Stilla Grand View:the Ship Hotel and theLincoln Highway

Brian A.Butko

1920s-era pioneers at Grand ViewPoint Hotel, near Bedford, Pa.

V

IMAGINE driving toward the East Coast in the1930s from Pittsburgh. You'd go withyourparents in their big black sedan, maybe a Ford.

You'd head down Route 30, the Lincoln Highway,past Greensburg, Ligonier, and then into the Alle-gheny Mountains. And just as the ride was begin-ning to get tiresome, your car topped a hill,round-ed a curve, and there it was, a steamship. A steam-ship! Itwas too good to pass by..."Let's stop!"

For almost 60 years people have stopped at theship hotel at Grandview Point to "See 3 States and7 Counties," as the sign on the ship's hull pro-claims to allpassing motorists. Though a fairamount of visitors stop today, itwas perhaps themost popular attraction on the highway from the1920s through the 1950s, before the interstatehighway system dominated travel considerations. Itwas a time when people did not race to theirdestination, when the success of a trip was meas-ured by the enjoyment of the journey, not just thenumber ofmiles accomplished per hour. Roadsideentrepreneurs, competing for the business of thesenew adventurers, tried to make their places as eye-catching and irresistible as possible. Unique as itwas, the ship hotel was a typical roadside attractionof the era, so its story is entwined with the road itwas on, the Lincoln Highway.

U.S. Route 30 inPennsylvania is actually justthe most recent name for a road whose historystretches back hundreds ofyears. Itis a combina-tionof what were originally various Indian andtrader paths crossing southern Pennsylvania. Pathsfrom Bedford to Pittsburgh were used whenGeneral John Forbes removed trees and stumps tocarve the Forbes Road across the mountains ofPennsylvania in 1758. The eastern paths wereimproved even earlier for traders and farmersfanning out from Philadelphia. After some coursechanges, the southerly connection ofroutes becameknown as the Pennsylvania Road, later consisting ofmany privately run turnpikes. This succession ofstone surfaced toll roads carried wagons andstagecoaches to the quickly developing west for thenext 100 years. Only the rise of canals and railroadsin the 1840s diminished the traffic.

After the turn of the century, automobilesshared the road with wagons and stagecoaches, andthe companies that owned some of the turnpikeson the Pennsylvania Road made minor improve-ments. The Pennsylvania Road, however, was the

Brian A. Butkois completing amaster's degree inArchival,Museum and Editing Studies at Duquesne University inPittsburgh. Also,he drives old cars

— currently it's a 1960Buick

—on two-lane highways and isactive in the Route 66

Association, the Society for Commercial Archaelogy andother groups devoted to roadside Americana.

*\u25a0

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exception in America, for most roads were notimproved and, more importantly, most did notconnect places but simply radiated from towns. Thefew trails that were improved were at best gradedand graveled, making travel over them difficult,andtravel inwet weather impossible. Even the Pennsyl-vania Road saw only 50 cars pass one ofits tollgatesin1905, though at the time this was considered tobe a large number. Many civic groups and automo-bile organizations pushed for better roads, butorganized action was slow in coming.

Itwas in this environment that Carl Fisher firstconceived of a road to cross the United States.Fisher, who later developed Miami Beach, wasalready well known in the auto industry for pio-neering the Indianapolis Speedway and for found-ing the Prest-O-Lite lighting system for cars. Heknew auto manufacturers looked to road improve-ments for stimulating sales and that, as an avidmotorist himself, car owners wanted improvedroads and signs. The enthusiastic Fisher was able toget pledges offinancial and manual support frommost of the top auto men and local support fromtowns hopeful tobe on the route, leading to theformation in 1913 of the Lincoln Highway Associa-tion. Its official purpose was to establish a continu-ously paved, toll-free road from New York toSanFrancisco as a memorial to Abraham Lincoln. Buteven more, the association's officers hoped toeducate the public on the value of the highwaysand their improvement. This they did, for as peoplesaw the improved sections of the Lincoln Highway,

they bought more cars, and as traffic increased sodid the demand for improvements.

