State Housing PolicyState Housing Policy

Ing. David Slavata, Ph.DIng. David Slavata, Ph.DEkonomika bydleníEkonomika bydlení

Definition of housing Definition of housing policypolicy

The sum of legislative and The sum of legislative and economic instruments used by the economic instruments used by the government to reach the given government to reach the given aims on the field of housing.aims on the field of housing.

Example of legislative instruments:Example of legislative instruments:protection of tenants, rules for protection of tenants, rules for agreements….agreements….

Example of economic instruments:Example of economic instruments:rent control, subsidies for poor…… rent control, subsidies for poor……

Basic focuses of Basic focuses of housing policieshousing policies

Social democratic modelSocial democratic model Corporatics modelCorporatics model Liberal modelLiberal model Rudimentar modelRudimentar model

Social democratic Social democratic modelmodel The dominant support of tenant The dominant support of tenant

housinghousing Public control of housingPublic control of housing Public housingPublic housing Example of northern EU countiesExample of northern EU counties

Corporatics modelCorporatics model

The dominant support of working The dominant support of working classclass

Social justiceSocial justice Balanced support of all kinds of Balanced support of all kinds of

housing (tenant, ownership, housing (tenant, ownership, cooperative)cooperative)

Germany, France, AustriaGermany, France, Austria

Liberal modelLiberal model

Individual activity of individuals is Individual activity of individuals is dominant dominant

Housing marketHousing market Subsidies only for poor Subsidies only for poor USA, Great Britain, Australia, USA, Great Britain, Australia,

IrelandIreland

Rudimentar modelRudimentar model

No subsidies to housingNo subsidies to housing Problems of housing are solved Problems of housing are solved

on the level of families (family on the level of families (family clans)clans)

Portugal, Greece, JapanPortugal, Greece, Japan

The point of The point of administrative administrative

structurestructure Housing policy is centralised Housing policy is centralised

(France)(France) Housing policy is partly Housing policy is partly

decentralised (Germany, Spain, decentralised (Germany, Spain, Italy)Italy)

Housing policy is decentralised Housing policy is decentralised (Belgie)(Belgie)

The administrative The administrative structure of housing structure of housing

policypolicy

Government (Ministry for regional Government (Ministry for regional development - cz)development - cz)

Regions Regions

MunicipalitiesMunicipalities

Basic statistical dataBasic statistical dataYear 1991 2001 2011

Houses 1 868 541

1 969 018

2 149 756

Flats 3 705 681

3 827 678

3 894 210

Houses/1000 inh.

181 192 203

Flats/1000 inh.

359 374 368

Owners of inhabited Owners of inhabited housing fund in%housing fund in%

Year 1991 2001 2011Private 1 308

2861 397 924

1 528 476

State/Mun.

213 961 79 066 48 135

Cooperativ

54 059 41 808 31 982

SVJ 0 0 80 276Mix of owns

0 0 29 130

Purpose of legality of Purpose of legality of inhabited flatsinhabited flats

Year 1991 2001 2011Own

family house

1 367 027

1 371 684

1 453 228

Own flat 31 164 421 654 1 057 452

Rented 1 465 231

1 092 950

685 950

Rent -Cooper

697 829 548 812 432 291

Housing Policy of the Housing Policy of the Czech RepublicCzech Republic

Short view to the Czech housing Short view to the Czech housing historyhistory

The subjects which influence the The subjects which influence the housing policyhousing policy

The presentation of basic The presentation of basic instrumentsinstruments

History of the Czech History of the Czech housing policyhousing policy

1918 – 1938: Rent deregulation, 1918 – 1938: Rent deregulation, relief from property taxes, tenant relief from property taxes, tenant protectionprotection

1938 – 1945 : The increase of 1938 – 1945 : The increase of housing costruction ( untill 1941), housing costruction ( untill 1941), strong rent regulation, strong rent regulation, redistribution of real estatesredistribution of real estates

1945 – 1989: rent regulation, state 1945 – 1989: rent regulation, state control, housing list, state housing control, housing list, state housing construction, state company construction, state company construction, unification, collective construction, unification, collective housing, low quality standardshousing, low quality standards

1989 – 2011: rent deregulation, 1989 – 2011: rent deregulation, privatization, restitutions, privatization, restitutions, decentralizations, moving from decentralizations, moving from administrative to market system, administrative to market system, diversification of housing diversification of housing constructions, quality improving.constructions, quality improving.

The main events in The main events in state housing policy state housing policy after 1989after 1989 RestitutionsRestitutions Transfer of ownership to citiesTransfer of ownership to cities Privatization of hopusing stockPrivatization of hopusing stock

Housing construction Housing construction from 1948 - 2010from 1948 - 2010

The subjects of the The subjects of the housing policy – the housing policy – the

public fieldpublic field Ministry of Regional DevelopmentMinistry of Regional Development State Fund for Housing DevelopmentState Fund for Housing Development Ministry of EnviromentMinistry of Enviroment Ministry of FinanceMinistry of Finance Ministry of Social AffairsMinistry of Social Affairs RegionsRegions MunicipalitiesMunicipalities

Private fieldPrivate field

NGOs (tenant organisations, NGOs (tenant organisations, organisations of owners, organisations of owners, organisations of cooperatives)organisations of cooperatives)

Real estate companiesReal estate companies CooperativesCooperatives Political parties Political parties Mass mediaMass media

Current problems of Current problems of Czech housing and its Czech housing and its

futurefuture Energy Energy dificultiesdificulties and and high ratehigh rate of of

polutionpolution QQuality of housinguality of housing Legislative statusLegislative status Living expenses of pLiving expenses of poor familiesoor families Concentration of poor families Concentration of poor families

InstrumentsInstruments

Subsidies to the owners of Subsidies to the owners of houses (flats) houses (flats)

Subsidies to the tenants Subsidies to the tenants

State subsidies to State subsidies to owners of housesowners of houses

Loans and subsidies to owners Loans and subsidies to owners (hypothecs) – up to 12000Eur/flat, (hypothecs) – up to 12000Eur/flat, househouse

Subsidy for saving for future building Subsidy for saving for future building up to 120Eur/yearup to 120Eur/year

Subsidy for building of social flats – up Subsidy for building of social flats – up to 20000Eur/flatto 20000Eur/flat

Subsidies for reparation of old houses Subsidies for reparation of old houses – up to 2200Eur/flat– up to 2200Eur/flat

Subsidy for the changing of the Subsidy for the changing of the heating system – up to 2400Eurheating system – up to 2400Eur

Subsidy for insulate of houses Subsidy for insulate of houses

Subsidy to the tenantsSubsidy to the tenants

Subsidy for covering of living cost Subsidy for covering of living cost – up to 80Eur/month– up to 80Eur/month

Subsidy for covering of renovation Subsidy for covering of renovation of flat – up to 4000Eur/flatof flat – up to 4000Eur/flat

Subsidy for covering of using Subsidy for covering of using barier free flat- up to barier free flat- up to 16Eur/month16Eur/month

Geto in northern part Geto in northern part of czech – city of Mostof czech – city of Most