String manupulation program

PROJECT REPORT STRING MANIPULATION FUNCTION

SUBMITED BY:

Parth Khatwani

SUBMITTED TO:

Sandeep Sir

DHARAMSINH DESAI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY

Department of Information Technology

Faculty of Technology, Dharamsinh Desai University

College Road, Nadiad-387001

Year 2010-2011

DHARAMSINH DESAI UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Parth Khatwani(it_40) student of B.E. I.T. Semester V of DHARAMSINH DESAI UNIVERSITY, NADIAD

have successfully completed his term project in subject ADVANCED

MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE during the academic year

2010-11. During the whole term he was found sincere, hardworking and

punctual. He made String Manipulation Functions

Staff in Charge Head Of Department

Date :

Date :

INDEX

Introduction Acknowledgement Source code Program output Bios Function Bibliography

INTRODUCTION

0F

PROJECT THIS PROJECT HAS NINE FUNCTIONALITIES (1)CONVERT INTO REVRSE STRING

(2)STRING LENGTH

(3)STRING CONCATATION

(4)PALINDROME CHECK

(5)STRING COMPARISION

(6)STRING ENCRYPTION

(7)COUNT OCCURANCE OF A WORD

(8)FIND FIRST AND LAST CHARACTER OF THE STRING

(9)SWAP THE CASE OF STRING

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is really a great pleasure for us to transform an entire concept into a reality

project. This Project has indeed helped us to grasp the theory aspects from

practical perspective and know clearly the difference existing between them. It has

also increased out trouble shooting skills.

It was, though a firsthand experience in project building, it inculcated in us a great

awareness in all the stages of project building right from building the algorithms

until implementation in programming language which could never have been

accomplished in class rooms.

I would like sincerely express our gratitude to all faculty members who directly or

indirectly guided us through the project and without whom this project would

never have been turned into a reality. I would specially like to thank our term

project faculty, Sandeep Sir for meeting all out technical requirements and

providing her valuable time apart from lab hours.

Last but not the least I am also thankful to our department head of department for

keeping such a term project as a part of our academic curriculum.

SOURCE CODE

MENU MODULE:

;######## STRING OPERATIONS ########

prnstr macro msg

mov ah,09h

lea dx,msg

int 21h

endm

procedures SEGMENT PUBLIC

EXTRN SREV:far

extrn ccat:far

EXTRN len:far

EXTRN UTL:far

EXTRN unp:far

extrn coo:far

extrn fnl:far

EXTRN cCMP:FAR

extrn en1:far

procedures ends

data segment

msg1 db 0DH,0AH,'Enter choice::$'

msg2 db 0DH,0AH,'0)REV::::$'

msg3 db 0DH,0AH,'1)str_leN::$'

MSG4 DB 0DH,0AH,'2)UTL::::$'

msg5 db 0DH,0AH,'3)FNL::::$'

msg6 db 0DH,0AH,'4)concat::::$'

msg7 db 0DH,0AH,'5)COMPARE::::$'

msg8 db 0DH,0AH,'6)ENCRYPT::::$'

MSG9 DB 0DH,0AH,'7)COUNTAO::::$'

MSG10 DB 0DH,0AH,'8)PDL::::$'

msg12 db 0DH,0AH,'thnk uu$'

nwl db 10,13,'$'

flag DB 0

data ends

code segment

assume cs:code,ds:data

start:

mov ax, 3h ; CLEARING SCREEN

int 10h

mov ax,data

mov ds,ax

PRNSTR MSG2

PRNSTR MSG3

PRNSTR MSG4

PRNSTR MSG5

PRNSTR MSG6

PRNSTR MSG7

PRNSTR MSG8

PRNSTR MSG9

PRNSTR MSG10

prnstr msg1

prnstr nwl

mov ah,01h

int 21h

cmp al,30h

je REVL

cmp al,31h

je strlenL

cmp al,32h

je UTLL

cmp al,33h

je FNLL

cmp al,34h

je concatL

cmp al,35h

je STCMPL

cmp al,36h

je ENCRYPTL

cmp al,37h

je COUNTAOL

cmp al,38h

je PDL

strlenL: call len

jmp stop_program

UTLl: call UTL

jmp stop_program

STCMPL: call cCMP

JMP STOP_PROGRAM

REVL: CALL sREV

JMP STOP_PROGRAM

FNLl: CALL FNL

JMP STOP_PROGRAM

COUNTAOL: CALL COO

JMP STOP_PROGRAM

ENCRYPTL: CALL EN1

JMP STOP_PROGRAM

CONCATL: CALL CCAT

JMP STOP_PROGRAM

PDL: CALL unp

JMP STOP_PROGRAM

stop_program: mov dx,offset msg6

mov ah,09

int 21h

int 3h

code ends

end start

CONCAT MODULE:

data segment

STR1 DB 50 DUP(0)