The Lincoln Highway was not a new road butrather a system of continuing improvements toexisting roads. The highway was marked its entirelength by red, white, and blue bands at a timewhen road signs were virtually nonexistent. Recall-ing her 1914 cross-country trip,Effie Gladdingwrote that she found the markers "sometimespainted on telephone poles, sometimes put up byway ofadvertisement over garage doors or swingingonhotel signboards; sometimes painted on littlestakes, like croquet goals, scattered along over thegreat spaces of the desert. We learned to love thered, white, and blue, and the familiar big Lwhichtold us that we were on the right road."

Trouble arose when bands designating othertrails were painted on the same poles. Sometimes ahalf-dozen routes or more were on the same trail,and motorists struggled to find their route'smarking. The Lincoln Highway began usingporcelainized metal signs, as did other highways,but the haphazard marking of trails and the swel-ling list ofnamed highways were big obstacles for

early travellers. Notuntil 1925, after the

Early 20th government hadJ begun to finance road

century improvements, did afederal numberingsystem erase all named

highways. Pennsylvania delayed for three years,calling the road both the Lincoln Highway andPennsylvania Route 1 until 1928. It then becameU.S. Route 30 in Pennsylvania and much of thenation, but people still called it the Lincoln High-way.

The Lincoln Highway through the state gener-ally followed the course of the Pennsylvania Roadbut dipped down from Lancaster to travel a shorterroute through York, Gettysburg and Bedfordbefore continuing through Ligonier to Pittsburgh.The last toll section on the road in Pennsylvaniawas eliminated in 1918, but what drew manypeople to the Lincoln Highway was the sense ofadventure. As the automobile became available to awider range ofpeople, here was a road that offereda chance to cross the country like the early pioneersand to still return home within a week or two. TheLincoln Highway was not much different from thepioneer roads, for itoften was little more than twowagon tracks across a field or over a mountain.Within 10 years improvements would make theroad much tamer, but the Lincoln Highway wasalready as ingrained in American mythology as theearly wagon roads.

The first boom in fillingstations, hotels and

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Stilla Grand View

restaurants—

businesses suited to the new adven-turers

—had occurred about 1915. One of the at-

tractions on the Lincoln Highway in Pennsylvaniawas Grand View Point Lookout, which the east-bound traveller came upon shortly after crossingBald Knob Summit and entering Bedford County.This hill,which had been a problem for wagontraffic, now drew motorists who began stopping toenjoy the breathtaking view. The mountainsidecurve was at first no wider than the rest of thehighway. Early motoring guides warned drivers topark their cars far back and walk to the edge, whichhad a short stone wall. A rock wall remains, and ona clear day one can see over 60 miles, encompassingBedford, Blair,Fulton, Franklin, and Somersetcounties in Pennsylvania; Alleghany County inMaryland; and Preston County inWest Virginia.Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, is to the left andLovers Leap in Cumberland, Maryland, is on theright.

It was also in the mid-teens that HerbertPaulson left Holland to come to America. Paulson,now deceased, was the builder and owner of theship hotel, and his son, Walter Paulson ofJohnstown, and the builder's only grandchild, ClaraGardner of Bedford, recall basic facts about thehotel's early years. Herbert Paulson first settled inAlliance, Ohio, but soon moved to Pittsburgh to

work in a steel millas a tool and die maker. Hethen opened a German social club and a theater onPittsburgh's South Side before moving to New Bal-timore, Somerset County. He opened hotels thereand in Cleveland, then in1927 bought a hot dogstand already operating at Grand View Point. Thestand did good business with travellers and highwaycrews working on the road. Paulson rode the entirelength of the road one summer withhis wife andtwo daughters.

The state improved much of the highway in the1920s, including a widening of the road at GrandView Point. In1927 a new stone wall was builtwith two castle -like turrets on the ends and four at

an opening in the middle. Paulson moved his standto the opening in the wall, so people could sit while

eating. He soon decidedto make his buildingpermanent, and at the wallopening he put up a1920ssquare building with castleturrets on the roof that re-

sembled the stone turrets. The building had fourstories, three below road level. When finished, hecalled his place the Grand ViewPoint Hotel.Rooms started at $1and the 24-hour restaurant

featured a chicken waffle dinner, a local Germanspecialty. Even the brand of ice cream at the restau-

rant—

Castles— complimented the outdoor em-

bellishments. Rooms were on the lower floors whilethe restaurant and gift shop were on the top floorat road level, with windows all around. Alookoutdeck on one corner with various telescopes wassoon added. The restrooms were down the hillon a

long walk that passed fountains and goldfish ponds.A gas station across the road, the Grand View

Point Service Station, completed the castle motifwith a turret on its roof. Ithad three pumps andfree water for motorists, although the water soonbecame 5<t a bucket: water was hard to get on themountain, but that's exactly what many of theprimitive cars needed after climbing the mountains.And ifyour car did make it to the gas station, therewas still the danger itwould be smashed by an oc-casional rockslide.

