Stucture II_Pertemuan 1_Modul 1^02_Rizki Mitha.pptx
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Transcript of Stucture II_Pertemuan 1_Modul 1^02_Rizki Mitha.pptx
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Structure II-Fall 2013
Pertemuan I: 1 September 2013
Modul 1 : Sentences and Clauses
Modul 2: Conjunctions (Unit 1)
Paramitha Mansoer
Universitas Terbuka
Korea Selatan
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MODUL 1 : SENTENCES AND CLAUSES
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Unit 1 : Clauses
A. Independent Clauses
B. Dependent Clauses
C. Types of Dependent Clauses
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Unit 1 : ClausesA. Independent Clauses
Independent Clause (main clause):
Kelompok kata yang saling berhubungan yang
mempunyai subjek dan predikat dan dapat
berdiri sendiri sebagai kalimat yang lengkap dan
utuh.
Clause [noun; countable] : kelompok kata yang saling
berhubungan yang memiliki subjek dan predikat.
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Unit 1 : Clauses
A. Independent Clauses
Rudy is my son.
I know that boy.
English is an international language. I have been to Singapore.
We visited Kuta beach last year.
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Unit 1 : Clauses
B. Dependent Clauses
Dependent Clause (subordinate clause):
Anak kalimat, mempunyai subjek dan predikat,tetapi tidak bisa berdiri sendiri sebagai kalimat
yang lengkap karena tidak mengekspresikanpemikiran yang lengkap.
Menggunakan subordinate conjunctions: who,that, whether, if, when, until, after, although,because, since, whereas, before.
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Unit 1 : Clauses
B. Dependent Clauses
That he is a banker.
If you go by bus or by train.
After you arrive in Bali. Whereas Anita is diligent.
Why he cried.
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Unit 1 : Clauses
C. Types of Dependent Clauses
Dependent Clause, dapat berfungsi sebagai
Kata benda (noun clause)
Kata sifat (adjective clause)
Kata keterangan (adverbial clause)
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Unit 1 : Clauses
C. Types of Dependent Clauses
1. Noun Clause
Dapat berfungsi sebagai:
Subjek
Objek kata kerja atau preposisi
Pelengkap
Subordinate conjunction yang digunakan:
That, whether, if, what,....etc.
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Unit 1 : Clauses
C. Types of Dependent Clauses1. Noun Clause as subject
How he gets the money is his own affair.
What they did does not concern me.
2. Noun Clause as transitive object I dont know where he lives.
It is true that plants need water in order to live.
3. Noun Clause My question is why you did not come last night.
My concern is how to pay the workers.
Karena sifatnya sebagai kata benda, noun clause bisa diganti dengan kata ganti it.
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Unit 1 : Clauses
C. Types of Dependent Clauses
2. Adjective Clause
Berfungsi sebagai:
Kata sifat (menerangkan kata benda)
Relative pronouns yang digunakan:
which,who, whom, whose....etc.
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Unit 1 : Clauses
C. Types of Dependent Clauses
2. Adjective Clause
The boy who/that gave me the book is
Mr.Anwars son.
The car that he drives is very expensive.
He gave the money to the man who had
done the work.
Here is the book which/that describes
animals.
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Unit 1 : Clauses
C. Types of Dependent Clauses
3. Adverbial Clause
Berfungsi sebagai:
Kata kata keterangan (menjelaskan kata kerja,kata keterangan, atau seluruh kalimat)
Relative pronouns yang digunakan:When, after, while, before, as soon as....etc.
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Unit 1 : Clauses
C. Types of Dependent Clauses
3. Adverbial Clause
You may begin when you are ready.
While he was walking home, he saw anaccident.
After she finished dinner, she went to bed.
They sat down wherever they could findempty seats.
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Unit 2 : Sentences
A. Classification by Types
B. Classification by the Number of Full
Prediction
Sentence [noun; countable] : kelompok kata yang yang
memiliki subjek, predikat, dan mengekspresikan suatu
informasi yang utuh.
