STAB RESISTANCE OF HELLWEG NIJ 0101.04 …...1 STAB RESISTANCE OF HELLWEG NIJ 0101.04 LEVEL II...

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STAB RESISTANCE OF HELLWEG NIJ 0101.04

LEVEL II ANTI-BALLISTIC BODY ARMOUR

ENGINEERING TEST REPORT - MAY 2014

1 Executive Summary

The NIJ 0115.00 stab test represents the worst possible case of stab attack method with the worst case edged

blade threats.

In this investigation, we have determined the degree of stab resistance of Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Body

Armour as deployed within the Hellweg ELBV™ using the NIJ 0115.00 stab test methodology. As a further

experiment we adapted the test methodology to incorporate typical real-world threats including a steak knife,

carving knife and screwdrivers.

Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour has a high degree of stab resistance and is able to

defeat:

o Certain thick, rigid, double edged threats including the NIJ 0115.00 S1 test blade.

o Certain thin, flexible, single edged threats such as commercially available steak knives.

o Certain thin, rigid, single edged threats such as commercially available carving knives where the Angle

of Incidence is greater than 0°.

o Certain commercially available Phillips Head and Flat screwdrivers.

Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour is nearly able to defeat certain thin, rigid, single edged

threats such as commercially available carving knives at the side overlap in a perpendicular attack.

Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour requires additional Anti-Stab protection to defeat the

thin, rigid, single edged threat of the NIJ 0115.00 P1 test blade.

Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour when worn in conjunction with an Anti-Stab Insert is

able to defeat the NIJ 0115.00 S1 and P1 test blades and meet the requirements of the NIJ 0115.00 Edged

Blade Protection Class at Protection Level 2.

Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour is demonstrably slash-proof against the typical edged

blades considered by the NIJ 0115.00 standard and box cutters.

A knife with a trajectory at an angle to the target is easier to defeat than a knife with a trajectory

perpendicular to the target.

Different areas of the body armour have substantially different degrees of stab resistance.

The customer should consider the risk of stab attack in their duties and the weapons likely to be used to make

an informed decision on whether the inherent stab resistance offered by Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-

Ballistic Body Armour demonstrated herein is sufficient protection against stab threats.

Where it is deemed necessary to have greater protection against stab threats, the Hellweg Anti-Stab Insert

provides a cost effective, flexible, light weight, comfortable and convenient means for defeating NIJ 0115.00

Level 2 Edged Blade and Spike threats for higher risk situations.

The customer should consider whether full coverage Anti-Ballistic plus Anti-Stab Panels are worth the

decreased comfort, decreased wearability and increased mass for the small increase in coverage when

compared to the Hellweg Anti-Stab Inserts.

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2 Introduction

The NIJ 0115.00 Stab Resistance of Personal Body Armour standard specifies the performance requirements of personal

body armour against attack by edged and pointed weapons and defines apparatus and procedures for determining its

stab resistance. The standard is based on technical work performed by various organisations and considers:

The threat from readily available commercially machined edged knife blades.

The threat from improvised pointed weapons and ice picks.

The energy that can be delivered by a male using several stabbing techniques.

A maximum allowable penetration depth of 7mm at which injury to internal organs is extremely unlikely.

The NIJ 0115.00 standard authors observe that “The threat posed by a knife depends, among other things, on its

sharpness, pointedness, style, handle and blade design, attacking angle, the physical condition of the attacker, and the

skill of the attacker” (1). It follows that the NIJ 0115.00 stab test is representative of the worst case stab attack

because:

In confrontational stab attacks the target is generally upright, retreating from the attacker and attempting to

deflect the weapon so the impact is typically at an angle to the target and with stab energy lower than the

maximum deliverable by the attacker. The NIJ 0115.00 stab test however assumes the target is stationary and

against a rigid platform, as would be the case for an officer lying on the ground or forced against a wall.

The edged blade threats defined in the NIJ 0115.00 standard are idealised common real-world knife blades and

are particularly short, rigid and pointed.

Longer commercially available edged weapons are somewhat difficult to control after impact with the target at

an angle due to the biomechanical flexibility of the human arm and wrist, therefore not all of the available stab

energy is transferred to the target. The NIJ 0115.00 stab test however assumes all of the stab energy is

transferred to the target during an impact at an angle because of the rigidity of the test rig.

The NIJ 0115.00 stab test therefore provides a conclusive indication of the stab resistance of body armour however the

real-world threat posed by typical stab attacks is expected to be less than that assumed by the standard.

