The Newspaper of The Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka Vol. 51, No 03, May / June 2015Registered at the GPO as a Newspaper No. QD/39/News/2015

SRI LANKAENGINEERING NEWS

Established 1906

nual Sessions. The ceremonial launch for all these eventswas held at a common IESL Event held at the CinnamonGrand Hotel on 29th May, 2015. In the international arenatoo our periodic meetings with the International EngineersAlliance vis-à-vis our full signatory status to the Washing-ton Accord and membership in the International ProfessionalEngineers Agreement falls within the latter half of the ses-sions. So does the annual conventions of our four overseaschapters.

I had the pleasure of participating in the IESL NSW Con-vention 2015 and attending the Engineering Conference andthe Engineers’ Night that constituted it. The large numberof engineers and industry experts who attended it are anindication of the positive image that our engineers enjoy inAustralia. My visit to Australia was also significant for theMOU that was signed between the IESL and EngineersAustralia (EA) on June 17, 2015. Pursuant to this Agree-ment , applicants whose names appear in the InternationalProfessional Engineers Register of IESL or the CharteredProfessional Engineers of Engineers Australia whose namesappear in the International Professional Engineers Registerof Australia will qualify for registration / licensing by theother Institution if they agree to abide by the laws, rules,regulations and ethical standards and meet the continuingcompetency assurance requirements as set out by the lat-ter Institution.In June this year it’s one year since the IESL was admit-ted to the signatory status of the Washington Accord. Fel-low signatories of WA re-examine the standards, processesand sustainability of each signatory every six years fromadmission. The IESL is expected to participate as a signa-tory in Accord processes including its reviews, developmentwork and decision-making meetings’. I was accompaniedby Eng. (Prof.) Lakshman Ratnayake for attending themeeting of the International Engineers Alliance, the um-brella body of the WA, held this year in Istanbul, Turkey. Ifgaining signatory status was a difficult process the main-taining of it is much more difficult as it is not a case ofmerely maintaining the status quo but keeping up to theWA standards for an evolving global engineering educa-tion. The success of maintaining the signatory status with-out falling short of its standards will depend both on theIESL accreditation process and the universities whose de-gree programmes are accredited.

The Engineer's Night 2015 will be on Saturday, 4thJuly 2015 atthe Hotel Grand Monarch and all expectations are that it willprove to be a very enjoyable evening for the members and theirspouses.

I will end my message for this issue with that. Bye until wemeet again with next Corner.

Eng. (Dr.) S.B. WijekoonPresident of IESL

PRESIDENT’S CORNERPRESIDENT’S CORNERPRESIDENT’S CORNERPRESIDENT’S CORNERPRESIDENT’S CORNERDear Members,

We are at the beginning ofthe busy half of the session with preparations for

traditional events such as Inductionand Graduation, Engineering Excel-lence Awards , Techno Exhibition andother events associated with the An-

IESL Signs MOU WithEngineers Australia (EA)

The Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka (IESL) entered in to a five year agreement withthe Institution of Engineers, Australia (Engineers Australia) recently to facilitate themobility of Professional Engineers from one country to the other. The agreement

was signed when the President of IESL , Eng. (Dr) S B Wijekoon met with the NationalPresident of Engineers Australia, Dr. David Cruickshanks-Boyd on June 17, 2015 in Canberra,Australia.

Both the IESL and Engineers Australia are authorised to register International ProfessionalEngineers in their respective countries being members of the International ProfessionalEngineers Agreement.

GRAND AWARDFOR THE IESL/ JIY WINNERAT INTERNATIONAL LEVEL

The world’s largesthigh school science& engineering com-

petition, the Intel Interna-tional Science and Engi-neering Fair 2015, a pro-gram of Society for Science& the Public, announced itstop winners in Pittsburg,Pennsylvania, USA.Miss Sanju SubodhaSewwandi from BomiriyaCentral College won agrandaward in the Engineer-ing Mechanics category atthe Grand Award Ceremony,Intel International Science

Contd. on page 10...

Eng.(Dr.)S B Wijekoon, President IESL and Dr. DavidCruickshanks-Boyd, National President, Engineers

Australia.

and Engineering Fair, for herunique project titled ‘Support-ing Rod To Climb Stair Case’.The opportunity to participatein the international competitionarose when she won the GoldAward at the ‘Junior Inventor ofthe Year-2014’ (JIY-2014) com-petition, conducted by the In-stitution of Engineers, Sri

Contd. on page 10...

Pursuant to thisAgreement, applicantswhose names appear in theInternational ProfessionalEngineers Register ofIESL or the CharteredProfessional Engineers ofEngineers Australia whosenames appear in theInternational ProfessionalEngineers Register ofAustralia will qualify forregistration / licensing bythe other Institution if theyagree to abide by the laws,rules,regulations andethical standards andmeet the continuingcompetency assurancerequirements as set out bythe latter Institution. Theywill have to declare anyprevious application forregistration/licensing andcomplete an applicationform and pay any feesrequired.

This agreement will not applyto engineers who have ob-tained their registration/li-censing in their home coun-tries through the respectiveInstitutions by means of amutual recognition agreement

involving a professional asso-ciation of a third Institution.

IESL and Engineers Austra-lia- EA ( the equivalent bodyfor IESL in Australia) signedthe long awaited MoU to

The Institution of EngineersSri Lanka

120/15, Wijerama MawathaColombo 7, Sri Lanka

Tel: 2685490,2698426, 2699210Fax: 2699202E.mail:ed@sltnet.lk/iesl@slt.lkWebsite:http://www.iesl..lk

in this issueA Gentleman par ExcellenceDr. Mervyn P.Gunasekara............................2Editorial.....................................4

Empowering the Home Builders- Building Clinic Goes IslandWide ..............................5

IESL NEWS2Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

Event Dates

♦Induction and Graduation Friday-August 28, 2015 Ceremony♦Engineering Excellence Friday-September 04, 2015 Awards

♦Inauguration of the Friday-October 16, 2015Annual Sessions

♦Techno Exhibition Friday - Sunday, 09, 10, 11 October 2015

♦Annual Sessions Seminar Saturday- October 17,2015

♦Annual Sessions Site Visit Sunday- October 18, 2015

♦Annual General Meeting Saturday- October 24, 2015

♦Techno Awards Friday- November 06, 2015 Ceremony

TENTATIVEANNUAL EVENTS

CALENDAR2014 / 2015

The IESL records with sadness the passing away of Eng. (Dr.) Mervyn Gunasekera, PresidentIESL, 2000/2001 Sessions.

Late Eng. (Dr.) Mervyn Gunasekera was the President of the Institution of Engineers, SriLanka during the session 2000/2001. He was the recipient of the prestigious award forEminence of Engineering presented by the Institution in the year 2011. It is the highest

award an engineer in Sri Lanka can receive. He was serving as a member of the Board ofDirectors of the IESL College of Engineering at the time of his untimely death.

The IESL has recognised him as a Specialist in Project Management, ConstructionManagement and Engineering Contract Administration. He was the President of the Federationof Engineering Organisations of South and Central Asia (FEISCA) during the period 2000-2002.

He received his undergraduate degree from the University of Peradeniya, a graduate degreefrom Loughborough University, and a doctorate degree from the Postgraduate Institute ofManagement.

He was a Fellow of many prestigious bodies including the IESL Institution of Civil Engineers,UK, National Academy of Sciences, Sri Lanka and Institute of Project Managers, Sri Lanka.He was also a member of the New York Academy of Sciences, American Society of CivilEngineers and American Association of Cost Engineers.

A Gentleman par ExcellenceDr. Mervyn P. Gunasekara

by Anura Serasingha

It was with profoundsadness the messagewent around in the early

hours of May 15, 2015 of thesudden demise of Dr. MervynGunasekara who has madeoutstanding contributions tosociety. He was a well knownpersonality amongst theintellectuals and especiallyamongst the professionals inthe field of Engineering.Mervyn was a brilliant studentat Isipathana College, joinedthe Engineering Faculty of thePeradeniya Campus in 1970.Even from his earlyschooldays he was admiredfor his outstandingcapabilities, and gainedadmiration of the Principals ofthat era. Mervyn was theCaptain of the SinhalaDebating Team, President ofthe College Buddhist Societyand was a Senior Prefect.

During school days he wasfour years my senior. Theprivilege of my getting to knowMervyn closely was only afterjoining the College OBAExecutive Committee in thelate 80s. I could experienceMervyn’s great intelligence,commitment and dedicationtowards the undertaking aswell as his true love, passionand gratitude for his AlmaMater. I could state with muchappreciation without anyhesitation that efforts ofMervyn, not only benefited usimmensely in putting the keyfacts and achievements ofcollege’s 38 year history onrecord, but also to bring inclose warm relationshipamongst the Old Boys andthe Past Teachers, as well as

paved the way for theestablishment of the PastTeachers Association twoyears later.

