Standardization on Agricultural Electronics in China

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences

中国农业电子标准化工作进展Standardization on Agricultural Electronics in China

张小超 / Xiaochao Zhang

中国农业机械化科学研究院研究员全国农机标委会农业电子分技术委员会主任委员Professor of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization SciencesChairman of subcommittee on agricultural electronics standardization

Re Introduce ByM.M. Palitha Mahinda Munasinghe

Sri Lanka2016.7.30

[email protected]


报告内容 OUTLINE

1. 农电发展简介 Overview of agricultural electronics 2. 农电标分会

Subcommittee 3. 制订标准

Developed standards4. 采用国际标准 Adoption of international standards5. 标准综合体

Integrated standards


控制对象是粮食产量。信息采集、农作物种植知识和决策支持技术构成控制系统的智能化环节。Focusing on the yield, smart control system is made up by information acquirement, cultivation science and decision support system.

典型智能控制系统：精准农业Intelligent control system: precision farming

1.1 农业机械智能化技术总体发展趋势Development tendency of agricultural mechanical intelligentialize


精准农业机械装备技术开发与应用Precision agricultural machine development and application

3S 技术的研究Research on 3S

technique

田间信息获取Field information

acquirement

决策与分析系统Decision analysis

system

智能化农业机械Smart agricultural

machine精准农业 GPS应用

Precision farming GPS application

粮食产量分布信息获取Grain yield map

施肥决策系统开发Fertilization

变量施肥播种机研制VRT fertilizer

applicator

超低空遥感平台信息获取Information

acquirement by super-low altitude

RS

土壤养分信息获取Soil nutrient

喷灌决策系统开发Irrigation

联合收割机测产装置研制Yield meter for

combine土壤水分信息获取

Soil moisture content

土壤水分空间分布分析Spatial distribution

of soil moisture

大型变量喷灌机研制Large-scale VRT

springer

GIS土壤电导率信息获取Soil electric

conductance

智能化喷药机械研制Intelligent

pesticide sprayer

精准农业示范基地的建设 Construction of demonstration base for precision farming


小麦变量播种机Wheat variable rate seeder

玉米变量播种机Maize Variable-rate seeder

自动对行插秧机Automatic row transplanter

注入式变比变量喷药机Variable ratio spray injection machine

基于杂草实时自动识别技术的除草机Automatic weed recognition mowers

大型智能化变量喷药机Large scale smart variable rate sprayer

变量播种插秧

植保机械变量控制

变量自动配肥施肥机VRT fertilizer applicator

半预置式变量施肥机Semi-automatic controller of variable rate fertilizer applicator

圆盘式变量施肥机Rotary VRT fertilizaterapplicator

精准农业机载电脑以及基于 CAN总线标准的控制装置

拖拉机辅助或自动导航定位控制系统Tractor aided locating or automatic navigation control system

决策支持系统Decision Support Systems

收获机械信息获取

水稻联合收割机测产系统Rice combines with yeild acquisition system

大豆联合收割机测产系统Soybean combines with yeild acquisition system

小麦联合收割机测产系统Wheat combines with yeild acquisition system变量施肥

Variable rate seeder & transplanterVariable R

ate Fertilization

On-board computer forprecision agriculture& CAN-based controller

Plant protection m

achinery with

variable dose rateInform

ation acquisition at harvester



2. 突破信息采集分析与智能控制一体化技术 Integration of information acquirement analysis and intelligent control

1. 突破土壤、作物与杂草信息实时探测分析技术瓶颈 Real-time analysis of soil, crop and weed

…

3. 突破变量控制技术 Variable rate control technology

对靶除草

变量播种施肥

变量喷药

精准收割On-target weeding Precision haverst

VRT seeding and fertilizing

VRT spray


http://nue.okstate.edu/VRT_rig_pictures.htm


Auto-navigation control system

Developed by CAAMS

GNSS 移动基站GNSS mobile base station

GNSS 双天线接收机GNSS Dual antenna receiver

显示终端Displayer terminal

转向控制阀Steering control valve

转向传感器Steering sensor

导航控制器Navigation controller

1.2 智能农业机械的自动导航技术Auto-navigation technique for intelligent agricultural machinery

