Steering Hydraulic System
Transcript of Steering Hydraulic System
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Prepared by:
KHAIRUL AMILIN BIN IBRAHIM
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WHAT IS STEERING SYSTEMHAT IS STEERING SYSTEM
The steering system serves to allow changing the direction in which
the automobile is moving.
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CONSTRUCTION OF STEERING SYSTEMONSTRUCTION OF STEERING SYSTEM
The Steering System divided into three mechanism :
Steering Control Mechanism
Steering Link Mechanism
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CLASSIFICATION OF STEERING SYSTEMLASSIFICATION OF STEERING SYSTEM
STEERING SYSTEM
Manual Steering Type Power Steering Type
DIFFERENCE
Used Mechanical Support Used Mechanical and Hydraulic
Support
- eer ng a- Steering Gear
- Steering Linkage
- Steering Gear, Shaft And Linkage- Pump
- Pressure Hose
- eservo r
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is a Hydraulic system assisting the driver in turning the
.
Designed to reduce the drivers effort needed to turn the
oil pump.
Its reduce driver fatigue and increase safety duringdriving.
Use on both pitman arm steering gear and rack-and-pinion
steer ng system.
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2 major parts in power steering system
Hydraulic pump Steering gear
Another components
Hi h ressure hoses
Fluid reservoir
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CONSTRUCTION OF POWER STEERING SYSTEM
Steering Linkage & Gear
Oil Reservoir
Cooler Hose
Pump
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uses a hydraulic pump and
the steering unit to provide
wheels
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The pump is driven by a belt running from the crankshaft.
Its o two t ngs:
Produces fluid pressure
steering gear.
A belt drive power
steerin um
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Contains an integral (built-in) power piston and cylinder.
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A B
Chamber B Hydraulic Control Valve
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Electro-H draulic Power Steerin
Electric Power Steering
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Based on the rack-and-pinion hydraulic power steering
An electrically driven hydraulic pump, which substitutesthe steering pump driven so far by the vehicle engine.
Additional new components compared to the hydraulic
power steering are: Electric motor
Electronic control unit
Optional sensor for steering velocity
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The pressure supply unit integrates electric motor and
.
The decoupling of the pump drive from the vehicle engine
vehicle
energy saving up to 75% depending on load distribution and
control strategy.
Additionally a variable steering boost is possible
functionally depending on steering, vehicle velocity and
other parameters.
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How its work
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this s stem delivers a naturall smooth steerin feel
the flexibility of control allowed by electric power, offersmore precise steering power characteristics
improves fuel economy since the electric powered pump
operates only when steering assist is needed.
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Combines a mechanical steering system with an
steering.
,
boost, is substituted by an electrical system.
To achieve this a tor ue sensor measures the steerin wheel
torque and an electronic control unit calculates the
necessary servo torque.
The electric motor engages by a worm gear at the steeringcolumn or at the pinion and for high forces directly at the
rac y a a -an -nu gear.
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Additional components:
Electric motor
- uses a worm gear to transmit the motors torque to the
.
Electronic control unit
- receives si nal from various sensor, ud es the currentvehicle condition and determines the assist current to be
applied to electric motor.
- detect the twist of the torsion bar and convert the applied
tor ue into an electrical si nal.
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,
the position and rate of rotation of the steering wheel.
This information along with input from a steering torque
steering control module.
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Other in uts such as vehicle s eed and in uts from the
traction control or stability control systems are factored into determine how much steering assist is required.
The control module then commands the motor to rotate acertain amount, and a sensor on the motor provides
feedback to the control module so it can monitor the
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Hydraulic Power Steering Electric Power Steering
Design more complicated Design more simple
Weight is more Weight is less
maintenance
Normal respond at different Better respond at different speedspeed
High prone to problems and faults Less prone to problems and faults
Extracts power from engine, so it
reduces the fuel mileage of the
Consumes power from battery
which is also charged by engine,
engine ut it consumes ess power
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wheel and steered wheels - no steering columns function. The s stem basicall consists of two se arate s stems:
a control system that enables the driver to control the
steerable wheels of the car
a feedback system that allows the driver to sense the reaction
of the steerable wheels in the steering wheel.
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The torque applied by the driver on the steering wheel is
measured by a torque measuring device and transmitted to
a processing unit.
The processing unit controls a motor (7) to produce a
torque corresponding to the torque applied by the driver
.
If the torque applied by the motor (7) to the steering gear
wheels will begin to move.
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Sensors Functions
Angular position sensor - convert the angular position of a shaftor axle to an analog or digital code
Torque sensor - measuring and recording the torque on
a rotating system
- use strain gages applied to a rotatingshaft or axle
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Actuators Functions
Steering actuator - to provide correct positioning andsufficient force to control the steering
Feedback Motor - to provide meaningful feedback to the
driver via steering wheel
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Compact size
Improves ergonomics as less force is required by driver Im roves en ine com artment desi n flexibilit as intermediate
shaft and other components are eliminated
More precise control Reduces mechanical friction and wear
Reduces noise, vibration and harness (NVH) from the road to
Reduces weight
Steering can be installed easily for left- or right- hand drive
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a ures n t e contro systems can resu t n an unstoppa e
runaway vehicle
Hi her cost
Less road feel
More complex design Uncertain reliability of electronics module
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KHAIRUL AMILIN BIN IBRAHIM