SQL Unicode

8/7/2019 SQL Unicode

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THET NAUNG HTUT

SQL


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Table of ContentsSQL INTRO .............................................................................................................. 8

SQL Syntax ............................................................................................................. 9

SQL SELECT Statement ........................................................................................10

SQL SELECT DISTINCT Statement ...........................................................................11

SQL WHERE Clause ................................................................................................11

SQL AND & OR Operators .......................................................................................13

SQL ORDER BY Keyword ........................................................................................14

SQL INSERT INTO Statement ..................................................................................15

SQL UPDATE Statement .........................................................................................16

SQL DELETE Statement ..........................................................................................17

SQL TOP Clause .....................................................................................................18

SQL LIKE Operator .................................................................................................20

SQL Wildcards........................................................................................................21

SQL IN Operator .....................................................................................................22

SQL BETWEEN Operator .........................................................................................23

SQL Alias ...............................................................................................................24

SQL Joins ...............................................................................................................25

SQL INNER JOIN Keyword .......................................................................................26

SQL LEFT JOIN Keyword ..........................................................................................27

SQL RIGHT JOIN Keyword .......................................................................................28

SQL FULL JOIN Keyword .........................................................................................29

SQL UNION Operator ..............................................................................................30

SQL SELECT INTO Statement..................................................................................31

SQL CREATE DATABASE Statement ........................................................................33

SQL CREATE TABLE Statement ...............................................................................33

SQL Constraints .....................................................................................................34


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SQL NOT NULL Constraint ......................................................................................34

SQL UNIQUE Constraint ..........................................................................................35

SQL PRIMARY KEY Constraint .................................................................................36

SQL CHECK Constraint ...........................................................................................37

SQL DEFAULT Constraint ........................................................................................39


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WINDOW PC mysql install mysql installating sql XAMPP XAMPP

What is XAMPP? Apache web server install MySQL, PHPand Perl server XAMPP Apache install XAMPP MySQL, PHP and Perl download, extract and start Apache internet server limit free server

WINDOW XAMPP (http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-windows.html)

XAMPP package download software window vista window7

Start >control panel>User Accounts and Family Safety>Turn user Account Control on or off>[turn user account control on or off ]

Download XAMPP run run window enter Yes or NO

yes run x y x run Run XAMPP Control Panel Application Box start XAMPP FOR WINDOW XAMPP Control Panel Application Box Apache and MySpl start running mysql
http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-windows.htmlhttp://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-windows.htmlhttp://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-windows.htmlhttp://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-windows.html


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SQL Start>All Programs>Accessories>Command Prompt Start>Run>cmd Command promt box mysql space bar -uroot mysql uroot -u user root default name

mySQL

cmd

message

Exit

() - Command promt SQL SQL software directory SQL directory


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Destop >my computer> right click> properties >Advanced >Environment Variables system variables Path>Edit>variable-value ;c:\xampp\mysql\bin

ok Start >Run > cmd mysql uroot sql welcome monitor current sqlcode command pront run

() - directory mysql command promt user

notepad notepad C:\XAMPP\mysql\bin\mysql.exe -uroot save save save .bat

- mysqlopen.bat bat file double click mysql -


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Sql installation

CONFIGURING MYSQL

MySQL installing MySQL configuring shoutcut Start >Search Box>Search Box cmd cmd right click >Pin to start menu start menu cmd

copy>Desktop>right click>paste shoutcut shoutcut start in Window form Shoutcut right click>properties>layout

SETUP PASSWORD MYSQL

MySQL security password update password webbrowser MySQL StartRuncmd screem mysql uroot mysql


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mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET Password = PASSWORD ( thetnaung ) WHERE User = root; 1 rows affected Query ok mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

exit > mysql uroot error password > mysql -uroot p password password

password -mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET PASSWORD = Password WHERE User =root;

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

password mysql uroot


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SQL INTRO 8

SQL INTROWHAT IS MYSQL?

SQL Structured Query Language ( ) definition -

MySQL

database management system

Database data Database List database data corporate network () - database computer database data add MySQL Server databasemanagement system computer Database management system data management central standalone application Database

MySQL relational database management system Relational database storeroom

table data (flexibility) Data Database engine storeroom computer database SQL (Structured Query Language) language database MySQL SQL (Structured Query Language) standardlized language SQL (American National Standards Institute) ANSI/ISO SQL Standard

SQL 1986 version manual 1992 SQL-92 1999 SQL-1999 SQL-2003 SQL current version SQL current version

Why should we use MySQL?

MySQL database popular Webapplication LAMP software stack component database MySQL eg PHP, WordPress, phpBB, Drupal software LAMP software stack Wikipedia, Google andFacebook MySQL MySQL highlyscalable website

What Can SQL do?