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Unit 2 : Sentences
A. Classification by Types
1. Declarative sentences (statement):
memberikan informasi atau pendapat
Carol is happy.
The child ate dinner.
I have just bought the books.
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Unit 2 : Sentences
A. Classification by Types
2. Interrogative sentences (questions):
menanyakan suatu informasi
Did the child eat his dinner?
Is it your dictionary?
Are you Surya?
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Unit 2 : Sentences
A. Classification by Types
3. Imperative sentences (commands and
request): memberikan informasi apa yang
harus dilakukan oleh lawan bicara
Stop that bus!
Be quite, please!
Help!
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Unit 2 : Sentences
A. Classification by Types
4. Exclamation sentences (exclamation):mengekspresikan emosi.
What a beautiful dress you have!
What beautiful hair she has! How beautiful she is!
How far his house is!
What a + countable noun
What + uncountable noun
How + adjective or adverb
U it 2 S t
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Unit 2 : Sentences
B. Classification by the Number of Full
Predications1. Simple sentence
Tedi bought a house.
Ratih is happy.
Ratih and Rita swim everyday. (compund
subject)
I like to swim and hike everyday. (compound
predicate)
U it 2 S t
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Unit 2 : Sentences
B. Classification by the Number of Full
Prediction2. Compound sentence
a) The rain fell,and the wind blew.
b) I want to attend school,but my family needs me.
c) He was tired, so he went to bed.d) The players tried their best to win; however,I do not
expect them to win.
e) Mr. Sujudi is the richest man in his town; moreover,
he is very generous.
a) to c) : main clause + coordinate conjuction + main clause
d) to e) : main clause + transition (; linking word,) + main clause
Unit 2 Sentences
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Unit 2 : Sentences
B. Classification by the Number of Full
Prediction3. Complex sentence
You should lock the doors before you leave
the house.
Although John is a good athlete, he does not
spend too much time in sports.
Since that happend a long time ago, I wouldnot hold it again.
Unit 2 : Sentences
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Unit 2 : Sentences
B. Classification by the Number of Full
Prediction4. Compound complex sentence
Although the farmers always work long
hours, they seem to enjoy their work,andthey usually have a long time rest during the
dry season.
Some people fell on other people,and somepeople landed on the floor when the bus
stopped abruptly.
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MODUL 2: CONJUNCTIONS (UNIT 1)
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Conjunctions
Unit 1 Coordinate Conjunctions
Unit 2 Subordinate Conjunctions
Unit 3 Correlative Conjunctions
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Unit 1 Coordinate Conjunctions
A. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate
Conjunctions
B. Functional Unit Joined by Coordinate
Conjunctions
U i 1 C di C j i
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Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsA. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate
Conjunctions
and
but
or
yet
so
for
U i 1 C di C j i
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Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsA. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate
Conjunctions
Anton and Tony. [nouns]
Wind, earth, or fire. [nouns]
Slipped and fell. [verbs] Listen, write, or read. [verbs]
Tall and slim. [adjectives]
Stupid but pretty. [adjectives]
Slowly and carefully. [adverbs]
Late or early. [adverbs]
U i 1 C di C j i
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Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsA. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate
Conjunctions
Joining Words
Anton and Tony fought each other.
Is she laughing or crying?
That blond girl is pretty, sexy, but stupid.
The thief moved quickly and quitely.
U it 1 C di t C j ti
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Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsA. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate
Conjunctions
Joining Phrases
My mother, my eldest sister, and my little
brother look alike. Is he typing his English report or playing
games on the computer?
He spends his free time to play the piano,compose music, and writing poetry.
Is Juno here on vacation or on business?
U it 1 C di t C j ti
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Unit 1 Coordinate ConjunctionsA. Structural Unit Joined by Coordinate
Conjunctions
Joining Clauses
I dont know when he left town, or why he
wanted to do so. I will go with you after I have finished my
work, or after I have my lunch.
Nothing will change if you tell him now andthen leave or if you just leave without tellinghim anything.