Another instance where Iworked closely with Mervynwas in the drawing up of a newMaster Plan for the Collegeway back in 1992. The finaloutcome was that dreambecoming a reality with threenew three-storied buildings.Since then thousands ofchildren have utilized thesebuildings of the PrimarySection, constructed as perthe said Master Plan, butbeing very modest and true tohis humble qualities Mervyn,did not mention anytime abouthis particular invaluablecontribution and effort madeto his Alma Mater in thisregard.

Later years Mervynestablished his ownorganization in the field ofEngineering. His company,LAN ManagementDevelopment Service wasestablished in 1991. Whenthe company was foundedand in the first few months itwas only him operating asone man show but with thewinning of the first project herecruited a Secretary. Todayproudly the business hefounded has over 25 highlyprofessional Engineers andpositioned as a leadingProject ManagementServices Company of SriLanka. Many of the majorprojects of clients undertakenby LAN ManagementDevelopment Service arehaving project costs of well

NOTICE TOENGINEERING

FACULTYUNDERGRADUATES

WRITE TO SLEN

Be creative! Bring out the writer in you!Have an interesting story to tell? An idea to express? Aquestion to ask, or a comment to make?

Start writing now!The Editor of the Sri Lanka Engineering News (SLEN) news-letter of the IESL invites articles of technical, managerial,artistic or any other nature, even campus humour fromyou, our engineers-to-be.

The editorial staff of the IESL is ready to support yourinitiative and give it the best chance of success to be pub-lished in the SLEN.Write a true story of a project, a book review, a policypaper, a poem, or whatever you think will interest yourclan.

Send your draft materials (around 1500 words) to; TheEditor, Sri Lanka Engineering News, E-mail:dir.pub@iesl.lk

You can also post your draft article in the YOU ARETHE AUTHOR -WRITE TO SLEN blog in the institu-tions website www.iesl.lk. For clarifications call Pub-licity Officer – IESL, Tel: 2698426 Ext 232.

Editor –‘Sri Lanka Engineering News’

over Rs.200 million going upto Rs.8 billion.

But it is not the businessfounded by Dr MervynGunasekara elevated him toan outstanding gentlemanof par excellence in thesociety. His contributions tothe society were by leapsand bounds. Professionalcontributions andmemberships include,Fellow of the Institution ofEngineers Sri Lanka, TheInstitute of Civil EngineersU.K., The NationalAcademy of Sciences of SriLanka, The Institute ofProject Managers SriLanka, Member of theAmerican Society of CivilEngineers, Certified CostConsultant, the AmericanAssociation of Sri Lanka,Mervyn also served as avisiting lecturer to theUniversity of Peradeniya,University of Moratuwa,University of SriJ a y e w a r d e n e p u r a ,University of Kelaniya, andother major academicinstitutions such as TheInstitution of Engineers SriLanka, Sir John KotelawalaDefence Academy, ThePostgraduate Institute ofManagement and theInstitute for ConstructionTraining and Developmentand many other AcademicInstitutions. He was alsospecialized in ‘ArbitrationLaw’ and was a visitinglecturer to Law College.

Until his untimely demiseMervyn also served as

Contd. on page 10...

IESL NEWS 3Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

Power Sector Policy Interventions inView of Coal Power Generation

by : Eng. Jayantha Ranatunga,Chartered Engineer

Now that coal has becomethe major source of fuelfor the generation of elec-

tricity, we need to rethink on thetariff policy of the power sector.If we accept electricity as a fun-damental right of the societysuch as food, health, education,clean water, unpolluted air etc.;then the present policy of provid-ing power at the lowest bracketat a ‘heavy’ subsidy is justified.Further if we allocate the nature’sgift of hydropower, which belongsto the entire nation, one mayeven argue that the so-called sub-sidy is a myth as that is the realcost of hydro power. Rest of thehigh cost generators, such asdiesel and coal are to meet theexcessive use by the rest of thesociety and hence to be sharedby them at those high costs.

Accordingly, fixing of a very hightariff for heavy domestic users isalso the correct decision as theyhave no right or justification toconsume electricity so extrava-gantly. Those who can afford theconsumption of excessive elec-tricity shall be compelled to crosssubsidize the bottom end users.If the utility is hoping to earn asurplus from the heavy users,they need to be mind full of thetariff ceiling beyond which thesolar PV leveraged by the netmetering will be more attractivethan the grid power. When thathappens, not only the utility willlose the surplus but also will beburdened with further depressionof the day time valley in powerusage.

We need to appreciate thatthe unfortunate victims of thepresent tariff policy are the in-dustries and hotel sector,which are caught in-between.They are expected to bring inmuch needed foreign ex-change to the country; for thatthey need to be cost competi-tive with other origins and des-tinations. Given this scenario,many industries have madegood demand side manage-ment efforts by employing theenergy efficient technologiesand good management prac-tices. As such they are notto be classed alongside theextravagant domestic energyusers.

Promotion of Off Peak De-mand

The next step in rationalizingthe energy sector rests uponthe national policy makers tocreate off peak demand forelectricity. This has now be-come a more serious issuethan ever, with coal powerplants taking over the genera-tion sector. Few decadesback the dominant generatorwas hydro power. Uneven de-mand pattern was not a keyissue at that time as hydroresources were a storableform of energy.

Thereafter the Diesel powerbecame the dominant con-tributor. Here too there wasno dire need to even out the

demand as the Diesel plantscan be switched on and offat short notice. As we allknow Diesel can be storedwhen not in use.

This scenario has now com-pletely changed. Coal beinga base load plant, the switch-ing on and off at short noticeis almost impossible andvery costly. Therefore wenow have an added require-ment of facilitating a steadypower demand throughoutthe day almost evenly distrib-uted except for few minorpeaks that could be met withwater accumulated in thelarge reservoirs. Here tooone needs to have a contin-gency plan for seasonaldroughts which are more fre-quent at present.

Total Energy Generation asat 4th May 2015 (25.8GWH)

Let us analyze the possiblemeans of distributing thepower demand. Not muchcan be achieved in the do-mestic sector as the demandis mainly due to lighting andTV. Even the air-conditioninguse, though small, mostlyoccur during day time, unlikethe night heating demand inthe cold West. Hotel sectordemand is very similar to thedomestic sector and there-fore not much of a promise.

Contd. on page 10....

Can’t you reallyspare a minute?

by Pavithra Abhayawardana (BSc Eng(Hons), AMIESL-12403)

Most of the times,the common excuse we hear when

we inquire somebody whydid not they do something is“I was too busy” or “I did nothave time”.

But, when we look closely,most of the time the particu-lar errand takes less than afew minutes. So, do wemean that we could notspare ten minutes for somework. When we have 6 X 24slots of ten minutes in oneday? Do we spend each andevery minute of the day per-forming more worthwhiletasks?

Work Place

Recently, I had to work withanother government institu-tion. The coordinating officerwas an engineer and I had tocommunicate with her. Forofficial correspondence, Iwanted to have the exact lo-cation of the site, so I askedher to give me the addressof the site.

Though this may seem un-believable, it took six phonecalls to that person still fail-ing to get the address. Thefirst two excuses were “I willphone you and give it in fiveminutes”. She never calledback. The next two calls wererejected with a swift “I’m at ameeting” whisper. After that,she did not pick the phoneup.

I just needed an address. Iwas not asking her for plans,BOQs or drawings. Can aperson work at a place formonths without knowing theaddress? The mere two min-utes she did not spend togive the address backmarked her unorganized, in-effective person in my eye.

There are many remarkableindividuals out there who bal-ance extremely stressful ca-reers, several children andsocial events very success-fully. I believe the secret isthat they only concentrate on

the task in hand and usethese random few min-utes wisely.

Personal Life

How many times do wespend money and time tomake/choose greetingcards, gifts when thewhen we hear nothingfrom the receiver?

This is what happened tonine out of ten New Yearcards I sent this year,exception of the onewhich was for an oldteacher who is nearlyeighty years old. Sheimmediately called backto thank and to exclaimhow beautiful the cardwas and how happy sheis to think that I still re-member her.

I still don’t know if theother relatives andfriends got the cards orif they got lost in thepost.I believe this hap-pens when we postponethese miniscule tasks forlater they get forgottenand neglected.

We can easily take thetime out of the hours webrowse face book andread gossip which to betruthful do not serve anyworthwhile purpose.

Give that call when youremember to an elderlyrelative, visit the new bornchild of your friend howmany other things youhave in schedule. Some-times, for the few min-utes you did not spare,you will be left with guiltfor a life time.

Do not let these goldenminutes just passthrough your fingers. Putthem to good use andthey will benefit your ca-reer, personal life, men-tal sanity and pocketalike.

IESL NEWS4Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

Sports Engineeringin Sri Lanka?

