State: ANDHRA PRADESH Agriculture Contingency Plan for ...

State: ANDHRA PRADESH

Agriculture Contingency Plan for District: NALGONDA

1.0 District Agriculture profile

District agriculture profile

1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone

Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) South Telangana plateau and eastern ghat, hot dry semiarid AESR (7.2)

Agro-Climatic Region (PlanningCommission)

Southern plateau & hill region (X)

Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) Southern Telangana Zone (AP-5)

List all the districts or part thereof fallingunder the NARP Zone

Mahabubnagar, Ranga Reddy, parts of Medak, Nalgonda and Warangal

Geographic coordinates of district Latitude Longitude Altitude

17º 10' 79º 30' 169 m

Name and address of the concernedZRS/ ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS

RARS, Palem, Mahabubnagar District-509215

Mention the KVK located in the district Gaddipally (Village), Garidepally (Mandal) , Nalgonda (dt)

1.2 Rainfall NormalRF(mm)

NormalRainydays(no)

Normal Onset(specify week and month)

Normal Cessation(specify week andmonth)

SW monsoon (June-Sep): 562.1 - 2nd week of June 2nd week OctoberNE Monsoon(Oct-Dec): 139.8 - 2nd week of October 1st week of DecemberWinter (Jan- March) 14.1 - - -

Summer (Apr-May) 37.4 - - -

Annual 753.3 - - -

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1.3 Land usepattern of thedistrict (lateststatistics)

GeographicalArea

Forest area Land undernon-agriculturaluse

Permanentpastures

Cultivablewasteland

Land underMisc. treecrops andgroves

Barren anduncultivableland

Currentfallows

Otherfallows

Area (‘000 ha) 1424.0 83.7 114.8 65.9 29.4 7.7 122.1 320.9 168.2

1. 4 Major Soils (common names like shallowred soils etc.,)

Area (‘000 ha) Percent (%) of total

1. Black cotton soil 128.2 92. Dubba soil ( Loamy sands ) 669.3 473. Red soil ( Chalka soil ) 626.6 44

1.5 Agricultural land use Area (‘000 ha) Cropping intensity %

Net sown area 467.5 127.1Area sown more than once 126.8Gross cropped area 594.3

3

1.6 Irrigation Area (‘000 ha)

Net irrigated area 235.6

Gross irrigated area 348.8Rainfed area 231.9

Sources of Irrigation Number Area (‘000 ha) Percentage of total irrigated areaCanals 76.9 30.5Tanks 15.0 5.9Open wellsBore wells 149.3 59.3Lift irrigationMicro-irrigationOther sources 10.7 4.2Total Irrigated Area 251.9 100.0Pump sets 139937No. of Tractors

Groundwater availability and use* (Datasource: State/Central Ground waterDepartment /Board)

No. of blocks/Tehsils

(%) area

Over exploitedCriticalSemi- criticalSafeWastewater availability and useGround water quality

*over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe: <70%

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Area under major field crops & Horticulture etc. (2008-09)

1.8 Livestock Male (‘000) Female (‘000) Total (‘000)

Non descriptive Cattle (local low yielding) 291.5 237.3 528.8Crossbred cattle 3.4 11.2 14.6Non descriptive Buffaloes (local low yielding) 177.3 643.2 820.5Graded BuffaloesGoat 507.4Sheep 1914.1Others (Camel, Pig, Yak etc.) 40.7

1.7 Major Field Crops cultivated Area (‘000 ha)

Kharif Rabi Summer TotalIrrigated Rainfed Irrigated Rainfed

1 Paddy 163.0 147.7 310.72 Cotton 106.2 106.23 Greengram 43.9 43.94 Castor 39.4 39.45 Redgram 37.5 37.56 Groundnut 15.2 16.6 31.8

Total 569.6

Horticulture crops – Fruits Irrigated Rainfed Total area1 Orange&Batavian 62.22 Mango 16.13 lemon 12.5

Horticultural crops – Vegetables Total area1 Bhendi 1.7

Total fodder crop area 18.8Grazing landSericulture etcOthers (Specify)

5

Commercial dairy farms (Number)

1.9 Poultry No. of farms Total No. of birds (‘number)Commercial 3449537Backyard 2347716

1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)

A. Capturei) Marine (Data Source: FisheriesDepartment)

No. of fishermen Boats Nets Storagefacilities

(Ice plantsetc.)

Mechanized Non-mechanized

Mechanized(Trawl nets,

Gill nets)

Non-mechanized(Shore Seines, Stake

& trap nets)

ii) Inland (Data Source: FisheriesDepartment)

No. Farmer owned ponds No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks

49 7 572

B. CultureWater Spread Area (ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (‘000 tons)

i) Brackish water (Data Source: MPEDA/Fisheries Department)

- 0.000 0

ii) Fresh water (Data Source: FisheriesDepartment)

78 0.004 0.322

Others 27.852

1.11 Production andProductivity ofmajor crops(Average of last 5years: 2004,05,06,07, 08)

Kharif Rabi Summer Total Cropresidue

asfodder(‘000tons)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Major Field crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)

Crop 1 Paddy 516 3166 474 3207 --- --- 990 3183

Crop 2 Cotton 228 365 --- --- --- --- 228 365

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Crop 3 Castor 20 501 --- --- --- --- 20 501

Crop 4 Redgram 18 487 --- --- --- --- 18 487

Crop 5 Green gram 18 406 --- --- --- --- 18 406Others

Major Horticultural crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)

Horticulture crops - Fruits1 Orange&Batavian 782.2 123722 Mango 133.4 82673 lemon 184.1 14667

