Storyboarding 101
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Transcript of Storyboarding 101
WHAT IS A STORYBOARD?
A storyboard is the step-by-step representation of the visual stories of
planned videos and films (live action or animated), most often using still
pictures and type to represent moving pictures and sound.
Concept: distills the project down to the minimum number of views
necessary to tell the story.
Production or shooting: provides more detailed information for a
production crew.
GETTING STARTED
Research and brainstorm for a concept.
Account for format and aspect ratio.
Experiment with visual composition using thumbnail sketches.
The elements of design: space, line, shape, size, pattern, texture, and
value.
The principles of design: focal point, contrast, balance, movement,
rhythm, perspective, and unity.
You don’t have to be an artist to create a storyboard.
You can sketch out your ideas with rough drawings and stick figures.
You can use, mix and match stock images, whether photography or
line art.
POINT OF VIEW
Whose eye is supposed to be doing the looking?
While the viewing audience is always the implied eye, you can
nudge the audience to identify with different points of view in the
story:
Omniscient third-person observing the story.
Participating in the story by seeing with the same eye as
the protagonist or the villain.
As a third person within the scene, etc.
POINT OF VIEW
Tweet an image from a particular point of view and explain its effect.
Omniscient third-person observing the story.
Participating in the story by seeing with the same eye as
the protagonist or the villain.
As a third person within the scene, etc.
@Danijsanderson
CAMERA ANGLE
A canted or tilted camera creates a sense of unease by tilting the
horizon line and upsetting the viewer’s visual equilibrium.
Framing the shot from above, as if looking down on the focal
point, can make the focal point seem small, insignificant, and
powerless.
CAMERA ANGLE
Shooting the focal point from below can have the opposite effect,
communicating larger size and power.
You don’t always have to shoot from the front. You may decide to
shoot from behind, from the side, or at a 45° angle. Mix it up, but
make sure it suits your subject matter and tone.
MOVEMENT
Panning: a stationary camera that sweeps across the scene.
In a truck: usually accomplished with a camera on a dolly trucking
sideways across the scene.
Handheld: the cameraperson holds the camera as he or she walks
or runs through the scene.
Steadicam: a kind of harness the cameraperson wears to hold the
camera steady during a handheld scene.
MOVEMENT
Tracking shot: a stationary camera tracks along with a moving
focal point.
Push shots: pushes into the scene. In a zoom, a stationary camera
pushes into the scene by using the lens to zoom in on the focal point.
In a dolly shot, the camera itself, positioned on a dolly, moves or
pushes toward the focal point.
CONTINUITYaka: My biggest pet-peeve.
Each shot must build on the previous one and prepare for the next
for narrative continuity.
Beginnings should capture attention immediately and establish the
relevant Ws (who, what, where, when, and why).
Middles do exposition and drama: convey information and evoke
emotions.
Endings put closure on the tale or ask for the sale.
TRANSITIONS
Cutaway: “cuts away” from the main action by inserting something
else going on simultaneously in the scene.
Cut-in or insert: “cuts in” or “inserts” a close-up shot of
something significant to the meaning of the scene.
TRANSITIONS
Wipe
Dissolve
Fade
EVERYTHING IN MODERATION
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=4nJS-LPcFfw#t=155
LIGHTING
Key light: the main light source in the shot.
Fill light: supplements the key light by filling in unwanted shadows
for less contrast.
Backlight: light source used to highlight the focal point from
behind to give it contrast and dimension.
LIGHTING
Soft light: evens out shadows to decrease harsh contrasts.
Hard light: emphasizes shadows, thus contrast, including shadows.
Light shining directly from above or below can form sinister shadows,
especially on people’s faces.
Backlighting can make a focal point appear angelic, powerful or
significant.
Side lighting casts long shadows and increases the sense of three-
dimensional space.
TYPE
Super: any type or graphic superimposed over a picture.
Crawl: moving type running—or crawling—across the screen.
These are most common on newscasts. Or at the beginning of every
Star Wars movie.
When using a super type, design for typographic readability and
legibility.
AUDIO
If your storyboard includes audio, you have to represent it visually
on the storyboard by using textual direction.
Using a script setup, type your audio direction to correspond with
visuals.
Specify direction for things such as music, sound effects (SFX),
visual effects (FX), or an off-screen voice, narrator, or announcer
(ANNCR), which is called a voiceover (VO).
@Danijsanderson
Complete this brief storyboard: visual and audio directions (including SFX,
music, and/or VO).
AFTER THE STORYBOARD
Spec cuts, videomatics, animatics, or ripomatics: using software to
roughly cut together stock, archived, or homemade footage, stills,
animated illustrations, or cartoons to see how the storyboard might
look in live action.
Spec cuts are used to persuade the financial backer to sink money
into your project.
AFTER THE STORYBOARD
Spec cuts, videomatics, animatics, or ripomatics: using software to
roughly cut together stock, archived, or homemade footage, stills,
animated illustrations, or cartoons to see how the storyboard might
look in live action.
Spec cuts are used to persuade the financial backer to sink money
into your project.