MSG22 db,0ah,0dh," ENTER ONE STRING :$"

MSG222 db,0ah,0dh," ENTER SECOND STRING:$"

MSG2222 db,0ah,0dh," CONCATATION IS:$"

STR2 DB 50 DUP(0)

data ends

CODE SEGMENT

ASSUME CS: CODE,DS:DATA

start: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

MOV ES,AX

MOV AH,09

MOV DX,OFFSET MSG22

INT 21H

mov [STR1],50

MOV DX,offset STR1

MOV Ah,0ah

INT 21H

MOV AH,09

MOV DX,OFFSET MSG222

INT 21H

mov [STR2],50

MOV DX,offset STR2

MOV Ah,0ah

INT 21H

LEA DI,STR1

INC DI

MOV CL,[DI]

INC DI

SUB CH,CH

ADD DI,CX

LEA SI,STR2

INC SI

MOV CL,[SI]

INC SI

SUB CH,CH

CLD

REP MOVSB

LEA SI,STR2

INC SI

MOV CL,[SI]

LEA SI,STR1

INC SI

MOV CH,[SI]

ADD CL,CH

MOV [SI],CL

INC SI

SUB CH,CH

ADD SI,CX

MOV [SI],'$'

MOV AH,09

MOV DX,OFFSET MSG2222

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

MOV DX,OFFSET STR1

ADD DX,2

INT 21H

code ends

end start

REVRSE MODULE:

prnstr macro msg

mov ah, 09h

lea dx, msg

int 21h

endm

data segment

buf1 db "Enter a string : $"

buf2 db 0ah, "Reversed String : $"

buf3 db 41

db 0

db 41 dup(' ')

data ends

stack_str segment stack

db 40 dup(0)

stack_top label word

stack_str ends

code segment

assume cs:code, ds:data

start :

mov ax, data

mov ds, ax

mov ax, stack_str

mov ss, ax

mov sp, offset stack_top

prnstr buf1

mov ah, 0ah

lea dx, buf3

int 21h

mov si, offset buf3 + 2

mov cl, byte ptr [si-1]

mov ch, 00h

mov ah, 00h

again :

mov al, byte ptr [si]

push ax

inc si

loop again



mov ah, 00h

next :

pop ax

mov byte ptr [si], al

inc si

loop next

mov byte ptr [si], '$'

prnstr buf2

prnstr buf3+2

mov ax, 4c00h

int 21h

code ends

end start

COMPARE MODULE:

DATA SEGMENT

STR1 DB "ENTER FIRST STRING HERE ->$"

STR2 DB "ENTER SECOND STRING HERE ->$"

STR11 DB "FIRST STRING : ->$"

STR22 DB "SECOND STRING: ->$"

INSTR1 DB 20 DUP("$")


NEWLINE DB 10,13,"$"

N DB ?

S DB ?

MSG1 DB "BOTH STRING ARE SAME$"

MSG2 DB "BOTH STRING ARE DIFFERENT$"

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT

ASSUME DS:DATA,CS:CODE

START:

MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

LEA SI,INSTR1

LEA DI,INSTR2

;GET STRING

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR1

INT 21H

MOV AH,0AH

MOV DX,SI

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR2

INT 21H

MOV AH,0AH

MOV DX,DI

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

;PRINT THE STRING

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR11

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,INSTR1+2

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR22

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,INSTR2+2

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

;STRING COMPARISION

MOV BX,00

MOV BL,INSTR1+1

MOV BH,INSTR2+1

CMP BL,BH

JNE L1

ADD SI,2

ADD DI,2

L2:MOV BL,BYTE PTR[SI]

CMP BYTE PTR[DI],BL

JNE L1

INC SI

INC DI

CMP BYTE PTR[DI],"$"

JNE L2

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,MSG1

INT 21H

JMP L5

L1:MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,MSG2

INT 21H

L5:

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

MOV AH,4CH

INT 21H

CODE ENDS

END START

LENGTH MODULE:

DATA SEGMENT

STR1 DB "ENTER YOUR STRING HERE ->$"

STR2 DB "YOUR STRING IS ->$"

STR3 DB "LENGTH OF STRING IS(DIRECT) ->$"

STR4 DB "LENGTH OF STRING IS(COUNT) ->$"



LN DB 5 DUP("$")

N DB "$"

S DB ?

