STED: Findings on the Agro-Processing Sector · 2014. 6. 9. · STED: Findings on the...
Transcript of STED: Findings on the Agro-Processing Sector · 2014. 6. 9. · STED: Findings on the...
STED: Findings on the Agro-Processing SectorTripartite Workshop on Skills for Trade and Economic Diversification in Bangladesh
Dhaka, December 8, 2011
Erik von Uexkull
ILO Trade and Employment Programme
Outline – the STED approach
STAGE 1: Sector
Position and Outlook
STAGE 2: Business
Capability Implications
STAGE 3: What Type of
Skills?
STAGE 4: How many Workers by Skill Type?
STAGE 5: Skills Supply
Gap
STAGE 6: Proposed Responses
Skills for Trade and Economic Diversification
STAGE 1: Sector Position and
Outlook
STAGE 2: Business
Capability Implications
STAGE 3: What Type of Skills?
STAGE 4: How many Workers by Skill Type?
STAGE 5: Skills Supply
Gap
STAGE 6: Proposed Responses
Project Builds on 2010 TVET Study
• Focus on exporting agro processing sectors
• Covers all skill levels
• What comes next after initiatives following
TVET 2010 study are implemented?� Competence-based training for three priority occupations – Baker,
Food Technician, Packaging Technician
� Industry Skills Council
� Centre of Excellence
� Management development
� Operations efficiency / Kaizen
GDP Contribution
Data Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, 2005/6
Food Products Exported
Data Source: COMTRADE, EPB
Shrimps:_World Demand
Frozen: +9%
Data Source: COMTRADE
Prepared: +51%
Shrimps: Global Competitors
Data Source: COMTRADE
Price Competition
Average import price reported by the EU for 100 kg of fozen Penaeus (left) and other (right) shrimps by exporter (in EUR)
Non-Shrimp Food Products Exported
Data Source: COMTRADE, EPB
Food Exports by Destination
Firm level characteristics ...
400
500
600
Domestic
Exporter
0
100
200
300
400
# of companies in
sample
avg. Number of
permanent staff
avg. Sales (mln.
Taka)
avg. Wage ('000
Taka)
Data source: World Bank Enterprise Survey Bangladesh 2007
... Innovation ...
Data source: World Bank Enterprise Survey Bangladesh 2007
... and Skills Needs
Data source: World Bank Enterprise Survey Bangladesh 2007
Growth Scenario
• Business as Usual� Shrimp: Back on track? More competition / lower prices?
� Other food: High growth, but limits to existing markets?
• More of the Same� Shrimp / other food: How much more can you do of what you’re
already doing?
• Upgrade� Shrimp: Higher quality / branding? New products / processing?
� Other food: New markets? Product adjustment / upgrading?
STAGE 1: Sector
Position and Outlook
STAGE 2: Business
Capability Implications
STAGE 3: What Type of Skills?
STAGE 4: How many Workers by Skill Type?
STAGE 5: Skills Supply
Gap
STAGE 6: Proposed Responses
Business Capability ImplicationsProduct Development
Operational Effectiveness and Food Safety
Regulatory Compliance
Logistics / Supply Chain / Cold Chain Management
Other capabilities?
Priorities?Export marketing: Product management
Export Marketing: Channel Management
Supplier Capability
Government: Effective Regulation
Priorities?
STAGE 1: Sector
Position and Outlook
STAGE 2: Business
Capability Implications
STAGE 3: What Type of Skills?
STAGE 4: How many Workers by Skill Type?
STAGE 5: Skills Supply
Gap
STAGE 6: Proposed Responses
Business Capabilities Types of Skills / Workers
by Skill Type
Skills Supply Gap
Critical Gaps?
Priorities?
Possible Responses
Product Development Graduates with skills relevant to
food product development
Bachelor degree courses in
food science, food engineering,
food business: Universities /
industry association / ISC /
firms
Educating existing managers,
marketers etc. in food product
development
Executive education courses in
food product development:
WHO WOULD OFFER THOSE?
Business Capabilities Types of Skills / Workers
by Skill Type
Skills Supply Gap
Critical Gaps?
Priorities?
Possible Responses
Operational effectiveness
and food safety
Extend skills on
All levels of manufacturing
operations:
• Operatives & technicians
• Production managers
• Food safety training and
certification for all in
operations (industry materials /
training provision)
• Training associated with • Production managers
• Food scientists
• Engineers
• Training associated with
Kaizen and similar initiatives
• Training in food testing
laboratory skills (industry
materials / training provision)
• Degree courses in industrial
engineering
• Degree courses in food
process engineering
• Executive education in
industrial and food process
engineering
Availability of qualified trainers WHAT DO WE DO ABOUT THIS?
Business Capabilities Types of Skills / Workers
by Skill Type
Skills Supply Gap
Critical Gaps?
Priorities?
Possible Responses
Regulatory Compliance Awareness of importance of
strict compliance across all
levels of manufacturing
operations
Industry association drive on
compliance (training materials /
provision?)
Skilled Quality Assurance
Managers
Training for new and existing
quality assurance managers(Industry Association / ISC / Food
Safety Authorities)
Business Capabilities Types of Skills / Workers by Skill
Type
Skills Supply Gap
Critical Gaps?
Priorities?
Possible Responses
Logistics / Supply Chain /
Cold Chain Management
Logistics and supply chain
specialists
• Supply chain and logistics
centre of expertise, possibly
based at a university
• Degree / masters courses in
supply chain and logistics
• Need for economics of cold
chain to be studied
• Cold chain skills strategy
depends on what will work
economically
Business Capabilities Types of Skills / Workers
by Skill Type
Skills Supply Gap
Critical Gaps?
Priorities?
Possible Responses
Export marketing: Product
management
• Marketing managers and staff
• Sales staff
• High level international
business development staff
• Executive education for
managers (collaboration with
Int. Business School?)
• Attract diaspora
• Consider hiring internationally •to get people with existing
expertise in international sales
and marketing of generics for
key positions
• Possible placement of BD staff
downstream in distribution
channels to gain experience
• Languages
• ‘Call centre skills’
• Alliance-based marketing
networks?
Export Marketing: Channel
Management
Business Capabilities Types of Skills / Workers
by Skill Type
Skills Supply Gap
Critical Gaps?
Priorities?
Possible Responses
Supplier Capability Skills of farmers (and other
producers)• Short training courses
• Agricultural advisors
• Training skills for
intermediaries?
• Just-in-time information • Just-in-time information
by mobile/cell?
Business Capabilities Types of Skills / Workers
by Skill Type
Skills Supply Gap
Critical Gaps?
Priorities?
Possible Responses
Government: Effective
Regulation
primarily a matter of upgrading
regulation, but complementary
skills and cultural change
• Placements with other
regulators
• Training for inspectors and skills and cultural change
required too
• Training for inspectors and
others involved in regulation
•Design of incentive system