With the Lincoln Highway stillbeing the onlypaved road running coast to coast, business wasexcellent and it was soon time to expand. Paulsonwished to make his building more attractive and

Pittsburgh History, Fall 1989

settled on two ideas, both inspired by the magnifi- widened at the curve. The I-beams were connectedcent view. One idea was to build a full castle, since to the building to anchor it to the mountain, butthe mountains peeking through the early morning the ship still slipped three times during construe

-fog looked like a view from a European castle. His tion. "The state was afraid itwould slide," recallsother idea was to build a ship, since the fog and Walter Paulson, "but my father told them, 'It's mymountains reminded him of the gently rolling property: either you let me build itor you buy thewaves of the sea. He settled on this idea partly be- property.'" Eighteen steel piers were then sunkcause the tapered ends of a ship would not block as over 30 feet into the rock beneath the building to

much of the view from the road. His love of the sea keep the ship from tumbling down. Metal fromwas the other reason. He would eventually cross junked autos was processed and used to cover thethe Atlantic 30 times, returning to Holland every ship's exterior.

i

When the grand opening came on MemorialDay 1932 the S.S. Grand View Point Hotel reallylooked like a steamship. A bow and stern wereadded to the two ends of the original building, anda fifthfloor had staterooms and outside decks. On

two years. (His love of the sea already had earnedhim the nickname "Captain.")

Construction of the ship began in 1930 andtook two years to complete. Three steel I-beamshad been buried under the roadbed when it was

I

Shatmee Dam—Near Grand View Point Hotel miles west 01 3. C3. orana vlew roint Mile.

Hotel) crosses over the great Westinghouse Bridge, a MkZa^'S.f^.^ 270 2.The Lincoln Highway (U. S. 30), along which the marvel of engineering science. A few miles west A.Unu., Geo^i," .'... .Z 7U J3Shau-nee Dam—Near Grand View Point Hotel (sixty-five miles west of S. S. Grand View Point Miles

S. S. Grand View Point Hotel is located, is perhaps Ues the great industrial city of Pittsburgh, steel center Maryla"d

the best known route crossing the American conti- o£ tne world. chambe'r.burg, Pa.nent. Its wide safe construction, easy grades and Chicago, in

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banked curves make ita road of never ending delight. Y°u willeni°V the safe wide ribbons of concrete S^Jol^0"

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West and those who travel it once return time and inspection of the Ship in the Allegheny Mountains! Gellylburs,Pa. 1425 W*100 «v

The Lions Meet Here 1st and 3rd Mondays, 7:30 O'clock

Stilla Grand View

the top were two smokestacks and at the prowwasa big black anchor. An estimated 500,000 visitorsstopped on the dedication day. The Bedford HighSchool Band and a small local German band played,but the big highlight, recalls Paulson, was the bou-quet dropped from an airplane onto the ship'sdeck.!

Motorists immediately found the new designalluring. With cars more dependable by the early1930s, people were no longer stopping just towater their overheated radiators. This gave themmore time toenjoy the view, have a soda, and lookover the mighty ship out of water.

When entering the ship one stillpassed betweenthe four stone turrets, but they were cut down towall level and supported the entrance pillars. The

The S. S. Grand View Point Hotel is open throughoutthe year and offers complete food and beverage serviceat all hours of the day until midnight. Clean, comfort'able surroundings, modern rooms

—reliable touring

information—Courteous, accommodating help.

two turrets at the ends of the wall were coveredwith wood to make two small lighthouses. Once in-side, many surprises awaited the visitor. To theright, in the bow, was the gift shop, which includedan array of souvenirs from around the world. Spe-cialties included American Indian jewelry and moc-

casins, which had firstcaught Paulson's eyein the West on hiscross-country trip. Tothe visitor's left wasthe main dining roomand a marble soda

