Steps towardpa Hydraila HydrailSystemSystem

June 9, 2008

The PresentThe Present

No oil production domesticallyNo oil production domestically

high oil price and growing demandhigh oil price and growing demand

Pollution from fossil fuel energyPollution from fossil fuel energy

Seek for alternative energiesSeek for alternative energiesg

SWOT Hydrail -SWOT HydrailStrengths

Government support for the railway system- Turnkey baseTurnkey base

Accumulation of technology- propulsion system, inverter, electric motor,

reduction gear, battery system, super capacitor t tsystem etc- railway vehicles/systems by mostly national

projectproject- cost down through domestic engineering

SWOT Hydrail -SWOT HydrailWeaknesses

Fuel cell- high price- poor durability- high maintenance cost

Railway is less sensitive to the changeRailway is less sensitive to the change

Uneasiness on the safety of hydrogen

SWOT Hydrail -SWOT HydrailOpportunities

Commercial use of FC bus and car is slow

Refueling hydrogen stations are not even ready yet nationwidey yNeed for hydrogen transportation is stillencouragingencouragingHydrogen supply and flow are not

economical with bus and car

SWOT Hydrail - ThreatsSWOT Hydrail Threats

Current trend is diesel to electricity in railwayrailwayRailway is recognized behind

roadwayin timeliness and urgency- railway is generally recognized as- railway is generally recognized asenvironment-friendly

FC Bus and TrainFC Bus and Train

Both of them are public transportationBoth of them are public transportation

Price portion of fuel cell system is of great advantage to trainOperation condition is better on railwayOperation condition is better on railway

Hydrogen infrastructure is easier with railway

National project / CommercialNational project / Commercialuse

Demonstration program for FC bus and car is underway

Hydrogen production and storage are developed

Commercial use of the development is strongly askedCommercial use of the development is strongly asked

Bus service is operated by private companies. Even if FC

bus are financially supported with the part of purchase cost

by government, additional costs for repair and maintenance

as well as durability are still unsatisfactory.

FC Vehicle R&D inFC Vehicle R&D inKorea

Hydrogen Energy R&DKorea National R&D Korea AutomotiveHydrogen Energy R&D

Center

- 21st century Frontier Project:

Korea National R&D

Organization for Hydrogen &

Fuel CellsNext Generation Growth

Korea Automotive

Technology Institute

- Develop environment-friendly Study on hydrogen production, storage and utilization at Hydrogen Energy Center since 2003

- Next Generation GrowthEngine Project: Study on the manufacture of fuel cell stack, BOP and Demonstration program

and intelligent vehicle to solve pollution, energy and safety effectively

Ministry of

program

Ministry of

Science &Technolog

y

Science &Technolog

yEnergyEnergy TransportationTransportation EnvironmentEnvironment

FC Vehicles in KoreaFC Vehicles in KoreaFC passenger car FC passenger car

Hyundai Motor Company (2004)

80kW Fuel cell, 20kW Li-Polymer battery

Max. speed 150km/h, 300km per refueling

35MPa, 152liter hydrogen tank

FC busFC bus

Hyundai Motor Company (2006)

160kW Fuel cell, 240kW super capacitor

Max speed 80km/h 300km per refuelingMax. speed 80km/h, 300km per refueling

35MPa,1642liter hydrogen tank

Rubber Tired Fuel Cell TramRubber Tired Fuel Cell Tram

Project 1(2010)

Project 3Project 2(2011)( )

Bimodal Tram Operation System Hydrogen Public

( )

- Modular composite - System engineering - Fuel cell propulsion

Bimodal Tram Operation Systemand Infrastructure

Hydrogen PublicTransportation System

body- Virtual rail - Automated operation- Hybrid system

- Infrastructure standard- Operation system- Maintenance based

- Hydrogen infrastructure- Regulation

Standardization- Hybrid system - Maintenance basedon

railway system

- Standardization

Prototype Tram Hydrogen PublicPrototype Tram Hydrogen PublicTransportation

Hybrid SystemHybrid System

Hybrid Power Plant

FC System

Electric Drive Train

Fuel Cell Operation

HV BatteryS C

Electric Drive TrainFuel Cell

Air Supply

Inverter Motor

HV DC/DC Converter

Climate Control

or Super Cap.

HeaterAir

Heater Conditioner

(AUX)Inverter Motor

(AUX) (AUX)(AUX)

Electrical Troubles - RailwayElectrical Troubles Railway

Transmissio

Substationtopantograph

Substation9%

Transmission8%

Report on electrified railway system in Seoul

Most troubles are frompantograph38%Between

substations45%

Most troubles are fromsubstations

and catenary wires.45%

Need a substitute system

Hybrid Propulsion SystemHybrid Propulsion System

Motor controller & inverterMotor controller & inverter

I t lt 650 VdInput voltage 650 Vdc

Normal power 180 kW

Max. power 248 kW

O t t lt 480 VOutput voltage 480 Vrms

Temperature -25 ~40 C

Max. speed 80 km/h

Efficiency 98 %

Weight 450 kg

Traction motorTraction motor

TypeAsyn. Motor

(6 pole)

Insulation class HInsulation class H

DC link voltage 650 V

Output power 45 kW

Voltage/current 480 V / 80 AVoltage/current 480 V / 80 A

Torque 14.9 kgm

Frequency 150 Hz

RPM 2950 rpm

Reduction gearReduction gear

TypeHelical gear

Type(2-speed reduction)

Gear ratio 14 4 : 1Gear ratio 14.4 : 1

Inputtorque 420 Nm

RPM 6,000 rpm

Battery & BMSTypical Capacity 80.0 Ah

Battery & BMS

Nominal Voltage 651.2 V

ChargeCondition

Max. Current 160.0 A

Voltage 739.2 V

DischargeCondition

ContinuousCurrent

400.0 A

Peak Current 640.0 A

Cut-off Voltage 598.4 V

Cycle Life [@ 80% DOD]> 1,500 Cycles

OperatingTemp.

Charge 0 ~ 40 C

Discharge -20 ~ 60 C

DimensioThi k ( ) 1 650

nThickness (mm) 1,650 mm

Width (mm) 478 mm

Length (mm) 412 mm

Weight (g) 400 kg

Super Capacitor & CVMSuper Capacitor & CVM

Type Asyn. motor(6 pole)

900Input voltage

900(150V x 6)

Max. input voltage 972 Vo tage

capacity 9.7 F

Energy 1,276 Wh

Peak power 240 kWPeak power 240 kW

weight 400 kg

Approach to Commercial UseApproach to Commercial Use

Safety for the use of hydrogen needs to be recognized by the general public through technical demonstration and developmentdevelopment

It doesn’t have a great impact on the deploy of hydrail just

to build a railway car/locomotive/shunterto build a railway car/locomotive/shunter.

With infrastructure of hydrogen and transportation on the

cutting edge, public railway transportation service needs to be

provided as a package.

An optimum site with the package project to realize the

hydrail service is proposed.y

Test BedTest Bed

No overhead wires No air pollutionCentral Control

Center

No overhead wires, No air pollution

Communication

Monitoring System StationCCTV RefuelingInformation/Guide Tram

Monitoring System StationInformation

Priority Signal

CCTVVMS

g

Tram/LRT/Railc

Modular Station

Overpass/Bridge Virtual Rail/Track/Rail

OnboardComputer

Sensor

Drive

OperationComputer

Tram/LRT/Railcar

Virtual Rail/Track/Rail

CCTV Display/Information(driver/passenger)

Drive

Thank you Seky Chang

e mail:e-mail:seky@krri.re.krOffice:+82.31.460.5381

for your attentionfor your attention