State Visit Overview
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Transcript of State Visit Overview
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Material and Construction
Optimization for Prevention ofPremature Pavement DistressinPCC Pavements
Overview
Jim GroveHalil Ceylan
Center for Port land Cement Concrete Pavement Techno logy
Iowa State University
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Cloud Cover
Humidity
100%
Concrete Temperature andMoisture Monitoring
Curing Methods
Plastic ShrinkageCrackingHorizontal Cracking Early Opening Traffic
NDT Testing
Cylinder andBeam Breaks
Time
Material and Construction Optimization
Mixing
Transporting/
Placement
EnvironmentalAggregate
Cements /mineral
Admixtures
Chemical
Admixture
Construction
MaterialsAndMixings
Project
Requirements
0%
75%25%50%
Humidity
150F30F
120F60F90F
Temperature
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The Issue
Concrete mixtures: complex chemical
and physical systems
Variety of ingredients & sources
Proportioning and mixing procedures
Construction procedures
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The Problem
Material selection and mix design oftenare not integrated with construction
practices Construction and materials testing have
not kept up with technology
We dont test the right things
Too often tests dont
relate to performance
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Solutions
Characterize materials, compatibilities,and construction procedures Key to increasing durability Understand properties and compatibilities
Increasing need for quick answers
New procedures are needed to optimize Software can help organize the
complexities
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Project Objectives
Glean materials testing and constructionpractices from each state
Document local unpublished research onmaterials testing and construction practices
Develop a suite of tests that
will effectively control theprocess and predict PCC
paving performance
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Project Objectives
Conduct shadow demonstrationprojects, showcasing materials testing
and construction practices, in each state Produce a Practices Manual todocument theinformation gathered
and test proceduresdeveloped VSA
VSA
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Managing Performance
Material Selection
and Interactions
+Construction
Practices
+
EnvironmentalAffects
+Project
Requirements
= ResultingPerformance
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Managing Performance
Performance
Factors+Prediction
Tools+
Measurements
= Optimization
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Performance Factors
WorkabilityStrength Development
Air ContentPermeabilityShrinkage
0
Managing Performance
Prediction Tools
Computer-Based Guidelines for Job-SpecificOptimization of Paving Concrete (FHWA Task 64)
HIPERPAV
Measurement
Workability: Variable Slope Apprentice
Air Void Characteristics: Air Void Analyzer
Strength: Maturity Meter
Compatibility: Heat Signature
Curing: Conductivity Meter
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Understanding Performance
Identify Gaps inKnowledge andMeasurements
Research
Material Interaction
Mixing and Hauling
Environmental Affects
Construction Techniques
Laboratory
Develop correlation tests
Simulate and quantifymaterial / mixing criteria
Quantify constructioncriteria
Field
Field Trials onlab correlations
Verify tests andprotocol
PracticesManual
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3 Stages
Design stage Laboratory Concrete
Winter Verification
Field
Beginning of the project Quality Control
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Stages
Mix Design Stage
Characterize the materials
Characterize the concrete Materials are similar but not the same as
project materials
Utilize Task 64 Computer based design
Go/ No Go
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Stages
Pre-Construction Verification
Test project materials for similarity to
design materials Verify mix design
Utilize HIPERPAV
Field lab tests
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Stages
Quality control
Monitor the concrete
Predict performance HIPERPAV
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Related Research
FHWA Task 4
Blended cements
Mix Uniformity
Task 64
HIPERPAV
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FHWA Task 4 - Identifying Combinations of MaterialsThat Lead to Premature Deterioration in Concrete
Pavements
Identify Effects of production and placement methods
Factors that influence segregation, bleeding andcohesiveness relative to finish-ability
Influence of environmental conditions
Deficiencies in existing test methods
Provide
A simple test for evaluating compatibility
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ISU Blended Cements Project
Identify
How different blended cement influences concretesetting time and heat development in different
weather conditions, especially in cold weather
How the heat signature of blended cement relatesearly strength development of the concrete
Provide
Control of a pavements saw cut and opening time
Modification of maturity calculation
Prediction of early age cracking of concrete
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ISU - Mix Optimization Project(Mix Uniformity)
Identify: Optimal mixing procedures for combinations of
supplementary materials and admixtures
Characteristics of a good mix received by: Slip form paver
Haul vehicles
Effects of combinations, mixing times, and mixingmethods on fresh concrete properties Workability, uniformity, air void system
Provide Input to Material and Construction Optimization and
guidelines to simplify mixing with supplementary
cementitious materials and admixtures
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FHWA Task 64: Software to IdentifyRapid Optimization of Available Inputs
Models
Criteria
CostPermeability
Strength
Stiffness
Workability
Other Factors
Constituents
Coarse AggregateFine Aggregate
Cement
Water
Mineral Admixtures
Chemical Admixtures
Optimum PCC Mix
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HIPERPAVPrediction Tool to Help Achieve Construction
Optimization
Predicts Controlling Cracking ofPavements
Predict Optimum Sawing Window
Predict Impact of Adverse Weather on
Construction of Pavement
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HIPERPAV
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OverviewConstruction QC/QA Process Correlates to Lab Tests
Best Practices Manuals
ConstructionEnvironment
CostProject Criteria
Final ModelMix Design that
meets specific projectperformancerequirements
QC/QAConstruction
Quick Field Tests toidentify or ensure
performance
ConstructionUse proposed fieldtests on projects in
participating states toverify tests
Develop OptimizationSoftware *
(FHWA Task 64)
Research LabCorrelation Test
Development
Field TestDevelop QuickBattery of tests
to measurecriteria
Develop TestsMeasurableCriteria
WorkabilityConsistencyShrinkageStrengthAir VoidsPermeability