1930s1940s

fountain with tallmirrors behind it.Nautical touches filled the room:anchors were carved into the backs ofchairs and lifepreservers were hung on the walls. On the far wall,on either side of a grandfather clock and a portraitof George Washington, hung paintings of GrandView Point. One pictured the earlier stand behindthe four turrets and the other showed a currentview of the new ship. One of the most beautifulfeatures was the nautical mural that circled theceiling. These paintings of boats and lighthousesand the ocean actually told the story of the "Cap-tain's" trips to Holland. The banquet room at thestern resembled the dining room. (In later years itfeatured a small mural of a ship's deck with11sailors said to be members of the S.S. Grand ViewOrchestra that played in the hotel's lounge duringthe 1930s.) Both rooms had a panoramic view ofthe hills and valleys. On the road side of the sternwas a small cocktail lounge, popular with both lo-cals and night travellers. A guest book at the cashregister accumulated thousands ofsignatures peryear. Among the celebrities who signed in wereClara Bow, MaryPickford, Henry Ford, J.P.Morgan, Joan Crawford, Rudy Vallee, LillianGish,Greta Garbo, and Buddy Rogers.

The top floor had the two outdoor decks, bothcovered withcanvas roofs and sporting free tele-scopes. On the bow was a big ship's wheel with afloating compass and a steam control. A lobby in-side the upper floor had a large skylight. Therewere also 13 elegant rooms, termed "1st Class," in-cluding four suites withprivate baths. Allrooms,including the "2nd class" rooms on the lowerfloors, had hot and cold running water and steamheat provided by five furnaces in the basement. Therate was $2, or $4 for rooms with a private bath.Allemployees lived in the ship and used the roomsjust above the basement. At its peak about 40people shared these dorm -like quarters that theyjokingly referred to as "steerage."

Other tourist attractions sprung up all along theLincoln Highway. Itwas no longer just the down-town businesses along the highway that vied for the

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146

Pittsburgh History, Fall 1989

traveller's dollar. Anyone who had enough roomfor an overnight guest or a gas pump went intobusiness. There was the Lighthouse Restaurant inNorth Versailles, large enough that itcould haveguided the ship hotel into port. The Buvett InnService Station east of Greensburg had a lunch-room, cabins, and Texaco gas. Atthe top ofBaldKnob Summit was Minick's Hotel, which had a res-taurant, cottages, and eight gas pumps. On theother side ofGrand View Point was Rus's Place atTulPs Hill,which seemed to be a house with agiant roof added to overhang all sides, and anotherset ofgas pumps. On Bedford's outskirts satKoontz's Coffee Pot, where you could fillup yourcar with "White Flash" gasoline at Bert Koontz'sAtlantic station and fillup yourself withlunch inhisgiant silver coffee pot. Just past Breezewood wasanother popular lookout spot, Bill'sPlace. Bill'ssaton top ofRay's Hilland had 10 gas pumps, anoutdoor gift shop, and what Billclaimed was thesmallest post office in the United States. Itwas 6feet by 8 feet and served six people. Bill's also had atower to draw tourists insearch of a better viewofthe Blue Ridge Mountains. Nearing larger cities,tourists found even more roadside businesses suchas motor courts and the new streamlined diners.

As the competition increased, the S.S. GrandView Point Hotel tried to keep pace. Dances wereheld on the back deck to draw the locals and abrand new lounge, the Coral Room, was added.Removing the soda fountain and closing in thefront pillars later enlarged the lounge. The loungeand dining room also got brand new Wurlitzer"bubbler" jukeboxes, and tooutdo mountaintopcompetition a 20 foot long brass telescope wasadded. Itsupposedly was the world's largestoutdoor telescope at the time.

The ship's name changed in the 1940s to theS.S. Grand View Hotel and although itcontinuedto draw crowds, the times were changing. ThePennsylvania Turnpike opened in 1940 and peoplefound they could cross the state on this limited-access road much faster than on Route 30. Notonly were the mountain grades reduced, but theseparated four-lane made travel much safer. TheTurnpike was considered the finest road inAmericaat the time, though itonly ran 160 miles from Har-risburg to, interestingly enough, Route 30 at Irwin.The Turnpike and the interstates of the 1950s thatitinspired took away much of the out-of-statetraffic that passed the ship.