According to the NIJ, “Body armour selection is to some extent a tradeoff between protection and wearability. The

weight and bulk of body armour are generally inversely proportional to the level of protection it provides; therefore,

comfort decreases as the protection level increases” (1). They further observe that “Departments must carefully

consider their requirements for comfort, concealability, duration of wearing armour, projected threat levels, and

climate to decide on the best type and style of armour to satisfy their needs” (1).

Certain types of anti-ballistic material possess inherent anti-stab properties; the Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-

Ballistic Panels certified in accordance with (2) are constructed from multiple layers of woven Aramid fabric which do

provide substantial anti-stab properties. Hellweg therefore proposes that its NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body

Armour provides an excellent tradeoff between comfort, wearability, weight and stab-resistance for general duties

officers when compared to fully compliant full coverage Anti-Stab Panels which are typically stiffer, heavier, and less

comfortable to wear.

Although the standard does not specifically address slash threats, it acknowledges that “stab threats are by far the

more difficult to defeat and that body armour capable of defeating stab threats will perform satisfactorily against slash

threats” (1), therefore by extension, Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Panels are also effectively slash-proof.

Different regions of personal body armour vests have different degrees of stab resistance; for example the sides of the

armour may include a double thickness overlap of the anti-ballistic or anti-stab material to allow for waist size

adjustment, the front of the armour may be covered with MOLLE webbing and accoutrements and the back of the

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armour is generally unadorned. The back of the armour is therefore expected to provide the least protection against

stab threats and the side overlap of the armour is expected to provide the most protection against stab threats. The

Armour Panels tested herein are representative of these two portions of the Hellweg Enhanced Load Bearing Vest

(ELBV™) including the Armour Carriers to demonstrate the real-world stab resistance of the complete body armour

system.

As noted in the NIJ 0115.00 standard, “A stab resistant body armour system should afford protection against injury

from penetration by knives, edged weapons, and sharp-pointed weapons while ensuring that the movement of the

wearer is not unduly restricted. The protected area ensures coverage of the vital organs; in particular, the heart, liver,

spine, kidneys, and spleen” (1). Hellweg therefore proposes an optional light weight, flexible Anti-Stab Insert to cover

and provide additional protection to the vital organs for carriage in the ELBV™ hard armour plate pocket in situations

where a greater risk of stab attack is anticipated.

In summary, three Armour Panels were selected for testing:

The T-141 Back Panel which is a representative portion of the back of the Hellweg ELBV™ including its NIJ

0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Panel in a region worn over the vital organs and represents the worst case target

for a stab threat.

The T-142 Side Overlap Panel which is a representative portion of the Hellweg ELBV™ where the front garment

including its side panel overlaps at the smallest adjusted waist size with the back garment including its NIJ

0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Panel and represents the best case target for a stab threat.

The T-143 Back Panel with Anti-Stab Insert which is a representative portion of the back of the Hellweg ELBV™

in a region worn over the vital organs with an NIJ 0115.00 Level 2 Anti-Stab Insert installed in the hard armour

plate pocket outside the NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Panel.

In this investigation, we aim to determine the degree of stab resistance of Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Body Armour

worn in the Hellweg ELBV™ using the NIJ 0115.00 stab test methodology. As noted by the NIJ, “The protection required

by the wearer should be determined from the specific threats they are likely to encounter” (1) so as a further

experiment we also adapt the test methodology to incorporate typical real-world threats including a steak knife,

carving knife and screwdrivers. These threats were selected because of their likely use in domestic confrontations with

officers and the non-prohibited nature and ease of concealment of screwdrivers by members of the public on the

street.

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3 Definitions

3.1 Angle of Incidence

The angle between the trajectory of the Test Weapon and the normal to a plane tangent to its point of impact with the

Armour Panel.

3.2 Anti-Ballistic Panel

The protective component of personal body armour intended to defeat ballistic threats such as handgun rounds.

Typically enclosed in a non-removable cover. Certain types of anti-ballistic material may possess inherent anti-stab

properties and slash-proof characteristics.

3.3 Anti-Stab Insert

The protective component of personal body armour worn in conjunction with an Anti-Ballistic Panel and intended to

defeat hand-delivered impacts with sharp-edged and/or pointed instruments such as knives. Typically enclosed in a

non-removable cover.

3.4 Anti-Stab Panel

The protective component of personal body armour intended to defeat hand-delivered impacts with sharp-edged

and/or pointed instruments such as knives. Typically enclosed in a non-removable cover.

3.5 Armour Carrier

The garment in which Anti-Ballistic Panels and/or Anti-Stab Panels/Inserts are contained for wearing on the user’s body.

