Standard III

Jennifer Booze – Copyright

Andrea Dever – The Digital Divide

Hayley Hollis – Gender equality

Jennifer Ruark - Internet Safety

Copyright

Fair Use

An exception to the exclusive protection of copyrightCertain limited uses without permission from the author or owner

Examples: copying for…~criticism ~comments

~news reporting ~teaching

~scholarship ~research

4 factors to determine fair use in courts

1. the purpose and character of your use

2. the nature of the copyrighted work

3. the amount and substantiality of the portion taken

4. the effect of the use upon the potential market

A student finds a picture of Homer Simpson on the internet, copies it and inserts it in her Powerpoint presentation. Is this a copyright violation?

NO.

Once its on the internet it is public domain in most casesDetermining Public Domain Status…

Works published in the U.S. before 1923 = In the public domain

Works published in the U.S. after 1922 through 1963 = Initial term of 28 years. If not renewed during the 28th year, the work falls into the public domain.

Works published in the U.S. after 1922 but before March 1, 1989 = Generally, if a work is published without copyright notice under the authorization

of the copyright owner and thelaw does not provide an exceptionfor the omission, the work is in the

public domain.

As a general rule, if you are using a small portion of somebody else’s work in a non-competitive way and the purpose for your use is to benefit the public, you’re on pretty safe ground. On the other hand, if you take large portions of someone else’s expression for your own purely commercial reasons, the rule usually won’t apply.

Videos and DVDs…

A teacher can show videos and DVD's for educational purposes. this includes:

• non-commercial instruction or curriculum based teaching by educators to students at nonprofit educational institutions • planned non-commercial study or investigation directed toward making a contribution to a field of knowledge, or

• presentation of research findings at non-commercial peer conferences, workshops or seminars.

A teacher can put together clips from various DVDs and burn them onto one DVD

In general, students and instructors may create multimedia works for face-to-face instruction, directed self-study or for remote instruction provided that the multimedia works are used only for educational purposes. Instructors may use their multimedia works for teaching courses for up to two years after the first use.

Can a teacher record a documentary on Thomas Jefferson and show it every year in her annual “Founding Fathers” unit?

Nonprofit educational institutions can record television programs transmitted by network television and cable stations and keep the tape for 45 days. They can only use it for instructional purposes during the

first ten of the 45 days. If the teacher wants to keep it within the curriculum, permission must be obtained from the copyright owner.

A teacher buys a CD with interactive Math software and installs it on all 3 computers in her classroom. Is this a copyright violation?

The section of the copyright bill implies that any uploading or downloading of a copy of a copyrighted work without the authorization of the copyright owner is illegal.

...the bill is currently in review to lessen the level of strictness for schools.

A student brings in a popular CD and wants to use a song as the soundtrack for his digital story. Would it be a copyright violation?

In general, students and instructors may create multimedia works for face-to-face instruction, directed self-study or for remote instruction provided that the multimedia works are used only for educational purposes in systematic learning activities at nonprofit educational institutions. Instructors may use their multimedia works for teaching courses for up to two years after the first use.Limits…up to 10%, but in no event more than 30 seconds, of the music and lyrics from an individual musical work.

Technology Copyright Issues Currently in the News…

Digital Millennium Copyright Act StudySigned into law by former President Clinton in 1998

Viacom has sued YouTube and Google. why?: copyright infringement related to the unauthorized display, performance and reproduction of Viacom

owned videos and inducement of copyright infringement by YouTube's users. They also claim contributory copyright infringement and vicarious copyright infringement.

YouTube claims it has followed the law as set forth by the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)

A Language Arts teacher puts an Emily Dickenson poem up on his class website. Is this a copyright violation?

No, its not a violation. The poem is no longer under copyright protection based on when it was published. Since it is now most likely public domain and its being used in a non-competitive way with a purpose to benefit the class it is safe to use.

The Digital Divide

The Digital DivideStudents With Tech Low Without TechInternet at homeGood keyboarding skillsUse the internet regularly in schoolsBenefit from explicit instructionAcademic advantage

No internet at homePoor keyboarding skillsReluctant to go onlineStruggle with explicit instructionAcademic disadvantage

(International Society for Technology in Education, 2003)

The Digital Divide

As a Teacher, keep in mind the followingquestions when planning your lessons.

How can online culture be made more accessible to people not ordinarily accustomed to it?

How can new media be inclusive of people with physical impairments or low literacy skills?

(The Digital Divide Network, 2004)

The Digital Divide

If a School does not have adequate funding for technology, the following websites may help. www.math.ucsb.edu/NCEE www.digitaldividenetwork.org http://digitalequality.edreform.net

Other options/suggestions: parent groups, fundraising, industry partnerships, and careful budgeting in schools.

(Bitter and Legacy, 2008, p.136)

Gender Equality

Gender Equity

Studies have shown that girls do not engage in computer activities like boys doView games as activities for boysThis lowers the fluency rate among students

“Girls view computers as tools, and boys use them as toys”(McGrath, “Closing the Gender Gap” 2004)

Gender Equity Standards

To increase student participation: Use gender appropriate materials Allow students to express themselves creatively when

using technology Make individual open spaces available to all students

so everyone has an opportunity to use technology Encourage and make time for students to search

around at their capabilities and individuality

Gender Equity Standards

To increase fluency among students:Allow students to think abstractlyMake time so all students have a basic

understanding of technology conceptsAdapt your lessons to students’ likes/dislikes in

regards to topicsMake structured schedules where students must

use technology and then allow student creativity

Internet Safety

Internet SafetyAcceptable Use Policies Agreements between students, parents and teachers Establishes rules for how to appropriately use technology in the schools Includes information on how the school systems will follow state and federal

laws on technology use States uses of technology that are strictly prohibited in the schools Lists precautions the schools take to ensure the safety of data and any

information recorded on computers Lists precautions the schools take to ensure the safety of students while

using technology devices

Internet SafetyNet Smartz A website that tells the importance of communication between parents,

teachers, and students to ensure internet safety

Includes a list of resources for parents, teachers, students, and community members to research: http://www.playitcybersafe.com http://www.childrenspartnership.org disney.go.com/cybersafety/index.html http://www.getnetwise.com http://www.wiredkids.org

Online Safety: A Guide for Parents

Tells parents to establish rules about internet use with children People they are allowed to email Appropriate chat rooms, if any Appropriate games Appropriate websites

Monitor children’s use of the internet to ensure rules are followed