I will start with two experiences I had on the abovesubject. One was in 2009,

when I fancied investigating thesecrets of fast and bouncycricket pitches and my re-search team met with the then

chief curator of Sri Lanka Cricket. We tried our best toconvince him that “there is engineering behind pitch prepa-rations” and until the media started a wide protest againsthim, he was not supportive. Finally, because of our con-tinuous struggle, we managed to dig the secrets and SriLanka Cricket was benefited eventually, but still they arenot fond of making a pilot pitch, because there is no engi-neer serving in the Sri Lanka Cricket.

The second incidence happened when I had to be a partof the investigation team on the newly built synthetic trackof the Sugathadasa Stadium. There had been several al-legations and partly those actions were responsible forthe ultimate failure. But for me, as an engineer, lack ofengineering input was the main cause for the damage.The engineer who supervised the project did not have anyexperience on synthetic track construction and he hadnot been able to control the pressure of “urgency” to com-plete the project before a major event.

You may be having more stories than me, but, still myquestion is valid. Where are we in Sports Engineering?

I urge the engineering community to be a part of this novelfield which only became official in 1998 when the SportsEngineering Research Group and the International SportsEngineering Association were formed at the University ofSheffield. Sports engineers are typically involved in equip-ment design, lab experiments and testing, computationalmodeling, field testing, working with sportsmen andsportswomen and most importantly with governing bod-ies (unfortunately most are having expertise in some otherbusinesses).

Sports engineering is a multi faceted and multi disciplin-ary filed of engineering. If you have a “say” in meetingswhere “sports” are discussed, please persuade the oth-ers to involve engineers who are willing to contribute; itwill definitely be an enormous benefit for the country,both in the results of games and monetary matters.

Udeni P. Nawagamuwanawagamuwa@gmail.com

IESL EVENTS FOR 2015CEREMONIALLY

LAUNCHED

IESL Events Launch 2015, the ceremonial launch of all its main events for the year in acommon launch was held on Friday, 29th May, 2015 at the Hotel Cinnamon Grand. TheIESL provides diverse services to its membership. Driving towards its overall vision many

of its activities are cyclic and oriented towards annual events of its ongoing session. Im-provements get added, on the way, to these cycles and annual events year after year. Allsuch events seeks interaction with the industry and needs to draw upon their support andgoodwill for their success. Official launches of events are therefore ‘Calls to Engage’ in thethese IESL events made to the industry and other stakeholders as sponsors, stallholders.etc. and contribute to the success of those events.Mentioned below are the most important of IESL annual events launched at this Event Launchceremony.

1.) The Engineers Nighton 7th July, 2015 where someof the high ranking engineersholding top posts in the pri-vate and public sector partici-pate, together with their fami-lies, gather for an evening ofsocializing while enjoyinggood food and buddy talkswith friends and colleagues,2.) The Induction &Graduation Ceremony on 28th

August is a solemn occasiongraced by a distinguishedpersonalities as Chief Guest,Guest of Honour and SpecialGuests for induction of freshIESL engineering graduandsin to the engineering profes-sion and the conferring ofcharter status to AssociateMembers of the institution.

3.) Sri Lanka Engineer-ing Excellence Awards Cer-emony on 4th September is acelebration of excellence inthe science and practice ofengineering by rewarding thebest and finest of its mem-bers, individuals, organiza-tions and companies in SriLanka for outstanding accom-plishments and achieve-ments related to engineering.Large participation, both fromthe academia and industryvying for prestigious awards

Dear Udeni

I am Eng(COL) N.GunatilakeCEng FIE(SL),MBIM(UK),the founder of Engineer ServicesRegiment of SL army

a .Goals and objective of current president are1 Speeding the administration of IESL2 Effective management system of IESL

3 Strengthen and increase the membership of IESL by providing more facilities andbenefits to members.

I would like to bring your kind attention to para 3 of above objectives.

I believe we have more than 12000 members now in IESL, if IESL wants to provide morefacilities and benefits to its members, the intended facilities must be more TANGIBLE to themembers. IESL can provide more tangible benefits through SLEN. My proposal is to have apage in SLEN as classified section. In this section members can published their advertise-ments such as buying or selling vehicles/house or property(for nominal fee).This will helpmembers in both ways As at now we go to private news papers for this matter(Pay largeamount of money)

A our members are motivated now to attend IESL meetings, annual sessions, Techno exhi-bition, family get together ? WHY time has come to think about this. Hope you will dorequired publicity to my observation.

Thanking youEng (COL) N.Gunatilake, CEng FIE(SL)

in fray at the awards cer-emony.4.) Techno Sri LankaExhibition on 9th , 10th and11th October. An event whichhas the most traction notonly with the industry butalso with the public andpolicy makers. It is the mostpreferred platform in thecountry to showcase andpromote brand names, prod-ucts and services the coun-try needs in development.

5.) Annual Sessionson 16th October – The inau-guration of the 109th AnnualSession attended by a largesection of the Corporatemembership where the

President for the new Ses-sion is inducted.

While expressing its grati-tude for their support in thepast the IESL called upon theheads of organizations andtheir representatives gatheredat the event for their contin-ued support to make theseevents successful this yeartoo. The exposure they willgain of their products andservices among the engineer-ing community at large andconsidering the fact that en-gineers play crucial roles indecision making in the na-tion building process wouldensure that the benefits fromthe interaction are mutual.

Sri LankaEngineering News

IESL NEWS 5Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

Empowering the Home Builders - Building ClinicGoes Island Wide

Reported by Eng. Kirthi Sri Senanayake.

Many who invest theirprecious money in adream home are

unaware of the proceduresthey should follow or theguidance, advice and servicesthey should seek fromprofessionals beforeembarking on a domesticconstruction. their ignoranceor reluctance to employqualified persons compel themto depend on traditionalknowledge or guidanceopinedby building traders, masons,carpenters or even astrologersand often fall a victimparticularly under complexsituations where constraints inlandextent, terrain, subsoil orthe environment etc. prevail.Homelessness andinadequacy of good qualityhouses remain a nationalproblem. Every stakeholder inthe domestic constructionindustry, may it be the policymaker, planner, architect,engineer, material supplier,developer, investor or thecontractor, has a hugeresponsibility and an importantrole to play in finding suitablesolutions.

To raise the quality andstandard of domesticconstruction it is alsoimportant to empower thehomebuilders by availingpersonalized building advice,dissemination of goodconstruction practices and afree flow of knowledge. Thishelps avoid commonconstruction pitfalls andwastage while ensuring costand safety-conscious,strategic home building free ofdefects.

“Building Clinic” is a conceptinitiated and developed by theCivil Engineering SectionalCommittee of IESL to offer pro-fessional advice free of chargeto the needy people having noaccess to proper technical ad-vice, information or knowledgefor building their homes. Build-ing Clinic is given that namefor its unique nature of func-tioning similarly to that of amedical clinic. Individual homebuilders, home owners, con-tractors, masons or any otherinterested persons attending

the clinic are received by fa-cilitating engineers and di-rected to the relevant expertbased on the nature of theirquery or the advice, infor-mation or clarification re-quired. They get one-on-one interaction opportunitywith an industry profes-sional to present any con-struction problems directlyand obtain personalized ex-pert advice and solutions,information about best con-struction practices andclarifications to dispel anybuilding myths.

Building Clinic was firstconducted as a Help Deskat the Techno2011Exhibition by IESLengineers volunteered asexperts offering advice ona variety of domesticconstruction related areassuch as; land selection,geo-technical andenvironmental features,selection and proper use ofbuilding materials, low costmethods, disasterresilience, planning andstructural design, quantitysurveying, estimation,building services includingelectrical, plumbing andsewage, rainwaterharvesting, land drainage,optimizing natural light andventilation, besides givingsolutions to problems suchas leakages, buildingcracks, malfunctioning ofseptic tank and soakagepits.Extending beyond theannual Techno, BuildingClinics were held incollaboration with the SriLanka Army at HomagamaCamp and with the NationalHousing DevelopmentAuthority at NugasevanaHousing Project inDehiowita, Kegalla.

Recognizing thedesperateneed to bridge thevast information gapexisting between theconstruction industry andindividual home builders,the Building Clinic is nowtaken directly to thedoorstep of people buildinghouses across the

island.IESL has embarkedon a programin collaborationwith UltraTech CementLanka (Pvt) Limited as its“exclusive partner”for theBuilding Clinicbased on amemorandum ofunderstanding with nocommercial binding betweenthe two parties. IESLprovides the panel ofprofessionals and technicalinformation whereasUltraTech provides logisticsupport including the venueand ensures mediacampaign to generateawareness on thisprogram.Three such clinicswere held so far this year inMaharagama, Galle andGampaha with the IESL’sexpertsresponding toqueries from over 300 homebuilders. The forthcomingevents will be in Kurunegalaand Anuradhapura.

Civil Engineering SectionalCommittee extends itsgratitude to all whocontributed to make thisprogramme successful andinvite the Members to serveas Experts in theforthcoming events.

