Structural-safety Alastair Soane November 2011
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Transcript of Structural-safety Alastair Soane November 2011
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Structural-safety
Alastair Soane
November 2011
Structural-safety incorporating CROSS and SCOSSStructural-safety incorporating CROSS and SCOSSStructural-safety incorporating CROSS and SCOSS
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Ronan Point 1968
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Milford Haven 1970
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SCOSS
• collects data from public sources on failures
• consider whether unacceptable risk exists
• publishes Alerts
• help to influence changes to improve structural safety
CROSS
• collect confidential data on concerns
• provide comments in relation to these concerns
• maintains a data base of reports and publications
• promote a positive attitude to learning from experience
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Confidential reporting
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Sponsors
• Institution of Structural Engineers
• Institution of Civil Engineers
• Health and Safety Executive
Supporters• UK Bridges Board
• Highways Agency
• British Parking Association
• Department of Communities and Local Government
• DRD Northern Ireland
• Local Authority Building Control
• Scottish Government Building Standards Division
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normal operations
incidents
injury
fatal incidents
precursors
diagram courtesy of ASRS
Pyramid of risk
HSE or other authorities
CROSS
Precursors should be reported internally and can be reported to CROSS
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Operating system
analysis and comments
Reports
newslettersand
data base
influenceand
change
• reporting from firms encouraged
• reports are confidential
• identities are removed
• analysis and comment by expert panel
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Reporters
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Examples from building control
29 defective submissions
10 dangerous
– 9 from sole practitioners
– 13 from small practices
– 5 from medium sized practices
– 2 were from “top” practices 0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
material
steel timber masonry concrete
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Reports by sector
Fig. 1 Reports by sector
demolition2%
appointment2%
design22%operation
29%
construction45%
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Blind bolts
• Steel frame collapse
• Staircase collapse
• Winch failure on offshore rig
imported products
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British Waterways
8 tonne counterweight
hidden fixings
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Pre-stressed tanks
cable corrosion
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Acoustic Ceiling Collapses
fixings
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Public art
not enough engineering
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Proprietary roof system 2011
failure at support
more data needed
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River Crane bridge
scour
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SCOTCROSS
• fatality due to falling masonry in 2001
• legal recommendation for a survey
• started August 2005 – completed August 2007
• 1,186 reports from 25 LAs
• 12 injuries from falling debris
• abundance of statistical data
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Masonry façade degradation
form of construction, age, and weathering
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Typical concerns
Figure 2 Unsafe pediment
Figure 3 Decaying stonework
Figure 4 Dangerous slates
Figure 5 Cracked stonework
age and weathering
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Distribution of reports
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Aug-05
Sep-05
Oct-05
Nov-05
Dec-05
Jan-06
Feb-06
Mar-06
Apr-06
May-06
Jun-06
Jul-06
Aug-06
Sep-06
Oct-06
Nov-06
Dec-06
Jan-07
Feb-07
Mar-07
Apr-07
May-07
Jun-07
Jul-07
January 2007
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Snow load collapses 2010/11
depth of ice and snow
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Water ballast for temporary structures
reliance on non-structural components
Concrete ballast
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Wind turbine in Wyoming February 2011
-48 degrees C
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LPS structure demolition 2010
lack of robustness
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Exploding concrete
unexpected chemical reaction
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Degradation of 1960s MSCP
form of construction, age, salt, lack of maintenance
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Timber frames during construction
acceptable risk?
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Structural-safety International
• Engineers Australia close to joining the scheme
• Co-operation with ABC Meldpunt in Holland
• BCA in Singapore are interested
• Malaysian authorities have made enquiries
• CEBC are planning an EU wide defects reporting system and are monitoring CROSS
• concept is for an International Group of organisations who run similar programmes to share information through a common data base.
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Twente stadium roof 2011
bracing incomplete
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Cologne records office
collapse of adjacent cut
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Results from CROSS• BSI and CFA review of fixing standards
• CIRIA review on major events in construction safety
• Highways Agency have embedded CROSS procedures
• DRD Northern Ireland have followed suit
• Evidence submitted to Building Regulations for England on robustness and other matters
• Scottish Government’s review of hazards from older buildings
• BSI looking at snow loading
• BSI looking at shear concerns in concrete
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Birmingham TV screen 2006
inadequate temporary structure
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Ground supported stage structure
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Indiana Stage roof 2011
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SCOSS current top concerns
• Falsified documentation
• Quality of some imported steel components
• Temporary stage roofs
• Bolted fixings
• Robustness
• Fire and construction methods
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Benefits
• Learn from the experiences of others
• Source of practical information
• Identification of pre-cursors to failure
• Tool for influencing regulations and codes
• Potential for avoiding or reducing failures
• Economically sound
• Ethically sound
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The programme depends on receiving reports from individuals, firms, and regulatory bodies. You can participate by sending concerns in confidence to:
www.structural-safety.org