Status, Priorities and Needs for Sustainable Soil Management in South Africa, Liesl Wiese - ARC NRL
Transcript of Status, Priorities and Needs for Sustainable Soil Management in South Africa, Liesl Wiese - ARC NRL
L h W k h f th GSPLaunch Workshop for the GSP:Eastern and Southern Africa
25‐27 March 2013Jacaranda Hotel Nairobi Kenya
Status, Priorities and Needs
Jacaranda Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya
Status, Priorities and Needs for Sustainable Soil
Management in South Africa
Liesl Wiese26 March 2013
Population = 50.6 millionArea = 122.3 mil ha
2012: 32% SA children hungry/
at risk of hunger
17.70% Potentially arable (16.8 mil ha)Grazing (83.9 mil ha)Non‐agricultural use (21 6 mil ha)
13.70%68.60%
Non agricultural use (21.6 mil ha)
• Low agricultural potential• Only 3% is high potential• Cultivated ‐ 12.75 mil ha
(10.4%)• (Irrigated ‐ 1.35 mil ha) (1.1%)
17.70%Diverse natural resources
Li i d i l f13.70%
68.60%
Limited potential for intensive agriculture
Soils: Diverse, 81% slightly weathered
Potentially arable (16.8 mil ha)Grazing (83 9 mil ha)
30% sandy soils
D l i t tGrazing (83.9 mil ha)Non‐agricultural use (21.6 mil ha)
Dual agrarian structure
1. Commercial farmers
2. Small scale farmers
Land Type Survey1:250 000
Soil Degradation in SAg
Soil Degradation in SAg• 3 recent studies (2009‐2011)
– Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands
– Soil Protection Strategy (SPS)
– Erosion modeling• Predicted soil loss rate for SA = 12.6t/ha.yr‐1
Soil Physical Problems
Sealing
ReducedReduced water holding
capacitycapacity
Increased water run‐off CompactionCrusting water run off CompactionCrusting
Soil Chemical Challenges g
Under fertilization Over fertilizationUnder fertilization
Acidic soils
Over fertilization
Loss of SOM
Rainfall Distribution Topsoil C DistributionNatural Soil Acidity
Conservation Agriculture
Current Government InitiativesA i l l M d
Agriculture,
Agricultural Mandate
g ,Forestry and
Fisheries (DAFF)Environmental RuralEnvironmental Affairs (DEA)
• Working For
Rural Development and Land
Reform (DRDLR)
• National LandCareProgramme
• Comprehensive• Working For Wetlands
Reform (DRDLR)
• Comprehensive Rural Development P (CRDP)
• Comprehensive Agricultural Support Programme (CASP)
• Mechanization Programme (CRDP)Programme
Challenges
• Political willP l i d i l i• Proper planning and implementation
• Incentives• Mining – no soils to manage… • Youth interest• Improved data bases • Long term monitoring of impactsg g p• Consistency• Dual agrarian systemDual agrarian system
Communal/Subsistence
Commercial
Priorities
• Increased awareness
• Improved capacity
• Improved data basesp
• Increased inter‐institutional cooperation
• Incentives affordable and effective• Incentives – affordable and effective
• Turning data into information ‐ Decision kmakers
Soil Survey Journal
• http://sosj.journals.ac.za/pub
• Publication is free
• Seeking soil survey reports ‐ detailedg y p
Thank you!Thank you!
• FAO • Lehman Lindeque (DAFF)
• Hein Lindeman (DAFF)• Robin Barnard (ARC‐ISCW)
• Danie Beukes (ARC‐ISCW)
Hein indeman ( AFF)
• Anneliza Collett (DAFF)
• Nic Olivier (Inkqubela)• Jay le Roux (ARC‐ISCW)
• Hendrik Smith (ARC‐ISCW)
Nic Olivier (Inkqubela)
( )
• Dave Turner (ARC‐ISCW)
• Mara de Villiers (ARC‐ISCWMara de Villiers (ARC ISCW
• Garry Paterson (ARC‐ISCW)