Strategic Management in creation of Entrepreneurial Universities

1. What are entrepreneurial Universities?

2. The third mission. Innovation and development commitment focus on demand and management.

3. Importance of universities

4. The three universities theory

5. The pathway to the three universities. A certain determination

6. The usefulness of strategic planning and the organisational designs

7. The end

1.- What is an entrepreneurial university?

The theory

•The entrepreneurial university (Clark)

•The triple helix (H. Etzkowitz, )

The entrepreneurial answer.The entrepreneurial answer.

► A strong management core.A strong management core.► An improved plan/innovation area .An improved plan/innovation area .► A diversified financing base.A diversified financing base.► Right incentives to stimulate academic spirit.Right incentives to stimulate academic spirit.► An integrated entrepreneurial culture.An integrated entrepreneurial culture.

¿What is an entrepreneurial university?

Means to become an entrepreneurial organization

Clark

• whose research is based on research teams that work similarly to businesses and have access not only to the competitive public research investment funds but also to the private ones. • that has a research base with market potential. • that has developed organisational mechanisms that transfer research to the market in the way of protected industrial property (Technology transfer offices) • that can create companies within the university. • that achieves the integration of academic and business elements by means of new operative units like the mixed University – Company centres: Scientific Parc

The entrepreneurial university is the one…

Etzkowitz,

2.- The third mission and its implication in the creation of entrepreneurial universities. Contribution to the development (importance of universities), focus on

demand and management

WE ARE DEALING WITH

Coincidence in

• entrepreneurial = the contribution to the development = third mission • the importance of universities in this regional context.• the importance for the university of focusing on demand • the importance of the professional management in universities.

•The third mission (Goddard)•Triple helix (Etzkowitz)•Innovative EcosystemsTapan Munroe•Innovative sequence Josep Pique, Etzkowitz, Solé•The “Techno pole” university

“Until recently, university was considered by the Administration like a supplier of qualified labour and a generator of scientific knowledge. In this context, the university administration worked on the basis of an internal culture as well as on a collegial administration made up by the professors themselves . New challenges have arisen: Lifelong learning, attending efficiently to an increasing percentage of population, competing with other ways of acquiring knowledge, adapting to the new education technologies , etc. In addition, new opportunities have appeared in relation with the university “know how”, specially in the regional context .

John Goddard1998

Triple Helix AgentsTriple Helix Agents

UNIVERSITY INDUST

RY

SOURCE: HENRY ETZKOWITZ

GOVERNMENT

•There are different Agents within an Innovation Ecosystem. Those agents develop different roles and interrelations in order to manage resources and contribute to the development of the Ecosystem:

Etzkowitz,

Triple Helix AgentsTriple Helix Agents

UniversitUniversityy

EntrepreEntrepreneurial neurial when…when…

►Talented People and networksTalented People and networks►Science (Research Centers)Science (Research Centers)►Technology (Technological Centers and Technology (Technological Centers and licensing)licensing)►Knowledge about entrepreneurship (How Knowledge about entrepreneurship (How to)to)►Experience (We know) and VisionExperience (We know) and Vision►NetworkNetwork►SpaceSpace►Technology InfrastructureTechnology Infrastructure►Fostering entrepreneurship. The Fostering entrepreneurship. The contests.contests.

Triple Helix AgentsTriple Helix Agents

administratioadministrationn

►Role of Legal Framework.Role of Legal Framework.►Act as a demand source, providing a Act as a demand source, providing a sophisticated market for high-tech products sophisticated market for high-tech products and solutions.and solutions.►Finance the Science and Technology Finance the Science and Technology through public programs.through public programs.►Invest in Education and in Universities.Invest in Education and in Universities.

Triple Helix AgentsTriple Helix Agents

IndustryIndustry ►The Large Firm: Invest in new companies The Large Firm: Invest in new companies – – spin-off-spin-off- Corporate Venturing. Open Innovation Corporate Venturing. Open Innovation►The Small and Medium enterprises: Network The Small and Medium enterprises: Network and cluster and open innovation.and cluster and open innovation.►The new companies, living besides. The new companies, living besides.

Source: Munroe Consulting Inc. 2008

Education Experience

Attitude(cultural change)

Spin off

Agent Science technology

Innovation Ecosystem

Network Creation

Key Elements of the Innovation Ecosystem.

1

The role of universities as contributors to the local and regional development.

•As a human capital contributor

•As a research and innovation system agent supporting knowledge and the technological needs

•As a talent attractor

•As a regional beacon (MIT, Harvard…)

•As a creator of industrial tissue

GLOBALGLOBAL

NATIONALNATIONAL

REGIONALREGIONAL

LOCALLOCAL

SCIENCESCIENCE

knowledgeknowledgeTECHNOLOGTECHNOLOGYY

INDUSTRYINDUSTRY MARKETMARKET

Working system of Innovation + productivityWorking system of Innovation + productivity

INNOVATION

INT

ER

NA

TIO

NA

LIT

AT

ION

Fuente: H. Etzkowitz , Pique, J. Sole Parellada, F.