The Armour Carrier typically possesses negligible anti-ballistic and/or anti-stab properties.

3.6 Armour Panel

A representative portion of personal body armour consisting of an Armour Carrier and Anti-Ballistic Panels and/or Anti-

Stab Panels/Inserts.

3.7 Backing Material

The multiple layers of compressible material upon which the Armour Panel is placed for testing in accordance with NIJ

0115.00 (1).

3.8 ELBV™

The Hellweg Enhanced Load Bearing Vest (ELBV™) proposed for consideration by TASPOL for RFT DPEM RFT-MIPV-13-

14.

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3.9 Missile

The Drop Mass specified in NIJ 0115.00 (1) which consists of a Nylon sabot and a clamping device for the Test Weapon

and drops freely under its own weight to strike the Armour Panel at a specified Strike Energy.

3.10 Penetration

Perforation of the back face of an Armour Panel by a Test Weapon.

3.11 Penetration Depth

The length of the Test Weapon that protrudes from the back face of the Armour Panel in the case of Penetration.

3.12 Protection Class

The class of stab threat in accordance with NIJ 0115.00 (1) the Armour Panel is intended to defeat.

3.12.1 Edged Blade

The threats that might be expected on “the street” such as commercially machined edged knives.

3.12.2 Spike

The threats that might be expected in a corrections environment such as pointed objects resembling ice picks.

3.13 Protection Level

NIJ 0115.00 (1) defines three levels of protection against stab threats. The levels correspond to the frequency

distribution of the energy that can be delivered by a male population using several stabbing techniques and are

summarised in Table 1.

Table 1 - NIJ 0115.00 Protection Levels

Protection Energy Level E1 Strike Energy (J) E2 Strike Energy (J) Typical Use

Level 1 85th

Percentile 24 ± 0.5 36 ± 0.6 Covert duties

Level 2 90th

Percentile 33 ± 0.6 50 ± 0.7 General duties, overt

Level 3 96th

Percentile 43 ± 0.6 65 ± 0.8 High risk situations, overt

3.14 Strike Energy

The calculated kinetic energy of the Missile when the tip of the Test Weapon is between 0mm and 25mm of the strike

face of the Armour Panel.

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3.15 Test Weapon

The stab threat used to determine the stab resistance of the Armour Panel. The Test Weapons considered in this

investigation summarised in Table 2 and are detailed in Appendix 1 - Test Weapons.

Table 2 - Test Weapons

Test Weapon Description

S1 NIJ 0115.00 double edged test blade

P1 NIJ 0115.00 single edged test blade

Steak Knife 110mm stainless steel serrated steak knife

Carving Knife 7.5” stainless steel carving knife

#2 Phillips Screwdriver 100mm long #2 Phillips screwdriver

6mm Flat Screwdriver 150mm long 6mm flat screwdriver

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4 Objective

This investigation aims to determine the degree of stab resistance of Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Body Armour worn in

the Hellweg ELBV™ against the NIJ 0115.00 Edged Blade Protection Class threats and a commercially available Steak

Knife, Carving Knife, #2 Phillips Screwdriver and 6mm Flat Screwdriver at NIJ 0115.00 Protection Level 2.

The selection of the Armour Panels and non-standard Test Weapons is explained in Section 2.

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5 Equipment

NIJ 0115.00 stab test rig at Ballistic & Mechanical Testing (BMT), an independent NATA certified test laboratory

at Port Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Test Weapons (refer Appendix 1 - Test Weapons for details)

a. S1 double edged test blade.

b. P1 single edged test blade.

c. Steak Knife.

d. Carving Knife.

e. #2 Phillips Screwdriver.

f. 6mm Flat Screwdriver.

Armour Panels (refer Appendix 2 - Armour Panels for details)

a. T-141 Back Panel.

b. T-142 Side Overlap Panel.

c. T-143 Back Panel with Anti-Stab Insert.

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6 Procedure

6.1 Preparation of Non-Standard Test Weapons

6.1.1 Steak Knife & Carving Knife

The steak & carving knives were adapted to fit the NIJ 0115.00 S1 Missile as follows.

1. Remove the handle.

2. Trim the tang length to 18mm.

3. Weld, screw or rivet a 20mm x 18mm mild steel spacer to each side of the tang to increase its thickness to at

least 5mm. Align the short sides along the length of the tang, centre the long edge on the tang and set the

spacers flush with the end of the tang.

4. Mill the outside faces of the spacers to final dimensions 20.0mm width x 17.0mm length x 4.0mm thickness

with machining tolerances as per (1) for the S1 test blade.