IESL NEWS6Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

Eng. (Dr.) Ananda Ranasinghe presenting a copy of thebook titled “Guide to Conditions of Contract” to Eng.

(Dr.) S.B. Wijekoon, President of IESL to be used in theIESL Library

Book Donation byBook Donation byBook Donation byBook Donation byBook Donation byEng. (Dr.) AnandaEng. (Dr.) AnandaEng. (Dr.) AnandaEng. (Dr.) AnandaEng. (Dr.) Ananda

RanasingheRanasingheRanasingheRanasingheRanasinghe

Contd. on page 10...

Workshop on Solutions toTraffic Problem in Kandy CityIESL Centre – Central Province

Considering the immense problemsfaced by the people

who enter the city daily dueto heavy traffic congestionexperienced in all the roadsentering and leaving theKandy City, many requestsby Engineers and other non-engineering citizens weremade to IESL, to intervenein this matter and find a prac-tical and lasting solution tothis problem, IESL CentreCentral Province had orga-

Sent by Eng. C. NarasingheEditor, IESL Centre - Central Province

nized a special workshopon “Solutions to traffic prob-lem in Kandy City” on 28th

May at Oak Ray Regency,Getambe, Kandy.

Objective of this workshopwas to give a platform to ourmembership who havesome innovative ideas onhow to solve this problemto present their ideas andcompile them and submit torelevant organizations andAround 150 Engineers in

occasions where this issuewill be addressed.

Central province gatheredtogether searching solu-tions to traffic problemwhich is the most criticaltimely issue in the Kandycity limit. Eng. (Dr.) S.B.Wijekoon the presidentIESL chaired the workshopand described the role ofIESL and Kandy trafficproblem, while Eng.Wasantha Illangasinghe,chairperson IESL (Centralprovince) introduced theworkshop aims and openedthe forum for presenters.

Nine presenters from differ-ent disciplines who are wellexperienced engineers indifferent government sectorand private sector organi-zations and who are facingthe problem by themselvesday to day, as dwellers ofthe city, made very inter-esting presentations from

different perspectives. The pre-sentations consisted of magni-tude of the problem, currentlyprovided solutions and there po-sition, planned proposals,changes to habits and atti-tudes and how technology cansupport to control the trafficproblem. The presenters wereEng. Palitha Abeyakoon,Eng.(Dr.) I.M.S. Sathyaprasad,Eng. Ranathunga, Eng. J.V.K.S e n a v i r a t h n a , E n g . ( D r. )

Kamalanath Samarakoon,Eng. WasanthaPalugaswewa, Eng.Mahendra Wijepala, Eng.(Dr.) Jayalath Edirisingheand Eng. AnuruddhaRathnayake. Eng. (Prof.)Amal S. Kumarage pre-sented the proposals ofstrategic Kandy City Devel-opment Project.

It is important to note thatthe solutions were not only

IESL NEWS 7Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

IESL CENTRE(CENTRAL PROVINCE)

NEW YEAR FESTIVAL - 2015

Members and their families of the IESL Centre- Central have cel-

ebrated Sinhala & Tamil Newyear on 2nd May. Eng. Dr. S BWijekoon, President of IESLgraced the occasion. The eventwas held at Agriculture Depart-ment ground with the partici-pation of Eng.WimalasenaGamage thePresident elect, Eng. W.Illangasinghe the Chairpersonof IESL Centre – Central Prov-ince and about 200 partici-pants; members and their fami-lies.

The event was packed withmany traditional new yeargames as well as few interest-ing new games for the wholefamily. The kids as well as par-ents were very excited to takepart in the games and winprizes.

The new year function becamean occasion for all the Engi-neers to get away from theirhectic work schedules to relaxand enjoy. The festival was fol-lowed by a Paduru Party con-cluding the event joyfully withevery bodies appreciation.

IESL Holds Panel Dis-cussion on the proposed

CEPA with India

A Panel Discussion onthe proposed Comprehensive Economic

Partnership Agreement(CEPA) with India organizedby the IESL was held at theWimalasurendra Auditoriumof the institution on 28th May,2015 from 5.30pm onwards.Mr. SamanthaKumarasinghe, Chairman/Managing Director - Nature’sBeauty Creations Ltd., Archt.Nalaka Jayaweera, Eng.Lalith Kahatapitiya, Chairman- KIK Group of Companies,Mr. Kulatunga Rajapakse,Managing Director - D

Samson Industries (Pvt)Ltd (DSI) and Eng (Dr)Ananda Ranasinghe, PastPresident - The Institutionof Engineers, Sri Lankawere the panelists. Each ofthe panelists first presentedhis views and observationson various aspects of theCEPA. This was followedby a Question and AnswerSession.

The Panel Discussion waschaired by Eng. (Dr.)Ananda Ranasinghe

IESL NEWS8Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

Electric or Hydraulic Transmission, Where doesSri Lankan Railways head?

by Eng. D U L Peeligama(Life Member)

The advent of the ClassS9 Diesel MultipleUnits (DMUs) in the

year 2000 marked a water-shed in the annals of SriLankan Railways. TheseDMUs built by China SouthLocomotive & Rolling StockCorporation had electrictransmission and all subse-quent DMU orders since havefavoured this type of transmis-sion. Up to that point, com-mencing with the SchindlerClass S2 obtained in 1959,DMUs in Sri Lanka hadsported hydraulic transmis-sion. One could argue that theEnglish Electric Class S1 ofthe 1930s were the very firstDMUs with electric transmis-sion on Sri Lankan soil. How-ever, the fact that the S9s dis-played a radical departurefrom preferences for a trans-mission type hithertofavoured, cannot be ignored.

Before discussing the relativemerits of the different trans-mission types, it is pertinentto consider the characteris-tics of the diesel engine. In-ternal combustion engines,the diesel being one, developtheir power by ignition withintheir cylinders and need towork up their revolutions priorto being connected to thedrive axles of a locomotive.Thus a suitable transmissionsystem requires to be inter-posed between the engineand axles, much like in roadvehicles. The Americans whowere the pioneers in dieselrail traction chose the electri-cal method of transmission,soon to be followed by theBritish for the majority of theirinitial diesel orders. The Ger-mans on the other hand, pur-sued exclusively the hydrau-lic transmission method. Me-chanical transmissions toohave been employed, but onlyin low power applicationssuch as rail cars and shunt-ers.

In diesel electrics, the dieselengine drives a generator oran alternator as is the trendcurrently, the current fromwhich is fed to DC seriesmotors on the drive axles, withrectification as the case maybe, or AC asynchronous mo-tors which are beginning tofind wide application. In thecase of hydraulics, the dieselengine is connected to atorque converter impellerwhich forces fluid within theconverter on to a turbinewheel coupled to the driveaxles. Static guide vanes inbetween the impeller and tur-

bine multiply the torque gen-erated. In general, two typesof hydraulic transmissionsare available. For lighter ap-plications, a single torqueconverter with gearbox isemployed, the Mekydro type,as used in the ClassYHunsletshunters. The Voithtype employs up to threetorque converters, one forstarting and the others for run-ning. The Class W1 and W2locomotives had Voith typetransmissions.

The diesel scene on the rail-ways of Sri Lanka was set inmotion in the early 1950s withthe arrival of the Brush BagnallClass M1 and General MotorsClass M2 locomotives, bothdiesel electrics. The need fordevelopment and improve-ment of the suburban servicessaw the appearance of theSchindler Class S2 and MANClass S3 DMUs in the late1950s. With their German ori-gins (S2 were Swiss) they hadhydraulic transmissions.Their high power, but low trac-tive effort, lent them for idealoperation with quick accelera-tion and deceleration on theflat country they normally ranon. No question these DMUswere a boon to the thousandsof commuters in and aroundColombo who had to get tothe city for work or businesson a daily basis.

In the late 1960s, it was timefor Sri Lanka in keeping withother countries, to replace itsageing and uneconomicalsteam locomotive fleet. Thatfarsighted and exemplary en-gineer B D Rampala was suf-ficiently impressed with theperformance of the S2s andS3s to choose hydraulic trans-mission over electric,enmasse, for the new mainline diesel fleet. The resultwas the forty five Class W1Henschel and fifteen ClassW2 Karl Marx locomotivesfrom West Germany andEast Germany, respectively.Both had British built dieselengines, albeit of high rota-tional speed (1,500 rpm) asdictated by their hydraulictransmissions, Paxman12YJXL in the W1 andPaxman 16YJXL in the W2.Their low weight (around 60tons) and versatility gavethem wide route availabilitywith the higher power W2 be-ing regularly employed on theheavily graded up countryline. It must be added that theClass Y diesel hydraulicHunsletshunters too appearedaround this time. The rest,one might say, is history.

Much may have been statedelsewhere on the perfor-mance of the W1s and W2sand it is not the intent hereto analyse in any great de-tail their working. Howeverit may be relevant to note thepros and cons of the twotransmission systems.

