Storage TechnologiesStorage TechnologiesStorage Networks and Storage DevicesStorage Networks and Storage Devices

Borislav Borislav VaradinovVaradinov

Telerik Software Academy

Telerik Software Academy

academy.telerik.com

academy.telerik.com

System AdministratorSystem AdministratorMarian Marian

MarinovMarinovCEO of 1H Ltd.CEO of 1H Ltd.mm@1h.commm@1h.combobi@itp.bgbobi@itp.bg

Table of ContentsTable of Contents What Is Direct Attached Storage?What Is Direct Attached Storage? What Is a Storage Area Network?What Is a Storage Area Network? What is Fibre Channel?What is Fibre Channel? Other Storage NetworksOther Storage Networks What Is Network Attached What Is Network Attached

Storage?Storage? What Is the Difference Between a What Is the Difference Between a

SAN and a NAS?SAN and a NAS?

2

What Is Direct Attached What Is Direct Attached Storage?Storage?

ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment)ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment) SATA (Serial Advanced Technology SATA (Serial Advanced Technology

Attachment)Attachment) eSATAeSATA SCSI (Small computer system interface)SCSI (Small computer system interface) SAS (Serial Attached SCSI)SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) USBUSB FireWareFireWare 3

Direct-attached storage is the most basic level of storage, in which storage devices are part of the host computer

or directly connected to it.

Direct-attached storage is the most basic level of storage, in which storage devices are part of the host computer

or directly connected to it.

DASDAS

4

LAN

DAS DAS Advantages and Advantages and DisadvantagesDisadvantages

Isolated to a small number of servers (2-4)Isolated to a small number of servers (2-4)

Small capacity (8 – 12 Disks)Small capacity (8 – 12 Disks)

Slower Slower

Easy to configureEasy to configure

InexpensiveInexpensive

Advantages

Disadvantages

What Is a Storage Area What Is a Storage Area Network?Network?

Provides block-based storage and leaves file system Provides block-based storage and leaves file system concerns on the "client" sideconcerns on the "client" side

Primarily used to access disk arrays and tape librariesPrimarily used to access disk arrays and tape libraries

The devices appear like locally attached devices to The devices appear like locally attached devices to the operating systemthe operating system

Offers storage high availability and flexibilityOffers storage high availability and flexibility

Most SAN networks rely on the SCSI protocol for Most SAN networks rely on the SCSI protocol for communication between servers and disk drive communication between servers and disk drive devicesdevices

6

A Storage Area Network (SAN) is a dedicated storage network that

provides central access to block level data storage devices.

A Storage Area Network (SAN) is a dedicated storage network that

provides central access to block level data storage devices.

What is Fibre Channel?What is Fibre Channel?

Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP) transmits SCSI Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP) transmits SCSI commands over the FC networkcommands over the FC network

FC is the most used SAN communication standardFC is the most used SAN communication standard

FC was originally designed to support only fiber FC was originally designed to support only fiber optic cabling optic cabling

Twisted-pair copper support is added laterTwisted-pair copper support is added later

FC architecture includes a significant amount of FC architecture includes a significant amount of hardware processing to deliver high performancehardware processing to deliver high performance

7

Fibre Channel (FC) is a multi-layered network that define characteristics and

functions for moving data across the network.

Fibre Channel (FC) is a multi-layered network that define characteristics and

functions for moving data across the network.

Fiber Channel Fiber Channel ComponentsComponents

8

SANSAN

9

Storage Area Network

Clients

Servers

StorageDevices

TCP/IP Network

File Systems – NTFS/Ext3/FAT/XFS File Systems – NTFS/Ext3/FAT/XFS

SAN SAN Advantages and Advantages and DisadvantagesDisadvantages

More/Very expensiveMore/Very expensive

Complicated SolutionComplicated Solution

Requires specialized skills and trained Requires specialized skills and trained expertsexperts

Centralized storage for many serversCentralized storage for many servers

Fastest access times Fastest access times

Easily expandable and flexibleEasily expandable and flexible

High level of redundancy and high High level of redundancy and high availabilityavailability

Advantages

Disadvantages

Other Storage Other Storage NetworksNetworks

iSCSIiSCSI

Transmits SCSI commands over standard Transmits SCSI commands over standard Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) networksInternet Protocol (TCP/IP) networks

FCoE (Fibre Channel over Ethernet)FCoE (Fibre Channel over Ethernet)

Encapsulation of Fibre Channel over Encapsulation of Fibre Channel over EthernetEthernet

AOE (ATA over Ethernet)AOE (ATA over Ethernet)

Encapsulation of ATA protocol over Encapsulation of ATA protocol over EthernetEthernet

HyperSCSIHyperSCSI

Encapsulation of SCSI over EthernetEncapsulation of SCSI over Ethernet11

What Is Network Attached What Is Network Attached Storage?Storage?

Offers centralized storage at an affordable Offers centralized storage at an affordable price price

Often manufactured as a computer applianceOften manufactured as a computer appliance

Uses file-level access protocols (NFS,SMB)Uses file-level access protocols (NFS,SMB)

Can be created easily with standard Linux or Can be created easily with standard Linux or Windows serverWindows server

Some NAS appliances offer SAN Some NAS appliances offer SAN communication through FCP or iSCSI communication through FCP or iSCSI

12

NAS is a central network storage accessed through a standard computer

network (TCP/IP) and high-level protocol

NAS is a central network storage accessed through a standard computer

network (TCP/IP) and high-level protocol

NAS NAS Advantages and Advantages and DisadvantagesDisadvantages

Slower access timesSlower access times

Not a real enterprise solution for high I/O Not a real enterprise solution for high I/O applicationsapplications

Easy to configureEasy to configure

Relatively inexpensiveRelatively inexpensive

Used in many business scenariosUsed in many business scenarios

Centralized storage for many servers and Centralized storage for many servers and workstationsworkstations

Advantages

Disadvantages

What Is the Difference What Is the Difference Between NAS and SAN?Between NAS and SAN?

14

Storage Area Network

Clients

Servers

StorageDevices

Block Level

Access

TCP/IP Network

Clients and Servers

NASDevices

File Level

Access

NFS or SMB ClientNFS or SMB Client

NFS or SMB ServerNFS or SMB Server

TCP/IP Network

File Systems – NTFS/Ext3/FAT/XFS

File Systems – NTFS/Ext3/FAT/XFS

File Systems – NTFS/Ext3

File Systems – NTFS/Ext3

Storage Networks and Storage Storage Networks and Storage

DevicesDevices

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