Standard Clinic Part 3: Advantage Version 3.2 Release date: 2004.

Standard Clinic Part 3:Advantage

Version 3.2Release date: 2004

© 2004, FINA Standard 3.2 - 2

Fundamental Concepts Water Polo is a CONTACT SPORT

There will be physical contact between players as they strive for position and the ball - this is wholly acceptable.

Excessive or inappropriate contact between players should not be tolerated.

Physical contact that takes away a player’s or a team’s advantage is a foul.


Playing Offense

The objective of the attacking team is to gain and maintain offensive advantage.

Examples: Good passes and ball control. Protecting the ball. Working for position. Taking good, high percentage shots.


Playing Defense

The objective of the defending team is to prevent goals.

Examples: Play in the “lanes” and prevent good

passes. Pressure players to give up the ball. Working for better position. Force low percentage shots.


The rules are written in favor of the defense; generally, when calls are made, they interrupt the offensive flow, thus, the help the defense.

When the teams are playing water polo, it is the obligation of the referee to use the advantage rule to call the game so that the attacking team can score.

Approach to RefereeingWater Polo


What is Advantage?

Definition Relative Advantage

Shooting Advantage Three “P’s” of ADVANTAGE

Possessional Advantage Positional Advantage Probable Goal Advantage

When to Violate Advantage


What is Advantage?






Definition of “Advantage”

The referees shall refrain from declaring a foul if, intheir opinion, such declaration would be an advantage to the offending player’s team. The referees shall not declare an ordinary foul when there is still a possibility to play the ball.[Note. The referees shall apply this principle to the fullest extent. They should not, for example, declare an ordinary foul in favor of a player who is in possession of the ball and making progress towards his opponent’s goal, because this is considered to give an advantage to the offender’s team.]

FINA WP Rule 7.3


Difficult Part of “Advantage”

The referee shall not declare an ordinary foul when thereis still a possibility to play the ball.

FINA/USWP RulesRule 7.3

It is not necessary to award a free throw to an attackingteam other than the player with the ball, so long as histeam is in possession of the ball. … Often, you can seea situation when a player is still able to pass the balldespite being fouled. A whistle in this case could evenbe a disadvantage for the attacking team.

FINA Instructions to Referees


Use the Advantage Rule to Enable the Offense

The rules are written in favor of the defense.

When the teams are playing water polo, it is the obligation of the referee to use the advantage rule to call the game so that the attacking team can score.


Fouls, when called, should return an advantage to the team that is at least as good as it had prior to calling the foul.

Maximize the team’s scoring opportunities with the timing of the calls.

Underlying Principles forCalling Fouls


General Philosophical Approach

The teams are obliged to play water polo.

When the teams play water polo, there are typically only fouls of play.

When the teams are not playing water polo, then other fouls may occur.


General Philosophical Approach (Conclusion)

The players are to play the game. It is the responsibility of the referee

to control the game so that the players can determine the result of the game.


What is Advantage?


Shooting Advantage Changes with Positioning of Players

Three “P’s” of ADVANTAGE Possessional Advantage Positional Advantage Probable Goal Advantage



What is the advantage of the person being fouled?

What is the advantage of the team? What is the overall advantage of the

team being fouled? What is the overall advantage of the

team doing the fouling?

Relative Advantage


GG

x

x

x

x x

x

o

o

o

o

o

o

Ready to Shoot Advantage


GG

xx

x

x x

x

o

o

o

o

o

o

Passing to Shoot Advantage


Working with Water at Set

Gx

o

x

o

ox

ox

ox

ox


Working with Water at Set

G

xo

x

o

ox

ox

ox

ox

Gx

o

x

o

ox

ox

ox

ox


What About Sloughers?

Gx

o

x

o

o x

ox

o

x

o x

•Slough from the wing•Followed by a point drop


Pull Back with No Sloughers Coming In – Exclusion Foul


Two Hands Up Defense With Slougher Coming In – No Call


Impeding With Sloughers Coming In – Ordinary Foul


Pull Back With Sloughers Coming In – Exclusion Foul


What is the offensive advantage? Not just the player with the ball Where are the passes? Where are the possible shooters?

What is the defensive advantage? Are they in the passing lanes? Are they in position to steal and

counterattack?

Overall Advantage


What is Advantage?


Shooting Advantage Changes with Positioning of Players

Three “P’s” of ADVANTAGE Possessional Advantage Positional Advantage Probable Goal Advantage



Possessional advantage Positional advantage Probable goal advantage

Three “P’s” of Advantage


Has possession of the ball Can do something with the ball

If possessional advantage is taken away, it is returned with a free throw

Possessional Advantage


If offense throws ball halfway between a defender and the attacking player, even if it is a “bad” pass, the attacking player should be allowed to get the ball. Ordinary fouls for impeding, a little holding Exclusion fouls for holding, pulling back

If in doubt, favor the offense.

