Stem cutting propagation for ex-situ conservation of www ... · and therapeutic values of Stevia...
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European Journal of Biotechnology and Bioscience ~ 35 ~ Volume: 3, Issue: 9, 35-42 Sep 2015 www.biosciencejournals.com ISSN: 2321-9122 Impact Factor: 3.742 D.K. Patel Department of Rural Technology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, (A Central University), Bilaspur, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India. Correspondence D.K. Patel Department of Rural Technology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, (A Central University), Bilaspur, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India. Stem cutting propagation for ex-situ conservation of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni in herbal garden D.K. Patel Abstract Stevia is a soft sensitive plant against changeable environment. It is more sensitive to variable temperature. It requires moderate range of water supply as per their need. The plant is marked as sweet tulsi due to presence of its sweet taste in leaf. The plant is medium heighted and herbaceous in nature. It is cable to produce white small flowers in clusters and is also efficient to produce the small, flat seeds. Seeds germination rate is slow so it is widely propagated using their stem cuttings. Mature stem including with 4-6 nodes are found to be efficient to form a new individuals of the Stevia in the presence of favourable environmental condition. The plant is also known as alternative source of sugar. Collected stem cuttings of this plant are introduced in Herbal Garden for their ex-situ conservation and also multiplied using their stem cutting. Sandy soil with proper water supply is found suitable for its better success of stem cutting propagation. Keywords: Stevia, Stem cutting, Vegetative Propagation, Herbal Garden. Introduction Plant diversity focus on the variation among the plants of different habitats. Variation of the plants are due to the effect of their genes and also regulated by the environmental components. Such variation forming complex vegetational structure of certain ecological areas. Plants are performing their role in multifold directions as for food, fodder, fuel and medicinal purpose etc. The plants are found to be useful in treatment of varied disorders among the peoples are categorized as Medicinal plants. These include remarkable potential for their action due to presence of specific chemical compounds. One plant may be efficient for treatment of many disorders. Nature gifted and supported the rich plant diversity by variation and variability among the certain group of the plants. Propagation of the plants is a better process of enhancing the number of particular plant species to form a plant population which further plays a role in formation of the rich plant diversity. As the propagation leading the multiplication by natural modes is of a great significance to form the plant diversity as well as is important to produce new individuals like their parental ones. A plant following several methods for their propagation and it is important step towards maintaining their existence in nature. Mode of plant propagation is divided in to two major categories. First one is by using their seeds and second one is by utilization of their vegetative parts like root, stem leaf etc. The modified plant parts like bulb, tuber, rhizome, corm etc also useful for the application and is variable among the different plant species. The plant Stevia is producing seeds in seasonally and it is also performing better in terms of multiplication by using the stem cutting. Before going for its mass propagation there is a urgent need for the preparation of the field/soil with proper water facilities. In relation to better growth and development of this plant its stem cuttings need to protect from direct sunlight/high temperature. Water logging also affects adversely to the growth of the plants. Carvalho et al. 1995 experimented on propagation of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni from stem cuttings. Abdullateef and Osman 2012 Studied on effects of pruning on vegetative traits in Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni (Compositae). Allam et al. 2001 recorded on nitrogen fertilizer requirement of Stevia rabaudiana Bertoni under Egyptian condition. Bhosle 2004 focuses on commercial cultivation of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni. Crammer and Ikan 1986 observed sweet glycosides from the stevia plant.
Transcript of Stem cutting propagation for ex-situ conservation of www ... · and therapeutic values of Stevia...
European Journal of Biotechnology and Bioscience
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Volume: 3, Issue: 9, 35-42 Sep 2015 www.biosciencejournals.com ISSN: 2321-9122 Impact Factor: 3.742 D.K. Patel Department of Rural Technology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, (A Central University), Bilaspur, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India. Correspondence D.K. Patel Department of Rural Technology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, (A Central University), Bilaspur, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India.
Stem cutting propagation for ex-situ conservation of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni in herbal garden
D.K. Patel
Abstract Stevia is a soft sensitive plant against changeable environment. It is more sensitive to variable temperature. It requires moderate range of water supply as per their need. The plant is marked as sweet tulsi due to presence of its sweet taste in leaf. The plant is medium heighted and herbaceous in nature. It is cable to produce white small flowers in clusters and is also efficient to produce the small, flat seeds. Seeds germination rate is slow so it is widely propagated using their stem cuttings. Mature stem including with 4-6 nodes are found to be efficient to form a new individuals of the Stevia in the presence of favourable environmental condition. The plant is also known as alternative source of sugar. Collected stem cuttings of this plant are introduced in Herbal Garden for their ex-situ conservation and also multiplied using their stem cutting. Sandy soil with proper water supply is found suitable for its better success of stem cutting propagation. Keywords: Stevia, Stem cutting, Vegetative Propagation, Herbal Garden. Introduction Plant diversity focus on the variation among the plants of different habitats. Variation of the plants are due to the effect of their genes and also regulated by the environmental components. Such variation forming complex vegetational structure of certain ecological areas. Plants are performing their role in multifold directions as for food, fodder, fuel and medicinal purpose etc. The plants are found to be useful in treatment of varied disorders among the peoples are categorized as Medicinal plants. These include remarkable potential for their action due to presence of specific chemical compounds. One plant may be efficient for treatment of many disorders. Nature gifted and supported the rich plant diversity by variation and variability among the certain group of the plants. Propagation of the plants is a better process of enhancing the number of particular plant species to form a plant population which further plays a role in formation of the rich plant diversity. As the propagation leading the multiplication by natural modes is of a great significance to form the plant diversity as well as is important to produce new individuals like their parental ones. A plant following several methods for their propagation and it is important step towards maintaining their existence in nature. Mode of plant propagation is divided in to two major categories. First one is by using their seeds and second one is by utilization of their vegetative parts like root, stem leaf etc. The modified plant parts like bulb, tuber, rhizome, corm etc also useful for the application and is variable among the different plant species. The plant Stevia is producing seeds in seasonally and it is also performing better in terms of multiplication by using the stem cutting. Before going for its mass propagation there is a urgent need for the preparation of the field/soil with proper water facilities. In relation to better growth and development of this plant its stem cuttings need to protect from direct sunlight/high temperature. Water logging also affects adversely to the growth of the plants. Carvalho et al. 1995 experimented on propagation of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni from stem cuttings. Abdullateef and Osman 2012 Studied on effects of pruning on vegetative traits in Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni (Compositae). Allam et al. 2001 recorded on nitrogen fertilizer requirement of Stevia rabaudiana Bertoni under Egyptian condition. Bhosle 2004 focuses on commercial cultivation of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni. Crammer and Ikan 1986 observed sweet glycosides from the stevia plant.
