Standardized Stove Reporting for IWA Tiers of Performance...

Standardized Repor.ng of Tes.ng Data/Stove Performance Inventory

ETHOS

January 27, 2013

Strategy for Standards and Tes.ng: Standardized Data is Central

Develop Interna.onal Standards •  Formalize and expand standards for cookstoves and fuels, working with na:onal and interna:onal standards bodies and mul:ple stakeholders

•  Standardize repor:ng and labeling •  Implement cer:fica:on of standards •  Educate investors and users about standards

Enhance Global Tes.ng Capacity •  Support a global network of regional tes:ng and knowledge centers

•  Establish best prac:ces to standardize results •  Organize and host trainings and workshops to build human capital

Develop and Refine Tes.ng Protocols •  Establish a collabora:ve process to develop protocols that address a broad range of stoves, fuels and indicators

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Data

IWA Tiers for WBT 4.1.2

Standardized Repor.ng Needed

Efficiency Emissions Indoor Emissions

Example 1

Example 2

Some Remaining Issues

•  Can a designer/manufacturer test their own stove and report IWA Tiers?

•  Can IWA Tiers be reported without sharing tes:ng results?

•  Which stove and how many stoves should be tested to report IWA Tiers?

Stove Performance Inventory

•  Detailed inventory of stove and fuel performance, including emissions, indoor air pollu:on, efficiency, fuel use, and other metrics from a range of laboratory-‐ and field-‐based protocols

•  Data from over 600 sets of performance tests •  Future developments –  Regularly update the Inventory to include publica:ons in addi:onal languages and data from new studies

– Online searchable version of the Inventory will be developed

IWA Tiers of Performance Report

•  Standardize repor:ng to provide mul:ple levels of detail to different audiences

•  Incorporates feedback from tes:ng experts, stove producers and manufacturers, standards organiza:ons

Online at Communi-es of Prac-ce, Discussions, Standards and Tes-ng

IWA Interim Repor.ng Requirements

•  Methodology and equipment must meet the criteria outlined in the IWA document and any updates that have been approved by Alliance Partners.

•  Tes:ng must be conducted using protocols that have been mapped to IWA Tiers. –  For protocols not included in the IWA document, Tiers of Performance must

be approved through a consensus process with the Alliance’s Partners

•  Tes:ng data must be shared publically through the Stove Performance Inventory.

•  Tes:ng must be conducted by technicians and a tes:ng center with no financial stake in the stove being tested or an alterna:ve stove. Tes:ng centers should provide complete disclosure of personal or ins:tu:onal investments in any stove or energy related technologies.

•  Stove(s) tested must be randomly selected from the produc:on line and should not be a prototype under development.

Stove Performance Inventory Development

•  Contextual notes for the inventory – Main inventory metrics relate to fuel efficiency and emissions

– Does not include: •  Household air pollu:on, health, safety, durability, usage

– Report summarizes what is in the inventory at this point •  Inventory will grow and update as more data is incorporated and metrics and protocols evolve/harmonize. •  Not intended as a formal ra:ng system or authority •  Not an evalua:on of protocols or methodological rigor

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Building and popula.ng the inventory -‐ 1

•  Literature search with key terms: –  Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct

•  Searched grey literature (e.g. reports, presenta:ons) via specific websites

•  Only included sources with primary data 10

Core search terms Additional search terms

stove performance water boiling test WBT cookstove emissions controlled cooking test CCT cooking stove biomass kitchen performance test KPT open fire stove emission factor efficiency field improved stove fuel savings adoption laboratory usage uptake


•  Inventory structure: –  Each inventory row represents a set of tests for a specific stove/fuel/

test condi:on (e.g. the results from 20 CCTs conducted on a given stove for given study).

–  Informa:on for a given row includes: •  Source, stove, fuel, loca:on, test type/protocol, unique test condi:ons, performance metrics.

–  Stove and fuel categories/characteris:cs (non-‐exclusive)

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Stoves/Fuels Stove characteristics Fuels TSF Fixed/Built-‐in Biochar-‐producing Wood Gel U-‐shaped traditional Plancha Multi-‐pot Charcoal Kerosene Traditional metal Sunken pot Ceramic-‐lined Dung Plant oil Other traditional Fan Heating Crop residue Ethanol Simple non-‐traditional* TEG# Parabolic Briquettes LPG Rocket Pot skirt Heat-‐trap box Pellets Biogas Chimney Pressure Panel Other biomass Methanol Gasifier Wick Batch-‐loaded Solar Coal


•  Output metrics:

•  Illustra:ve example of inventory:

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Output metrics Fuel use Emissions Time Thermal efficiency Species: CO2, CO, CH4, NMHC, PM, BC, OC Time per test phase Specific energy consumption Emissions per MJ delivered Time per task Specific energy consumption rate Emissions per kg and MJ fuel Fuel use per capita Emissions per minute Emissions per task Modified combustion efficiency Combustion efficiency

sourcelead_research_group_type source_link

source_type

stove as named in source

non-trad

Test Type

Mean time to boil (min)

