SRF Linac Development for Indian Energy Program Shekhar Mishra Fermilab Rakesh Bhandari and Vinod...
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Transcript of SRF Linac Development for Indian Energy Program Shekhar Mishra Fermilab Rakesh Bhandari and Vinod...
SRF Linac Development for Indian Energy Program
Shekhar Mishra
Fermilab
Rakesh Bhandari and Vinod Sahni VECC & BARC
IIFC Collaboration
Introduction
• Indian Institutions and Fermilab have been collaborating on High Energy Physics, since 1986.
• In 2003, Indian Institutions and Fermilab Collaboration (IIFC) initiated an effort to expand this collaboration to include High Intensity Proton Accelerator R&D and related Physics programs. (http://iifc.fnal.gov)– Indian Department of Atomic Energy Laboratories
• BARC, RRCAT, VECC, IGCAR, NFC, TIFR – Universities
• IUAC, University of Delhi, Pubjab, IITs, BHU, Cochin, …
• Collaboration is doing joint R&D for High Intensity Proton SRF Linac development for their respective programs.– Fermilab
• High Energy Physics (HEP), Nuclear Physics (NP), Nuclear Energy (NE)– India
• Nuclear Energy Program in India, and HEP, NP and NE at Fermilab
BARC-TIFR: Heavy Ion Accelerator
Accelerator layout
Superconducting LINAC Booster
Pelletron
Beam hall
Helium Refrigerator
Superbuncher + 3 Modules
4 M
odules
to new beam hall
Analyzing magnet
IUAC: Pelletron and SRF Linac
Upgrade to ECR based High Current Injector
Laboratory capable of developing SRF
accelerator
VECC: Cyclotron and RIB• Superconducting Cyclotron• Radioactive Ion Beam Facility• R&D on Superconducting RF Linac• Strength
– Cryogenic– Mechanical Engineering– RF Power
RRCAT: 2.5 GeV Light Source
Indus-2 Ring in the Tunnel RF Cavities installed in Indus-2 Ring
Long Straight Section LS-6 Assembly Transport Line-3 Joining on to Indus-2
India: LHC Accelerator Contribution
7080 Nos. Magnet Positioning
System Jacks MCS (1146 Units) &
MCDO (616 Units)
Magnetic measurements teams- ~100 Man-years
5500 Nos. Quench Heater Power supplies( QHPS)
1435 Nos. Local Protection Units
A part of DAE’s contributions installed in LHC Tunnel at CERN
Proton IS50 keV
RFQ3 MeV
DTL20 MeV
DTL/CCDTL
Super-conducting
SC Linac
1 GeV
100 MeV
Normal Conducting
High current injector 20 MeV, 30 mA
Design completed and fabrication is in progress
ECR Ion Source RFQ DTL
Beginning/End Cell Coupling Cell Elliptical SC Cavity
Phase 1
Phase II
Phase III
Accelerator Development for ADS
Nuclear Power Reactor
Start of construction to power on grid in about Five yrs.
Indo-US Nuclear Treaty
Indian: 10-15 Years Strategy
• A multi-MW Proton Source is one of part of 3rd stage– Multi MW CW beam at 1-2 GeV could be the accelerator technology
demonstration project corresponding to 10s of MW electrical power if applied to a suitable Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactor.
• Indian DAE laboratories armed with these expertise in accelerator and reactor technologies have proposed to enter in the 3rd stage of its Nuclear Energy Program.
11
Fermilab: 10 Years Strategy
12
• A multi-MW Proton Source, Project-X, is the main part of Fermilab’s strategy for future development of the accelerator complex.– 3 MW, CW H- beam at 3 GeV– 2 MW, pulsed beam at 60-120 GeV from the Main Injector
Jan 2009: Addendum MOU III
• MOU that includes All SRF aspects of – High Intensity Proton Accelerator.– SRF infrastructure – Personnel exchange and Training
of manpower– Indian Industries involvement
• Working to expand this collaboration to all aspects of the Linac.
Phase I: R&D @ Indian Institutions
• Fermilab is developing HIPA (Project-X) as a national project with International participation.– Indian DAE laboratories are 1st international partner.
• Indian Accelerator Program for Nuclear Energy and Fermilab High Intensity Proton Accelerator program are aligned by design.
Indian Institution
SSR0 SSR1 SSR2 β=0.6 β=0.9
325 MHz2.5-160 MeV
ILC
1.3 GHz 2-3 GeV
650 MHz 0.16-2 GeV
SRF Infrastructure
IUAC: Fabrication of SSR1
• SSR1 cavities are under fabrication at IUAC
Major components of SSR1 – = 0.22, f = 325 MHz
Formed Niobium Half cell
InspectionForming Machining
RRCAT: Development of Elliptical Cavity
• RRCAT is developing a complete SRF facility for elliptical cavities, design, fabrication, processing and testing.