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT


START:

MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

LEA SI,INSTR1

;GET STRING

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR1

INT 21H

MOV AH,0AH

MOV DX,SI

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

;PRINT THE STRING

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR2

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,INSTR1+2

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

;PRINT LENGTH OF STRING (DIRECT)

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR3

INT 21H

MOV BL,INSTR1+1

ADD BL,30H

MOV AH,02H

MOV DL,BL

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

;PRINT LENGTH OF STRING ANOTHER WAY

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR4

INT 21H

ADD SI,1

MOV AX,00

L2:CMP BYTE PTR[SI],"$"

JE L1

INC SI

ADD AL,1

JMP L2

L1:;SUB AL,1

ADD AL,30H

MOV AH,02H

MOV DL,AL

INT 21H

MOV AH,4CH

INT 21H

CODE ENDS

END START

PALINDROME CHECK MODULE:

prnstr macro msg

mov ah, 09h

lea dx, msg

int 21h

endm

data segment

buf1 db "Enter a string : $"

buf2 db 0ah, "Reversed String : $"

buf3 db 41

db 0

db 41 dup(' ')

buf4 db 41

msg1 db "is palindrome :$"

msg2 db "not a palindromre:$"

newline db 10,13,'$'

data ends

stack_str segment stack

db 40 dup(0)

stack_top label word

stack_str ends

code segment

assume cs:code, ds:data

start :

mov ax, data

mov ds, ax

mov ax, stack_str

mov ss, ax

mov sp, offset stack_top

prnstr buf1

mov ah, 0ah

lea dx, buf3

int 21h

prnstr newline

prnstr buf1

mov ah, 0ah

lea dx, buf4

int 21h



mov ch, 00h

mov ah, 00h

again :

mov al, byte ptr [si]

push ax

inc si

loop again



mov ah, 00h

next :

pop ax

mov byte ptr [si], al

inc si

loop next

mov byte ptr [si], '$'

prnstr buf2

prnstr buf3+2

prnstr newline

LEA SI,buf3

INC SI

MOV AL,[SI]

MOV AH,00H

MOV BX,SI

ADD BX,AX

MOV CL,02

DIV CL

MOV CL,AL

MOV CH,00H

INC SI

NEXT1:

MOV DL,[BX]

CMP DL,[SI]

JNZ NOTPAL1

INC SI

DEC BX

LOOP NEXT1

MOV AH,09

LEA DX,MSG1

INT 21H

jmp o

NOTPAL1:

MOV AH,09

LEA DX,MSG2

INT 21H

o: prnstr newline

mov ax, 4c00h

int 21h

code ends

end start

ENCRYPT MODULE:

prnstr macro msg

mov ah, 09h

lea dx, msg

int 21h

endm

data segment

msg1 db "Enter a string which you want to encrypt ->$"


key db 5 dup("$")

msg2 db "you have entered ->$"

msg3 db "encrypted string is ->$"

msg4 db "decrypted string is ->$"

msg5 db "enter the encrypt foctor ->$" ;value db 'sanjay', '$'


db 9 dup (?)

encrypt db 7 dup (?)

db 9 dup (?)

decrypt db 7 dup (?)

data ends

code segment

assume ds:data,cs:code

begin:

mov ax, data

mov ds, ax

lea si,instr1

prnstr msg1

MOV AH,0AH ;for string input 0A

MOV DX,SI

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

prnstr msg2

prnstr instr1+2

prnstr msg5

mov ah,00h

mov ah,01

int 21h

sub al,30h

mov key,al

lea si, instr1+2

lea di, encrypt

counter1:

mov ah, 0000h

mov al, [si]

add al, key

mov [di], al

inc di

inc si

cmp byte ptr[si],"$"

jne counter1

mov [di], '$'

; mov ah, 09h

;lea dx, encrypt

; int 21h

prnstr newline

prnstr msg3

prnstr encrypt

lea si, encrypt

lea di, decrypt

counter2:

mov ah, 0000h

mov al, [si]

sub al,key

mov [di], al

inc di

inc si

cmp byte ptr[si],"$"

jne counter2

mov [di], '$'

prnstr newline

prnstr msg4

prnstr decrypt

; mov ah, 09h

; lea dx, decrypt

; int 21h

int 03h

code ends

end begin

SWAP THE CASE MODULE:

DATA SEGMENT

MSG DB 0DH,0AH, ' ENTER THE STRING :-----> : $'

MSG2 DB 0DH,0AH,' YOUR STRING IS :-----> : $'

STR1 DB 255 DUP(?)

ONE DB ?

TWO DB ?