Photographs of the Steak Knife and Carving Knife before and after modification are shown in Appendix 1 - Test

Weapons.

6.1.2 #2 Phillips Screwdriver & 6mm Flat Screwdriver

Due to the high degree of material hardness of the screwdrivers required for their function, machining of the shaft was

not practical so the following procedure was used to allow the screwdrivers to be mounted in the S1 Missile Spike Test

Weapon adapter.

1. Remove the handle.

2. Remove any protrusions on the tang.

3. Trim the tang length to 17.0mm.

4. Machine the Screwdriver Holder illustrated in Figure 1 from mild steel.

5. Insert the screwdriver tang in the holder and secure it in place with an M4 cap screw.

Figure 1 - Screwdriver Holder

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Photographs of the #2 Phillips Screwdriver and 6mm Flat Screwdriver before and after modification and the

Screwdriver Holder are shown in Appendix 1 - Test Weapons.

6.2 Preparation of Armour Panels

The three Armour Panels selected for testing were constructed from the same materials used in the Hellweg Enhanced

Load Bearing Vest (ELBV™) as proposed for consideration by TASPOL for RFT DPEM RFT-MIPV-13-14. The Armour

Panels were representative of various parts of the ELBV™ as explained in Section and made as squares with a side

length of 300mm as elaborated in Appendix 2 - Armour Panels.

6.3 Stab Testing

Stab testing was performed by Ballistic & Mechanical Testing on their NIJ 0115.00 compliant stab test rig at Port

Melbourne, Victoria, Australia in accordance with (1). Where non-standard Test Weapons were fitted to the NIJ

0115.00 S1 Missile, the height of the Backing Material platform was adjusted to ensure the Test Weapon impacted the

Armour Panel at the Strike Energy specified by the standard.

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7 Results & Discussion

7.1 Back Panel

The stab test results for the Back Panel are summarised in Table 3. The official independent test laboratory reports are

included in Appendix 3 - BMT Test Reports.

Table 3 - Back Panel test results

Subtest Protection Level

Strike Energy

Test Weapon

Penetration (mm)

Pass/Fail Comments

T-141-1 2 E1 (33J) S1 0 Pass

T-141-2 2 E1 (33J) S1 @ 45° 0 Pass

T-141-3 2 E1 (33J) P1 51 Fail

T-141-4 2 E1 (33J) P1 @ 45° 63 Fail

T-141-5 2 E1 (33J) Steak Knife 0 Pass Bent knife

T-141-6 2 E1 (33J) Carving Knife 55 Fail Similar result to P1

T-141-7 2 E1 (33J) Carving Knife @ 45° 0 Pass

T-141-8 2 E1 (33J) #2 Phillips Screwdriver 0 Pass

T-141-9 2 E2 (50J) #2 Phillips Screwdriver 0 Pass

T-141-10 2 E1 (33J) 6mm Flat Screwdriver 0 Pass

T-141-11 2 E2 (50J) 6mm Flat Screwdriver 0 Pass

The S1 test blade did not Penetrate the Back Panel in either the worst case perpendicular test or 45° test which

suggests the inherent anti-stab properties of Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour are

sufficient to defeat certain thick, rigid, double edged threats.

The P1 test blade Penetrated the Back Panel in both the worst case perpendicular test and 45° test beyond the

NIJ 0115.00 Penetration Depth limit of 7mm which suggests the Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body

Armour requires additional Anti-Stab protection to defeat the thin, rigid, single edged threat of the NIJ 0115.00

P1 test blade.

The Steak Knife did not Penetrate the Back Panel in the worst case perpendicular test and was destroyed by

the impact which suggests the inherent anti-stab properties of the Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic

Body Armour are sufficient to defeat certain thin, flexible, single edged threats.

The Carving knife Penetrated the Back Panel in the worst case perpendicular test beyond the NIJ 0115.00

Penetration Depth limit of 7mm and to a similar Penetration Depth as the P1 test blade which is expected

given the similarities in the ends of the blades. The Carving Knife did not Penetrate the Back Panel in the 45°

test which is in conflict with the results of the P1 test blade. This difference is likely due to the additional

length of the Carving Knife introducing additional flexibility in to the test rig during the 45° test compared to

the shorter P1 test blade as evident in the test video footage. The failure of the Carving Knife to Penetrate the

Back Panel in the 45° test suggests that the inherent anti-stab properties of the Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II

Anti-Ballistic Body Armour are sufficient to defeat certain real-world thin, rigid, single edged threats impacting

with an Angle of Incidence greater than 0°.

