Storms

Section 17.2

Storms

• A violent disturbance in the atmosphere• Involve sudden changes in air pressure,

which causes rapid air movements• Include

- Thunderstorms- Tornadoes- Hurricanes- Winter storms

Thunderstorms

• A small storm often accompanied by heavy precipitation and frequent thunder and lightning

• Form in large cumulonimbus clouds (thunderheads)

• Can have hail• Can have strong updrafts and downdrafts

Thunderstorms

• Lightning

- positive and negative charges build up in

storm clouds

- an electrical discharge occurs when the charges jump from:

one part of a cloud to another cloud to cloud

cloud to ground

ThunderstormsThunder

• Lightning rapidly heats air

• The rapidly heated air expands suddenly and explosively causing a thunder sound

Thunderstorm

Damage• Flooding/ flash floods• Fires• Unconsciousness, burns, death

Safety• Stay indoors• Avoid electrical conductors• Stay low outdoors• Get out of water

Tornadoes

• A rapidly whirling funnel shaped cloud that reaches Earth’s surface

• Occurs where warm humid air rises rapidly and begins to rotate as it meets other winds

Tornadoes

Damage• From strong wind and flying debris• Ranked on a Fujita scale from 0-5

F0 – light F5 – extreme damageSafety• Move to a shelter, basement, or middle of

ground floor• Stay away from windows Safety video• Lie in a ditch outdoors video

Hurricanes

• Tropical cyclones (low pressure system) with winds over 119 km/hr (74 mph)

• Draw their energy from warm, humid air over water

Hurricanes

Damage

• High waves and flooding

• Wind damage

• Storm surge – dome of ocean water due to low pressure

Safety

• Evacuate

Hurricane Names2011ArleneBretCindyDonEmilyFranklinGertHarveyIreneJoseKatiaLeeMariaNateOpheliaPhilippeRinaSeanTammyVinceWhitney

2012AlbertoBerylChrisDebbyErnestoFlorenceGordonHeleneIsaacJoyceKirkLeslieMichaelNadineOscarPattyRafaelSandyTonyValerieWilliam

2013AndreaBarryChantalDorianErinFernandGabrielleHumbertoIngridJerryKarenLorenzoMelissaNestorOlgaPabloRebekahSebastienTanyaVanWendy

2014ArthurBerthaCristobalDollyEdouardFayGonzaloHannaIsaiasJosephineKyleLauraMarcoNanaOmarPauletteReneSallyTeddyVickyWilfred

2015AnaBillClaudetteDannyErikaFredGraceHenriIdaJoaquinKateLarryMindyNicholasOdettePeterRoseSamTeresaVictorWanda

2010AlexBonnieColinDanielleEarlFionaGastonHermineIgorJuliaKarlLisaMatthewNicoleOttoPaulaRichardSharyTomasVirginieWalter

Hurricane Names2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Arthur Ana Alex Arlene Alberto AndreaBertha Bill Bonnie Bret Beryl BarryCristobal Claudette Colin Cindy Chris ChantalDolly Danny Danielle Don Debbie DorianEdouard Erika Earl Emily Ernesto ErinFay Fred Fiona Franklin Florence FernandGonzalo Grace Gaston Gert Gordon GabrielleHanna Henri Hermine Harvey Helene HumbertoIsaias Ida Ian Irma Isaac ImeldaJosephine Joaquin Julia Jose Joyce JerryKyle Kate Karl Katia Kirk KarenLaura Larry Lisa Lee Leslie LorenzoMarco Mindy Matthew Maria Michael MelissaNana Nicholas Nicole Nate Nadine NestorOmar Odette Otto Ophelia Oscar OlgaPaulette Peter Paula Philippe Patty PabloRene Rose Richard Rina Rafael RebekahSally Sam Shary Sean Sara SebastienTeddy Teresa Tobias Tammy Tony TanyaVicky Victor Virginie Vince Valerie VanWilfred Wanda Walter Whitney William Wendy

Winter Storms

• Heavy snow and extreme cold

Lake-Effect snow – wind picks up moisture from the warmer Great Lakes. Moisture then precipitates as it is carried over the colder land

Winter Storms

Damage• Blocked roads• Crop damage• Bursts water pipesSafety• Find shelter from wind• Cover exposed body parts• Run car engine if exhaust is clear