Horticultural crops - Vegetables1 Bhendi 24.5 14333

1.12 Sowing window for 5 majorfield crops(start and end of normalsowing period)

Paddy Cotton Castor Red gram Green gram

Kharif- Rainfed --- July 1st fortnight – July2nd fortnight

4th Week of June to2nd week of July

4th Week of Juneto 2nd week of July

2nd FN of June

Kharif-Irrigated 2nd FN of June to 2nd FN ofJuly

--- --- --- ---

Rabi- Rainfed --- --- --- September 1st

fortnight – October1st fortnight

---

Rabi-Irrigated December 2nd fortnight –January 1st fortnight

--- --- 1st FN of Oct ---

1.13 What is the major contingency thedistrict is prone to? Regular occasional Never

Drought √

Flood √

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Cyclone √

Hail storm √

Heat wave √

Cold wave √

Frost √

Sea water intrusion √

Pests and diseases Rice: BlastRedgram: Maruca and HelicoverpaCotton: Sucking pest complexBlackgram : YMV

1.14 Include Digital maps ofthe district for

Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes / No

Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: Yes / No

Soil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed: Yes / No

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2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies

2.1 Drought

2.1.1 Rainfed situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought (delayedonset)

Major Farmingsituation

Normal Crop/croppingsystem

Change in crop/croppingsystemc

Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Delay by 2 weeks(June 4rd week)

Shallow Red-chalka Soils

Cotton No change

Redgram +Greengram

Castor

Medium blacksoils

Cotton

Redgram

Greengram




Change in crop/croppingsystem


Delay by 4 weeks

(July 2nd weekweek)

Shallow Red-chalka Soils

Cotton No change Adopt closer spacing forcotton (90x60 cm) andredgram 150 cm.

Red gram

Castor

Greengram

Medium balcksoils

Cotton

Red gram

Greengram

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Delay by 6 weeks(July 3rd Week)

Shallow Red-Chalka Soils

Cotton No change Adopt closer spacing forcotton (90x45 cm)

Redgram Redgram + Greengram (5:1)

Castor No change

Greengram

Medium –Heavy soils

Cotton Adopt closer spacing of90 x 60 and 90 x 45 cm..

Redgram Redgram + Greengram (5:1)





Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementatione

Delay by 8 weeks

(August 2st week)


Cotton Repalce with crops like Castor,Jowar, Bajra, Ragi, Sunflowerand Horsegram and Cowpea.

Follow recommendedpackage of practices ofthese crops

Redgram No change Adopt reduced rowspacing from 180 cm to120 cm

Castor No change Adopt reduced rowspacing 90X30 cm

Greengram Replace with Horsegram andCowpea

Linkage withNFSM for seedsupply.

Medium –Heavy soils

Cotton Replace with Sunflower

Redgram No change Adopt reduced rowspacing 180 cm to 120cm

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Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought (Normalonset)



Crop management Soil nutrient &moisture conservationmeasures

Remarks onImplementation

Normal onsetfollowed by 15-20days dry spellafter sowingleading to poorgermination/cropstand etc.


Cotton Gap filling to be done by potwatering 7- 10 days aftersowing if crop stand is poor

Intercultivation

Redgram, Castor, Greengram

Medium – Heavysoils

Cotton Gap filling to be done by potwatering 7- 10 days aftersowing if crop stand is poor

Redgram (sole crop)

Greengram - -

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMid seasondrought (long dryspell, consecutive 2weeks rainless(>2.5 mm) period)





At vegetative stageShallow Red-Chalka Soils

Cotton Sucking pest (Jassid)management with stemapplication of insecticides 1:4or 1:20(Imidacloprid)

1. Interculture2. Spray 2 % ureasolution or 1 % watersoluble fertilizers like19-19-19 / 20-20-20/21-21-21

Redgram (sole crop) Intercultivation

Spray 2 % urea solutionor 1 % water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19/ 20-20-20/ 21-21-21

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Castor Adopt nipping to allowmain spike to develop

Intercultivation


Greengarm Spray 2 % urea solutionor 1 % water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19/ 20-20-20/ 21-21-21


Cotton Sucking pest managementwith stem application

Intercultivation


Redgram (sole crop) Intercultivation


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Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMid seasondrought (long dryspell)





At reproductivestage


Cotton Sucking pest management withstem application

35 kg urea + 15 kgMOP as top dressingIntercultivation to createsoil mulch to conservemoisture. GiveSupplemental irrigation(5cm) if available

Introduce farmponds (NREGA)to store rain water.Recycle storedwater through lowlift pumps.

Redgram Leaf roller and Maruca - sprayChlorpyriphos @ 2.5 ml +Dichlorvos @ 1 ml per litre ofwater

--

Castor Nipping of auxiliary buds toallow the main spike to mature

Intercultivation

Foliar spray of urea 2 %or KNO3 1% or otherwater soluble fertilizers1 % to supplementnutrition

Greengarm - Spray urea - 2 % orKNO3 1% or otherwater soluble fertilizers1 % to supplementnutrition


Cotton, Redgram - Intercultivation

Spray urea - 2 % orKNO3 1% or otherwater soluble fertilizers1 % to supplementnutrition

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Condition Suggested Contingency measuresTerminal drought Major Farming

situationNormal Crop/croppingsystem

Crop management Rabi Crop planning Remarks onImplementation


Cotton, Redgram Topping to prevent formationof new vegetative andreproductive flush


Castor Nipping of axiliary buds toallow the main spike to mature

Foliar spray of urea 2 %or KNO3 1% or otherwater soluble fertilizers1 % to supplementnutrition

Greengram Select the varieties with shortduration if terminal drought isa common phenomenon in theregion (LGG-460, MGG-348)



Cotton, Redgram Topping to prevent formationof new vegetative andreproductive flush

Supplemental irrigation ifavailable


2.1.2 Irrigated situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajor Farmingsituation




Delayed release ofwater in canals dueto low rainfall

Red Soils/BlackSoils – Canalirrigated (NSPCommand)

Paddy Greengram - Rice Greengram preceding rice.