The #2 Phillips Screwdriver and 6mm Flat Screwdriver did not Penetrate the Back Panel in the worst case

perpendicular test at E1 or E2 Strike Energy which suggests the inherent anti-stab properties of the Hellweg NIJ

0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour are sufficient to defeat certain typical screwdrivers.

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7.2 Side Overlap Panel

The stab test results for the Side Overlap Panel are summarised in Table 4. The official independent test laboratory

reports are included in Appendix 3 - BMT Test Reports.

Table 4 - Side Overlap Panel test results


Strike Energy

Test Weapon

Penetration (mm)

Pass/Fail Comments

T-142-1 2 E1 (33J) Steak Knife 0 Pass Bent & broke knife

T-142-2 2 E1 (33J) Carving Knife 8 Fail

The Steak Knife did not Penetrate the Side Overlap Panel in the worst case perpendicular test and was

destroyed by the impact. This result is in agreement with the same test on the Back Panel and is to be

expected since the Side Overlap Panel has a substantially greater number of layers.

The Carving Knife Penetrated the Side Overlap Panel in the worst case perpendicular test beyond the NIJ

0115.00 Penetration Depth limit of 7mm, but the Penetration Depth of 8mm is substantially less than the Back

Panel Penetration Depth of 55mm. This result confirms the observation that different areas of the body

armour would have different degrees of stab resistance. Furthermore, it is expected that the Penetration

Depth would reduce to zero for only a small increase in the Angle of Incidence.

7.3 Back Panel with Anti-Stab Insert

The stab test results for the Back Panel with Anti-Stab Insert are summarised in Table 5. The official independent test

laboratory test reports are included in Appendix 3 - BMT Test Reports.

Table 5 - Back Panel with Anti-Stab Insert test results


Strike Energy

Test Weapon

Penetration (mm)

Pass/Fail Comments

T-143-1 2 E1 (33J) S1 0 Pass

T-143-2 2 E2 (50J) S1 0 Pass Penetrated insert but not anti-ballistic

T-143-3 2 E1 (33J) P1 0 Pass Penetrated insert but not anti-ballistic

T-143-4 2 E2 (50J) P1 0 Pass Penetrated insert but not anti-ballistic

As expected, the Back Panel with Anti-Stab Insert defeated the S1 and P1 test blades at both E1 and E2 Strike Energy

with no Penetration of the anti-ballistic material. Although not considered in this investigation, the Back Panel with

Anti-Stab Insert also defeats the NIJ 0115.00 Level 2 Spike threat.

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8 Conclusion

At Strike Energy E1 which corresponds to the energy that can be delivered by a 90th

percentile male, the following

conclusions can be drawn from the test results of the worst case target, the Back Panel.

1. The NIJ 0115.00 stab test represents the worst possible case of stab attack method with the worst case edged

blade threats.

2. A knife with a trajectory at an angle to the target is easier to defeat than a knife with a trajectory

perpendicular to the target.

3. Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour is able to defeat certain thick, rigid, double edged

threats including the NIJ 0115.00 S1 test blade.

4. Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour requires additional Anti-Stab protection to defeat the

thin, rigid, single edged threat of the NIJ 0115.00 P1 test blade.

5. Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour is able to defeat certain thin, flexible, single edged

threats such as commercially available steak knives.

6. Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour is able to defeat certain thin, rigid, single edged threats

such as commercially available carving knives where the Angle of Incidence is greater than 0°.

7. Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour is able to defeat certain commercially available

screwdrivers at both E1 and E2 Strike Energy.

The following conclusions can be drawn from the test results of the Carving Knife at Strike Energy E1 against the Side

Overlap Panel in which the additional layers of anti-ballistic material and garment material are considered where the

front garment overlaps the back garment at the smallest adjusted waist size.

8. Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour is nearly able to defeat certain thin, rigid, single edged

threats such as commercially available carving knives at the side overlap in a perpendicular attack.

9. Different areas of the body armour have substantially different degrees of stab resistance.

The following conclusion can be drawn from the test results of the NIJ 0115.00 test blades against the Back Panel with

an Anti-Stab Insert.

10. Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-Ballistic Body Armour when worn in conjunction with an Anti-Stab Insert is

able to defeat the NIJ 0115.00 S1 and P1 test blades at Strike Energy E1 and E2 and meet the requirements of

the NIJ 0115.00 Edged Blade Protection Class at Protection Level 2.

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9 Recommendations

1. The customer should consider the risk of stab attack in their duties and the weapons likely to be used to make

an informed decision on whether the inherent stab resistance offered by Hellweg NIJ 0101.04 Level II Anti-

Ballistic Body Armour demonstrated herein is sufficient protection against stab threats.

