Structural Changes in Brick Industry
-
Upload
rajinder-singh -
Category
Documents
-
view
221 -
download
0
Transcript of Structural Changes in Brick Industry
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 1/13
l 1
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
Structural brick industry changes in Europeand India
A retrospective and prospective
comparisonP. Jaboyedoff, Sorane SA, Switzerland, Lausanne, e-mail: [email protected]
Consultant to the Swiss Agency for Development andCooperation (SDC) in the Energy & Environment
Programme in India
Foundry, Glass, Brick sectors
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
Structural changes in Europe
l In about 50 years timeêComplete structural transformation
l Concentration processê
From thousands to dozens of unitsl MechanisationêFrom manual to fully mechanised units
l Main trends in brick productsêFrom plain bricks to hollow products
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 2/13
l 2
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUETunnel kiln introduction
in Europe
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985
Time (Yrs)
%
s h a r e o f t u n n e l k i l n s
Germany
France
Italy
UK
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUEPerforated products exampleof Belgium
Hollow bricks
Plain bricks
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 3/13
l 3
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
Structural change and
concentration, the case ofSwitzerland
l From hundreds of factories to less than 30ê Only 12 groups, further concentration going on
l From manual to full mechanisationê Continuous diminution of number of employee
l High investmentsê No more new unit today
l Further concentrationê Less and larger groups taking control
l Need of flexibility, innovation for smaller unitsê Only chance to survive
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUEMid size factory inSwitzerland
l 36’000 tons/yr (max80’000)ê (approx. equivalent to 120 lakhs
of ISI bricks)
ê Total investment of about 20Millions US$
l Many different productsê (turnover approx. 10-20 times
more than equivalent BTK)
l Continuous development ofnew products
l 18 employeesê (approx. 250-500 workers in an
equivalent BTK)
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 4/13
l 4
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUEBatch clay winning in deep
pits, storage for 1-2 yrs
Concession sincemore than 1 centuryand granted for thenext 50 yrs
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUEFrom the clay heap to thecrusher
Only one employeefor feeding
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 5/13
l 5
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
Crushing and refining
Only remote control,no one on site
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUERaw material transport byconveyor belts
Only remote control,no one on site
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 6/13
l 6
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUEStoring and conveying
(about 2-3 weeks)
Only remote control,no one on site
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
Conveying to the extruder
Only remote control,no one on site
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 7/13
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 8/13
l 8
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUEDried bricks on carts and
tunnel kilns
Brickcart
Driedstackedqueing
Tunnel kiln
(partialview)
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUEAutomatic control of theprocess
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 9/13
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 10/13
l 10
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
Brick market in Switzerland
l Try to meetbuilding coderequirementwithout insulation
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
Brick market share
Clay
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
B e l g i u m
D e n m a r k
F r a n c e
G e r m a n y
G r e e c e
I t a l y
N e t h e r l a n d
U K
Belgium
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Italy
Netherland
UK
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 11/13
l 11
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Clamp coal
Clamp bio
BTK move
BTK fix
HDK
VSBK&Tunnel
India
Baseline scenario
BTK Movable
BTK Fixed
New technologies
Tunnel, VSBK, Zig-zag, ..
Coal (biomass)
Clamps (coal)
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Clamp coal
Clamp bio
BTK move
BTK fix
HDK
VSBK&Tunnel
Strict enforcement of environmentalregulation, but low technical support
BTK Movable
BTK Fixed
New technologies
Tunnel, VSBK, Zig-zag, ..
Clamp (biomass)
Clamps (coal)
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 12/13
l 12
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Clamp coal
Clamp bio
BTK move
BTK fix
HDK
VSBK&Tunnel
Strict enforcement of environmental
regulation, but strong technical support
BTK Movable
BTK Fixed
New technologies
Tunnel, VSBK, Zig-zag, ..
Clamp (biomass)
Clamps (coal)
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
Coal consumption
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
M i o t o n s o f c o a
l
BAU
Baseline
ScenarioIII
ScenarioIV
8/7/2019 Structural Changes in Brick Industry
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/structural-changes-in-brick-industry 13/13
l 13
Brick industry Brick industry Structural Structural
changes changes
RATIONALISATIONENERGETIQUE
Conclusions
l Structural change did take about 50 yearsto complete in Europe
l How long will it take in India ?êNobody has an answer
êGoverning factorsêEnvironmental regulations
êMarket demand for different products (hollow bricks, othermaterials)
êImprovement of labour conditions (increasing labour costand social conditions)
êIndustry has to think about it now