Co., 1052, 1066Riddle v. Perry, 1144Ridley v. Safety Kleen Corp., 900Rieck v. Medical Protective Co., 713Rios v. Sifuentes, 778Rios v. Smith, 580Riss v. City of New York, 584Rivas v. Overlake Hosp. Med. Ctr., 980Riverbend Country Club v. Patterson,

745Rizzuto v. Davidson Ladders Inc., 406Roa v. Lodi Medical Group Inc., 264Roach v. Dental Arts Lab. Inc., 508Roberts v. Speck, 184Roberts v. Waldbaum’s, 736Roberts v. Williamson, 213Robins v. Conseco Fin. Loan Co., 1165Robinson Property Group Ltd. Partner-

ship v. McCalman, 689Robinson v. Lindsay, 303Robinson v. Omer, 1073Robinson v. Paramount Pictures Corp.,

94Robinson v. Reed-Prentice Division of

Package Machinery Co., 845Rocha v. Faltys, 561Rochford v. G.K. Dev. Inc., 620

Rochford v. Woodloch Pines Inc., 879Rodebush v. Oklahoma Nursing Homes

Ltd., 742Rodrigues v. Hawaii, 654Rodriguez v. Suzuki Motor Corp., 244Roe v. Wade, 718, 720Rogers v. Board of Road Comm’rs for

Kent County, 993Rogers v. Peeler, 173Roman Catholic Archbishop of Boston

v. Rogers, 993Romero v. Byers, 672Rose v. Daily Mirror Inc., 1096Rose v. National Tractor Pullers Ass’n

Inc., 872Rosemont Ent. Inc. v. Choppy Produc-

tions Inc., 1187Rosen v. Capital City Press, 1093Rosenberg v. Helinski, 1148Rosenblatt v. Baer, 1116Rosenbloom v. Metromedia Inc., 1113,

1117, 1126, 1137Ross v. Columbia Newspapers Inc., 1089Ross v. Glaser, 580Ross v. Souter, 63Rossi v. Del Duca, 196Rouch v. Enquirer & News of Battle

Creek, 1093Rousey v. Rousey, 935Rowe v. Bennett, 659Rowland v. Christian, 621Rucker v. Fed. Natl. Mortg. Assn., 619Rudeck v. Wright, 325, 421Ruple v. Brooks, 51Rush v. Commercial Realty Co., 890Russell v. American Real Estate Corp.,

142, 993Russell v. The Men of Devon, 950Russell-Vaughn Ford Inc. v. Rouse, 144Russo v. Griffin, 318Russo v. White, 90Ruth v. Dight, 970, 971Ruth v. Fletcher, 92Ryan v. New York Cent. R.R. Co., 470


TABLE OF CASES xlvii

Rylands v. Fletcher, 777S & F Corporation v. Daley, 79S & W Seafoods v. Jacor Broadcasting,

465S. Shore Baseball LLC v. DeJesus, 878S.H. Kress & Co. v. Brashier, 73S.V. v. R.V., 241, 546, 611, 977Saba v. Darling, 38, 58, 72, 709Sabrah v. Lucent Tech. Inc., 1167Sabrina W. v. Willman, 1175Saelzler v. Advanced Group, 416Sage Title Group LLC v. Roman, 154,

326Sahlie v. Johns-Manville Sales Corp.,

971Saiz v. Belen Sch. Dist., 754Sakon v. PepsiCo Inc., 465Saks v. Sawtelle Goode Davidson &

Troilo, 200Salevan v. Wilmington Park Inc., 638Sall v. T’s Inc., 570Saller v. Crown Cork & Seal Co. Inc., 809Sampson v. U. of Texas at Austin, 616San Benito Bank & Trust Co. v. Landair

Travels, 533Sanchez v. Schindler, 233Sanders v. Acclaim Entertainment Inc.,

464Sands ex rel. Sands v. Green, 980Santiago v. Sherwin Williams Co., 441Santillo v. Reedel, 1179Sarwer v. Conde Nast Publications Inc.,

1097Sawyer v. Midelfort, 977Scheckel v. NLI Inc., 639Schivarelli v. CBS Inc., 1142Schmidt v. Bishop, 977Schmidt v. Mahoney, 325Schneider Nat. Carriers Inc. v. Bates,

1031Schneider v. Amazon.com, 1100Schneider v. Haws, 325Schoeps v. Whitewater Adventures LLC,

872

Schramm v. Lyon, 984Schultz v. Foster-Glocester Reg. Sch.

Dist., 589Schurk v. Christensen, 665Schuster v. City of New York, 592Scott v. Bradford, 328, 334Scott v. Minneapolis Pub. Sch. Spec.