1

university

Research is global

Research is global

We are in danger... Concurrence, knowledge, innovation, global, etc

Do we need an entrepreneurial university?

We are in danger... Concurrence, knowledge, innovation, global, etc

Do we need an entrepreneurial university?

University potential and university importance in Europe

50% of young people (spending 5 years of their lives)

•Spread network all over Europe and the world

•Is the base of our research system

•30% of the R+D expenses (sometimes the 50% depending on the regiont)

3.- The importance of universities

1,5 mill students2% del GDP

More resources than ever200.000 professors

1/500 Spanish

4.- The three universities theory

Knowledge creation

Knowledge Stocking

Knowledge diffusion

Classical diffusion

EducationTraining

TransferringValorization

Development

Do we need an entrepreneurial university? What is the function of university?

Generic relationship

Valorization relationship

Complementary relationship

Social compromise

• Generic diffusion (books, conferences, articles, etc)• Training education

• Technological transfer • lifelong learning • Enterprises set up. •Tech park spaces

 

• Softening the transition to work•Cultural contribution (local gov. substitute). •Urban contribution•Mobility (students, researchers, etc)

•Development cooperation• Social compromise

Environment relationship

TECHNOPOLEUNIVERSITY

NEW ANSWERINSTITUTIONS

HIGH GROWTH ENDOGENOUS

UNITS

STRATEGIC SERVICES

TRANSVERSEUNITS MIXED

UNITS

BUT WE DISCOVER THAT IN OUR UNIVERSITY APPEARS SPONTANIOUSLY ...

The organisational designs and the enterprising professor

SOCIETYSOCIETY

STRATEGIC SERVICES

STRATEGIC SERVICES

HIGH GROWTH ENDOGENOUS

UNITS

HIGH GROWTH ENDOGENOUS

UNITS

MIXED UNITSMIXED UNITS

Technopole university .

TEACHING STAFF

ADMINISTRATION STAFF

MANAGEMENT

GOVERNMENT

SERVICES

DE

GR

EE

S

DEPARTMENTS

TRANSVERSE UNITSTRANSVERSE UNITS

NEW ANSWERINSTITUTION

NEW ANSWERINSTITUTION

Faculties and departments

The park

Innovaprogramme

Patentsoffice

TTC

Dept. X

Dept. Y

Dept. Z

Dept. A

ResearchIntitute C

Dept. B

ResearchIntitute A

CTT Innova

Doctorate Evaluation& Strat.planningCAMPUS A

CAMPUS D

CAMPUS B

CAMPUS C

TECHNOLOGICALPARK

Research Int. K

ResearchInt. F

ReserachCenter J

Research Center R

Impossible without a suitable

organization

Impossible without a suitable

organization

5.- The pathway . A certain determinist

25 – 30 years

Org. research

Ressources

publications

Professors

researchers

Transfer

spin - off

Critical mass of

Research teams

The pathway to research and valorisation

Park

studentsImpossible without time and money

Impossible without time and money

Articles published by Spanish researchers and % over worldwide total

Source: INE

Number of documents

0,7 0,8 0,9 0,9 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,5 1,61,7

1,92,0 2,0

2,12,2

2,42,5 2,6 2,5

2,72,8

2,82,9

2,9

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.000

40.000

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

Number of documents

GLOBALGLOBAL

NATIONALNATIONAL

REGIONALREGIONAL

LOCALLOCAL

SCIENCESCIENCE TECHNOLOGTECHNOLOGYY

INDUSTRYINDUSTRY MARKETMARKET

The Spanish University is apparently at this The Spanish University is apparently at this stagestage

INNOVATION

INT

ER

NA

CIO

NA

LIZ

AT

ION

GLOBALGLOBAL

NATIONALNATIONAL

REGIONALREGIONAL

LOCALLOCAL

SCIENCESCIENCE TECHNOLOGTECHNOLOGYY

INDUSTRYINDUSTRY MARKETMARKET

The companies and the universities are The companies and the universities are progressively achieving their goalsprogressively achieving their goals

INNOVATION

INT

ER

NA

CIO

NA

LIT

ZA

TIO

N

6.- the innovation commitment

The Universitat Politècnica of Catalonia (Barcelona)

30.000 Students

3.000 Professors

4.000 PhD students

5.000 Students working in the laboratories working in their “pre graduate project)

5.000 Students working in the laboratories as a scholarship holders

Innova Program was created in 1998 in order to:

1. Promote innovation culture and entrepreneurial spirit in the whole University community,

2. Create market value from research results coming out from UPC by licensing technologies and supporting business creation (start-up / spin-off) .