Many towns on the Lincoln Highway came todepend on tourist business, as didpeople livingnear the road. Away from the road, however, thecountryside remained unchanged. Bedford Countywas rural long after the highway came through. By1950, when federal census takers considered only .5

percent of Allegheny County's residences ruralfarms, 30 percent ofBedford County's residenceswere farms. Even today Bedford County remainsrelatively unchanged, at least partly because so

much of the non-localtraffic has shifted tothe Turnpike. (Theexact impact of theTurnpike on Route30's traffic load isnearly impossible to

document because

1950s topresent

relevant records could not be located by officials atthe Pennsylvania Department ofHighways.)

After Captain Paulson moved on to otherthings, his son and daughter ran the ship from the1940s to the late 1970s. Then Jack and Mary Loyatook over. Trying to revive business, they renamedthe mountain point Mount Ararat and the shipNoah's Ark.They began covering the ship withwooden planking and started a small zoo next tothe gas station but soon found that running theplace was too much work for two people.

In1987 they sold the ship to Ron Overly andhis fiancee, Christine Ford, who are trying torestore the ship to its former glory. The going istough because the ship has not been kept after formany years and the changes that were made toconvert itinto an ark are proving difficult toreverse. Another problem stems from the liquorlicense, which the former owners let lapse: to get itrenewed, all rooms must have lavatories, somethingthe ship didn't have because of the era in which itwas built and because a real ship would not havehad them. They're both optimistic, however, thatthe bar and upstairs rooms willbe open this sum-mer. They expect their big season, though, to befall, when travellers are out looking at the foliage.Business was good for them last summer, andOverly says that many former visitors stopped bywith reminiscences and suggestions. Although briskbusiness slows improvements, they are thinkingabout returning the ship's black exterior siding toits original bright white. Overly plans on restoringthe ship as much as possible but also believes amore-elegant-than-original atmosphere willattractmodern travellers better. For now the restaurantserves sandwiches and drinks and the gift shop isstillthere, though many ofits contents have movedfrom souvenir to antique status while sitting therefor the past 30 years.

One Bedford woman optimistic about the ship'sfuture is Clara Gardner, Captain Paulson's grand-child. Gardner is a very friendly woman who getsexcited talking about her home ofmany years, theship hotel. She was born there in1931 and grew upduring the ship's most popular years. Although she

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Stilla Grand View

spent her winters at nearby St. Xavier boarding to sell, they let itgo out of the family. She still |:/;?#!school, she spent her summers and holidays

surrounded by hotel visitors. As a littlegirl, shekeeps in touch withmany of the workers and carrieson a tradition her German grandmother offered at

committed to memory the ship's height above sea the ship: chicken and mashed potatoes withgravylevel: 2,464 feet. She would stand at the outside on a waffle — the famous chicken waffle dinner,wall and sell weeds and postcards to arriving Walter Paulson, 83, was a young man when histourists, much to her grandfather's annoyance. She father bought the hot dog stand at Grand Viewenjoyed meeting the wide variety ofpeople who Point. uMy father paid $3,200 for 13 acres on thatstopped, like Tom Mix,whom Gardner remembers hillside. When the state widened the curve, theydrove up in a convertible with his name on the side covered the Lincoln Highway all the way toof his car. She also remembers the "shady looking Bedford with the crushed stone they quarried"types" who she assumed were bootleggers andsuch. One nice group of flappers taught her the

from the hill.His father borrowed "$125,000 fromtwo men at 16 percent interest" to build the ship,

hoochie-coochie dance, which she performed in a witha steel base that proved so difficult toengineertalent show back at school. The school authorities that the "contractors eventually went brokewere quick tocall her parents, demanding an expla- trying." He adds that the "ship's ends were sup-nation ofher "outrageous behavior." posed to be bigger, but there was no money for a

As the young woman got older, she held various fantail and long bow."jobs in the ship such as waitressing and selling war Inaddition to the famous personalities whostamps, and pumping gas across the street. She re- visited the ship, Paulson remembers ambassadorsmembers very vividly working the gift shop, andespecially certain required trips to the basement:"There were always snakes in the basement and we ("We weren't allowed tocallwere scared togo down there and bring up the them Russians, onlysouvenir boxes. The worst things were the mocca- Soviets," he notes.)sins; the snakes would hide in them and slither out Inall hesometimes when we opened a box." She feels she recallsled an ordinary life, even in the unusual setting,playing with children intoher teens innearby Schellsburg and at the lumber camp at the top ofthe hill.Her Grandpa was "a nice manand a very hard worker," sherecalls. "He kept a large farmdown below the ship with pigsand chickens and crops, al-though the deer often ate all thevegetables. He also found timeon his trips to Holland in themid-1930s to build threehouses."