50/50 Call to Offense


Bad Pass Pass not thrown to correct location Pass thrown to wrong player

Poor Possession Swam into defenders Stuck in no-man’s land

Examples of No Possessional Advantage


x

o

1x

o2

3

Face off pass

Pass throughdefender

Pass too high

Bad Pass:No Possessional Advantage


G G

x

x

x

x

x

x

o

o

o

o

o

o

Poor Possession:Forcing Pass Into Defenders


Bad Pass to Set (Regular Position) – No Foul


Bad Pass to Set (Inside Position) – No Foul


Pass to Wrong Side with Slougher Too Near–No Call


o

G

G

xx

x

xx

x

o

o

o

o

o

o

Poor Possession:Swimming Into Defenders


xo

xo

GG

x

x

x

x

x

o

o

o

o

o

Poor Possession:Stuck in No-Man’s Land


xo

G

G

xx

x

x

xo

o

o

o

o

o

x

Poor Possession:Stuck in the Corner


Attacking player has position over defending player.

Position is taken away by defender holding, sinking or pulling back.

Sanction is to exclude player

Positional Advantage


Horizontal attacking player with vertical defender (holding, hand checking)

Attacking player turns defender Gained and is holding offensive position Ahead of defender outside 4 meter area

Examples ofPositional Advantage


Horizontal Attacking Player

At transitions from offense to defense: former defensive player starts counterattack and is held

At start of drives (especially from 2 and 4 positions): defender vertical and prevents the drive


Considerations

Is the attacking player swimming over top of the defender and sinking him/her?

Did the defender hold the player outside his/her shoulders?

What is marking? Hand checking? Holding?


Hold: Handchecking


Hold: Hooking Arm


Hold (and then Sink)


Pull Back: Swimming


Pull Back: Pass to Set


Pull Back: By Former Set


Once a defender is turned, he/she better get hands, elbows and arms up into the air: Must make effort to show he/she is not committing a foul

If the attacking player is not able to go forward (especially if he/she has the ball): Defender should be excluded

Turned Player


GG

x

x

x

xx

x

o

o

o

o

o

ox

o

xo

Turning a Player:With Advantage


GG

x x

x

xx

x

o

o

o

o

o

o

?

Turning a Player:Is There Advantage?


The center forward and center back are allowed to “strive for position”

Once the center forward has position he/she has to maintain position defender may not hold, sink, pull, push

the center forward out of position Criteria are irrespective of the

slougher (double team)

Gaining Offensive Position


Withholding Call:Increase Level of Advantage

GG

xx

x

x

x

x

o

o

o

o

o

o

4m


Player has a good opportunity for a shot and defender prevents the shot by a foul (any foul) inside the 4-meter area.

Counterattack entering the 4-meter area.

Pulling down of shooting arm of player inside the 4-meter area and inside water from his/her defender

Attacking team gets penalty shot

A Probable Goal ...


Inside Water (Advantage) – No Call


Hands Up Defense – No Foul


Turn and Goalkeeper Steal – No Foul


Inside But Loses Control of Ball – No Call


Foul With Inside Water – Penalty Foul


When there is no one defending the goal, then the probability that a ball tossed into the goal will score is very high.

THEREFORE, many fouls committed inside the 4-meter area when the goal is empty may be penalty fouls because the foul took away a probable goal.

NOTE: If there was no probable goal, then there is no penalty foul.

Empty Net Fouls


What is Advantage?






Physical contact between attacking players and defenders is permitted

Intervene ONLY to return possessional advantage return positional advantage return probable goal advantage

Calling Fouls Is Based on Advantage


General Rule of Thumb

As a rule of thumb, there should be very few fouls called behind the line of attack.

Few fouls should be called away from the ball; only call fouls that affect the play.


Violate Rule When ...

Gross offensive fouls Gross defensive exclusion fouls

(usually kicking or striking) Fouls resulting in a game exclusion

of a player Fouls called for safety reasons.


However ….

IF there is no advantage at the lead end of the counterattack call the foul in the back court this is where the advantage may be

IF there is no advantage at the lead end of the counterattack call the foul in the middle of the pack this is where the advantage may be


Remember …

Physical contact between attacking players and defenders is permitted

Intervene ONLY to return possessional advantage return positional advantage return probable goal advantage


REWARD

Good position

Good technique


The End of Part 3Advantage

Standard Clinic Part 3: Advantage Version 3.2 Release date: 2004.

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Transcript of Standard Clinic Part 3: Advantage Version 3.2 Release date: 2004.