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Surpac 6.9 and the Structural Suite

Tony NykielApplication manager

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What geotechnical information can be used and processed

Who is responsible for collection and analysis

Why is it important to analyse geotechnical info

When is it available – Surpac 6.9

Workflows – examples of usage

Increase your geotechnical understanding of your mine operation with Surpac 6.9 Structural Suite

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Increase your geotechnical understanding of your mine operation with Surpac 6.9 Structural Suite

MineSurvey

Mine Planning

GeologyGeotech(ground

engineering)

Hydrogeology

Geotechnical study is a discipline that uses both geological and engineering measurements and analysis to provide information to make decisions that provide a safe and productive mine environment.

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Structural Suite for GEOVIA Surpac at glance Visualization and analysis tools for almost any kind of oriented data ~20 tools in current version Structural Suite enables you to: include 3D orientation data to geological modelling workflow, usingbedding, joints, foliation etc.structural modelling in Surpac using all available data, such as joint orientations from

core logging, mapped structure data

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All tools available from installed toolbarsTwo main toolbars:1. Structural Suite toolbar for Visualising a n d general

tools2. StereographicTools toolbar for working with

stereographic projections

Copy Tools have been integrated to Core Surpac.

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Visualising structural data – data source POINT or DISCRETE type data can be visualised from Surpac database Supports dip/dip direction and dip/strike and alpha/beta

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Visualising structural data – data constraints Data can be constrained by:collar tabledata table values

Examples:Steeply dipping structures in

diamond core holes.Mapping structures with

length > 10m

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Visualising structural data – symbol styles Simple styling let user quickly select

symbol and symbol size Scale by database attribute 3D mode for real world view of dip 2D mode suitable for plan maps

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Visualising structural data – symbol stylesAdvanced styling provides more options: Select symbol by database field value Scale symbols using constant values or

mathematical expressions Expressions can contain references to db

fields Scale and offset can be set separately for

X, Y and Z axis

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Visualising structural data – symbol colours Select symbol colour by database field

value Seven different preset colouring

schemes: Rainbow, rainbow light, hot to cold, thermal, thermal light and distinct colours

Colours can be selected using expressions

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015 Example: Logged joints coloured and scaled by RQD value

Visualising structural data

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015 E x a m p l e : Geo log ica l m a p of o p e n p i t s t ruc tu res

Visualising structural data

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015 E x a m p l e : Su r fa c e g rad ien t v isua l isa t ion

Visualising structural data

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015 Example: Foliation visualisation from block model

Visualising structural data

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General Tools – Create single symbol Create structure symbols manually Select symbol, scale and string number Enter orientation manually, or measure

from three points. Orientation can also be copied from existing symbol.

Enter location or select graphically Graphical selection also allows to select

mid between two points.

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General Tools –Locate drillhole Helps to find right drillhole in Surpac graphics Zooms, highlights and sets rotation pivot point

to selected drillhole Zoom level 0 keeps view as it is

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General Tools –Triangle info Reports dip/dip direction of selected

triangle, along with all geometrical information

Highlights reported triangle for confidence

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General Tools – Dip/Dip direction from three points

Reports dip/dip direction of plane defined by three graphically selected points

Tool leaves defined plane to graphics for examination

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General Tools – Line of intersection Reports dip and azimuth for line of

intersection of two structures Graphically select two structures Dip and azimuth reported in message window Line of intersection created to graphics as

segment Useful tool to evaluate wedge failures in open

pit mines

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P lane fitting tools – Dynamic fitting tool Dynamically fit plane to selected

points Instant feedback as fitted plane is

updated in graphics after each selected point

Extremely powerful tool for joint mapping from photogrammetry or point clouds

Use design string for easy classification of planes

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P lane fitt ing tools – Fit plane to segment/string/DTM Fit plane to selected segment, string or DTM/3DM Easily find mean orientation of ore lens solid model

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Calculate surface gradient grid Calculates gradient grid for DTM surface Preview button to show grid in graphics Export generated data as CSV or string file Can be used in the Visualizer by loading into a database discrete table.

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Move to plane Projects structure observations into selected planeMany options to define projection plane Show result as symbols, lines (apparent dip) and/or connection lines to original structure location

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Edi t tools – Expand segment in 3D Click and drag segment edge to

expand/contract segment in 3D Great for examining continuities between

drillholes or underground openings Highlight interesting features by expanding

them Pivot point for expansion fixed to segment

center point

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Edi t tools – Change dip / Change dip direction Two separate tools to graphically rotate segment dip OR segment direction Click and drag interface, similar to segment expansion First tool changes dip, keeping direction constant Second tool changes direction, keeping dip constantManually adjust segment dip to match other features in graphicsModify “mathematical” plane fit of ore body to better match geological

constraints

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Edi t tools – Move by middle point Relocate segment by its middle point Graphically select segment and point where middle point of selected segment

should be relocated Tool allows to select mid point of two selected points as destination, making it

possible for example to relocate structure symbol to middle of drillhole interval

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Stereographic tools –Create projection Digitise polygon around interesting data Stereographic projection is created for

all data inside polygon Excellent tool for finding trends in large

datasets Instantly digitise next selection and

update projection; easy to see changes along drillhole

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Stereographic tools – Create mean planes Digitise polygon around joint set in

stereographic projection Joint set mean plane is created to

3D graphics Useful tool to interpret fracture zone

orientations from large amounts of logged drillhole data

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Stereographic tools – Toggle data colours Toggle pole representation between black ticks and source

data colours In example below, foliation data was coloured by rock type.

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Stereographic tools – Hide by selection This tool can be used show only selected joint data Joint set is digitised in stereographic projection, and all data not included to that

set is hidden in 3D view

Before After

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Stereographic tools – Export to DIPS Data can be exported directly to

Rocscience DIPS, one of the most widely used stereographic projection tools

Tools to export data within digitised polygon and inside selected solid

More detailed analysis can be performed with DIPS

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015 Joint mapping from photogrammetry models OBJ or Point cloud are suitable.

Workf low – planes f rom 3D data

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Workf low - Wedge fa i lure def in i t ion Evaluation of pit design stability with wedge style failures

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Surface Geotechnical Samples – Bedding Planes3D Symbols

2D Symbols

Contains British Geological Survey materials © NERCContains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2017Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2013

Bedding Planes

Stereographic Projection

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Surface Geotechnical Samples - Faults3D Symbols

Stereographic Projection

Contains British Geological Survey materials © NERCContains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2017Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2013

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Downhole Geotechnical Samples

Bedding Planes

Stereographic Projection

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Mining Scenarios

Pit wall steeper than bedding. Definite problem in need of correction.

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Mining Scenarios Complex geology may need ongoing mapping to identify local geotechnical

domains.

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Mining Scenarios

Need for safety in manual measurement of structures.

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Mining Scenarios

Underground stopingpractices; failure to leave a sufficient crown pillar can result in collapse.

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Mining Scenarios

A reminder that while mining occurs at different scales (using different regulations) around the world, geotechnical concerns remain the same.

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Mining Scenarios

Time component of stability, life of mine is a factor.

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Mining Scenarios

Some rock types are just bad news. Highly sheared and weathered rock types need more analysis.

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Mining Scenarios Kalgoorlie superpit: although a good example of highly competent rock is still

susceptible to a range of failure types.

Picture: Tori O'Connor

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Mining Scenarios

Toppling failures occur with steeply dipping joint sets

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Mining Scenarios

Sheared rocks with smooth surfaces are high risk of failure. Mapping and core measurements will help to identify this.

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Mining Scenarios

Ramps are particularly critical to keeping the mine productive and safe.

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