DATA ENDS

public utl

procedures segment public

utl proc far

ASSUME CS:procedures,DS:DATA

BEGIN: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

LEA DX,MSG

MOV AH,09H

INT 21H

LEA SI,STR1

MOV AH,01H

READ : INT 21H

MOV BL,AL

CMP AL,0DH

JE DISPLAY

XOR AL,20H

MOV [SI],AL

INC SI

CMP BL,0DH

JMP READ

DISPLAY:

MOV AL,'$'

MOV [SI],AL

LEA DX,MSG2

MOV AH,09H

INT 21H

LEA DX,STR1

MOV AH,09H

INT 21H

MOV AH,4CH

INT 21H

int 03h

utl endp

procedures ENDS

END BEGIN

COUNT THE OCCURANCE MODULE

prnstr LE:macro msg

mov ah, 09h

lea dx, msg

int 21h

endm

DATA SEGMENT

MSG1 DB "ENTER THE STRING : $"

msg2 db "enter the char to find:$"

MSG3 DB "NO OF OCCURANCES OF entered char is : $"

NEWLINE DB 10,13,'$'

STR1 DB 150 DUP('$')

CNT DB 0

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT


START :

MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

prnstr msg1

MOV AH,0AH

LEA DX,STR1

INT 21H

prnstr newline

prnstr msg2

MOV AH,0AH

MOV DX,SI

INT 21H

; mov character,al

LEA SI,STR1+1

MOV CL,BYTE PTR[SI]

MOV CH,00H

L1 : INC SI

CMP BYTE PTR[SI],'a'

JNZ L2

INC CNT

L2 : LOOP L1

ADD CNT,'0'

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,MSG3

INT 21H

MOV AH,02H

MOV DH,00H

MOV DL,CNT

INT 21H

MOV AH,4CH

INT 21H

CODE ENDS

END START

FIRST AND LAST CHAR MODULE:

DATA SEGMENT

STR1 DB "ENTER YOUR STRING HERE ->$"

STR2 DB "YOUR STRING IS ->$"

STR3 DB "FIRST CHARACTER IS ->$"

STR4 DB "LAST CHARACTER IS ->$"



N DB "$"

S DB ?

DATA ENDS

CODE SEGMENT


START:

MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX

LEA SI,INSTR1

;GET STRING

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR1

INT 21H

MOV AH,0AH

MOV DX,SI

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

;PRINT THE STRING

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR2

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,INSTR1+2

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

;PRINT FIRST CHARACTER OF STRING

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR3

INT 21H

MOV AH,02H

MOV DL,INSTR1+2

INT 21H

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,NEWLINE

INT 21H

;PRINT LAST CHARACTER OF STRING

MOV AH,09H

LEA DX,STR4

INT 21H

ADD SI,3

L1:

DEC SI

MOV BL,BYTE PTR[SI]

; MOV AH,09H

; LEA DX,NEWLINE

; INT 21H

; MOV AH,02H

; MOV DL,BL

; INT 21H

; ADD SI,2

CMP BYTE PTR[SI],"$"

JNE L1

MOV AH,02H

MOV DL,BL

INT 21H

MOV AH,4CH

INT 21H

CODE ENDS

END START

SCREEN SHOTS

menu:

reverse:

concat:

compare:

len:

BIOS FUNCTIONS

INT 21h / AH=1 Read character from standard input, with echo, result is stored in AL. if there is no character in the keyboard buffer, the function waits until any key is

pressed.

Example:

MOV AH, 1 INT 21H

INT 21h / AH=2 Write character to standard output.

DL = character to write, after execution AL = DL.

Example:

MOV AH, 2 MOV DL, 'A'

INT 21H

INT 21h / AH=9

Output of a string at DS: DX. String must be terminated by '$'.

Example:

ORG 100H MOV DX, OFFSET MSG

MOV AH, 9

INT 21H

RET

MSG DB "HELLO WORLD $"

INT 21h / AH=0Ah

Input of a string to DS: DX, fist byte is buffer size; second byte is number of chars

actually read. This function does not add '$' in the end of string. To print using

INT 21h / AH=9 you must set dollar character at the end of it and start printing

from address DS: DX + 2.

Example:

ORG 100H

MOV DX, OFFSET BUFFER

MOV AH, 0AH

INT 21H

JMP PRINT

BUFFER DB 10 ? 10 DUP (' ')

PRINT:

XOR BX, BX

MOV BL, BUFFER[1]

MOV BUFFER[BX+2], '$'

MOV DX, OFFSET BUFFER + 2

MOV AH, 9

INT 21H

RET The function does not allow to enter more characters than the specified

buffer size.

BIBILOGRAPHY

Reference books:

1) Microprocessors and Interfacing programming and hardware

By: DOUGLAS V.HALL

2) Microprocessor and architecture of 8085

By: RAMESH S.GAONKAR

String manupulation program

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