2. Where it is deemed necessary to have greater protection against stab threats, the Hellweg Anti-Stab Insert

provides a cost effective, flexible, light weight, comfortable and convenient means for defeating NIJ 0115.00

Level 2 Edged Blade and Spike threats for higher risk situations.

3. The customer should consider whether full coverage Anti-Ballistic plus Anti-Stab Panels are worth the

decreased comfort, decreased wearability and increased mass for the small increase in coverage when

compared to the Hellweg Anti-Stab Inserts.

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10 References

1. Office of Law Enforcement Standards. Stab Resistance of Personal Body Armour. Washington : U.S. Department of

Justice, 2000. NIJ Standard 0115.00.

2. —. Ballistic Resistance of Personal Body Armour. Washington : U.S. Department of Justice, 2000. NIJ Standard

0101.04.

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11 Appendices

11.1 Appendix 1 - Test Weapons

11.1.1 S1 Double Edged Blade

NIJ 0115.00 PSDB/S1/G double edged engineered test blade representing the performance of larger commando-style

blades or larger kitchen knives. Full specifications are provided in (1).

Figure 2 - S1 test blade

11.1.2 P1 Single Edged Blade

NIJ 0115.00 PSDB/P1/A single edged engineered test blade representing a typical small knife. Full specifications are

provided in (1).

Figure 3 - P1 test blade

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11.1.3 Steak Knife

No brand 110mm x 17mm x 1.0mm serrated stainless steel steak knife modified to fit the NIJ 0115.00 S1 Missile.

Figure 4 - Unmodified Steak Knife

Figure 5 - Modified Steak Knife

11.1.4 Carving Knife

HygiPlas 7.5” (190mm) x 39.7mm x 2.8mm stainless steel carving knife modified to fit the NIJ 0115.00 S1 Missile.

Figure 6 - Unmodified Carving Knife

Figure 7 - Modified Carving Knife

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11.1.5 #2 Phillips Screwdriver

Arete Tools 100mm x 5.8mm shaft #2 Phillips screwdriver modified to fit the NIJ 0115.00 S1 Missile.

Figure 8 - Unmodified #2 Phillips Screwdriver

Figure 9 - Modified #2 Phillips Screwdriver

11.1.6 6mm Flat Screwdriver

Arete Tools 150mm x 5.8mm shaft 6mm flat screwdriver modified to fit the NIJ 0115.00 S1 Missile.

Figure 10 - Unmodified 6mm Flat Screwdriver

Figure 11 - Modified 6mm Flat Screwdriver

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11.2 Appendix 2 - Armour Panels

The composition of the Armour Panels and their method of construction is detailed below.

11.2.1 T-141 Back Panel

Figure 12 - T-141 Back Panel

Table 6 - T-141 Back Panel Composition

Layer Material Description

1 Outer

750 denier polyester mesh Back garment outer (strike face)

2 500 denier Cordura Plate pocket

3

Inner

500 denier Cordura Panel carrier outer

4 70 denier Nylon ripstop Panel cover outer

5 Aramid Anti-ballistic material

6 70 denier Nylon ripstop Panel cover inner

7 300 denier Nylon Panel carrier inner

8 Polyester channel spacer mesh Back garment inner (wear face)

Layers 1 and 2 were sewn together at each corner with an 80mm long diagonal stitch line and Layers 3 through 8 were

likewise sewn together. This allowed the T-143 Anti-Stab Insert to be installed in the location that corresponds to the

hard armour plate pocket in the Hellweg ELBV™.

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11.2.2 T-142 Side Overlap Panel

Figure 13 - T-142 Side Overlap Panel

Table 7 - T-142 Side Overlap Panel Composition


1

Outer

750 denier polyester mesh Back garment outer wing (strike face)

2 100mm Nylon hook fastener Back garment outer hook fastener

3 100mm Nylon loop fastener Front garment outer loop fastener

4 750 denier polyester mesh Front garment outer

5 750 denier polyester mesh Front garment pocket lining

6 750 denier polyester mesh Side panel pocket outer

7 300 denier Nylon Side panel cover outer

8 Aramid Side panel anti-ballistic material

9 300 denier Nylon Side panel cover inner

10 750 denier polyester mesh Side panel pocket inner

11 100mm Nylon loop fastener Front garment inner loop fastener

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Inner

100mm Nylon hook fastener Back garment inner hook fastener

13 750 denier polyester mesh Back garment outer

14 500 denier Cordura Back panel carrier outer

15 70 denier Nylon ripstop Back panel cover outer

16 Aramid Back panel anti-ballistic material

17 70 denier Nylon ripstop Back panel cover inner

18 300 denier Nylon Back panel carrier inner

19 750 denier polyester mesh Back garment inner (wear face)