北斗导航自动驾驶系统 BDS navigation based auto-pilot system


北斗农机自动导航系统云端服务体系Cloud service system for BDS navigation for agricultural machinery



特种田块自动路径规划Automatic course plan for special field

农田三维扫描制作精细地图3D scan based precision field map



发电机组

压力传感器流量传感器 GPS 定位地轮转速

处方图

计算机系统

控制电机

小麦变量施肥播种机

Prescription map

PC

GPS positioning Land wheel speed Pressure sensor Flow sensor

1.3 智能农业机械的变量施肥播种技术VRT seeding and fertilizing technique for intelligent agricultural machinery

Wheat VRT seeder and fertilizer applicator

generator unit

Control motor

施肥播种技术（电动控制为例）开环和闭环变量控制技术 Seeder and fertilizing technique (e.g. electric control) Open and closed loop variable rate control technique


垄作智能化变量配肥施肥播种机Variable formula mixing, fertilizing and seeding machine for raised bed

示范时间： 2011 年Year: 2011示范基地：农垦北安管局红星农场Location ： Red star farm, China示范面积：大豆 400 亩；玉米 200 亩Area: soybean 26.7 ha, corn 13.3 ha增产 : 大豆 2.33%, 玉米 9.32%Increased yield: soybean2.33%,maize 9.32%

示范时间： 2012 年Year: 2012示范基地：农垦北安管局红星农场Location ： Red star farm, China示范面积：大豆 400 亩；玉米 200 亩Area: soybean 26.7 ha, corn 13.3 ha增产 : 大豆 13.2%, 玉米 2.97%Increased yield: soybean13.2%,maize 2.97%



0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700110

115

120

125

130

135

140

145

150

(s)时间

(kg)肥料重量

K

N

P

氮磷钾施肥配比为 1 ： 2 ： 3N:P:k 1:2:3

三种肥料不同配比施肥，实时调控曲线Real time control for VRT fertilizing NPK

给定三种肥料的处方图 Prescription map for 3 fertilizer 车载计算机根据 GPS 定位分析出此处 N 、 P 、 K 三种不同肥料所需施肥比列和总施肥量 The rate and total amount of 3 fertilizer of N, P and K is calculated from GPS position by PC 变量配肥施肥控制系统能够独立控制任一个肥箱上的伺服电机，改变排肥轴转速，即实现三种肥料的变量配肥。VRT mixing and fertilizing system independently controls the servo motor on each fertilizer tank and changes the shaft rotational speed, resulting in the variable mixing for 3 fertilizer

实现了多种肥料实时在线配比变量施肥控制技术Real time online control rate of multi-fertilizer



原始图像 Original image 识别的田间杂草 identified weed

1.4 智能农业机械的精准除草技术Precision weeding technique for intelligent agricultural machinery

利用虚拟光谱特征识别麦田杂草识别结果：Weed identification in wheat field by virtual spectral feature method

麦田杂草播娘蒿的正确识别率达到了 90 ％，作物的错误识别率为 5 ％。Weed variety: Felix-weed or de scurainiasophia Weed correct classification rate: 90 ％ ; Crop wrong classification rate : 5 ％


中国农业机械化科学研究院研制的大型智能化变量喷药机Large-scale intelligent variable rate sprayer developed by CAAMS

1.4 智能农业机械的精准除草技术Precision weeding technique for intelligent agricultural machinery


提出了称重法联合收割机产量测量方法：减少了粮食冲力的影响，田间综合测量精度≤ 5% 。Combine-harvester yield prediction based on weightingTo reduce effect from impact pressure Result: field experiment error ≤5%

1.5 联合收割机在线测控技术Online measuring and control technology for combine harvester


关键技术 : 田间机械振动信号数据处理技术静态计量精度 0.5% ，试验室内动态计量精度 2.0% Key technology ： Vibration signal processing in field testingStatic measurement error of 0.5%In lab dynamic measurement error of 2.0%

实际田间振动频率较为丰富，采用小波包信号处理滤波分析技术To solve various vibrational frequency in field, wavelet packet analysis is used for signal process



联合收割机智能检测系统 Combine-harvester smart detection system 示范时间： 2012 年 6月、 10月 Test time: June and October 2012 示范基地：江苏徐州市保丰集团公司农场、黑龙江省宝泉岭农场 Test place: One farm at Jiangsu, the other farm at Heilongjiang 示范面积： 1000 亩 Test area:66.7 ha 示范机型：福田 GN60 型联合收割机 Test machine: FUTIAN GN60 combine 检测内容：共 16项 16 tests