Cold start thermal efficiency

Hot start thermal efficiency

Average Efficiency

Academy for Educational Development (2007). Fuel Efficient Stove Programs in IDP Settings - Summary Evaluation Report, Uganda (USAID).NGO http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/humanitarian_assistance/disaster_assistance/sectors/files/uganda_final_summary.pdfReport 6 Brick (NGO D)1 MWBT:198516.5 0.136 0.143 0.144Academy for Educational Development (2007). Fuel Efficient Stove Programs in IDP Settings - Summary Evaluation Report, Uganda (USAID).NGO http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/humanitarian_assistance/disaster_assistance/sectors/files/uganda_final_summary.pdfReport TSF 0 MWBT:198521.5 0.137 0.125 0.139Academy for Educational Development (2007). Fuel Efficient Stove Programs in IDP Settings - Summary Evaluation Report, Uganda (USAID).NGO http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/humanitarian_assistance/disaster_assistance/sectors/files/uganda_final_summary.pdfReport Traditional Mud Stove0 MWBT:198522 0.109 0.093 0.120Academy for Educational Development (2007). Fuel Efficient Stove Programs in IDP Settings - Summary Evaluation Report, Uganda (USAID).NGO http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/humanitarian_assistance/disaster_assistance/sectors/files/uganda_final_summary.pdfReport Trench Stove0 MWBT:198525.5 0.085 0.101 0.120Academy for Educational Development (2007). Fuel Efficient Stove Programs in IDP Settings - Summary Evaluation Report, Uganda (USAID).NGO http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/humanitarian_assistance/disaster_assistance/sectors/files/uganda_final_summary.pdfReport Lorena 2-pot (NGO B)1 MWBT:198542.5 0.088 0.075 0.090Academy for Educational Development (2007). Fuel Efficient Stove Programs in IDP Settings - Summary Evaluation Report, Uganda (USAID).NGO http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/humanitarian_assistance/disaster_assistance/sectors/files/uganda_final_summary.pdfReport Lorena 2-pot (NGO A)1 MWBT:198554 0.048 0.045 0.065

Stove Performance Inventory Results -‐ 1 •  Over 70 sources and 600 test sets •  Where did the data come from?

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0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Africa Asia Latin America USA/Canada

Unique

sets of stove/fue

l tests

Lab Field

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Uniqu

e sets of stove/fuel tests

Lab

Field

Stove Performance Inventory Results -‐ 2

•  Distribu:on of stove/fuel types tested

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•  Distribu:on of test/protocol type

15

73%

5%

12%

5%5%

WBT

HTP

CCT

KPT

UFT

-‐ WBT = Water boiling test -‐ WBT includes the variety of WBTs in which the main the task is boiling water: WBT 3.0, 4.1.2, research protocols

-‐ HTP = Heterogeneous Tes:ng Protocol

-‐ CCT = Controlled Cooking Test

-‐ KPT = Kitchen Performance Test

-‐ UFT = Uncontrolled field test

Stove Performance Inventory Results -‐ 4 •  Mapping results against the IWA :ers of performance (thermal

efficiency)

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0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%High Po

wer Therm

al Efficiency

4

3

1

0

2

Stove Performance Inventory Results -‐ 5 •  Mapping results against the IWA :ers of performance (indoor

emissions)

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Traditional

Simple non-‐traditional

Rocket

Well performing fan/gasifier

Poorly peforming fan/gasifier

Charcoal traditional

Charcoal non-‐traditional

Liquid/gas0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

CO emissions rate (g/m

in)

PM2.5 emissions rate (mg/min)

01

43

2


•  Differences in laboratory and field performance.

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91%

92%

93%

94%

95%

96%

97%

98%

99%

Traditional Rocket

Mod

ified Com

bustion Efficiency (CO2/[CO2+CO

] as carbo

n)

Lab

Field

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Traditional Rocket

PM emission factor (g

/kg woo

d)

Lab

Field

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Rocket

Relativ

e fuel savings (%

from

baseline techno

logy)

Lab

Field

Lessons from developing the inventory

•  The specific methods and quality of techniques to measure performance indicators across the various protocols are highly variable and ogen unclear or not fully presented, nor is there a clear and agreed upon framework for determining what cons:tutes the quality of the measurement techniques.

•  Wide variety of units and metrics for the same or similar performance indicators. (e.g. CO/CO2 vs. CO2/[CO2+CO]; kg wood/capita/day or MJ wood/household/year).

•  Large amount of performance data which unpublished due to :me resources or proprietary reasons.

•  Need protocols bemer suited for the wide variety of cooking/hea:ng tasks, stove/fuel types, and rela:ng lab and field performance.

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Future discussions needed

•  Alliance will work with the global consor:um of regional tes:ng and knowledge centers to standardize tes:ng results, to ensure that a stove tested at different centers will have comparable results.

•  Stove Performance Inventory will be updated manually un:l tools and procedures are established for adding new tes:ng data in a more streamlined way.

•  Interim repor:ng requirements may be updated as part of any future interna:onal standards process. –  For example, requirements for tes:ng mul:ple stoves randomly selected from a produc:on line may be added.

–  These interim repor:ng requirements may also applicable for developing consensus on product labels, but the current requirements focus on repor:ng of tes:ng results.

Standardized Stove Reporting for IWA Tiers of Performance...

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