Database Database data Database records Database records update Database record delete Database


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SQL Syntax 9

Database table Database Database view Table, procedure, views

SQL CAN DIVIDED INTO TWO PART ARE (DML AND DDL)

Data Manipulating Language(DML) - Data

SELECT Database data UPDATE Database data DELETE Database data delete INSERT INTO Database data

Data Manipulattion Language(DML) - SQL DDL database table (key) Table link Table DDLstatement

CREATE DATABASE- DATABASE ALTER DATABASE- DATABASE modified CREATE TABLE- Table ALTER TABLE- Table modified DROP TABLE- Table delete CREATE INDEX- (search key) DROP INDEX- delete

SQL SyntaxDatabase TablesDatabase table Table ( ) row record Persons

P_ID LastName FirstName Address City

1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon

2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar St Yangon

3 Thetnaung Mg WinZin Meiktila

table records column field column field MgMg ,U, 21Street value

SQL Statements

SQL statement SQL statement records


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SQL SELECT Statement 10

SELECT * FROM Persons

Semicolon after SQL Statements?

database system SQL statement semicolon Semicolon database system SQL statement MS Access

SQL Server 2000 statement semicolon

SQL SELECT StatementSelect statement database data select

SQL SELECT Syntax-SELECT column_ name

FROM nameAnd

SELECT * FROM table_name

SQL SELECT Example:Persons TableP_ID LastName FirstName Address City

1 MgMg U 21 Street Dagon Yangon

2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar St Bahan Yangon


columns LastName FirstName select SELECT LastName, FirstName FROM PersonsResult:LastName FirstName

MgMg U

KyawThu Mg

Thetnaung Mg

SELECT * Example


asterisk (*) star columns select Result :P_ID LastName FirstName Address City

1 MgMg U 21 Street Dagon Yangon

2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar St Bahan Yangon



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SQL SELECT DISTINCT Statement 11

SQL SELECT DISTINCT StatementTable column ( list selectdistinct statement

SQL SELECT DISTINCT SyntaxSELECT DISTINCT column_name

FROM table_name

SELECT DISTINCT ExampleThe Persons table:P_ID LastName FirstName Address City


2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar Yangon3 Thetnaung Mg WinZin Meiktila

City selectdistinct statement SELECT DISTINCT City FROM PersonsResult -City

Yangon

Meiktila

SQL WHERE ClauseThe WERE clause record record

SQL WHERE SyntaxSELECT column _names

FROM table_name

WHERE column_name/ operator values

WHERE Clause ExampleThe Persons table:P_ID LastName FirstName Address City


2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar Yangon



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SQL WHERE Clause 12

Yangon select SELECT * FROM Persons

WHERE City = YangonResult

P_ID LastName FirstName Address City1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon

2 KyawThu Mg 32 yantanar Yangon

Quotes Around Text FieldsSQL single quote (Database system doublequotes ) quotes ( ) example For text values:This is correct:SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstName = UThis is wrong:SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstNma = UFor numeric values:

This is correct:SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE Year = 1986

This is wrong:SELECT * FROM Persons WERE Year = 1965WHERE Clause operator Operator Description

= Equl

Not equal

> Greater than

< Less than

>= Greate than or equal


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SQL AND & OR Operators 13

SQL AND & OR OperatorsAND & OR operator record

THE AND & OR OperatorsAND operator condition

condition

record

display OR Operator conditiuon condition record display

AND Operator ExampleThe Persons tableP_ID LastName FirstName Address City



3 Yan Naung Mg WinZin Meiktila4 Yan Aung Mr TharkayTa Yangon

Mg first name KyawThu last name SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE FirstName = MgAND LastName = KyawThuP_ID LastName FirstName Address City


OR Operator Example Mg U statement

SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstName = UOR FirstName = Mg

Result P_ID LastName FirstName Address City

1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar Yangon

3 Yan Naung Mg WinZin Meiktila

Combining AND & OR AND OR ()


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SQL ORDER BY Keyword 14

Persons table kyaw Thu lastname Mg Mr


WHERE LastName = KyawThuAND

(FirstName = Mr OR FirstName = Mg)


2 KyawThu Mg 32 yantarnar Yangon

SQL ORDER BY KeywordORDER BY Keyword result sort ()

The ORDER BY Keyword The ORDER BY Keyword column result sort The ORDER BY Keyword default ascending order (rising )

record sort Descending order (going down ) record sort DESC keyword

SQL ORDER BY Syntax SELECT column_ namesFROM table_ name

ORDER BY column_ names ASC | DESC

ORDER BY ExampleThe Persons table:P_ID LastName FirstName Address City




4 Yan Aung Mr TharkayTa Yangon

table lastname sorting


ORDER BY LastName


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SQL INSERT INTO Statement 15

Result

ORDER BY DESC Example descending


ORDER BY LastName DESC


4 Yan Aung Mr TharkayTa Yangon




SQL INSERT INTO StatementINERT INTO statement table record (insert) row

SQL INSERT INTO Syntax1. statement 2. column

INSERT INTO table_VALUES ( )

3.