Layer 2 was sewn to Layer 1, Layer 3 was sewn to Layer 4, Layer 11 was sewn to Layer 10, and Layer 12 was sewn to

Layer 13. Layers 1 through 11 were then sewn together at each corner with an 80mm long diagonal stitch line and

Layers 12 through 19 were likewise sewn together. The two pieces were then attached together using the hook and

loop fastener of layers 11 and 12. The hook and loop fastener was oriented in the same direction for all layers, centred

on the Armour Panel and was the strike face for the Test Weapons.

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11.2.3 T-143 Back Panel with Anti-Stab Insert

Figure 14 - T-134 Back Panel with Anti-Stab Insert

Table 8 - T-143 Back Panel with Anti-Stab Insert Composition


1 Outer

750 denier polyester mesh Back garment outer (strike face)

2 500 denier Cordura Plate pocket

3

Anti-Stab Insert

300 denier Nylon Anti-stab cover outer

4 Treated Aramid Anti-stab material

5 300 denier Nylon Anti-stab cover inner

6

Inner

500 denier Cordura Panel carrier outer

7 70 denier Nylon ripstop Panel cover outer

8 Aramid Anti-ballistic material

9 70 denier Nylon ripstop Panel cover inner

10 300 denier Nylon Panel carrier inner

11 Polyester channel spacer mesh Back garment inner (wear face)

The anti-stab material was enclosed in a cover consisting of Layers 3 and 5 and placed within the two parts of the T-141

Back Panel.

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11.3 Appendix 3 - BMT Test Reports

The NIJ 0115.00 test reports provided by the independent NATA certified test laboratory Ballistic & Mechanical Testing

are attached overleaf.

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HELLWEG 4684A NIJ 0115.00 R&D

Document Revision 1 ‐ February 2014 ‐ Issued by B.Eu

Date rec'd Job Number 4684A/14

Courier Test Date 15‐May‐14

Sample Designation Report Number 4684A/14

Purchase Order

Sample ID Specification NIJ STD 0115.00 Range Used Rig 1

Serial No. Protection Level E1 Muzzle to Target 25mm

Batch No. Spike ? E2 Muzzle to Target 25mm

E1 Joules 33 Screen Spacing 50mm

E2 Joules 50 Prior to impact 25mm

Material Type E1 Max Penetration Chronograph Model Sabre IRIS

No. of Layers E2 Max Penetration Screen Type Skyscreen 408

Weave Count Screen Light Source DC LED

Weight (g) Missile weight P1 1.9210

Stitching Details Missile weight S1 1.916

Stitching Intervals Missle weight Spike N/A

Insert Carrier (Y/N)

Neoprene Id Number: Box 1 Data Recorder Temperature 20.6 °C

Gunner Relative Humidity 54.4 %

Witness Conditioning Dry

Angle Energy

Level

0 deg E1

0 deg E1

0 deg E1

0 deg E1

0 deg E1

0 deg E2

0 deg E1

0 deg E2

Footnotes: Remarks:

a. Excessive velocity 1. Modified NIJ 0115.00 test methodology used for R&D purposes as requested by client.

b. Insufficient velocity 2. Threats are commercially made items that have been modified by the client to

c. Too close to prior impact be mounted into the S1 missile.

d. Too close to edge 3. Sample is a 300x300mm representation of complete vest.

e. Stop in Plate 4. This report 4684A/14 replaces 4684/14.

f. Complete Penetration

B. Eu

(Approved signatory)

Panel

Penetration

Sample

Number

See comments

See comments

T‐141 S1

P1

See comments

See comments

See comments

See comments 7.23 50.1

S1

#2 Phillips

screwdriver

6mm flat blade

screwdriver

Serrated steak knife

7in chef's knife

Threat

Type

Missile

Type

0.0mm

51.0mm

0.0mm

55.0mm

LABORATORY TEST REPORT

STAB RESISTANCE OF PERSONAL BODY ARMOUR

NIJ STANDARD 0115.00

R&D

CLIENT DETAILS

Soft armour

Cale Pearce 15‐May‐14

Hellweg International Pty Ltd Client delivered

7mm

68 Barry St

Bayswater, VIC 3153 14193

SOFT ARMOUR DETAILS KNIFE/SPIKE THREAT

Level 2

AUSTRALIA

Notes

No

RANGE

Diagonally @ corners

Model 709 +/‐ 0.6

+/‐ 0.7

552

80mm single line

TEST CONDITIONS

Measured Calculated Comments

Velocity m/s Energy J

NEOPRENE DETAILS TEST PERSONNEL

Hai Son Bui

S1 5.94 33.8

P1

a.