Cultivate medium andshort duration varietieslike Tellahamsa, JGL-384,MTU-1010 and IR-64.

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Transplant aged seedlingwith recommendedmanagement practices ofaged seedlings.



Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Limited release ofwater in canalsdue to low rainfall

Red Soils/BlackSoils – Canalirrigated (NSPCommand

Green manure - Rice 1. No change (or)2. Greengram /Sunflower



Change incrop/cropping system


Non release ofwater in canalsunder delayedonset of monsoonin catchment

Red Soils/BlackSoils – Canalirrigated (NSPCommand

Green manure - Rice Rainfed crops like,Jowar, Bajra, Ragi,castor Sunflower andfodder

If Green manure crops sown itshould be incorporated in tothe soil





Lack of inflowsinto tanks due toinsufficient/delayed onset ofmonsoon

Red Soils/BlackSoils – Canalirrigated (NSPCommand)

Rice Greengram - Rice 1. Greengram precedingrice.2.Medium and shortduration varieties likeTellahamsa, JGL-384,MTU-1010 and IR-64.3. Transplant aged seedling

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with recommendedmanagement practices ofaged seedlings.4. Direct seeding with shortand medium durationvarieties.





Insufficientgroundwaterrecharge due tolow rainfall

Red chalka soil (noncommand)

Rice (bore well) Rainfed crops likeGreengram, Jowar, Catorcrops

2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)

Condition - Continuous high rainfall in a short span leading to water logging (or) high speed winds in a short span

Crop Suggested contingency measure at different stages of crop

Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest

Rice 1. Drain excess water asearly as possible2. Apply 10 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water3. Take up gap filling either withavailable nursery or by splitting thetillers from the surviving hills4. Take up weed controlMeasures5. Take up suitable plant protectionmeasures

1. Drain excess water asearly as possible2. Apply 10 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water3. Take up suitable plant protectionmeasures in anticipation of pest &

disease out breaks(Spray COC 3 g/lor mancozeb 2.5g/l to avoidincidence of false smut)

1. Drain excess water asearly as possible2. Take up suitable plantprotection measures inanticipation of pest &disease out breaks(SparyHexaconazole 2ml/l orCarbendazim 1 g/l to avoidbrown spot or graindiscolouration) (SparyHexaconazole 2ml/l orCarbendazim 1 g/l to avoidbrown spot or graindiscolouration)

1. Drain out water andspread sheaves loosely infield or field bunds wherethere is no water stagnation2. Spray common salt at 3%on panicles to preventgermination and spoilage ofstraw from fungus3. Thresh after drying thesheaves properly4. Ensure proper grainmoisture (Specify %) beforestoring

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Cotton 1. Drain the excess water asearly as possible2. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water3. Take up inter cultivation at optimumsoil moisture condition to loosen andaerate the soil and to control weeds4. To spray KNO3 1 % or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to support nutrition5. Spray fungicides like Copper oxychloride 0.3 % or Carbendazim 0.1 % orMancozeb 0.25% two to three times byrotating the chemicals6. Take up timely control measuresagainst the out break of pests likeSpodoptera, Helicoverpa etc.

1. Drain the excess water asearly as possible2. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water3. To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition4. Spray fungicides like copper oxychloride 0.3 % or carbendazim 0.1% or mancozeb 0.25% two to threetimes by rotating the chemicals5. Take up timely control measuresagainst the out break of pests likeSpodoptera, Helicoverpa etc.

1. Drain the excess water asearly as possible2. Spray KNO3 1 % orwater soluble fertilizers like19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to support nutrition3. Spray fungicides likeCopper oxy chloride 0.3 %or Carbendazim 0.1 % orMancozeb 0.25% two tothree times by rotating thechemicals4. Take up timely controlmeasures against the outbreak of pests likeSpodoptera, Helicoverpa etc.

1. Dry the produce properlybefore packing and sendingto market

Redgram 1. Drain excess water asearly as possible2. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water3. Take up inter cultivation at optimummoisture condition to loosen and aeratethe soil and to control weeds4. To spray KNO3 1 % or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to support nutrition

2. Lift the lodged plants if any and firmup the soil around the base of the stem3. Apply 4-5 kg N /acreafter draining excess water

1. Drain excess water asearly as possible2. To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition3. Take up timely control measuresagainst the out break of pests likeSpodoptera, Helicoverpa etc.

4. Lift the lodged plants if any andfirm up the soil around the base ofthe stem5. Apply 4-5 kg N /acreafter draining excess water

1. Drain excess water asearly as possible2. Allow the crop to drycompletely before harvesting

2. Harvest the crop as soonas the field condition permitsand transport to drying floor

1. Spread the bundlesdrenched in rain on fieldbunds or drying floors toquicken the drying2. Thresh the bundles afterthey are dried properly3. Dry the grain to propermoisture per cent beforebagging and storing toprevent deterioration inquality during storage

Castor 1. Drain excess water as 1. Drain excess water as 1. Drain excess water as 1. Spread the harvested

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early as possible2. Apply 20 kg of N and 10 Kg of K/acreafter draining excess water3. To spray KNO3 1 % or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to support nutrition4. Spray fungicide Carbendazim 0.1 %two to three times.5. Take up timely control measuresagainst the out break of pests likeSpodoptera etc.

early as possible2. Apply 20 kg of N and 10 Kg ofK /acreafter draining excess water3. To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition4. Spray fungicide Carbendazim 0.1% two to three times.5. Take up timely control measuresagainst the out break of pests likeSpodoptera etc.

early as possible2. Allow the crop to drycompletely before harvesting3. Spray fungicideCarbendazim 0.1 %

capsule heaps drenched inrain on drying floors toquicken the drying2. Dry the capsules properlyto proper moisture per centbefore bagging and storing toprevent deterioration inquality during storage

Greengram 1. Drain the excess water asearly as possible2. Apply 4-5 kg N /acreafter draining excess water3. To spray KNO3 1 % or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to support nutrition5. Spray fungicides like Copper oxychloride 0.3 % or Carbendazim 0.1 % orMancozeb 0.25% two to three times byrotating the chemicals6. Take up timely control measuresagainst the out break of pests likeSpodoptera etc.