割台高度检测 Header height 纵流滚筒传动轴扭矩转速 Drive shaft torque and rotational speed for longitudinal roller 切流滚筒传动轴扭矩检测 Drive shaft torque for tangential roller 发动机输出功率检测 Engine power output 夹带损失检测 Drift loss 皮带磨损故障检测 Belt wear

过桥转速检测 Rotational speed for bridge 出粮绞龙转速检测 Rotational speed for output auger 割台堵塞故障检测 Header blocking 杂余绞龙堵塞检测 The second sieve auger blocking 传动链条断开故障检测 Transmission chain broken


提升绞龙转速检测 Rotational speed for lifting auger 风机转速检测 Rotational speed for fan 割台绞龙转速检测 Rotational speed for header auger 杂余绞龙转速检测 Rotational speed for the second sieve auger 切流滚筒转速检测 Rotational speed for tangential roller


联合收割机智能检测系统 Combine-harvester smart detection system

(a) 割台高度电液控制阀组Valves for electrohydraulic

control on head height

(b) 割台高度检测Header height test

(c)纵流滚筒传动轴扭矩与转速 Drive shaft torque and rotational

speed for longitudinal roller

(e) 发动机输出功率检测Engine power output test

(f)滚筒与凹板间隙调整执行电机Motor for adjusting the clearance

between roller and concave

(g)CAN 总线监控单元CAN monitor unit

(h) 夹带损失检测Drift loss

(d)切流滚筒传动轴扭矩Drive shaft torque for

tangential roller



中国农业机械化科学研究院研制的土壤养分准在线检测装备Quasi-Online Equipment for Soil Nutrient Analysis developed by CAAMS

三点悬挂式 Tractor 3-point suspension 在线式不停车自动取样 Automatic online sampling without stopping 土壤养分处方图自动绘制 Auto-draw soil nutrient prescription map 设计具有压力反馈控制的土壤样本采样执行机构 Pressure feedback control soil sampling actuator 开发了集成电子标签、数据通讯等先进技术的快速土壤养分自动采样与分析一体化系统 Integrated system for rapid soil sampling and nutrient analysis based on the electronic tag and data communications

农田不同深度快速取样智能控制技术Rapid smart soil sampling control technique for variety depths

1.6 田间信息采集装置Field information acquirement device


使用红外光谱仪测定土壤样本，完成水分、全氮、有机质、 PH 值等参数的测定，采用偏最小二乘法，建立近红外光谱的预测模型。 Soil moisture, total nitrogen (TN), organic matter (OM) and pH are analyzed by NIRS technique and PLS method

R2=0.95 R2=0.89

R2=0.85 R2=0.87

测试结果表明：以近红外光谱技术为基础，利用偏最小二乘回归方法建立土壤全氮、有机质、全钾和 pH值四种养分的预测模型，可以进行全氮和有机质的定量分析，同时可以对全钾和 PH值进行定性分析。


Conclusion: By this method, soil TN and OM could be quantitatively analyzed, TK and pH could be qualitatively analyzed.


在小型直升机上，配备有 GPS 自动导航控制装置，可以按设定航线自动控制飞行，能够在空中定位探测；控制飞行高度１～１ 00m ，载重量<10kg ，机载电源持续供电时间 >2 小时，配备大容量（ >40G ）监测数据存储器。

UAV equipped with GPS, based on predefined course, acquires farm land information at specified position. Its flight parameters include: flight altitude of 1～ 100 m, payload of <10kg, power supply time:>2 h ， data storage >40 G.