5.92 33.7 a.

5.89 33.2

S1 7.26 50.5

0.0mm

0.0mm

7.19 49.5

S1 5.92 33.6

S1

0.0mm

0.0mm

S1 5.90 33.3

S1

20mm

Yes

Cale Pearce

T‐141

Not Supplied

13/05/2014

Aramid

22

27x27 tpi

Hai Son Bui

Postal address: 100 Turner St, Port Melbourne 3207 Victoria, Australia. ABN: 72 097 157 607Phone: +61 3 9646 4211 Fax: +61 3 9646 9883 Email: [email protected]

of 4






Purchase Order









Weight (g) Missile weight P1

Stitching Details Missile weight S1

Stitching Intervals Missle weight Spike





Angle Energy

Level

0 deg E1

0 deg E1

Footnotes: Remarks:





e. Stop in Plate 4. Enclosure overlap with 100mm hook and loop closure on centreline.

f. Complete Penetration 5. This report 4684A/14 replaces 4684/14.

B. Eu


Notes Panel

Penetration

Sample

Number

T‐142 See comments

See comments

a.

Threat

Type

Missile

Type

0.0mm

8.0mm

Serrated steak knife

S1 5.91 33.5 7in chef's knife


S1 5.95 33.9

TEST CONDITIONS

Hai Son Bui

Hai Son Bui

Cale Pearce


80mm single line 1.916

Diagonally @ corners N/A

Yes


Aramid 7mm

22 20mm

27x27 tpi

1164 1.9210

13/05/2014 No

Model 709 +/‐ 0.6

+/‐ 0.7

AUSTRALIA

SOFT ARMOUR DETAILS KNIFE/SPIKE THREAT RANGE

T‐142

Not Supplied Level 2


68 Barry St Soft armour





R&D

CLIENT DETAILS



of 4






Purchase Order









Weight (g) Missile weight P1

Stitching Details Missile weight S1

Stitching Intervals Missle weight Spike





Angle Energy

Level

0 deg E1

0 deg E2

0 deg E1

0 deg E2

Footnotes: Remarks:





e. Stop in Plate 4. Sample is a T141 with an added SRM pack.

f. Complete Penetration 5. This report 4684A/14 replaces 4684/14.

B. Eu


Notes Panel

Penetration

Sample

Number

T‐143 As above

Threat

Type

Missile

Type

0.0mm

0.0mm

0.0mm

0.0mm

P1 5.91 33.5

P1 7.26 50.6

S1 7.25 50.4


S1 5.83 32.6

TEST CONDITIONS

Hai Son Bui

Hai Son Bui

Cale Pearce


Nil 1.916

Nil N/A

Yes


Composite 7mm

T‐141=22, SRM=12 20mm

Not Applicable

1081 1.9210

13/05/2014 No

Model SRM upgrade pack

with T‐141

+/‐ 0.6

+/‐ 0.7

AUSTRALIA


T‐143








R&D

CLIENT DETAILS



of 4






Purchase Order









Weight (g) Missile weight P1 1.9210

Stitching Details Missile weight S1 1.916

Stitching Intervals Missle weight Spike N/A





Angle Energy

Level

45 deg E1

45 deg E1

45 deg E1

Footnotes: Remarks:





e. Stop in Plate 4. This report 4684A/14 replaces 4684/14.

f. Complete Penetration

B. Eu


7in chef's knife

0.0mmS1 S1 5.89 33.2

63.0mm

See Comments S1 5.91 33.5 0.0mm

Panel

Penetration

Comments

Number Velocity m/s Energy J

T‐141 P1 P1 5.90 33.4

Hai Son Bui

Hai Son Bui

Cale Pearce

Sample Threat

Type

Missile

Type

Measured Calculated Notes

80mm single line

Diagonally @ corners

Yes

NEOPRENE DETAILS TEST PERSONNEL TEST CONDITIONS

Aramid 7mm

22 20mm

27x27 tpi

552

13/05/2014 No

Model 709 +/‐ 0.6

+/‐ 0.7

AUSTRALIA


T‐141








R&D

CLIENT DETAILS



STAB RESISTANCE OF HELLWEG NIJ 0101.04 …...1 STAB RESISTANCE OF HELLWEG NIJ 0101.04 LEVEL II...

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