-do- 1. Drain excess water asearly as possible2. Allow the crop to drycompletely before harvesting

1. Spread the bundlesdrenched in rain on fieldbunds or drying floors toquicken the drying2. Thresh the bundles afterthey are dried properly3. Dry the grain to propermoisture per cent beforebagging and storing toprevent deterioration inquality during storage

Horticulture crops - Fruits

Orange&Batavian

Drain the excess water as soon aspossible.

Spray 1% KNO3 or Urea 2%solution 2-3 times.

Foliar spray of micronutrientmixture is also to be taken up.

Sand casting around the tree trunks

Drain the excess water as soonas possible.



Sand casting around the tree

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should be removed up to the collarregion of the tree to prevent fungalinfections.

If the tree age is above eight years abooster dose of 500 g of Urea and750 g MOP per tree should beapplied.

Wind damaged branches should bepruned using disinfected secaeturesand cut endsmust be smeared withBordeaux paste

trunks should be removed up tothe collar region of the tree toprevent fungal infections.

If the tree age is above eightyears a booster dose of 500 gof Urea and 750 g MOP pertree should be applied.

Mango Drain the excess water as soon aspossible


Wind damaged branches should bepruned using disinfected secaeturesand cut endsmust be smeared withBordeaux paste

Drain the excess water as soonas possible


lemon Drain the excess water as soon aspossible.



Sand casting around the tree trunksshould be removed up to the collarregion of the tree to prevent fungalinfections.

If the tree age is above eight years abooster dose of 500 g of Urea and750 g MOP per tree should beapplied.

Wind damaged branches should bepruned using disinfected secaeturesand cut endsmust be smeared with




Sand casting around the treetrunks should be removed up tothe collar region of the tree toprevent fungal infections.

If the tree age is above eightyears a booster dose of 500 gof Urea and 750 g MOP pertree should be applied.

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Bordeaux paste

Horticultural crops - Vegetables

Bhendi Drain the excess water as soon aspossible

Spray Urea 2% solution 2-3 times.

Topdressing of booster dose of 12 kgMOP + 30 kg Urea per acre as soonas possible.

Gap filling may be taken up if theplants are two weeks old and sowingwindow is still available for the crop.

In case of severe damage (consideredas complete economical loss), andthe contingency period is betweenJune to August, sowing of bestalternative crop must be taken up.

Intercultivate the soil with gorru forbetter aeration

Spray ferrous sulphate 20g + citricacid 5g in 10 lit of water twice atweekly intervals

Drain the excess water as soon aspossible


Topdressing of booster dose of 12kg MOP + 30 kg Urea per acre assoon as possible.

Drain the excesswater as soon aspossible

Spray Urea 2%solution once.

Drain the excess water assoon as possible.

Harvest the matureproduce as soon aspossible.

Store the produce in wellventilated placetemporarily before it canbe marketed.

Market the produce assoon as possible.

Outbreak of pests and diseases due to unseasonal rains

Crop Suggested contingency measure

Rice Stem rot and Sheath blight - need basedplant protection measures to be initiatedbased on incidence levels

BPH, Blast, Sheath blight incidencemay increase due to unseasonal rains- need based plant protectionmeasures to be taken up

Climbing cutworm andneck blast can occur

Discoloration of grain due tofungal incidence, properdrying recommended.

Cotton Jassids, Wilt and root rot, Bacterial leafblight - Need based plant protectionmeasures to be initiated

Jassids, Spodoptera, Wilt and rootrot, Bacterial leaf blight, Greymildew - Need based plantprotection measures to be taken up

Dusky cotton bug, Greymildew - Need basedplant protectionmeasures to be taken up

Dry the seed cotton properlyafter picking and store it undershade in aerated place

Redgram Wilt and root rot - Need based plantprotection measures to be initiated

Wilt and root rot. Need based plantprotection measures to be taken up

Wilt and root rot. Needbased plant protectionmeasures to be taken up

Dry the grain to optimum seedmoisture content (8 %) toavoid damage in storage

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Castor Jassids, wilt, Bihar hairy caterpillar, Castorsemi looper , and spodoptera – - Needbased plant protection measures to beinitiated

Botrytis, Wilt, Bihar hairycaterpillar, Castor grey rot, semilooper, capsule borer andSpodoptera - Need based plantprotection measures to be taken up

Grey rot, Capsule borer,Botrytis, and wilt- Needbased plant protectionmeasures to be taken up

Dry the capsule to optimummoisture content (9-10 %) toavoid damage in storage

Greengram Spodoptera - Need based plant protectionmeasures to be initiated

Spodoptera, Leaf spots, Powderymildew - Need based plantprotection measures to be taken up

Spodoptera, Rust - Needbased plant protectionmeasures to be taken up

Dry the grain to optimum seedmoisture content (8 %) toavoid damage in storage

2.3 Floods

Condition Transient water logging/ partial inundation1 (or) Continuous submergence for more than 2 days

Suggested contingency measureo

Crop Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Rice 1. Drain out excess water at the earliest2. Apply booster dose of 0.2 kg N/40sq. m3. Spray micronutrients like Zn, Fe twoto three times at 4 -5 days interval4. Takeup proper weed controlmeasures

1. Drain out excess water at theearliest2. Take up gap filling either withavailable nursery or by splittingthe tillers from the surviving hills3.Apply a booster dose of 20 kgN/acre4. Spray ZnSO4 0.2 % if it is lessthan 45 days after transplanting5. Takeup need based plantprotection measures