The proliferation of hydrau-lic locomotives in Germanyis no surprise as HermannFottinger, a German, is ac-credited with the design ofthe first hydraulic transmis-sion in 1905, in relation tomarine propulsion. Their usein marine application de-clined. It took several de-cades till the 1930s for it tobe adapted to rail traction.One of the massive advan-tages enjoyed by hydrauliclocomotives initially wastheirlow weight. The charac-teristics of hydraulic trans-missions favoured the use offast revolving diesel enginesleading to the installation ofmore compact engines. Hy-draulics, as do dieselelectrics, develop maximumpower at starting. As all driveaxles are connected via onecardan shaft wheel slip isminimised, unlike inelectrics. The ability to dis-seminate heat generated inthe transmission more effec-tively than traction motors indiesel electrics, gave thehydraulics the edge in haul-ing heavy loads on continu-ous grades at low speed.Nevertheless, according toDavid Clough in “Hydraulicvs Electric”, in terms oftransmission efficiency, fig-ures of 70% to 80% arequoted for both hydraulicsand diesel electrics. Anotheradvantage was the low ini-tial cost of the hydraulics.

Now for the flip side. Thevery fact that hydraulicsemploy higher revving en-gines tends to foster greaterwear and tear and less du-rability. Their transmissionsexperience massive strainsexacerbating the wear. Hy-draulic drives rely on closemechanical tolerances forefficiency and even minutecontamination of the hydrau-lic fluid can ruin the torqueconverter. Oil leaks too arequite common. Controlscould be complicated. Addi-tionally, exacting and strictperiodic maintenance is re-quired on the hydraulicsleading to greater runningcosts.The advantages of dieselelectrics are well known.

Sketches and Photographs

Fig 1, General Arrangement of Diesel Electric Locomotive

Fig 2, Arrangement of Diesel Hydraulic Locomotive with SingleTorque Converter

Fig 3, Class M4 MLW Diesel Electric Locomotive

Fig 4, Class W3 Henschel Diesel Hydraulic Locomotive

Foremost amongst them isthat there is no mechanicalconnection forced to takethe brunt of the power out-put of the engine. The trans-missions are relativelysimple, more robust anddurable. The slower runningdiesel engines (maximum750rpm in the M1s, 900rpmin the M2s vs 1,500rpm forthe W1s & W2s) in thelonger term, prove to be re-markably long-lasting. TheDC series traction motordevelops maximum torqueat starting and with modernAC drives even higher trac-tive efforts are achievable.The latest microprocessorbased controls permit close

wheel slip control and ACdrives obviate motor burn out.Electric drives are more for-giving of mechanical wear andprecision of alignment. Longterm maintenance costs havecertainly favoured dieselelectrics. Unlike in the pio-neering days, modern dieselelectrics are comparable tohydraulics in weight.

On a worldwide basis, dieselelectrics have found wide ap-plication for main line opera-tion with hydraulics relegatedto shunting and low powerduties (our own Y ClassHunslets are an example). Asearlier stated Germany is an

Contd. on page 11...

IESL NEWS 9Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

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ta wkqj ie,lSfusoS ud<s.djs,nqoq ms<sufha yd fndai;a ms,sufhaisrsm;=f,a ^ yd muKjq& me;,s iajrEmh o" lusns jer.ekajSula fkdue;s .,a ksuejqulaksido fgdka 110 la muK jq nqoqnqÿ ms<sufha nr wdOdrl moauhguqoq yerSfusos isrsm;=f,a uQ,qlafIa;%M,h Ndú;d fkdfõ' thYS% mdo j<,qlr flaI;%M,hgfndfyda oqrg iSudfjs'

tysoS nr uqod yefrkafka j<,qlrlafIa;%M,h mqrd oevs mSvkhlskahq;=jh' ta ;=,ska ks¾us; ysrs.,aiamGsl mdIdKh oevs f;rmqulg,lafjs' ^m;=,a Tijd js,qTm%foaYfhka muKla ke.S isgsfukatu mSvkh hus ;rula fydawjfndaO lr .; yelsfjs&'

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tu ish,q wisre;d ydwNsfhda. blaujd,kakg fus

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;jo Bg wu;rj fmdf<dj ;=,msysgs mdIdKhlska by,g .,al =,l a f,i mekke. =k qwjiaa:djloS jqjo iuia: by;.=re;aj flakaøh my,ska msysgSfusjdish .; fkdyels jkafka mdowi,oS lafIa;%M,h b;d wjujSfuka m s< suh msy sg s uj qmdIdKfhka fjkaj ;ks ialkaOtallhla f,i lsS%hdlrk nejsks'

fuysoS moauhg Tnsnjd we;sms<sufha .=re;aj flakaøh uSg¾6l muK Wiska msysghs' ta wkqj;ks idOlhla f,i iSudldrsiu;=,s;;djh ;=,ska ch.kafkafuu ms<sufha .=re;aj flakaøhtjeks wiSre Wilska msysgs;;a;ajhloSh'

;jo fuysos mS<sufha iunr;djmsKsi tu oeje;a; nr odhljknjg ke.sh yels u;h ksjerosfkdfjs' ukao tu nr j,,qlriSudfjs flakaø.; fkdjS mej;sjsg ms<sufha wia:dhS;dj msKsith fya;=jk nejsks' tuksidms<sufha nr tfia jdisodhljfhdod.ekSu msKsi jqj tu nrj,,qlr uOHfha flakaø.; jshhq;= nejska ;jÿrg;a tysoSo by;iSudldrs iu;=,s;;dj tlu idOlhf,i n,mj;ajhs'

fuf,i .;al, ;jÿrg;afmk Shk mr so s i Su dl dr siu; =, s;;dj u; muKl a;jÿrg;a mokus fjuska fuuiqjsfYaIs m%;sud ks¾udk ld¾hfhaosw;r;=r chf.k we;s wfklawNsfhda.hkaoiq,q fkdfjs' taish,a, ;=,oS fufia ;ks idOlhlab,lal lr tu wruqKq bgqlrwe;s whqre ukdj fmkShkafka tatlsfkflys we;s ukd iusno;djfy,sorjs ùfuks'

ta wkqj isrerska bosrshg msysgsyia; uqød brshjs ksid .=re;ajflakaø fjkiajSu i,ld n,uq'

icSù usksia isrerl oe;a fomdbosrshg tiùfusos we;sjk wu;rn, j,g wkql=,j wia:sj, wd;;sn, fjkia lsrSfuka muklauisrer fkdfjkiaj ;nd.ksuskaiunr;dj /l .; yelsfjs' kuq;am%;sudjl tjeks n, .ekaùus l,yels jer .ekajQ lusì jeks lsisjlawka;¾.; fkdjk ;;ajhloSyia;fhka OHdk uqød ksrEmkfhaoSwe;sjk wu;r n, >q¾K isrergord.ekSug fjk;a Wml%uhkafhdod .ekSugo tjeks Wml%uyu q fj s . =r e; aj f¾L djfkdfjkiaj j,,qlr uOH ;=,u;jÿrg;a rojd .ekSugo ;rusj q fuu ms< su ;dl aIKfhafmdfydi;a nj jsfYaIfhka ioykal, hq;= fjs'

;jo tjeks wjia:djl mdobosrshg yd miqmig .ekSfukaiu;=,s;;dj /l.eksu jvd myiql%uhhs' tu.ska n,mdk j,,qlrjsIalusN mrdih jevslr .;yelsfjs' kuq;a fjk;a m%;sud fukafkdj fuysos ikaiqka brshjs okjkqmsKsi Y%s md hq., tl fm,gmsysgk mrsos fk<sh hq;= neúkaiu;=,s;;dj /lSu ;jÿrg;awiSre ;;a;ajhg m;afjs' ukaofjkia jk .=re;aj flakaøh rojd

.ekSug ;rus mq,q,al, yelsj

;snQ jsIalusN mrdih tu.ska;jÿrg;a j,ld we;s nejsks' kuq;atu wNsfhda.ho ch.ksuska bosrsiu;=,s;;dj msksi j<,qlruOHhg flakaø.; jSug iu;a jS;sfnS'

11 jeks msgqjg

IESL NEWS10Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

Industry on the other handcould help in this respectby extending their manu-facturing activities to thenight shifts. Here too thereare cultural and social is-sues as the majority of thefactory workers are femalein this country. The socialdisharmony that may re-sult by female night em-ployment can bring in ad-ditional social costs thatcan even outweigh the ben-efits of more even powerdistribution.Transport SectorGiven the above scenariowe may have to move to-wards the next majorpower consumer; thetransport sector. The railnetwork which can be eas-ily electrified could fill themorning and evening val-leys in the power demandpattern. Unfortunately itcannot create a night timedemand. Interestingly thisis not a new proposal.

Contd. from page 3...

Power Sector...

