Stereochemistry. Any chemistry which involves orientation in space.
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Transcript of Stereochemistry. Any chemistry which involves orientation in space.
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Stereochemistry
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Stereochemistry
•Any chemistry which involves orientation in space
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Symmetry
•Referring to anything that can be divided on some plane into identical parts
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Symmetry
•In molecules, planes of symmetry can be determined along any bond axis
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Symmetric Compounds
•Compounds with at least one plane of symmetry
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Name the Following
C C C
C-C-C-C-C-C-C
C-C
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Asymmetric Compounds
•Compounds with no plane of symmetry
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Symmetric Compounds
•The mirror images of symmetric compounds are identical
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Symmetric Compounds• All completely
symmetric compounds are non-
polar
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Asymmetric Compounds
•The mirror images of asymmetric compounds are not identical. They are optical isomers
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Asymmetric Compounds
•Asymmetric compounds can be
polar if the bonds are polar
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Polarity of Hydrocarbons
•Hydrocarbons are non-polar
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Optical Isomers
•Mirror images of asymmetric compounds are optical isomers or stereoisomers
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Stereoisomerism of C
•A carbon center must be bound to 4 different
things to be asymmetric
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Stereoisomerism of C
•Any carbon center bound to 3 or less
things has at least one plane of symmetry
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Stereoisomerism of C
•Use modeling
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Stereoisomerism of Carbon Chains
•The constituents on two adjacent carbons spend
more time in the staggered position
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Stereoisomerism of Carbon Chains
•Use modeling to show aligned & staggered
positions
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Diffusion
•Movement down an energy gradient
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Thermochemistry•Compounds will
eventually move to the lowest possible energy state (the most stable
state)
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Thermochemistry of Organic Compounds•Stability is sometimes determined by how the
compound interferes with its surroundings
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Thermochemistry of Organic Compounds•To increase stability,
organic compounds tend to curl up
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Thermochemistry of Organic Compounds
•Organic compounds ring structures are more stable than their corresponding straight chain structures
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Drill: Name:
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Draw an optical isomer of:
H3C-CH2
H3C-C-CH2-CH2-CH3
H
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Draw & Name at least 5 isomers of
C6H14