STAAR Writing Study Guide 2014. Revising and Editing Spelling Sentence Structure Punctuation...
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Transcript of STAAR Writing Study Guide 2014. Revising and Editing Spelling Sentence Structure Punctuation...
STAAR Writing Study Guide 2014
Revising and Editing Spelling Sentence Structure Punctuation Grammar
Commonly Confused words:◦Their, there, they’re◦Their (possessive), there (location), they’re (they are)
◦Then, than◦Then (Time), Than (Comparing)
◦It’s, its ◦ It’s (It is), Its (Possessive)
◦Too, two, to◦Too (Also, Excessively), Two (number), to (preposition/direction)
◦In, on, at (prepositions)◦Except, accept◦Except (But, excluding), Accept (Take)
Sentence Structure:
◦Compound ( , FANBOYS)◦You must rest, for you will be taking the test in the morning.
◦Complex (WABU: When, After, Because, Until, etc.)◦Until you submit your application, I cannot help you.
Phrases/Clauses: Phrases/Clauses:◦Prepositional phrase (no subject or verb)◦under the table, over the table, beside the table, next to the table, on the table, around the table
◦Appositive phrase (no subject or verb)◦Mrs. Gutierrez, the school nurse, gave me an ice pack for my forehead.
◦Subordinating clause (Sub. conjunction & subject and verb)◦While you were out, someone called.◦Someone called while you were out.
Dictionary Use
◦Misspelled words◦Capitalized words◦Prefix/suffix meanings◦Hyphenated words◦Parts of Speech to determine if used correctly in the sentence
Transition words and phrases
◦Know the meaning◦Recognize pattern or relationship (example, agreement, sequence, order, time, adding, comparing, contrasting, cause and effect, concluding)
◦HOTCASA: ◦However, On the other hand, Therefore, Consequently, As a result
Commas – Study foldable!◦ Compound sentences◦ Complex sentences◦ In a series◦ Between adjectives of equal rank (not the last adjective before the noun)◦ After introductory words, phrases, and clauses◦ To set off parenthetical expressions (names, therefore, of course, not
yours)◦ Nonessential expressions (appositive phrases, participial phrases etc.)◦ Dates, Geographical names, numbers, addresses, letters
Quotation Marks
◦Direct quotations, speaker tag◦Titles of short written works (poems, short stories, songs, TV shows, articles)
Possessives
◦Single vs. plural (make plural first than possessive)◦Dog’s leash… ◦Dogs’ leashes
◦Irregular plurals (make plural first than possessive)◦Man – men’s suits◦Wolf – wolves' den
Relative Pronouns: Who/Which/That
◦Who (People)◦My friend, who won the award, is now going on a week-long vacation.
◦That (People, Things/Concepts)◦He is the kind of person that will never let you down.
◦Which (Things/Concepts)◦The science fair, which lasted all day, ended with an awards ceremony.
Subject-Verb Agreement
◦Single ◦He was studying for the test last night.
◦Plural◦They were studying for the test last night.
VERBS
Irregular Past Tense Verbs no –ed (to sing: I sang)◦Verify with a dictionary (usually spells it out for you)
Regular Past Tense Verbs –ed (to walk: I walked)
Writing (Essays)
Narrative
Expository
NARRATIVE COMPOSITION◦ Organizational Patterns: cluster, bubble map, list◦ Indentation◦ First person (I, me, my)◦ BME (Beginning, Middle, End)◦ Lesson Learned (Theme)◦ Super Sentences, STC (This is a Super Sentence because it has a WABU clause;
therefore, I will use them in my composition.)◦ FANBOYS (compound sentences)◦ WABU (complex sentences)
◦ When, Whenenver, While; After, Although, As long as; Because, Before; Unless, Until
◦ SAT (WOW) words
EXPOSITORY COMPOSITION◦ Text Structures: Cause/Effect, Problem/Solution, Description, Sequence,
Compare/Contrast◦ Indentation◦ Introduction Strategies (Anecdote, Quotation, Dictionary, Description, MNM)◦ Thesis Statement◦ Super Sentences, Variety◦ FANBOYS (compound sentences)◦ WABU (complex sentences)
◦ When, Whenever, While; After, Although, As long as; Because, Before; Unless, Until◦ SAT (WOW) words◦ Details/Examples◦ Definitions/Facts