Eng Wimalasurendra wroteabout this proposal in 1914in the Institution of Engi-neers Transactions in anarticle justifying his petsubject, hydro power.

In order to encourage nighttime consumption, the au-tomobile sector, particu-larly the use of private elec-tric cars, could beincentivized to charge thebatteries during the nighttime when there is a lowertariff in operation This is amove in the right directionas the world over there isaggressive research beingconducted in reducing thecost of rechargeable bat-teries and improving thestorage capacity. Now thatthe government has re-duced custom duty forelectric vehicles, next stepis to provide rapid chargingstations and a reduced tar-iff equated to the avoidedcost of fuel, as the rest ofthe costs are sunken andunavoidable.

There are several other majorbenefits in such a policy inter-vention. It is known that coalcan be converted almost at35% efficiency to shaft power,which is same as Internal Com-bustion engine, which too op-erating at 35% efficiency, (ir-respective of whether it ispetrol of diesel). What is moresignificant is that the cost ofcoal per Joule is nearly onethird the price of liquid fuel andthat will remain so for a fore-seeable future. Accordingly,the cost advantage of coal toshaft power through electric-ity route is nearly three timesthat of the internal combustionengine of the automobile.

In addition to such major finan-cial gains, there are very sig-nificant environmental benefitstoo..Urban air pollution is com-pletely eliminated in the elec-tric vehicles. Such air pollutionwill be shifted to a high eleva-tion on top of a chimney andthat too in a sparsely populatedrural location with sufficient airflow for dilution of toxic emis-sions.

Editor Chairperson SecretaryEng. C. Narasinghe Eng. W. Illangasinghe Eng. S. Piyaratne0714426923 0773404140 0777223738

Institution of EngineersCentre- Central ProvinceTel. 081 2385903, Web :www.iesl.lk

Contd. from page 6..

Workshop on Solutions ....

looking at Engineering as-pects, the aspects like at-titude of society, behaviorsof people, innovative ideaslike how new technologylike e-commerce, signalsystems, videoconferencing… etc., whichcan be useful in reducingurban road traffic conges-tion were discussed.Other than the IESL Mem-bership, Organizationalheads and other profes-sionals who are having acontributory role towards

this issue had also beeninvited for the programme.Accordingly officers fromKandy police, hospitals,Central Environmental Au-thority, Transport Authori-ties, University ofPeradeniya etc. partici-pated and contributed ac-tively to make the programsuccessful.A Panel consisting threeeminent engineers; Eng.Prof. S.B.S. Abeyakoon(panel chair), Eng. Prof.Amal C Kumarage, Eng.Gunathilaka Bandara en-sured an active discussionsession which gained lot ofideas from the membersas well as other partici-

pants. The panel summed upthe event and it is expected todocument the outcome of theworkshop with the help of thedistinguished panel.The secretary IESL (CentralProvince) Eng. S. Piyaratnedid the vote of thanks for allparticipants, for their active par-ticipation, especially the IESLpresident, all nine presentersand the panel members fortheir great contribution tomake the workshop a very suc-cessful event.The event concluded with thehope that IESL will play a ma-jor role in establishing thesecreative solutions in Kandy citytraffic problem.Chairman of Union

Chemicals Lanka Plc, apublic listed very successfulchemicals manufacturingconcern, winning severalNational Awards, a companyfounded by his youngerbrother GaminiGunasekara.

Mervyn also did not fail toaccomplish national duty.When the country mostneeded him, he served as aVolunteer Officer of the SriLanka Air Force, attached tothe Fields ConstructionRegiment.

It is amazing how a personcould do such valuableprofessional contributions tothe society in such shortspan of time. He was mostwelcome by any institutionor association and entrustedhim with official positionsand responsibilities with nohesitation, not only becauseof his in-depth knowledge,but also because of hisgenuine commitment with

Contd. from page 1...GRAND AWARD .....

utmost integrity and honesty andthe delivery of service was of parexcellence.

In spite of all his professionalengagements he still kept everySunday dedicated to serve as aDhamma School Teacher in hisvillage Temple in Bomeriya andalso have made immensecontributions to his village schoolin Bomiriya where he learnt hisABC. Other voluntarycontributions include impart withhis in-depth Engineering andProject Management knowledgein the Construction of Temples,Churches and Kovils. In fact, twoweeks prior to his demise he wasin Jaffna assisting in the worksof constructing a new Kovil.

With all his unprecedentedservices to society, Mervyn stillfulfilled his duties to the family tomaximum being a truly a familyman, with much caring and lovefor his beloved wife Rupa whoretired as a senior banker and forhis son Ramal, a Civil Engineerwho was provided with best ofeducation and professionalguidance. May he attain the blissof Nibana.

Contd. from page 2...

A Gentleman .....

Lanka (IESL). The Junior In-ventor of the Year (JIY) com-petition promotes creativityand ingenuity among schoolchildren from schools all overSri Lanka participate, ini-tially in awarenessprogrammes& preliminarycompetitions held at the pro-vincial level with the IESLprovincial Chapters, and pro-ceed to the final JIY compe-tition held at the IESL Head-quarters in Colombo.Theirprojects are evaluated byengineers who have experi-ence more than 25 years ofengineering & research.

The Intel ISEF provides a fo-rum for over 1700 highschool students from over 70countries, to showcase theirinventions. It is the premierscience competition in theglobe, exclusively for stu-dents in grades 9 to 12.Eng Jayavilal Meegoda,Vice President, IESL said,“I am proud to say that JIYwinners are capable of com-peting and winning at anyworld stage.IESL has beenorganizing the Junior Inven-tor of the Year (JIY) compe-tition for the last three de-cades, mentoring many stu-dents to win at an interna-tional level. IESL is veryhappy to be a part in this cul-tural change that drives thenext generation of SriLankan students to beinnovative”.This is the 16thoccasion JIY winners havewon recognition at an inter-national level during last 08years.

Sanju Subodha Sewwandi, whowas the runner up at the SriLanka Science and EngineeringFair (SLSEF), was part of the SriLankan contingent at the IntelISEF which included MahendiranSivatharshan from Hartley Col-lege, Jaffna, and Tharindu Pasan,Janith Ishanka & BuddhiPramodya from Gnanodaya Cen-tral College, Kaluthara.

Every year winners of the SriLanka Science and EngineeringFair (SLSEF), a partnership be-tween the Ministry of Education,the Institution of Engineers, SriLanka, the National ScienceFoundation and Intel are sent tothe Intel International Science andEngineering Fair which honorssome of the world’s most prom-ising, innovative students, inno-vators and scientists. ISEF final-ists are selected annually fromhundreds of affiliated fairs. Theirprojects are then evaluatedonsite by more than 1,200 judgesfrom nearly every scientific dis-cipline, each with a Ph.D or theequivalent of six years of relatedprofessional experience in one ofthe scientific disciplines.

You can also participate in theIntel ISEF competition and bringhonour to mother Sri Lanka bybecoming a JIY winner. JIY 2015preliminary competitions will beheld in the months of June, July& August at the provincial level.Register today your inventions byvisiting the website www.iesl.lk/jiy.

For more details, Please contactorganizing committee of JuniorInventor of the Year Competition.(Eng Dayan – 071 8735338, Mr.Maduranga – 071 3535329)

Contd. from page 1....

recognition agreement in-volving a professional as-sociation of a third Institu-tion.

IESL and Engineers Aus-tralia - EA ( the equivalentbody for IESL in Australia)signed the long awaitedMoU to recognize Char-tered Engineers of the twoorganizations on a mutu-ally reciprocative basis.The two leaders of the or-ganization - IESL Presi-dent Dr S B Wijekoon andEA’s National President DrDavid Cruickshanks-Boydwere the signatories to theMoU.

Other present were RonWatts – Executive Gen-

eral manager, ProfessionalStandards and Practice,Engineers Australia,WarunaKaluarachchi –Chair IESL NSW Chapter,Stephen Durkin – Chief Ex-ecutive officer, EngineersAustralia, MahindaKarunaratne – Past ChairIESL NSW Chapter, Dr.PrathapaRavindra – IESLNSW Chapter.

Details at www.iesl.lknews or visit EngineersAustralia websiteThis was a journey startedwhen IESL NSW chapterwas formed many yearsago but the real thrust andinitiatives came during2013 under then IESLNSW Chapter Chair, lateEng. Kamal Fernandowhen he persuaded EA to

give an appointment with itsPresident to then IESL Presi-dent Eng. Tilak De Silva whenhe visited Australia in 2013.That lead to a strong relation-ship between the organiza-tions and the same year westarted getting their assis-tance along with officers ofIESL NSW to get trained onhow to obtain the WashingtonAccord (WA) full membership.IESL became a full member ofWA in 2014 during Eng. ShaviFernando’s presidency. Alongwith WA came the full mem-bership of the International Pro-fessional Engineers Agree-ment (IPEA) which governsworldwide mobility of profes-sional engineers among itssignatory members. The latteris what lead to the MoU whichwas pushed by both parties.