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Esmat et al. 2009 focus on evaluation of bioactive compounds of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni leaves and callus. Smitha and Umesha 2012 studied on vegetative propagation of stevia [Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni.] through stem cuttings. Goyal et al. 2010 studied Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni) a bio-sweetener: a review. Gupta et al. 2013 noticed on nutritional and therapeutic values of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni: A review. Debnath 2008 experimented Clonal propagation and antimicrobial activity of an endemic medicinal plant Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni. Hossain et al. 2008 conducted Micropropagation of Stevia. Lewis 1992 observed early uses of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni (Asteraceae) leaves as a sweetener in Paraguay. Mogra and Dashora 2009 exploring the Use of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni as a Sweetener in Comparison with Other Sweeteners. Koppad and Gouda 2010 experimented vegetative propagation of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni through stem cuttings. Gupta et al. 2014 studied a review on importance of natural sweetener, a zero calorie plant – Stevia - having medicinal and commercial importance. Hasan et al. 2009 experimented on Vegetative propagation of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni). Pande and Gupta 2013 focus on plant tissue culture of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni: A review. Megeji et al. 2005 recorded to introducing Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni, a natural zero-calorie sweetener. Mishra et al. 2010 find out Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni – A magical sweetener. Misra et al. 2011 observed antidiabetic activity of medium-polar extract from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Nishiyama et al.
1992 noticed quantitative analysis of stevioside in the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Sharma et al. 2006 made Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni – A review. Rangappa and Aind in 2013 experimented high frequency multiplication of shoots using axillary buds for production of elite lines of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni. Sairkar et al. 2009 observed on mass production of an economically important medicinal plant Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni using in vitro propagation techniques. Singh et al. 1996 find out Stevia: A natural sweetener for the diabetics. Xi Y 1998 recorded antioxidant activity of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni. Material and Methods Healthy and diseases free stem cuttings were collected and cut in to small part around 16 cm long with the presence of nodes. These stem cuttings are deep overnight and are grown in oblique in prepared field included compost, sands etc. In prime stage of their growth a light irrigation applied for in initiation of new buds for further development of new individuals of Stevia like their parental ones. These stem cuttings are propagated in direct fields and also in fifty poly bags (13 cm deep and 08 cm width) in 04 cm depth in each one prepared poly bags to make easy to transfer from one place to another as per requirements. In both conditions Stevia stem cuttings were supplied all the needful facilities to support bud initiation and root development for further better growth of the Stevia. Older stem cuttings grown in soil perform better in its further development.
Varied stages of plant stem cutting Propagation
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View After 10 Days of experiment
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View After 20 Days of experiment
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View After 30 Days of experiment
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Transplanting the developed plants in prepared Beds in Herbal Garden
Changes in Morphological structures in plant.
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Result and discussions The plant is herbaceous and sensitive to temperature variables. Moderate water supply needed for better growth and development of this plant. Plant heights 60 – 80 cm, Tap root 20-25 cm deep in soil, Root diameter 4-5 cm. Stems are Green, Cylindrical, Smooth, Hairs present, Internodes 4 – 6 cm, Branched (10 - 15) bearing leaves, Stem diameter 4- 5 cm. Leaves are simple, Dentate margin, Reticulate leaf venation, Green in colour, Alternate, Leaf length 2.5 – 3.5 cm, Leaf broad 1.5 – 2.0 cm, Sweet in taste. Flowers are white and originate in clusters, after pollination and fertilization it forms seeds. Seeds are small, long with pointed end, Hairy structure found at the apex of seed. The plant is remarkable for its sweet taste and as a source of alternate of sugar. It is found to be useful in diabetes. Proper care, regular cultivation leads for its further conservation in nature. Mature stem cuttings of this plant are showing its potential application to regenerate in to new individuals like their parental plants. For this purpose prepared 50 poly bags filled with fertile soil, sand and manure equally was utilized as a media for vegetative propagation of the plant Stevia separately in all poly bags. Arrangement of poly bags including one – one stem cutting of this plant was made to follow the proper water supply. To provide better facilities to the developing plants the current experiment was done in net house in Herbal garden. After 10 -15 days of the experimentation the cutting part of the stem initiate origination of the new buds of this plant indicating the success of the experiment. All the requirements during of vegetative growth were supplied as per need of the plant. Further developed plants in poly bags were carefully planted in to the prepared beds in Herbal garden. The plants stem cuttings performed better for its regeneration. Acknowledgement I am cordially thankful to UGC New Delhi for supporting the current work under Start up Grant research project on the Topic “Ex – situ Conservation of important Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) Resources from Chhattisgarh in Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University) Campus, Bilaspur (C.G.)” No. F. 20 – 17 (3)/2012 (BSR) - Dated 8 March 2013. References 1. Abdullateef RA, Osman M. Studies on effects of
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