1. Drain out excess water atthe earliest2. Takeup need based plantprotection measures

1. Drain out water.2.Spread sheaves loosely infield or field bunds wherethere is no water stagnation3. Spray common salt at 3%on panicles to preventgermination and spoilage ofstraw from moulds4. Thresh after drying thesheaves properly5. Ensure proper grainmoisture before storing

Cotton Drain the excess water as early aspossible in black soils

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /ha afterdraining excess water

Take up inter cultivation at optimumsoil moisture condition to loosenand aerate the soil and to controlweeds

Drain the excess water as earlyas possible

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /haafter draining excess water

To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19,20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% tosupport nutrition

Drain the excess water as

early as possible

To spray KNO3 1 % orwater soluble fertilizerslike 19-19-19, 20-20-20,21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition

Spray fungicides like

Dry the produce properlybefore baling and sendingto market

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To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to supportnutrition

Spray fungicides like Copper oxychloride 0.3 % or Carbendazim 0.1% or Mancozeb 0.25% two to threetimes by rotating the chemicals

Take up timely control measuresagainst sucking pests

Spray fungicides like Copperoxy chloride 0.3 % orCarbendazim 0.1 % orMancozeb 0.25% two to threetimes by rotating the chemicalsto control Bacterial leaf blight,wilt alternaria leaf spot andgrey mildew

Take up timely controlmeasures against sucking petsand bollworms.

Copper oxy chloride 0.3 %or Carbendazim 0.1 % orMancozeb 0.25% againstboll not.

Take up timely controlmeasures againstbollworms and whitefly

Redgram Drain the excess water as early aspossible

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acre afterdraining excess water

Take up inter cultivation at optimumsoil moisture status to loosen andaerate the soil and to control weeds

To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition

Drain the excess water as earlyas possible

To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19,20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% tosupport nutrition

Take up timely controlmeasures against possibleoutbreak of pod borer complex,maruca , Helicovera etc.

Drain the excess water asearly as possible

Allow the crop to drycompletely beforeharvesting

Spread the bundlesdrenched in rain on fieldbunds or drying floors toquicken the drying

Thresh the bundles afterthey are dried properly

Dry the grain to propermoisture per cent beforebagging and storing toprevent deterioration inquality during storage

Castor 1. Drain out excess water at the earliest2. Inter cultivate at optimum fieldmoisture condition3. Apply 20 kg N/acre after drainingexcess water

1. Drain out excess water at theearliest2. Inter cultivate at optimum fieldmoisture condition3. Apply 20 kg N/acre afterdraining excess water

1. Drain out excess water atthe earliest2. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possiblepests and disease incidence

1. Drain out excess water atthe earliest2. Harvest the crop when thefield condition permits3. Drying of capsules shouldbe done on elevated placeslike filed bunds or dryingfloors

Greengram 1. Drain out excess water at the earliest2. Takeup the gap filling at the earliest3. Takeup weed control either

1. Drain out excess water at theearliest2. Takeup weed control either

1. Drain out excess water atthe earliest2. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre after

1. Drain out excess water atthe earliest2. Harvest the crop after the

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mechanically or through weedicides4. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre after drainingexcess water5. Take up plant protection measuresagainst possible pests and diseaseincidence

mechanically or throughweedicides3. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre afterdraining excess water4. To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19,20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% tosupport nutrition5. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possible pestsand disease incidence

draining excess water3. To spray KNO3 1 % orwater soluble fertilizers like19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to support nutrition4. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possiblepest and disease incidence

fields are dried up

Horticulture crops - FruitsOrange &Batavian

Drain the excess water as soon aspossible.


Plant protection measures may betaken for control of insect vectorsand diseases.




Sand casting around the treetrunks should be removed up tothe collar region of the tree toprevent fungal infections.

If the tree age is above eightyears a booster dose of 500 g ofUrea and 750 g MOP per treeshould be applied.


Spray 1% KNO3 or Urea2% solution 2-3 times.

Foliar spray ofmicronutrient mixture isalso to be taken up.

Sand casting around thetree trunks should beremoved up to the collarregion of the tree toprevent fungalinfections.

If the tree age is aboveeight years a boosterdose of 500 g of Ureaand 750 g MOP per treeshould be applied.

Drain the excess wateras soon as possible.

Harvest the maturefruits as soon aspossible.

Store the fruits in wellventilated placetemporarily before itcan be marketed.

Market the fruits assoon as possible.

Mango -do-Lemon

Horticulture vegetables

Bhendi Drain the excess water as soonas possible

Spray Urea 2% solution 2-3times.

Drain the excess water assoon as possible

Spray Urea 2% solutiononce.

Drain the excess wateras soon as possible.

Harvest the matureproduce as soon as

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Topdressing of booster dose of10 kg MOP + 30 kg Urea peracre as soon as possible.

Gap filling may be taken up ifthe plants are two weeks oldand sowing window is stillavailable for the crop.

In case of severe damage(considered as completeeconomical loss), and thecontingency period is betweenJune to August, go for resowing

possible.

Store the produce inwell ventilated placetemporarily before itcan be marketed.

Market the produce assoon as possible.

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2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone

Extreme eventtype

Suggested contingency measure

Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Cold wave

Paddy (Rabi) 1. Apply Phosphorusfertilizer in the form

as SSP to nursery bed.2. Water management – Letoff water during evenings andirrigate during morning hours3. Cover the nursery withPolythene sheet during nighthours.

1. Apply Phosphorus fertilizer in theform as SSP to main field.2. Apply 20 Kg ZnSo4 per acre and ifdeficiency noticed foliar application of0.2% ZnSo4 2-3 times at weeklyintervals.3. Water management – Let off waterduring evenings and irrigate duringmorning hours.