IESL Signs...

IESL NEWS 11Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

exception. Both the USand Britain experimentedwith hydraulics (SouthernPacific Railway in the US& Western Region in UK)and soon gave up in favourof diesel electrics. Singleunit diesel electrics havebeen built to power outputsup to 6,600hp, although inrecent times Voith have putout a diesel hydraulic de-veloping around 5,000hp.The travails of the W1s andW2s in comparison withother locomotives do notrequire much emphasisand are well known. TheW2s in particular hadsomewhat short lives, theirhigh revving 16 cylinderPaxman engines proving tobe very troublesome. Com-paratively, the W1s faredbetter with the 12 cylinderversion being less prone tobreakdown. Even then, thetransmissions were a bug-bear with seals, rotationalcomponents all wearingout prematurely. The factthat the lack of periodicmaintenance was verymuch in evidence exacer-bated the situation and con-tributed to their demise, isno secret. In Sri Lanka withits scarce foreign resourcesand where the requiredspares had to be importedfrom Germany, it is not sur-prising that the locomo-tives had to be flogged tokeep the railways alive withregular maintenance rel-egated to the background.It is a tribute to the railwaystaff that the W1s could bekept going for over 20 yearsdespite the prevailing con-ditions. Some W1s werere-engined with Caterpillardiesels, leading to a fewmore years of service asthe W3 Class.

Contd. from page 8....

Electric or HydraulicElectric or HydraulicElectric or HydraulicElectric or HydraulicElectric or Hydraulic.........................

isyska nfjs wkqmd;h (slender-ness ratio) hkak fuysoS i,ldn,k wfkla idOlhhs' ta wkqjoejeka; nrla ord isgsk ;;a;ajh;=, mdo j<,qlr m%foaYhg by;idOlh oevsj n,mEula lrhs' tysoStu wNsfhda.h ch .ekSug ofuu iSudldrS iu;=,s; nfjs;dlaIKh iu;ajS isgS'

wiSre iu;=,s;;d idOlh yuqfjsiq<x n,mEu o fkd;ld yershyels fkdfj s ' l s % 'j' 7 jkY;j¾Yfha isg Y;j¾Y .Kklamqrd oevs iq<x yd iq<s l=kdgqj,g fuu ms<su ,lajq njg ielwe;' m%;sud fk,Sfusos .=re;ajf¾Ldj fl;rus id¾:l f,iflakaø.; lsrSug tu ;dlaIkhiu;a jS ;snS we;ao h;a miqjwe;sjk ndysr iq,x l=kdgq jeksn,mEfuka mjd we;s jk wu;rn, >Q¾K ksfIaO lsrSugo yels;dlaIKsl .Kkhkao Bg we;=,;aj;snS we;s njg th m%N, idlaIshls'

fndai;a ms<sufhys wiSre iSudldrSiu;=,s;;dj jvd;a lemS fmfka'tys miqmiska w,xldrh msKsikQ,la ̂mqkkQ,& wLKav f,i fk,d;snSfuka lsisÿ miqìus wOdrlhlafkd;snQ njg idlaIs orhs'

Bg idfmalaIj .;al, nqoaOm%;sudfjs msgqmfiys us'uS' 500 lmuk odrhla msysgk mrsos fk,dwe;' th isriaj kuq;a m%;sudfjsyevhg wkql+,j msysgd ;sfns' tuodrh w;S;fha lsishus miqnsuswdOdrlhla ioyd Ndjs;d lf,aohkak mejiSu wiSreh ukao fndai;ams,sufhka fy,sorjs jk mrsosiSudldrS iu;=,s;;d ;dlaIKfhkaiukajs; jq tjeks hq.hl tawdikakfha bosl, fuu ms<suhgotu ;dlaIKhu fhdod .;a;dgiel ke;'

ta wkqj tu odrh fuu oejka;m s< suhg iunr;dj m sK siwdOdrlhla ioyd Ndjs;d l, njms<s.ekSu ;¾ldkql+, fkdfjs' ;jonqÿ ms,suh miqnsfus we;s w;S;fhabosl, .fvd,a ;dmamho jk i;=kayd ndysr Wjÿre j,ska mss<suhgwdrlaIdj iemhQjd jkakg we;'

ta wkqj fuu m%;sud folu Y;j¾I .Kkdjla mqrd by; oelajQiSudldrS wisre iu;=,s;;dj u;ksremøs;j mej;s nj fmkShhs'

m%;sudjkays yia; uqød yevfk,Sfuso s wiuus;sl jSfuka.=re;aj flakaøh fjkia jSfuswi Sr e;djg wu;rj tfi afk,SfusoS je,usg yd Wrysia m%foaYj,g fhfok wu;r jsYd, wd;;syd f;rmqus n, yuqfjs ia:gslmdYdkfha nsoS hdulg ,la fkdjS/l.ekSug tu ;dlaIKh iu;ajS we;' ta ioyd iajdNdjsl mdIdKms,sno oekquo w;sYhska jeo.;afjs'

iajdNdjsl ia:ál mdYdkhkaysiajdNdõl me,qus ÿ¾j, ia:r ydÿ¾j, msysgqus ;, jevs wdk;s;, wdoS jsjsO ÿ¾j,;djka mj;Sks¾udK lrkfhaos yels;dla oqrgtajd j,lajd .ksuska yd u.yrsuskafk,Sus isoqlsrSu msksi ta ms,snomQ¾j wjfndaOhla yd oekqula ;snshhq;= fjs' ms,su fk,Su ioydfhdodf.k we;s ;dlaIkh tu

oekqfukao fmdfydi;a nej smeyeos,sfjs' iuia: ms,su ks¾udkhie,lSfusos mdoug ndysrska .s,ajqjsYd, mdYdkh isriaj rojd.ekSuo bka fgdka .kkl jsYd,nrla ord.ekSuo" ta yd iu.skaYs% md hq., ksu lsrSug midrelekSus lsrSuo" tfia lekSfusos Ys%md hq.,fhys wkqmd;sl mrsudKhyd iuus;sl nj /l .ekSuo"tysoS iSudldrS iunr;dj /l.kqjia .=re;aj f¾Ldj j<,qlruOHhg b,lal jk mrsos lekSusisÿ lsrSuo" hk wruqKq my tljsg bgq lr .ekSu fuys jqflakaÿSh jq yd oejeka; ;dlaIKslwNsfhda.hhs'

tfukau wfkla w;g .;a l,fgdka 110l úYd, nrla ord.ksñkams<sufha my, mdIdK fldgial%ufhka bj;a lrñka midrelekSus isÿ lsrSfusos uqyqKmdkwfkla wNsfhda.h jkafka tjeksmidre lekSulos l%ufhka mdIdKhlaIh fjuska hk ;;a;ajh ;=,nr ord.ekSfus yelshdj o taiu.u wvqjS hduhs túg iq¿jrolska jqj kej; ms,shus l,fkdyels wjodkulg ms<suhm;afjs'

úYd, nrla ord isgshoS isÿ lrkmidre lekSfusoS hus w;miq jSulskajevsmqr laIh jSula (Over Break)isÿ jqjfyd;a jk lafIa;%:,wvqjSfusos we;sjk jsYd, f;rmqusn, ord.ekSug ms<suhg lsisfiaa;ayels fkdfjs' ;jo tjeks jevsmqrlekSus ;;a;ajhla ;=,oS .=re;ajf¾Ldj j,,qlr uOH iSudfjkabj;g jsia:dmkh jSfus we;sbvlvo jevsh' tu ksid ksismd,khlska hq;=j lekSus isÿlsrSuwjYH fjs' ta ioyd ia:gslmdIKkfha ÿ¾j, ;eka TiafiamQ¾j mssmsrSus (Fatigue Failure)werUsh yels nejska th je,elajSumsKsi lekSfus rsoauhdkql+, njje,elajSu yd lusmk je,lSuioyd mshjr .; hq;= fjs' fusms<sufha id¾:l ksudfjka fmkShkafka ta ish,q wNsfhda. ch.ekSug wjYH mQ¾j oekqfukafuu ks¾udK ;dlaIKh fmdfydi;aj S we; s njh s ' fu s i sh¿wNSfhda.hka tlúg ch.ekSugisÿj we;af;a iuia: ms,sufhaiu;=,s;;dj wLKavj wiSreiSudldrS iu;=,s;;dj hk ;ksidOlhla u; uq,qukskau /oSmej;Su fya;=fjks'