农机院研制的田间信息采集装置 :超低空田间信息获取平台Low-altitude field information acquirement platform developed by CAAMS



超低空飞行直升机地面图像自动获取系统 Farm land image acquirement system for UAV

已经在蝗虫和麦田杂草的监测中获得了良好的效果 ; Perform well on locust detection and weed recognition in wheat

系统可以在离地面几米的高度采集地面信息 ; Flight height of super low altitude of several meters

地面分辨能力可以达到 1mm Ground resolution of 1 mm


农机院研制的田间信息采集装置 :超低空田间信息获取平台Low-altitude field information acquirement platform developed by CAAMS


优化谷物蛋白探测波长范围 Grain protein sensitive wavelength optimization固体、液体的近红外波段光谱测量 NIRS detection for solid and liquid光谱的定性分析与定量分析 Spectral qualitative and quantitative analysis

利用近红外光谱技术的无损检测方法 Near infrared spectroscopy based nondestructive detection



其他无损检测方法 Other nondestructive detection中国农业机械化科学研究院研制 --CH-XP仓储粮食虫害监测系统CH-XP pest monitoring system for grain storage developed by CAAMS• 仪器不仅具有高灵敏度声探测器及高保真放大器以解决昆虫测声问题，而且具有高抗环境噪声的数字滤波技术，具有害虫感染的识别能力，可定量分析。Insect sound is measured by high sensitivity sonic sensor and high-fidelity amplifier, pest infection is quantitatively analyze by high resistance to environmental noise digital filtering technology.

• 粮虫探测技术达到国内领先水平，填补国内空白 ,应用小波分析、信息融合等技术处理的信号获得了较高的信噪比，并具有虫声与环境噪声自动识别功能。The technology of grain insect detection is the leading domestic level, fill the gaps in china. It combines wavelet analysis, information fusion and other technologies, and is capable to automatic recognize insect sound and environmental noise.



动态声源自动定位粮食虫害探测技术Dynamic sound source auto-positioning based rain pest monitor technique



棉铃虫气体自动分析系统Cotton Bollworm odor analysis

• 采用长光程气体近红外光谱测量方法Long optical length gas chamber for NIR analysis

• CARS 算法和二维相关方法优化波长段 Sensitive wavelengths selected by CARS and 2DCOS• 敏感谱带 1475 nm 源自芳香胺 N-H 键

Sensitive wavelength 1475 nm from aromatic amine N-H

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data1data2data3data4data5data6data7data8data9data10data11




3WZD-10 型电动 18旋翼植保无人机3WZD-10 motor-driven UAV for crop protection

单个旋翼直径： 381 mm旋翼个数： 18载重： 8/ Max10 kg起飞重量：≤ 21 kg喷幅： 4.5m飞行速度： 1~6m/s飞行高度：≤ 550m飞行时间： 15~30min驱动方式：无刷电机喷洒能力： 2.3 亩 /min

1.7 农用无人机Agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle

Single rotor diameter ： 381 mmRotor number ： 18Payload ： 8/ Max10 kgTake off weight ： ≤ 21 kgSprinkling width ： 4.5 mFlight speed ： 1~6 m/sFlight height ： ≤ 550 mFlight duration ： 15~30 minDrive mode ： brushless motorSpraying speed ： 0.153 ha/min


关键技术：互联网 + 农机管理 Key technique: internet + agricultural machine management

信息管理Information management报表查询Report inquiry定位跟踪Locating and tracking工况监测Operating state monitor远程调度Remote scheduling故障诊断 Fault diagnosis

基于北斗卫星的农机具作业物联网优化管理系统BDS based agricultural machinery operation IOT optimizing management system

1.8 信息管理系统Information management system


双目视觉定位果树上的成熟果实位置，末端执行器的摄像头锁定采摘的苹果。苹果定位视觉系统测量与手工测量平均偏差 0.7 cm 。Ripe fruits are preliminarily positioned by binocular vision, then manipulator camera focus on the apple. Deviation of the positioning is 0.7 cm.

1.9 农业机器人Agricultural robot


苹果套袋机器人 Apple bagging robot

套袋成功率 Bagging success rate ≥ 90 % 91.7 %平均套袋速度 Average bagging speed per apple ≤ 15 s 14.6 s机械臂末端定位精度 Position errors of manipulator±3 mm ± 2.5 mm机械臂末端承载能力 Compressive capacity of manipulator 2.5 kg ≥ 3.0 kg移动平台移动速度 Speed of moving platform 0.5 m/s ≥ 0.5 m /s移动平台爬坡能力 Climbing capacity of moving platform 20° ≥ 20°



农产品品质检测 - 多光谱图像技术Apple hyperspectral imaging analysis

• 从苹果上不同点获得光谱曲线；Extract spectra of different position • 通过大量苹果光谱曲线建立模型；Built model based on extracted spectra• 分析苹果果糖、酸度和成熟度等品质。Analyze fruit quality indicators ofsugar content, acidity, ripeness.



