Structure of the Interface Between Rabbit Cotrical Bone

8/4/2019 Structure of the Interface Between Rabbit Cotrical Bone

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Structure of the interface

between rabbit cortical bone and

implants of gold, zirconium andtitanium

[Quelle: JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE:MATERIALS IN MEDICINCE 8 (1997),

P. THOMSEN, C. LARSSON,

L.E. ERICSSON]

Biomaterials Science

Baris Agbuga


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Overview

1. Introduction

2. Materials and methods

3. Results

4. Conclusion & Discussion

Structure of the interface between rabbit cortical bone andimplants of gold, zirconium and titanium


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Introduction

Study was done in 1997 at Gteborg University, Sweden

Surface properties play an important role in the interactionbetween implants and tissue

Research to find correlations between different surfaceproperties and biological responses

Understand material-tissue (bone) interactions by using

different varations of metals

Application: Three different kind of implants were placedinto a cortical bone of a rabbit.



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Materials and methods

Metal implants

Titanium (Ti) Well known as implant in several different biomedical

applications

TiO2 Zirconium (Zr)

Is chemically closely to use as clinical material and similar totitanium

ZrO2

Gold (Au) Noble metal and does not form surface oxides

Real metallic surface



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All three metals are chemically very stable

Highly corrosion resistant in most environments

Products released from the implants do not

influence the biological response



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Implant preperation

12 Screw-shaped implants prepared by machining

Ultrasonically cleaned (TCE, acetone, sterile water etc.)

Dried in warm air (


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Surface characterization by Scanning Auger microprobe

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Surface topography and roughness of the implants

Auger electron spectroscopy (AES)

Relative concentration of detected elements at the surface

After ultrasonic cleaning step



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Animal and surgical procedures

Six adult New Zealand rabbits of both sexes

Anaesthetized

A hole was drilled

Diameter = 1.8mm

Implant was inserted with a screwdriver in tibia

One of each material 5mm apart $



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Results

Surface characterization

Scanning electron micrography (SEM)

All three implants similar surface topographies

Roughness (important factor for ingrowing)

Titanium > Zirconium > Gold

Auger electron spectroscopy (AES)

Relative concentration (%) of the elements detected Depends on cleanness

Rest: Oxygen, Carbon, Ca, Cl, Na, Si, etc.

Oxygen Conc. Ti and Zr = 40%; Au = 8.5%



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Results


a) Titanium

b) Zirconium

c) Gold


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Results


Light microscopy after 1 month

Titanium: bone formation and bone modelling is

observed in threads and sourrounding tissue & directcontact

Zirconium: Same as Titanium

Gold: Only the two upper threads are filled with

bone, no direct contact with bone & no change



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Results (after 1 month)


PB: Periosteal bone (Knochenhaut von aussen) / E: Endosteal (Knochenhaut Innen)/

BM: Bone Marrow (Knochenmark)

extended extended

No reactiononly bone

marrow


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Results (after 1 month)


a) Titanium b) Zirconium c) Gold

Direct bone

contact

No

reactions


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Results


Light microscopy after 6 months

Ti/Zr implants were surrounded by compact, lamellar

bone and are often in direct contact with bone

Ti & Zr: bone are newly formed in several contact

with implants

In contrast: Gold were almost separated from bone bysoft tissue in threads, although a direct contact was

present



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Results (after 6 months)


All threads

(Schraube)are filled

with bone

Soft

tissue

reject

threads


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Conclusion & Discussion

Bone trabeculare (Knochenblkchen) only extendedin Ti and Zr

Direct bone contact was more often observed in Tiand Zr than in Gold

Distincly different bone response of Gold and Ti/Zr

Gold induced less bone formation around implants

Ti/Zr implants showed enormous interactions with

rabbit bone due to the oxid layer on the surface(TiO2 & ZrO2)

Ti/Zr = active materials; Au = inactive material



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Thank you for your attention

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Structure of the Interface Between Rabbit Cotrical Bone

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