Pengenalan Standardisasi

Sofyan Djamil

Fakultas TeknikProgram Studi Teknik Industri

Untuk pengenalan jenis baja lebih luas biasanya melalui standardisasi yang telah ada, sabagai contoh ASTM, SAE, AISI, JIS, ISO, BS, DIN,NF dll. Mengingat begitu banyaknya standardisasi yang ada, maka pada uraian dibawah ini hanya memberikan beberapa gambaran standardisasi baja yang biasa dipakai di industri untuk pengenalan antara lain:

SAE-AISI (Society of Automotive Engineering - American Iron and Steel Institute)

JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard)

SAE-AISI (Society of Automotive Engineering - American Iron and Steel Institutes

SAE mengklasifikasi baja dengan digit, 10XX untuk baja karbon, dimana angka 10 menunjukkan dlam baja tersebut tidak ada paduan. Sedangkan angka terakhir, contohnya SAE 1040, dimana 40 mengambarkan kandungan karbon 0,40%. Untuk baja paduan dengan nomor digit 2XXX, 3XXX, 4XXX dan seterusnya.

The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) telah bekerja sama dengan the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) merivisi system penomoran dengan menambahkan hurup akhir yang menunjukkan metode pembuatan baja.

A = alloy, basic open hearthB = carbon, acid BessemerC = carbon, basic open hearthD = carbon, acid open hearthE = electric furnace

CONTOH: AISI C1050 adalah plain carbon, basic-open hearth steel tmengandung 0.50 % Carbon content.

Simbul lain adalah the hardenability or H-value. contoh: 4340H

Sistim penomoran menurut SAE-AISI

SAE – AISI Number

Classification

1XXX Carbon steelsLow carbon steels: 0 to 0.25 % CMedium carbon steels: 0.25 to 0.55 % CHigh carbon steels: Above 0.55 % Carbon

2XXX Nickel steels5 % Nickel increases the tensile strength without reducing ductility.8 to 12 % Nickel increases the resistance to low temperature impact15 to 25 % Nickel (along with Al, Cu and Co) develop high magnetic properties. (Alnicometals)25 to 35 % Nickel create resistance to corrosion at elevated temperatures.

3XXX Nickel-chromium steelsThese steels are tough and ductile and exhibit high wear resistance , hardenability and high resistance to corrosion.

4XXX Molybdenum steelsMolybdenum is a strong carbide former. It has a strong effect on hardenability and high temperature hardness. Molybdenum also increases the tensile strength of low carbon steels.

5XXX Chromium steelsChromium is a ferrite strengthener in low carbon steels. It increases the core toughness and the wear resistnace of the case in carburized steels.

86XX87XX93XX94XX97XX98XX

Triple Alloy steels which include Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), and Molybdenum (Mo).These steels exhibit high strength and also high strength to weight ratio, good corrosion resistance. 

Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS).

Pada keterangan dibawah penomoran standard menurut JIS: JIS G 4051 Carbon Steel for Machining Structural Use contoh: S10C menunjukkan kandungan karbon 0,1% S12C,S15C,S20C,S30C dst ….. S58C JIS G 4102 Nickel Chrome Steel Contoh; SNC236, SNC415,SNC631,SNC815,SNC 836 JIS G 4103 Nickel Chrome Molibdenum Steel, contoh: SNCM220,SNCM240,SNCM815 dst. JIS G 4104 Chrome Steel contoh; SCr415, SCr420, SCr 435 dst

JIS G 4105 Chrome Molobdenum Steel contoh, SCM 415, SCM 420, SCM 435 dst

JIS G 4106 Manganese and Manganese Chrome Steel, contoh; SMn420, SMn433, SMnC420, SMnC443

JIS 4202 Aluminium Chrome Molibdenum Steel contoh; SACM 645

JIS G 4052 Structural steel guaranted machinability, contoh; SMn4201, SMnC 443H, SCr 420H, SCM440H dst

JIS G 4107 High Temperature Alloy Steel for bolts, contoh, SNB5, SNB7, SNB16

JIS G 4108 Steel for special purpose alloy steel bolts, contoh; SNB21, SNB22, SNB24 dst.

Fakultas TeknikProgram Studi Teknik Industri

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