WHAT IS PROGRAMA INNOVA ? (II)WHAT IS PROGRAMA INNOVA ? (II)

Likewise,

The Programa Innova is a unit that works transversely at the university, aligned to the objectives proposed by its government organs, with the aim of helping to put in value the work that is carried out in the centers, departments and institutes.

The Programa Innova is addressed to the 100% of the university community:

• students• professors/researchers• administration & support personnel• graduates

Personas

Oportunidad

Negocio

Ideas

Soporte Soft

Soporte Hard

Empresa Consolidada

+Soporte Soft

+Soporte Hard

La oportunidad

El entorno regionalEl regulador

Las grandes empresas

La calidad de la organización de la universidad

De la investigación - docenciaCambio cultural

El entorno regionalEl regulador

Las grandes empresas

Entrepreneurship training

Three items to take on account:

•Attitude (risk acceptation and committeemen)

•Profession (to be a entrepreneur is also a profession)

•Opportunity discovery (there is not an enterprise or an innovation without having discovered an opportunity)

The formation of entrepreneurship and innovation culture deals whit How (to foster attitudes), models (entrepreneurial university versus bureaucratic), what (entrepreneur and innovation as a job) and the quality of the research (to show opportunities)

RESEARCH VALORISATION PROCESSRESEARCH VALORISATION PROCESS

Reception

Valuation

Training

Maturing

(technologies, ideas, projects)

Com

ercialization

Market

Orientation

Opportunities D

etection

Grow

ith

Sensitization

PROMOCIOnCREACIÓnPARQUES

University Opportunities

Big enterprisesIntramurals

R+D strategy

Administration

ResourcesLevel of understanding

The mini systems: the second system?

The first system

Local marketweak

SOME STATISTICS

INCOMING PROJECTS

TECH. BASED COMPANIES CREATED

COMPANIES per SECTOR

SOME RESULTS (since 1999)SOME RESULTS (since 1999)

Analyzed Projects: 750 (average: 75 projects/year)

Companies created: 2303000 jobs created200 PhD ocupied

• Companies with technology base: Strong investments in R&D

• Strength in the products knowledge and development • Weakness in entrepreneurial strategy

• Immaterial assets (efforts in R&D, Patents...) are more important than the material assets

Research groupLocal productive

system

GLOBAL

Art

icle

s

Tech transferS

pin-

off

SPIN OFF’sSPIN OFF’s

Usually, the products of a university spin-off, offspring of the research group, have global costumers, long maturation periods, increasing financial needs, a lot of coaching, and the eventually help of the formers researches colleagues.

There is a problem

Solution: to create a system

pymeUniversitypark

Sectorminicluster

Sectorminicluster

Sectorminicluster

Sectorminicluster

Sectorminicluster

1999

2008

2004

Our experience…

New pedagogical systems

InternationalBoloniaMaster

University Researchlaboratory

PhD internationalprogram

enterprisesR+D laboratories

Public researchorganizations

(spin-off)

Eco miniCluster

(endogen)

The mini cluster

Industrial system creation

Faculties

microclustermicrocluster

microcluster microcluster

microcluster

The park

Territorial poles

miniclusters

2.000 m2 nanoenginyeria

Specialized research buildings

(cluster)

Specialized research buildings

(cluster)

Localization sequence, and policy strategy

Science and tech and production

Edifici de 2.750 m2

•Aeroespacial•Civil i medio ambient•Energia•Manufactura•Enginyeria marina i naval•Modelado social i econòmic•Enginyeria biomèdica•Enginyeria agroalimentaria

Torre C: 13.000 m2 •Enginyeria química•Enginyeria de materials

Torre D1: 5.570 m2 •Generació, distribució i gestió de l’energia•Màquines i motors tèrmics•Física i Enginyeria Nuclear

Torre I: 5.550 m2

•Electrònica•Automàtica•Informàtica industrial•Sistemes industrials

Edifici de 8.000 m2

•Tecnologies marines•Electrònica i instrumentació•TIC•Medi ambient•Construcció

3.000 m2 (TIC)

research projects on enterprises demand.

Contracts and first step spin-off

K 2 M Buildings (knowledge to market)

Time limited

research projects on enterprises demand.

Contracts and first step spin-off

K 2 M Buildings (knowledge to market)

Time limited

Edifici de 5.500 m2

•Biologia de sistemes•Tecnologia amb làsers•Electrònica industrial•Aeronàutica •Energies renovables

Spin-off buildings (permanent rental)

NEXUS

Spin-off buildings (permanent rental)

NEXUS

Specific buildings for research groups ,growing spin-off or research focused enterprises

Specific buildings for research groups ,growing spin-off or research focused enterprises

ICFO Institut de Ciències Fotòniques

REDIT

UPC Parks in Catalonia

Barcelona

vilanova

Terrassa

Manresa

Castelldefels

MOLTES GRACIES

MUCHAS GRACIAS

THANKS