After getting married andleaving while still a teenager,Gardner returned to work at theship for the next 25 years. In the1950s the tourists continued tocome, and Gardner blames theship's gradual slide into disrepair—

not the Turnpike —for its

decline as a roadside attraction."Groups would rent out theship's rooms year-round," shesays, "and buses, sometimesseven or eight at a time, wouldstop. We were always busy."

Her husband, however, wasnot so interested in the ship, andwhen it came time for her uncle

from China and Japan, as well as Soviet engineerswho were touring steel mills in the Pittsburgh area.

V^'%.? "V

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Pittsburgh History, Fall 1989

He and Gardner both hope the new ownerssucceed.

Meanwhile, the Lincoln Highway continues tofade into obscurity. Its success as a major highwayspawned a generation ofsuper- highways that con-tributed to its eventual obsolescence. Itmakes thenews occasionally, but usually for itshead-oncrashes, and only as Route 30. But away from thecities and suburbs, where it curves awkwardlyaround mountains, meanders next togentlestreams, arid passes the mailboxes of farmhouses,the Lincoln Highway stillexists. The tourist campsare gone, and so are most of the old gas stationsand diners. But the road and its environment sitmostly untouched in these areas, a looking glassback to an earlier time. Nearer to cities the highwayis virtually lost tonew roadway projects, bypasses,and general modernization. In some areas ithasbeen bypassed three times. Only insmaller towns,where the original route can be retraced, arereferences to the Lincoln Highway found: theoccasional Lincoln Garage, Lincoln Court Motel,orperhaps a street named Lincoln Way.

The highway was marked one last time, in 1928,when 3,000 cement posts were used to memorial-ize its dedication to Lincoln. Very few remain today— perhaps 10 inPennsylvania. They serve nopurpose to modern travellers but are quaintreminders of the past, just as the tollhouses onturn-of-the -century turnpikes intrigued motoristswhen the Lincoln Highway was young.

Just down the mountain from the ship, a coupleofhundred feet or so, stands Lada's Candy Store ina tall stone building known as the Shot Factory.This old stagecoach inn dates from the same era asthe white bricks across the road, remnants of atollgate on the Bedford- Stoystown turnpike.Among these sights, the ship hotel sits especiallyforlornly, waiting for carloads of visitors toagainclimb to its top deck for a better view of3 statesand 7 counties. \u25a0

The S.S. Grand ViewPoint Hotel can be reached fromPittsburgh bytaking the Turnpike east to the Somerset Exit.Take Route 219 north for13 miles, then Route 30 east 16miles. For amore scenic trip,take Route 30 east for80 milesfrom Pittsburgh through Irwin,Greensburg and Ligonier.The ship is open daily,9 to 9; Phone: (814) 733-4292.

Tourist information on the area is available from theBedford County Travel Promotion Agency: (814) 623-1771.

Alsoof interest isa reprint ofthe 1916 Complete OfficialRoad Guide of the LincolnHighway, available for $ 10 plus$1.50 postage from the highway's unofficial historian LynProtteau, Pleiades Press, P.O. Box 255185, Sacramento,CA95865.

Bibliography

Automobile Club ofPittsburgh, Runs and Tours, 1906(Pittsburgh, 1906).

Robert Bruce, The Lincoln Highway in Pennsylvania(Washington, D.C., and New York, 1920).

Effie Gladding, Across the Continent by the LincolnHighway (New York, 1915).

Drake Hokanson, The Lincoln Highway: Main Streetacross America (Iowa City,1988).

The Lincoln Highway Association, The Lincoln High-way: The Story of a Crusade that Made TransportationHistory (New York, 1935).

Pennsylvania Department ofHighways, PennsylvaniaHighways:Facts Motorists Should Know, 1926-1930, (Har-risburg, 1926-1930).

Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission, Annual Reports,1955-1985 (Harrisburg, 1955-1985).

James W. Rowe, An Historical Guide of the LincolnHighway (Scottsdde, PA, 1935).

U.S. Bureau of the Census, U.S. Census ofHousing,1950: Vol.ly General Characteristics (Washington, D.C.,1952).

36 countries being represented in the guest book.