---- ----

Cyclone

Rice 1. To drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Apply booster dose of 0.2kg N/40 sq. m3. Spray micronutrients likeZn, Fe 2-3 times at 4 -5 daysinterval4. Take up weed control.

1. To drain out the excess water at theearliest2.Apply booster dose of 20 kg N/Acre3. Spray ZnSO4 0.2 % if it is less than45 days after transplanting4. Takeup need based plant protectionmeasures

1. To drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Takeup need based plantprotection measures3. Lodged plants to be lifted andtied together to make them erect

1. Drain out water spreadsheaves loosely in field orfield bunds where there is nowater stagnation2. Spray common salt at 3%to prevent germination of seedand spoilage of straw frommoulds3. Thresh after drying thesheaves properly4. Ensure proper grainmoisture before storing

Cotton 1. To drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Inter cultivate at optimumfield moisture condition3. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K/acre after draining excesswater

1. To drain out excess water at theearliest2. Inter cultivate at optimum fieldmoisture condition3. Earhting up to be done to provideanchorage to plants4. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acre afterdraining excess water

1. To drain out excess water atthe earliest2. To spray KNO3 @1 % orwater soluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @1% to support nutrition3. Earhting up to be done toprovide anchorage to plants

1. Kapas picking should bedone carefully to preventadmixtures with waste plantmaterial

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5. To spray KNO3@1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to support nutrition6. Spray of micronutrients two times at7-10 days interval7. Take up plant protection measuresagainst possible pests and diseaseincidence

4. Spray of micronutrients twotimes at 7-10 days interval5. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possible pestsand disease incidence

Redgram 1. To drain out excess waterat the earliest2. Inter cultivate at optimumfield moisture condition3. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre afterdraining excess water

1. To drain out excess water at theearliest2. Inter cultivate at optimum fieldmoisture condition3. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre after drainingexcess water

1. To drain out excess water atthe earliest2. To spray KNO3@ 1 % orwater soluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @1% to support nutrition3. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possible pestsand disease incidence

1. To drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Harvest the crop when thefield condition permits3. Drying of bundles should bedone on elevated places likefiled bunds or drying floors

Castor 1. To drain out excess waterat the earliest2. Inter cultivate at optimumfield moisture condition3. Apply 20 kg N and 10 KgMOP /acre after drainingexcess water

1. To drain out excess water at theearliest2. Inter cultivate at optimum fieldmoisture condition3. Apply 20 kg N and 10 Kg of MOP/acre after draining excess water

1. To drain out excess water atthe earliest2. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possible pestsand disease incidence

1. To drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Harvest the crop when thefield condition permits3. Drying of capsules shouldbe done on elevated places likefiled bunds or drying floors

Greengram 1. To drain out excess waterat the earliest2. Takeup weed control eithermechanically or throughweedicides3. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre afterdraining excess water

1. To drain out excess water at theearliest2. Takeup weed control eithermechanically or through weedicides3. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre after drainingexcess water4. To spray KNO3 @1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to support nutrition5. Take up plant protection measuresagainst possible pests and diseaseincidence

1. To drain out excess water atthe earliest2. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre afterdraining excess water3. To spray KNO3 @1 % orwater soluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @1% to support nutrition4. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possible pestsand disease incidence

1. Drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Harvest the crop after thefields are dried up

Horticulture crops - Fruits

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Orange &Batavian

If the damage is severe,go for resowing.

Tress fallen on ground may belifted and earthed up

Manuring and plant protectionmeasures have to be taken up.

Broken and damaged branchesmay be pruned and applied withBordeaux paste

Tress fallen on groundmay be lifted and earthedup

Manuring and plantprotection measures haveto be taken up.

Broken and damagedbranches may be prunedand applied withBordeaux paste


Harvest the mature fruits assoon as possible.

Collect the fallen fruits andsell immediately or go forpreparation of processedproducts.

If to store, store the producein well ventilated placetemporarily before it can bemarketed.

Broken and damagedbranches may be pruned andapplied with Bordeaux paste

Mango -do-Lemon

Horticulture crops - vegetables

Bhendi Drain the excess water as soon aspossible


Topdressing of booster dose of 12 kgMOP + 30 kg Urea per acre as soonas possible.

Gap filling may be taken up if theplants are two weeks old and sowingwindow is still available for the crop.

In case of severe damage (consideredas complete economical loss), andthe contingency period is betweenJune to August, sowing of bestalternative crop must be taken up.

Intercultivate the soil with gorru forbetter aeration

Spray ferrous sulphate 20g + citricacid 5g in 10 lit of water twice at

Drain the excess water assoon as possible

Spray Urea 2% solution 2-3times.

Topdressing of booster doseof 12 kg MOP + 30 kg Ureaper acre as soon as possible.

Spray ferrous sulphate 20g+ citric acid 5g in 10 lit ofwater twice at weeklyintervals


Harvest the matureproduce as soon aspossible.

Store the produce in wellventilated placetemporarily before it canbe marketed.

Market the produce assoon as possible

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weekly intervals

2.5 Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries

2.5.1 Livestock

General contingency measures

Before the event During the event After the event

Feed and fodder availability

1.Conserving fodder/crop residues/ forest grass by silage /hay making either by individual or on community basis

2. Preparing complete diets and storing in strategiclocations

3. Organize procurement of dry fodders / feed ingredientsfrom surplus areas

4. Establish fodder banks and feed banks

5. Livestock relief camps during floods/cyclones must beplanned in the vicinity of relief camps for people

6. Capacity building and preparedness

1.Organise relief camps 2.Supply silage / hay tofarmers with productive stock on subsidizedrates

3.Segregate old, weak and unproductive stock andsend for slaughter

4. Supply mineral mixture to avoid deficiencies

5. Dry fodder must be offered to the livestock inlittle quantities for number of times

6.Concentrate feed or complete feed must beoffered to only productive and young stock only

1. Capacity building to stake holders ondrought /cyclone/flood mitigation inlivestock sector

2. Promote fodder cultivation.

3. Flushing the stock to recoup

4. Avoid soaked and mould infected feeds /fodders to livestock

5. Replenish the feed and fodder banks

6.Promote fodder preservation techniqueslike silage / hay making

Drinking water

1.Construct drinking water tanks in herding places, village

junctions and in relief camp locations

2.Plan for sufficient number of tanks for watertransportation

3.Identify bore wells, which can sustain demand.