fus wkqj ks¾udK ;dlaIKfhajsYsIag;ajh iusnkaOj ieljska.;al, fgdka 110l m%;sudfjs nrusg¾ yhl muK by,ska Uijd;nd .ksuska (1) midre lekSusu.ska Ys% md hq., u;=lr .ekSfusosbosrs iu;=,s;;dj /lSu ioyd.=re;aj f¾Ldj j,,qlr uOH ;=,mj;ajd .ek Su" (2) fomiiunr;dj msKsi ms<sufha nrwdrlaIs;j fnoShk mrsos iuus;sljfk<Su (3) tysos isrer yd YS% mdomrsudK wkqmd;h /l.ekSu ^4&bosrshg msysgs yia; uqÿd fya;=fjka.=re;aj f¾Ldj bosrshg jsia:dmkhjSfusos mjd Ys% md hq., tl fm,gmsysgk mrsos ilid iSudldrSiu;=,s;;dj wLkavj /l .ekSu(5) yrialv lafIa;%m,h wvqjS nroerSu ÿ¾j, jS oevs wjodkulgm;ajsh yels jevsmqr lekSus fkdjkmrsos md,kh lsrSu (6) isyska nfjswkqmd;h W,a,x>kh fkdjk mrsosmdo lekSus md,kh lsrSu (7)

lekSfusos ÿ¾j, mdIK ia;rUiafia msmsrSus werUSu j,lkqmsksi rsoauhdkql+, lekSus ydlusmk je,elajSu wdoS ish,qwNsfhda. yd wiSre;d yqoqiSudldrS iu;=,s;;dj ;=,skach.ekSu fuu ;dlaIKjsYsIaG;ajhhs'

fuu jsYsIag ks¾udKhkams,snoj ie,lSfusos ta ms,suwdikakhg jdyk meusKSuj,ld ; sn Su ;dl aIK sljYfhka .;al, b;d jeo.;a;SrKhls' ;jo fmdoqfjs tjeksms<suj, mokus iaMGsl mdIdkÿ¾j, jSu iajdNdjsl Wjÿre"j,ld m sy sg s N +u s fh ai a : djr; ajh " m s s < s uj,ia:dhs;dj iy isriaj meje;auiy;sl lrkq msKsi wLkavj;dlaIKsl jYfhka fidhdne, Sfu s jeo.;alu fu sfudfydf;a mqrdúoHd wxYfj;o wjOdrkh flf¾' taioyd m qr dj s oH dfomd¾;fuska;=jg wkqhqla;j;dlaIk yd bxcsfkare wxYhlaia:dms; lsrSu jvd;a jeo.;afj' tu.ska wo Ndjs;hg o.ekSug ;rus jsYsIagjq ;j;afujeks hgm;a jq w;S;;dlaIK l%ufjso yd ryia;dlaIKfhka fidhd n,dfkdj,yd f,djg odhdolsrSug yelsjkq we;'

iSudldrS iu;=,s;;d we;swjia:d iajNdj O¾ufha mjdoel.ekSu b;d jsr,h' tjeks;;a;ajhla ;=, ia:djrj msysgsiajdNdjsl mdYdkhla lekSusisÿlr w;sYh ishqus ydoejeka; ks¾udKhla UiafiaiSudldrS iu;=,s;;dj lrdfufyh jSu hkq u sk si ab;sydifha fukau bxcsfkare;dlaIkfha w;s jsr, isoaOshls'wka lsisÿ ;ekl olalgfkdue;s mrsos tlu idOlhf,i ms<sufha iunr;djiSudldrS wiSre iu;=,s;;dju; mokus lr" th Wmrsulrkq msKsi .=re;aj f¾Ldjb;d ksrjoHj j,,qlr uOH;=, Wmrsuj ia:dk.; lsrSug;rus tod ;dlaIKh flf;laiu;ajSo h;a ̂fmdÿ ms,s.eksugwkqj& ksoka fydreka jsiskansofy,k ;=reu ishjia.Kkdjla mqrd ke.Sisgsïkafuu m %; su d fol b;dksremÿs;j mej;Sfukau BgidlaIs imhhs'

tmukla fkdj m%;sud kej;tijSfusoS iu;=,s;;dj /l.ekSu msKsi fldkalS %gsfldgia u.ska iúlsrSu" u,fkdlk lusì jeo aoùu"jer.ekajq yria nd,al wdoSf,iska kQ;k n, Wml%ulSmhlau Ndõ;d lsr Sugisÿùfuka fmkShkafka taish,a, fjkqjg ;ks iSudldrSwiSre iu;=,s;;d idOlhg,>qlr ms,suj, iu;=,s;;dj/l .ekSug tØ iu;a jQwoajs;Sh ;dlaIksl yelshdjhs'

.;sl iu;=,s;;dfjka (Dy-namic Equilibrium) hq;= m%lgnensf,dakshdkq t,af,k Whkaiys; f,dal mqÿu w;f¾”iaÓ;sl iu;=,s;;djh (StaticEquilibrium) fus hhs f,djgfy,slrkq msksi'

wiSre iSudldrS iu;=,s;;djhUiafia " tu jsYsI aG;ajhjsoyd,uska Ys% ,xldfjkake.Sisgsk w.aksos. wdishdfjsj sYd,;u ud,s.dj s, nqÿms<ssuh yd ofUsf.dv fndai;ams s<suh tu mqÿu w;rgfuf;la tl a lr f.kfkd;snSuo hus mqÿuhl's thm%;sud ksuejqus ;dlaIKhms,sno .fjsIKfha isÿjqm%udohla nj fmkShhs' fuysoSwjOdrKh lrkqfha f,djfjk;a lsisoq ;ekl olakgfkd,efnk tu iqj sfYaI;dlaIKsl wkkH;djhs' tuksid hqfkiaflda ixjsOdkh taioyd jyd fhduq lsrSug m%udojS fydaa wo mshjr .; hq;=jwe;' ta wruqKska hq;=j m<uqjtu m%;sud fol f,dal Wreuhkaf,i kus lsrSug hqfkiafldajjyd l%shd l, hq;=j we;';jo Bg n, lsrSu ioydfm,.efiu sk a m s, su;dlaIKfha tod mej;s oSmjHma; njo mila lruska jevs

iunr;djfhka hq;=j wjqlkm s< srejo rcrg l,djejm%foaYfhka ke.SisgS'

fuysoS bxcsfkare lafIa;%hg kjixl,amhlao tla lruska iSudldrSwiSre iu;=,s;;dfjka (criticallimited stability) hq;=j ke.Sisgsk fuu iqjsfYaIs bxcsfkareuhksudjka f,djg t,s olajkakghqfkiafldaj fj; n, lrkqmsksi rcho bxcsfkare mSGotjeks wdh;ko fmruqK .;hq;=j we;' ta Uiafia tu kjiu;=,s;;d ixl,amh lafIa;%hgtla lsrSfus lS¾;sho Ys% ,xldjg,nd oSug yelsjkq we;'

^fuu ,smsh ieliSfusoS f;dr;=re,ndoSfuka iyh jQ osia;%Sla mqrdj soHd ks<Odr Sk a jk ,d, afygsáwdrpsÑ yd tia'mS' r;akdhlhk uy;ajrekago úúO iyhÿka tus'tus'cs'fla' uqykaosrus ydohd .=kr;ak hk m%Odkbxcsfkare uy;=kago fla'ta'ms'u xc q, d fufkúhgolD;fjsoS;ajh msrskefus&

9 jeks msgqfjka

The S2 and S3 DMUs providedyeoman service and clockedup hundreds of thousands ofmiles of running before beingwithdrawn. None of the subse-quent classes of hydraulicDMUs fared better, all beingscrapped after a very fewyears. In the end economicsproved to be too costly to keepthe hydraulics going, apartfrom the Class YHunsletshunters.On the other hand, almost allclasses of diesel electrics havebeen going on for year afteryear, seemingly unstoppable,the ALSTOM M9s being an ex-ception. Needless to mention,the legendary M2s have com-pleted 60 years of service andeven the M4s are in to their 40th

year. From all the overwhelm-ing advantages of the dieselelectrics, one aspect standsoutclear, the low revving dieselengine. Wherever engine revsare kept below 1,000rpm orso, long life can be expected.Sri Lankan railways have notgone in for main line hydrauliclocomotives since the W1sand W2s and now, the DMUsare all diesel electric. Thereseems little doubt where SriLankan railways are headingin terms of transmission types.

It is always easy in hindsightto apportion blame to the hy-draulic W1s and W2s as be-ing a failed venture. EvenHomer nods, they say. This iscertainly not in any way, a sug-gestion of any slight on MrRampala’s reputation andlegacy. He was a bold vision-ary who was not afraid to ven-ture out in to unchartered terri-tory and try out innovations. Hewas “Mr Railway”, the man whoushered in the golden era ofthe Sri Lankan Railways. How-ever, one factor is clear, SriLankan railways will mostlikely, not go in for hydraulictransmissions again, at leastnot in the foreseeable future.References:“Hydraulic vs Electric”, DavidN Clough, Ian Allen Publish-ing, 2011“Hydraulic Transmission forDiesel Traction”, A Feulner,1974

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IESL NEWS12Sri Lanka Engineering News - May/June 2015

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