Stack ApplicationsStack Applications

What is stack ?What is stack ?

Stack is a special type of data structure.

Compared to a container.Last In First Out.

What is push ?What is push ?Inserting a element into stack.

What is stack overflow ?What is stack overflow ?Pushing elements when stack is

full.When top exceeds size of stack .

Algorithm pushAlgorithm pushProcedure Push (Value)If TOP is equal to MAX Output an error that the Stack is fullElseAdd 1 to TOPPut data in Value into TOP positionEnd IfEnd Procedure

What is pop ?What is pop ?Removing the top element from

the stack.

What is stack underflow ?What is stack underflow ?Performing pop operation when a

stack is empty.When top equals zero.

Algorithm popAlgorithm popProcedure PopIf TOP is equal to Zero thenStack is empty “Underflow”ElseOutput value from Stack at TOP position Subtract 1 from TOPEnd IfEnd Procedure

Stack Applications

Applications of stackApplications of stack

Start up & Shut down.Function calling.

Argument passing in c.

System StartupSystem Startup

System ShutdownSystem Shutdown

Function callingFunction calling

void three(){printf("Three started\n");printf("Three ended\n");}void two(){printf("Two started\n");three();printf("Two ended\n");}void one(){printf("One started\n");two();printf("One ended\n");}void main(){clrscr();printf("Main started\n");one();printf("Main ended\n");getch();}

OutputOutput

Main startedOne startedTwo startedThree startedThree endedTwo endedOne endedMain ended

Argument passing in CArgument passing in C• Consider the following program :-

# include <stdio.h>

# include <conio.h>

void main()

{

int a=3;

clrscr();

printf(“%d %d%d%d”,a++,++a,++a,a++);

getch();

}

Expected o/p.

3 5 6 6

But o/p is 6 6 5 3

Because the argument are passed from

right to left in a stack and then sent to

printf function.

3

5

6

6

%d %d %d %d

Top

Called function ie, printf(…);

Here the input is taken from stack So, the data order will be 6 6 5 3.

Therefore the o/p will be 6 6 5 3.

ConclusionConclusionStack is one of the efficient way

to implement discipline to system.

Thank You.Thank You.