4.Procure sufficient quantities of water Sanitizers

1.Regular supply of clean drinking water to alltanks 2.Cleaning the tanks in regular intervals

3.Keep the livestock away from contaminatedflood/cyclone/stagnated waters

3.Add water sanitizers

1.Hand over the maintenance of thestructures to panchayats

2.Sensitize the farming community aboutimportance of clean drinking water

Health and disease Management

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1.Procure and stock emergency medicines and vaccinesfor important endemic diseases of the area

2. All the stock must be immunized for endemic diseasesof the area

3. Carry out deworming to all young stock

4. Keep stock of bleaching powder and lime

5.Carry out Butax spray for control of external parasites

6.Identify the Clinical staff and trained paravets and indentfor their services as per schedules

7.Identify the volunteers who can serve in need of

emergency

1.Keep close watch on the health of the stock

2.Sick animals must be isolated and treatedSeparately.

3. Carry out deworming and spraying to allanimals entering into relief camps

4. Clean the animal houses regularly and applydisinfectants.

5.Safe and hygienic disposal of dead animalcarcasses

6. Organize with community daily lifting of dungfrom relief camps

1.keep close surveillance on diseaseoutbreak.

2.Undertake the vaccination depending onneed

3.Keep the animal houses clean and spraydisinfectants

2.5.1 Detailed Contingent strategies for Livestock

Suggested contingency measures


Drought

Feed and

Fodder

availability

Establishment of silvi-pastoral system in CPRs withStylosanthus hamata and Cenchrus ciliaris as grasswith Leucaena leucocephala as tree component

Top dressing of N in 2-3 split doses @ 20-25 kg N/hain common property resources (CPRs) like templelands, panchyat lands or private property resources(PPRs) like waste and degraded lands with themonsoon pattern for higher biomass production

Promote cultivation of short duration fodder crops of

Harvest and use biomass of dried up crops (Paddy,groundnut, greengram, jowar, bajra, ragi andhorsegram) material as fodder.

Harvest the tree fodder (Neem, Subabul, Acasia,Pipal etc) and unconventional feeds resourcesavailable and use as fodder for livestock (LS).

Available feed and fodder should be cut from CPRsand stall fed in order to reduce the energyrequirements of the animals

Concentratessupplementationshould be providedto all the animals.

The farmers may beadvised to practice“flushing the stock”to recoup

Short duration

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sorghum/bajra/maize(UP chari, MP chari, HC-136,HD-2, GAINT BAJRA, L-74, K-677, Ananad/AfricanTall, Kisan composite, Moti, Manjari, B1-7 and alsosunhemp

Chopping of fodder should be made as mandatory inevery village through supply and establishment of goodquality chaff cutters.

Harvesting and collection of perennial vegetationparticularly grasses which grow during monsoon

Proper drying, bailing and densification of harvestedgrass from previous season

Creation of permanent fodder, feed and fodder seedbanks in all drought prone villages

UMMB, hay, concentrates and vitamin & mineralmixture should be transported to the needy areasfrom the reserves at the district level initially andlatter stages from the near by districts. Hay shouldbe enriched with 2% Urea molasses solution or 1%common salt solution and fed to LS

Herd should be split and supplementation should begiven only to the highly productive and breedinganimals

Provision of emergency grazing/feeding (Cow-calfcamps or other special arrangements to protect highproductive & breeding stock)

Motivate the farmers to mix the dry fodder withavailable kitchen waste or groundnut haulms whilefeeding

Arrangements should be made for mobilization ofsmall ruminants across the villages where nodrought exits with subsidized road/railtransportation and temporary shelter provision forthe shepherds

Unproductive livestock should to be culled duringsevere drought

Create transportation and marketing facilities forthe culled and unproductive animals

Supply silage and or hay on subsidized rates to thefarmers having high productive stock

Subsidized loans should be provided to thelivestock keepers

fodder crops ofshould be sown inunsown and cropfailed areas whereno further routinecrop sowing is notpossible

Supply of qualityseeds of foddervarieties andmotivating thefarmers to cultivateat least 10% of theirland holding forfodder production

Health and

Disease

management

List out the endemic diseases (species wise) in thatdistrict and store vaccines for those diseases

Timely vaccination (as per enclosed vaccination

Constitution of Rapid Action Veterinary Force

Procurement of emergency medicines and medicalkits

Conducting massanimal health camps

Conducting fertility

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schedule) against all endemic diseases

Surveillance and disease monitoring network to beestablished at Joint Director (Animal Husbandry)office in the district

Performing ring vaccination (8 km radius) in caseof any outbreak

Restricting movement of livestock in case of anyepidemic Close observation of animals for heatsymptoms

camps

Mass dewormingcamps

Insurance Encouraging insurance of livestock Listing out the details of the dead animals Submission forinsurance claim andavailing insurancebenefit

Purchase of newproductive animals

Drinking water Identification of water resources

Rain water harvesting and create water bodies/wateringpoints (when water is scarce use only as drinkingwater for animals)

Restrict wallowing of animals in waterbodies/resources

Bleach (0.1%)drinking water /water sources

Provide cleandrinking water

Vaccination programme for cattle and buffalo:

Disease Age and season at vaccination

Anthrax In endemic areas only, Feb to May

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) May to June

Black quarter (BQ) May to June

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Foot and mouth disease (FMD) July/August and November/December

Vaccination schedule in small ruminants (Sheep & Goat)

Disease Season

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) Preferably in winter / autumn

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Preferably in January

Black quarter (BQ) May / June

Enterotoxaemia (ET) May

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) March / June

Sheep pox (SP) November

2.5.2 Poultry



Drought

Shortage of feed ingredients Storing of house hold grain like maize,broken rice, bajra etc, in to use as feed incase of severe drought

Supplementation only for productive birds withhouse hold grain

Supplementation of shell grit (calcium) forlaying birds

Culling of weak birds

Supplementation to all survived birds

Drinking water Use water sanitizer or cool drinking water

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Health and diseasemanagement

Culling of sick birds.