Identification ofknown or
proven Impactelements -
What works &what does not
Knowledge Base
on Subject of Materials thatallows selection of materials that
satisfy specific project performancerequirements
Select Sand
Select Cement
Select MineralAdmixtures
Select ChemicalAdmixtures
Select Rock
ALL AVAILABLE
MATERIALS
Multiple Rock Sources
Multiple Sand Sources
Multiple Cement Sources
Mineral Admixtures(fly ashes, silica fumes, natural pozzolans, ground
granulated blast furnace slag)
Chemical Admixtures(retarders, accelerators)
Actual ProjectPerformance
Problem
Previous Research
Literature Search
Existing Knowledgeand Practices
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Phase I
Data Collection
Literature review
Current practice survey
Database from past projects
Field monitor and reviewcurrent projects
Test Development
Identify material and concretetests that characterizeproperties of durable concrete
Further develop existing tests Research new tests
Pilot Project
Try tests scheme in Iowa
Technology Transfer
Initial guidelines of known
solutions
Phase II
Continued Development of
Testing Procedures
Laboratory testing
Field Demonstration Projects
Demonstrate suite of newtests in each state
Investigate property effectsof construction procedureswith various materials
SWAT Teams
Provide technicalassistance to states ifproblems arise
Utilize proposed test toevaluate problems
Phase III
Technology Transfer
Training modules on materialand construction optimizationfor prevention of premature
pavement distress Material property
integration
Best constructionpractices
Material and constructioneffects on performance
(system integration)
Implementation Assistance
Material and ConstructionOptimization Tasks
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Phase I
Data Collection
Literature review
Current state testing practice Unpublished state research
Published Research (Task 64)
Database of past state projects
with durability issues
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Phase I
Test Development
Identify material and concrete tests that
characterize properties of durable concrete Further develop
existing tests Research new
tests
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Phase I
Pilot Project
Try tests scheme in Iowa
Technology Transfer
Practices Manual Report state practices and unpublished research
Suite of tests
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Phase I
Data Collection
Literature review
Current practice survey
Database from past projects
Field monitor and reviewcurrent projects
Test Development
Identify material and concretetests that characterizeproperties of durable concrete
Further develop existing tests Research new tests
Pilot Project
Try tests scheme in Iowa
Technology Transfer
Initial guidelines of known
solutions
Phase II
Continued Development of
Testing Procedures
Laboratory testing
Field Demonstration Projects
Demonstrate suite of newtests in each state
Investigate property effectsof construction procedureswith various materials
SWAT Teams
Provide technicalassistance to states ifproblems arise
Utilize proposed test toevaluate problems
Phase III
Technology Transfer
Training modules on materialand construction optimizationfor prevention of premature
pavement distress Material property
integration
Best constructionpractices
Material and constructioneffects on performance
(system integration)
Implementation Assistance
Material and ConstructionOptimization Tasks
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PhaseII
Continued Development of Testing
Procedures
Laboratory testing
AVA
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Phase II
Field Demonstration Projects
Investigate effects of construction procedures
with various materials
Demonstrate suite of
tests in each state
DSC
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Phase II
SWAT Teams
Provide technical assistance to states if
problems arise
Utilize proposed tests to evaluateproblems
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Phase I
Data Collection
Literature review
Current practice survey
Database from past projects
Field monitor and reviewcurrent projects
Test Development
Identify material and concretetests that characterizeproperties of durable concrete
Further develop existing tests Research new tests
Pilot Project
Try tests scheme in Iowa
Technology Transfer
Initial guidelines of known
solutions
Phase II
Continued Development of
Testing Procedures
Laboratory testing
Field Demonstration Projects
Demonstrate suite of newtests in each state
Investigate property effectsof construction procedureswith various materials
SWAT Teams
Provide technicalassistance to states ifproblems arise
Utilize proposed test toevaluate problems
Phase III
Technology Transfer
Training modules on materialand construction optimizationfor prevention of premature
pavement distress Material property
integration
Best constructionpractices
Material and constructioneffects on performance
(system integration)Implementation Assistance
Material and ConstructionOptimization Tasks
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Phase III
Technology Transfer
Training modules on material and construction
optimization for prevention of premature pavementdistress
Material property integration
Best construction practices
Material and construction
effects on performance
(system integration)
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Phase III
Implementation Assistance
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Georgia Louisiana Nebraska South Dakota
Indiana Michigan New York Ohio
Iowa Minnesota North Carolina TexasKansas Missouri North Dakota Wisconsin
Participating States
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Summary of Proposed Funding Sources
$1,200,000 16 Pooled fund participants($15,000/yr. x 16 x 5yrs.)
$ 314,000 Iowa DOT and PCC Center($160,000 IHRB + $154,000 PCC Center)
$ 200,000 Industry(ACPA / State Paving Assoc. & Others)
$ 500,000 PCC Center Federal Appropriation
$2,214,000 Total
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Proposed Schedule
= PCC Center = Industry = Other
1 Data Collection
A. State Survey
B. On-site consultation w/ each state
2. Test Development
A Develop initial suite of tests to measure
concrete propertiesB Refinements based on demonstration
projects
3. Demonstration Pro ects
A. Pilot project in Iowa
C. Demo project in each participating state
4. Technology Transfer
C. Variety of T2
venues TBD
2007
= States
2003
B. Best Practices for concrete paving which
will include refined suite of tests plus
B. Mobile field laboratory
2004 2005 2006
A. Initial standards/guidelines for testing
incorporating state practices and initial test
Development of next generation of testsC.
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http//www.ctre.iastate.edu/pccpoolf
und/
Jim GroveCenter for Portland Cement Pavement Technology
Iowa State University
2901 South Loop Drive, Suite 3100Ames, Iowa 50010Phone: 515-294-5988
Fax: [email protected]
Questions ??