Setting inside IUAC EBW Chamber
Frequency measurement
0 10 20 30 401.0E+08
1.0E+09
1.0E-02
1.0E-01
1.0E+00
1.0E+01
1.0E+02
TE1CAT002 - Q vs. ETest on 3/3/2010
Eacc [MV/m]
Q0
Rad
iati
on
[m
R/h
]
1-cell Cavity 2k test result
• These cavities have been barrel polished at Fermilab and awaits further processing and testing.
• RRCAT in collaboration with IUAC will fabricate 2, 7 cell, 1300 MHz cavities to validate their procedure and infrastructure.
• Cavities were processed (ANL) and tested at Fermilab.
• No Field Emission• Quench at Equator (~20
MV/m)• The equator weld and
welding procedure will need improvements.
650 MHz, 1-cell development
• Design and manufacturing of 650 MHz cavity• Calculation of Mechanical Deformation for b = 0.6 and b
= 0.9 single cell cavityBoth ends fixed
Applied Pressure= 2 Bar
Max stress = 33.4 MPaMax Displacement= 85.5 um
One end open
Applied Pressure =2 bar
Max stress = 75.4 MPaMax Displacement= 0.942 um
650 MHz Cryomodule DesignBased on TESLA/ILC Cryomodule design: Vacuum Vessel 46 in diameter.
Retaining essential features of T4CM design.
Incorporating Value Engineering Changes.
The Cross section
The 3-D Model
RRCAT-FNAL CRYOMODULERRCAT-FNAL CRYOMODULE
The 3-D Model (Under designing)
Cavity Processing Building (Expected to be ready by mid of 2011)• The building will house clean rooms
Electron Beam welding machine, High Vacuum Annealing Furnace, Electro-polishing setup, Centrifugal barrel polishing machine etc.
SCRF Lab Building (Expected to be ready by mid of 2011)• The building will house Cavity forming
facility, machining facilities, CMM, SIMS, material testing facility etc
SRF Infrastructure Development
Indigenous Development of Nb
NFC, Hyderabad (materials development)
RRCAT, Indore ( electrical and superconducting properties, elemental analysis)
SUMMARY & COMPARISION OF TEST RESULTS
S.No. Source Sample IDRRCAT RRR
Results
Measurement results
1 NFC Nb/NFC/I80Nb III/U/B
96 ( 20.03.09)
2 NFC Nb/NFC/IU1/Ti clad expt98
( 06.04.09)
Phase II: Non-SRF Elements
• The Phase II of this collaboration is under discussion. It is expected to expand all non SRF areas of Project-X– Tied to the construction of Project-X at Fermilab
• Elements of Phase II:
– Front End: Source and RFQ
– 325 MHz RF Power
– Instrumentations and Controls
– Superconducting Magnet
– Cryogenics
Schematic of the ECR Ion Source
Ion source with 3 electrode extraction system made & Testing is in progress
BARC: ECR Ion Source
• Five electrodes• 2.45 GHz• 50 keV• 50 mA• 0.02 cm-mrad
BARC: 325 MHz RFQ Design Parameters Value Units
I/O energy 0.05/2.5 MeV
Ion H-
Current 10 mA
Frequency 325 MHz
R0 0.365 cm
Rho 0.321 cm
Synchronous phase -30 deg
Vane Voltage 77.4 kV
Modulation 1.95
Es 29.25 MV/m
Input RMS emittance 0.025 pi cm-mrad
Total length 2.9 m
RF power 290 kW
Output RMS emittance 0.027 pi cm-mrad
Output long emittance 0.188 deg-MeV
Transmission 96 %
Total Power Gain : 20 dB 3dB Band width : 10 MHz No. of modules : 4 plus 1 drive module Efficiency : 50% Devices LR301, DMD1029 VSWR of each Module & Total amplifier : <1.2
Wilkinson designed based power combiners /splitters at 2KW (1:8) and 1KW (1:4) power levels
At 1KW, with transmission loss of < 7%. Return Loss :> 20dB at combining port and >13 dB
at dividing ports Isolation >28 dB 8 modules test set-up for 2.5 kW is underway Single RF module
RF amplifier set up
1:8, 2 kW power combiner1:4, 1 kW power combiner
BARC: Solid-state Amplifier
325 MHz
Summary
• Indian accelerator laboratories have indigenously build and operate several SRF injectors.– Significant “In-Kind” contribution to LHC
• The 3rd stage of the Indian Nuclear Energy program would require a high power proton accelerator for Transmutation and Thorium based reactor.
• Indian Institutes and Fermilab Collaboration (IIFC) are jointly working on all aspects of SRF accelerator R&D– That could lead to high power, CW, SRF Proton Linac in
respective countries.
• Considerable progress are being made in• Cavity and Cryomodule (325, 650 and 1300 MHz)• SRF Infrastructure• 325 and 650 MHz RF Power• Instrumentation and Controls