葡萄套袋机器人 Grape bagging robot双目视觉系统采用 PMD公司的深度相机 CamCube3.0和罗技公司 C920摄像头组成Binocular vision system with PMD CamCube3.0, depth camera and Logitech C920 camera• 四轮独立驱动移动平台 4-wheel independent drive• 自动套袋末端执行器 Terminal actuator for bagging• 四自由度关节机械臂 Robotics arm of 4 DOF



彩色相机采集到的原始彩色图像Color image taken

by color camera

PMD相机同时采集到的深度图像Depth image taken

by PMD camera

深度 45-55 cm ，超绿算法后椭圆模板匹配Processed color image with

depth of 45-55 cm, image threshold segmentation,

ellipse template matching

PMD相机与彩色相机同时触发光强图像Light intensity image by simultaneously triggering PMD and color cameras

带有 xyz 信息的融合彩色图像Color image added with XYZ position

串结构匹配后识别与定位结果，平均距离偏差 0.9 cmRecognizing and positioning result with string structure matching and average distance deviation of 0.9 cm



电瓶车改装 Assembled on battery car 装备热红外摄像机 Equipped with thermal infrared camera

四轮独立驱动底盘 Chassis with 4-wheel independent drive

猪场和鸡场消毒巡检机器人 Robots to disinfect and inspect animal farms



鸡场红外成像测温分析技术TIR imaging for chicken farm

猪场红外成像测温分析技术TIR imaging for pig farm



全国农业机械标准化技术委员会农业电子分技术委员会 ( 标分会 ) Subcommittee 6 on agricultural electronics of national technical committee 201 on agricultural machinery of standardization administration of China

2. 农电标分会 Subcommittee

编号 / Subcommittee identifier ： SAC/TC201/SC6

使命：精准农业装备、自动化、智能化领域国家标准制修订工作 Mission ： Develop and revise national standards on precision agricultural equipment, automation and intelligentization


国际标准化组织拖拉机和农林机械技术委员会农业电子分技术委员会参与成员（ ISO/TC23/SC19 ） Participating subcommittee 19 (SC 19) on agricultural electronics of technical committees 23 (TC 23) on tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry of international organization for standardization （ ISO ）



第一届标分会共有委员 17名，其中：主任委员 1名，副主任委员3名，秘书 1名

Subcommittee is made up of 17 committee members, including: 1 chairperson, 3 vice chairpersons and 1 secretary


秘书处承担单位为中国农业机械化科学研究院 The secretariat is located at CAAMS

标分会发展史 / History of subcommittee

2013 2014 2015 2016分标会筹备

Subcommittee preparation

分标会成立Subcommittee establishment

制订 4项标准4 developed

standards

采用 1项国际标准执行 2项标准综合体1 adopted ISO

2 integrated standards


3.1 变量施肥播种机控制系统技术要求及评价方法 Variable fertilizing and seeding machine control system technical

requirements and evaluation methods 包含范围、规范性引用文件、术语和定义、要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输和贮藏 7章 7 chapter of scope, references, terminology and definition, claim,

experimental procedure, test criterion, symbol, packaging, transportation and storage

3. 制定标准 Developed standards


通过检验 2类 13项项目判定变量施肥播种机是否合格 13 tests to qualify variable fertilizing and seeding machine


类 / Category 项 / No. 检验项目 / Tests

A

1 变量施肥播种机控制系统基本功能

Basic function of control system of variable fertilization seeder 2 传感器 / Sensor 3 电源转换装置 / Power adapter 4 接线端子、电源线、信号线 / Terminal, cable and wire 5 安全标志 / Security marking

B

1 播种量调整范围 / Adjusting range of seeding rate 2 播种量控制精度 / Control precision of seeding rate 3 播种量调整响应速度 / Response speed of adjusting seeding rate 4 施肥量调整范围 / Adjusting range of fertilizer rate 5 施肥量控制精度 / Control precision of fertilizer rate 6 施肥量调整响应速度 / Response speed of adjusting fertilizer rate 7 可靠性 / Reliability 8 标牌 / Label


