Standard 13The student will identify major efforts to reform American society and

politics in the Progressive Era.

Booker T. Washington

Created the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama in 1881.He urged his students to try and become skilled in a trade and to put aside the desires of political equality.He felt that African Americans would gain acceptance through economics in stead of politics.His message appealed to many African Americans and also calmed whites worries about educated African Americans trying to seek equality in society.

W.E.B. Dubois

Dubois argued that the brightest African Americans had to step forward to lead their people in their quest for political and social equality and civil rights.He wanted African Americans to get an advanced liberal arts education instead of getting a vocational education.

Jim Crow

The system of legal segregation.

Why is it called Jim Crow??

"Come listen all you galls and boys,I'm going to sing a little song,My name is Jim Crow.Weel about and turn about and do jis so,Eb'ry time I weel about I jump Jim Crow.“

White man heard a black man singing this. He started touring the country singing and dancing with his skin painted black. His show stereotypically illustrated blacks and became very popular.

Plessy v. Ferguson

The Supreme Court decision in 1896 that set up the idea of separate-but-equal.This decision allowed for legal segregation of blacks and whites.

Lynching

It increased across the country as whites worked to keep African Americans from exercising their rights.Between 1882 and 1892, an estimated 1200 African Americans were lynched.

Lynching- name supposedly came from Captain William Lynch in Virginia in the late 1700’s who used certain types of punishment because the courts were too far.

NAACP

Worked for equality for blacks on all levels by using the courts, strikes, boycotts, etc.

Started in 1909

Which of the following actions would be illegal under Jim Crow laws?A. White citizens joining the NAACP.

B. African Americans receiving PhDs.

C. Progressives supporting segregation.

D. Blacks and whites riding together on a train.

Jim Crow laws were passed by southern legislatures following Reconstruction. What was the purpose of Jim Crow laws?A. To expand the rights of African Americans.

B. To ensure segregation of African Americans in southern society.

C. To force compliance with the 14th and 15th Amendments.

D. To prohibit southerners from disenfranchising African Americans.

Jim Crow Video