Dist. No. 1, 343Scurlock Oil Co. v. Smithwick, 930Seals v. Snow, 56Searcy v. Auerbach, 1148Seim v. Garavalia, 30, 366, 735Sepaugh v. LaGrone, 938Shafer v. Berger, 1065Shain v. Racine Raiders Football Club

Inc., 865Sharpe v. St. Luke’s Hosp., 569Sharpe v. Turley, 200Sharyland Water Supply Corp. v. City of

Alton, 837Sheahan v. Northeast Illinois Reg’l

Commuter R.R. Corp., 213Sheehan v. Anderson, 1145Sheehan v. Roche Brothers Supermarkets

Inc., 377Sheehan v. St. Paul & Duluth Ry. Co.,

604Shelby v. Sun Printing & Pub. Ass’n,

1097Sheltra v. Smith, 83Sherbert v. Alcan Alum. Corp., 325Shideler v. Habiger, 477Shipley v. City of New York, 659Shockley v. Hoechst Celanese Corp.,

777Shoemake v. Fogel Ltd., 927Shor Int’l. Corp. v. Eisinger Enterprises

Inc., 1092Shulman v. Group W Productions Co.,

1177Shypulski v. Waldorf Paper Products

Co., 887Sidis v. F-R Publishing Corp., 1155Sierocki v. Hieber, 546


xlviii TABLE OF CASES

Sierra Fria Corp. v. Donald J. Evans P.C., 333

Silas v. Bowen, 171Silberstein v. Cordie, 546Simeonidis v. Mashantucket Pequot

Gaming Enterprise, 480Simmons v. Loose, 192Simonson v. White, 293Simpson v. Mars Inc., 1101Sims v. Giles, 616Sinclair v. Brill, 977Sindell v. Abbott Laboratories, 434Sindle v. N.Y.C. Transit Auth., 204Singer v. Marx, 59Sippy v. Cristich, 1067Sitzman v. Schumaker, 36Skipworth v. Lead Indus. Ass’n Inc., 441Slater v. Skyhawk Transp. Inc., 927Sloan v. South Carolina Dep’t of Pub.

Safety, 1189Slocum v. Food Fair Stores of Florida

Inc., 96, 650Smiley v. Corrigan, 913Smith & Gaston Funeral Directors v.

Wilson, 654Smith v. Atkinson, 407Smith v. Baptiste, 26Smith v. Borello, 730Smith v. Calvary Christian Church, 162Smith v. Cote, 717Smith v. Cutter Biological Inc., 442Smith v. Durden, 1131Smith v. Howard Johnson Co., 402Smith v. Jersey Central Power & Light

Co., 1007Smith v. Lannert, 740, 746, 904Smith v. Lewis, 314Smith v. Lockheed Propulsion Co., 777Smith v. Moody Gardens Inc., 416, 966Smith v. Moran, 66Smith v. Murray, 311Smith v. State Dept. of Health & Hosp.,

430Smith v. Toney, 665

Smith v. Wal-Mart Stores Inc., 620Smitherman v. McCafferty, 187Smrtka v. Boote, 346, 619Snodgras v. Martin & Bayley Inc., 690Snow v. City of Columbia, 989Softcheck v. Imesch, 977Soldano v. O’Daniels, 583Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation v.

Lubell, 149Solomon v. City of New York, 594Sonoran Desert Investig. Inc. v. Miller,

203Sorenson v. Gardner, 1065Sorichetti v. City of New York, 590Sorkin v. Lee, 713Soto v. New York City Transit Auth.,

470Soule v. General Motors Corp., 808South v. McCarter, 572Southwest Key Program Inc. v. Gil-

Perez, 420Souza v. City of Antioch, 595Sovereign Pocohontas v. Bond, 1045Sparks v. Peaster, 1115, 1122Spears v. Coffee, 509Spence v. Three Rivers Bldrs. &

Masonry Supply, 367Spiess v. Brandt, 1059Spokane Truck & Dray Co. v. Hoefer,

245Sprecher v. Adamson Co., 638Springmeyer v. Ford Motor Co., 529Spur Industries Inc. v. Del E. Webb

Development Co., 1033Squaw Valley Ski Corp. v. Superior Ct.,

97Squeglia v. Squeglia, 934St. Amant v. Thompson, 1113St. Elizabeth Hospital v. Garrard, 682St. Joseph Hosp. v. Wolff, 461Staab v. Diocese of St. Cloud, 913Stachniewicz v. Mar-Cam Corp., 347Stacy v. Jedco Constr. Inc., 307Standing Comm. v. Yagman, 1141


TABLE OF CASES xlix

Stanton v. Univ. of Maine, 542Staples v. Bangor Hydro-Elec. Co., 1141Starr v. Hill, 784Starr v. Pearle Vision Inc., 1101State Ex Rel. Elvis Presley Int’l Mem.

Foundation v. Crowell, 1189State Ex Rel. Johnson & Johnson Corp.

v. Karl, 828State Farm Fire & Cas. Co. v. White-

Rodgers Corp., 989State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v.

Traver, 745State Farm Mutual Automobile Insur-

ance Co. v. Campbell, 246State v. Crow, 80State v. Floyd, 173State v. Furr, 126State v. Lead Industries Association Inc.,

1024State v. McGraw, 137State v. Second Jud. Dist. Ct., 957State v. Seventh Regiment Fund Inc.,

142State v. Tidwell, 21, 543States v. Lourdes Hosp., 383Statler v. George A. Ray Mfg. Co., 790Stender v. Blessum, 680Sterling v. Rust Communications, 1090Stevenson v. Delahaye, 516Stevenson v. E.I

Studies in American Tort Law - Carolina Academic Press · 2018. 7. 2. · Studies in American Tort...

Documents

Transcript of Studies in American Tort Law - Carolina Academic Press · 2018. 7. 2. · Studies in American Tort...