3.2 播种监视系统技术要求及评价方法 Technical requirements and evaluation methods of seeding monitoring system 包含范围、规范性引用文件、术语和定义、要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输和贮藏 7章 7 chapter of scope, references, terminology

and definition, claim, experimental procedure,test criterion, symbol, packaging, transportationand storage



通过检验 2类 16项项目判定播种监控系统是否合格 16 tests to qualify seeding monitoring system



A

1 指示灯 / Indicator light

2 种子堵塞报警、缺种报警

Block warning and seed starvation warning

3 播种监视系统基本功能 Basic function of seeding monitoring system

4 传感器 / Sensor 5 电源转换装置 / Power adapter 6 接线端子、电源线、信号线 / Terminal, cable and wire 7 播种监视传感器安装 / Seeding monitoring sensor installation 8 传感器安装距离 / Installing distance of sensor 9 安全标志 / Security marking

B

1 已播数测量误差率 / Error of seeding rate 2 重播率测量误差率 / Error of reseeding rate 3 漏播率测量误差率 / Error of miss seeding rate 4 种子堵塞报警误差率 / Error of block warning 5 缺种报警误差率 / Error of seed starvation warning 6 可靠性 / Reliability 7 标牌 / Label


3.3 联合收割机监测控制系统技术要求及评价方法 Technical requirements and evaluation methods of combine monitor control system 包含范围、规范性引用文件、术语和定义、要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输和贮藏 7章 7 chapter of scope, references, terminology and definition, claim, experimental procedure, test criterion, symbol, packaging, transportation and storage



通过检验 2类 14项项目判定播种监控系统是否合格 14 tests to qualify combine monitor control system



A

1 联合收割机监测控制系统基本功 Basic function of monitoring and control system of combine

2 传感器 / Sensor 3 电源转换装置 / Power adapter 4 接线端子、电源线、信号线 / Terminal, cable and wire 5 安全标志 / Security marking

B

1 发动机输出功率 / Engine output 2 滚筒转速 / Cylinder speed 3 谷物流量 / Grain flow 4 谷物水分 / Grain moisture 5 升运器转速 / Elevator speed 6 作业速度 / Working speed 7 收割面积 / Working area 8 可靠性 / Reliability 9 标牌 / Label


3.4 平移式喷灌机变量控制系统技术要求及评价方法 Variable control system for the moving lateral irrigation machines

technical requirements and evaluate methods 包含范围、规范性引用文件、术语和定义、要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输和贮藏 7章 7 chapter of scope, references, terminology

and definition, claim, experimental procedure,test criterion, symbol, packaging, transportationand storage



通过检验 2类 11项项目判定播种监控系统是否合格 11 tests to qualify variable control system for the moving lateral irrigation machines



A

1 平移式喷灌机变量控制系统基本性能

Basic function of variable rate control system of moving lateral irrigation machines 2 传感器 / Sensor 3 电源转换装置 / Power adapter 4 接线端子、电源线、信号线 / Terminal, cable and wire 5 安全标志 / Security marking

B

1 各跨同步摆角的偏角误差

Error of synchronous swing angle between two contiguous towers

2 沿机组前进方向降雨深度变量范围

Variable range of rainfall depth along the moving direction of irrigation machines 3 喷洒均匀系数 / Coefficient of rainfall distribution uniformity 4 GPS动态定位误差/ Positioning error of GPS dynamic positioning system 5 可靠性 / Reliability 6 标牌 / Label


采标 ISO11783“ 农林拖拉机和机械 -串行控制和通信数据网络” Adopting ISO11783 ’ Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Serial control and communications data network’• 第 1部分：数据通信通用标准

Part 1: General standard for mobile data communication• 第 2部分：物理层 / Part 2: Physical layer• 第 3部分：数据链路层 / Part 3: Data link layer• 第 4部分：网络层 / Part 4: Network layer• 第 5部分：网络管理 / Part 5: Network management• 第 6部分：虚拟终端 / Part 6: Virtual terminal

4. 采用国际标准 Adoption of international standards


• 第 7部分：机具消息应用层Part 7: Implement messages application layer

• 第 8部分：动力传动系统消息 / Part 8: Power train messages• 第 9部分：拖拉机电子控制单元 / Part 9: Tractor ECU• 第 10部分：任务控制器和消息管理系统的数据交换