Deworming and vaccination against RDand fowl pox

Mixing of Vit. A,D,E, K and B-complexincluding vit C in drinking water (5ml in one litrewater)

Hygienic and sanitation of poultry house

Disposal of dead birds by burning /burying with lime powder in pit

2.5.1 Fisheries/ Aquaculture



1) Drought

A. CaptureInland

(i) Shallow water depth due toinsufficient rains/inflow

Stocking of advnced fingerlings in halfor even less than the normal stockingdensity or stocking of common carpseed

Immediate harvesting or decreasingthe density commensurate with thewater quantity.

De weeding and deepening of tank toensure retention of water for a longerperiod and provision of employmentunder MGNREGP

(ii) Changes in water quality Regular monitoring of water qualityparameters and application of geolites,soil probiotics, etc to maintain waterqaulity

Immediate harvesting or changingthe water quality by application ofsanitisers.

Removal of top layer, deep ploughingof tank and application of lime

B. Aquaculture(i) Shallow water in ponds due toinsufficient rains/inflow

Crop holiday or going for stocking ofyearlings by reducing the densityaccording to availability of water

Harvesting of fish and leaving thepond fallow till next season

Removal of top layer, deep ploughingof tank and application of lime

(ii) Impact of salt load build up inponds / change in water quality

Stocking of salinity tolerant fish /shrimp, application of geolites andother buffers

Frenquent change of water withfresh water

Frequent draining of the pond withfresh water, removal of top layers

2) Floods

A. CaptureInland

(i) Average compensation paid dueto loss of human life

Shifting the people from low lyingareas to relief camps

Deployment of specially trainedpersons for rescue operations byproviding life bouys, jackets, ropes,boats, etc

Payment sufficient ex-gratia to thefamilies

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(ii) No. of boats / nets/damaged Shifting and relocating boats and netsto safer places when warnings areissued, to avoid fishing, etc

Shifting and relocating boats andnets to safer places

Assessment of damages to boats andnets and provision of boats and netsfor restoration of livelihoods

(iii) No.of houses damaged Avoidance of construction of housesin flood prone ares, construction ofpucca houses at elevated places,

Shifting of people by relief boats tothe relief camps

Assessment of damages to houses andprovision of compensation in case ofpartial damage and sanction houseunder existing schemes

(iv) Loss of stock Avoidance of surface species like catla,silver carp since they are vulnerable intanks prone to floods, erection of netsacross the spill way or just beyond it

Erection of nets at spill ways Taking up compensatory stocking

(v) Changes in water quality When dissolved oxygen levels godown, aerators, recirculation ofwater, etc are to be attempted tomaintain DO levels, going forpartial harvest, etc

(vi) Health and diseases Sometimes there may be heavyaccumulation of nutrients and organicmatter.

There may be break out ofHeamorrhagic septicimea. Additionof antibiotics like Chloro TetraCycline or Oxy Tetra Cycline to thefeed to constrol the disease

Removal of weeds, top layer of soil,deep ploughing of tank andapplication of lime, exposing to sunlight

B. Aquaculture

(i) Inundation with flood water Raising and rivetting the bunds,construction of spill way to releaseexcess water, erection of nets to avoidescape of fish

Continuous pumping of excesswater, erection of nets low lyingareas

Strengthening of bunds, excavatingchannels along the sides of the pondsfor free escape of water

(ii) Water continuation and changesin water quality

When dissolved oxygen levels godown, aerators, recirculation ofwater, etc are to be attempted tomaintain DO levels, going forpartial harvest, etc

(iii) Health and diseases Sometimes there may be heavyaccumulation of nutrients and organicmatter.

There may be break out ofHeamorrhagic septicimea. Additionof antibiotics like Chloro TetraCycline or Oxy Tetra Cycline to thefeed to constrol the disease

Removal of weeds, top layer of soil,deep ploughing of tank andapplication of lime, exposing to sunlight

(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed, Advance erection of nets, strengthening Suspension of feeding, application Compensatory stocking, assessment

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chemicals etc) of bunds where they are prone tobreaches, harvesting or reducing thedensity

of organic manures of values and payment of subsidy oninputs

(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps,aerators, huts etc)

Insuring pond, accessories, etc.,Shifting of aerators, pumps soon afterwarnigs are issued

Relocating pumps, aerators toelevated places

Assessment of damages and provisionof them on subsidy

4. Heat wave and cold wave

A. Capture

Inland Monitoring dissolved oxygen levels Monitoring dissolved oxygen levels No intervention

B. Aquaculture

(i) Changes in pond environment(water quality)

Reduction of biomass by partial harvestin the event of heat as the DO levelswill be very low.

Avoidance of fishing Compensatory stocking of seed andrestoration of all physical andchemical parameters

(ii) Health and Disease management Removal of stress causing factors tomaintain the health of the animal

Removal of stress causing factors tomaintain the health of the animal

Compensatory stocking of seed andrestoration of all physical andchemical parameters

State: ANDHRA PRADESH Agriculture Contingency Plan for ...

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