Part 10: Task controller and management information system data interchange

• 第 11部分：数据元字典 / Part 11: Mobile data element dictionary• 第 12部分：诊断服务 / Part 12: Diagnostics services• 第 13部分：文件服务器 / Part 13: File server

4. 采用国际标准 Adoption of international standards


5.1 农机远程监测与调度物联网标准综合体 Integrated standards on internet of thing （ IOT ） based agricultural machinery remote monitoring and scheduling 背景国家政策：大力发展农业现代化及信息化

Great importance attached to agricultural modernization and information

市场需求：土壤深松远程监测、联合收割机远程运维调度发展迅速Booming market on remote monitoring of soil deep looseningand remote scheduling of combine

5. 标准综合体 Integrated standards


• 农机远程监测Remote monitoring


GPRS/3GInternet

防火墙

数据库服务器

管理平台

远程监控中心

拖拉机和深松机

客户终端

WEB页面

车载终端

远程数据传输

传感器 BD卫星

跨区信息服务接口（政府、团场、第三方）

产量测试

卫星定位

移动通信

自主导航

信息交互

工况检测

采棉机数据存储管理

卫星遥感

局域网

收获日期预测

电子地图制作

空间数据存储管理

种植面积统计

中心数据存储管理

中心通信服务

即时消息收发

调度计划编制

调度指令下达

实时位置监控

信息实时交互

中心数据交换

工况实时监测

调度计划变更

收获合同管理

互联网

交通天气等信息

其它农用车辆监控

移动通信

作业统计分析

应急指挥调度

绩效分析

后台管理

跨区调度服务接口（政府、团场、第三方）授权认证

费用结算

亚米级差分

图像获取

• 农机远程调度Remote scheduling

规范农机远程调度监测物联网系统的功能、性能、管理维护 Standardize function, performance, management and maintenance for IOT based agricultural machinery remote monitoring and scheduling


标准设置 standards scheme


† 农机远程监测与调度物联网术语规范Terminology for IOT based remote monitoring and scheduling

† 农机远程调度监管物联网数据协议规范Data protocol for IOT based remote monitoring and scheduling

† 农机跨区作业远程监管调度方法与系统Remote monitoring and scheduling procedure and system for trans-regional operation

† 联合收割机远程故障代码定义与分类方法Remote fault code definition and classification method for combine

† 深松作业远程监测技术要求及数据传输规范Specification to remote monitoring and data transmission for deep loosening

基础技术标准Technology Standards

农机远程作业标准Remote operation standards

农机远程监测与调度物联网标准综合体Integrated standards


5.2 自走式农机导航系统标准综合体Integrated standards on navigation systemfor self-propelled agricultural machinery

背景国家政策：重点发展农业机械装备Great importance attached to agricultural machinery

农机导航可提高土地利用率、农机使用率；降低劳动强度、收获损失Agricultural machinery navigation has theadvantage to improve land utilization availability, enhance machine efficiency, reduce labor intensity and decrease harvesting loss



发达国家以农机导航为代表的智能装备年产值 3亿美元，自走式农机导航系统标准综合体将促进农机导航装备产业的健康发展。In developed country, smart equipment represented by agricultural machinery navigation outputs annual $ 300 million. These standards will benefit healthy development of agricultural machinery navigation industry



标准设置 standards scheme


† 自走式农机导航系统性能Navigation system performance of self-propelled agricultural machinery

† 自走式农机导航系统电气及机械安装要求Electrical and mechanical installation requirements for navigation system of self-propelled agricultural machinery

† 自走式农机导航系统接口协议Interface protocol for navigation system of self-propelled agricultural machinery

† 自走式农机导航系统测试规范Testing criterion for navigation system of self-propelled agricultural machinery

† 自走式农机导航系统路径规划技术要求Route planning technical requirements for navigation system of self-propelled agricultural machinery

† 拖拉机配套农机具导航软件设置修正规范Software setting and repair specifications for tractor-driven implement navigation

基础技术标准Technology Standards

测试管理标准Evaluation and management standards

自走式农机导航系统标准综合体Integrated standards

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Standardization on Agricultural Electronics in China

Technology

Transcript of Standardization on Agricultural Electronics in China