column INSERT INTO table_ (column 1, column 2, column 3, )VALUES (, )

SQL INSERT INTO ExampleThe Persons table:P_ID LastName FirstName Address City



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SQL UPDATE Statement 16



Persons table row INSERT INTO Persons

VALUES (4, NayLin, Mr, 23 home , Pyinmanar)





4 NayLin Mr 23 home Pyinmanar

Insert Data Only in Specified Columns statement data Column

INSERT INTO Persons ( P_ID, LastName, FirstName )

VALUES ( 5, Min Aung, U )






5 Min Aung U

SQL UPDATE StatementUPDATE statement table record update ( ) record update

SQL UPDATE Syntax UPDATE table_SET column 1 = value, column 2 = value 2, .WHERE some_column = some_value

WHERE clause column WHERE clause table column record data update


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SQL DELETE Statement 17

SQL UPDATE ExampleP_ID LastName FirstName Address City




4 NayLin Mr 23 home Pyinmanar5 Min Aung U

Persons table U Min Aung update UPDATE Persons

SET Address = Kannar road , City = MagwayWHERE LastName = Min Aung AND FirstName = U result P_ID LastName FirstName Address City





5 Min Aung U Kannar road Magway

SQL UPDATE WarningRecord update WHERE clause

UPDATE Persons

SET Address = Kannar road , City = Magway

Result:


1 MgMg U Kannar road Magway

2 KyawThu Mg Kannar road Magway

3 Yan Naung Mg Kannar road Magway

4 NayLin Mr Kannar road Magway


SQL DELETE StatementDELETE statement table record row

SQL DELETE SyntaxDELETE FROM table_WHERE some_column = some_value


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SQL TOP Clause 18

WHERE clause column table record example

SQL DELETE ExamplePerson table

P_ID LastName FirstName Address City1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon





Person table U Min Aung

DELETE FROM Persons

WHERE LastName = Min Aung AND FirstName = U






DELETE ALL ROWSTable row -

DELETE FROM table_name

Or

DELETE * FROM table_name

SQL TOP ClauseTop clause record Top clause record table record

(impact) database system top clause SQL Server SyntaxSELECT TOP number | percent column_FROM table_name

SQL SELECT TOP Equivalent in MySQL and Oracle


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SQL TOP Clause 19

MySQL SyntaxSELECT column_FROM table_LIMIT number

Example

SELECT *

FROM Persons

LIMIT 5

Oracle SyntaxSELECT column_FROM table_name

WHERE ROWNUM


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SQL LIKE Operator 20




SQL LIKE OperatorLIKE operator WHERE clause column pattern

SQL LIKE SyntaxSELECT column_FROM table_WHERE column_ LIKE pattern

LIKE Operator ExampleThe PersonstableP_ID LastName FirstName Address City




Y city SELECT * FROM Persons

WHERE City LIKE Y%

Result -P_ID LastName FirstName Address City



% wildcards( pattern )

Persons table n

city


WHERE City LIKE %n





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SQL Wildcards 21

Persons table eik city pattern


WHERE City LIKE %eik%



NOT keyword city eik person select

SELECT *

FROM Persons

WHERE City NOT LIKE eik




SQL WildcardsSQL wildcards database data

SQL Wildcards SQL wildcards database data character ()

SQL wildcards SQL LIKE operator Wildcard Description

% character _ character [charlist] Charlist character [^charlist]

Or

[!charlist]

Charlist character

SQL Wildcards ExampleThe Persons tableP_ID LastName FirstName Address City




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SQL IN Operator 22


Using the _Wildcard Persons table lastname yawThu character select SELECT * FROM Persons

WHERE FirstName LIKE _yawThuResult -P_ID LastName FirstName Address City


Using the [charlist]Wildcard Persons table b or y or k lastname select SELECT *

FROM Persons

WHERE LastName

LIKE [ byk]%




Pesons table b or y or k select SELECT *

FROM Persons

WHERE LastName LIKE [ !byk]%

Result -P_ID LastName FirstName Address City1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon

SQL IN OperatorIN operator WHERE clause

SQL IN SyntaxSELECT column_

FROM table_name

WHERE column_IN ( value 1, value2,)

IN Operator ExampleThe Persons tableP_ID LastName FirstName Address City




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SQL BETWEEN Operator 23


Persons table last name MgMg or KyawThu Persons


WHERE LastNmae IN

( MgMg , KyawThu)




SQL BETWEEN OperatorBETWEEN operator data (range) select WHERE clause number text date

SQL BETWEEN SyntaxSELECT column_FROM table_WHERE column_BETWEEN value1 AND value2

BETWEEN Operator ExampleThe Persons table





table alphabetically MgMg Yan Naung select


WHERE LastName

BETWEEN MgMg AND Yan Naung



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SQL Alias 24



databases , -MgMg Yan Naung table list BETWEEN operator (test) field select

field


MgMg list Yan Naung list BETWEEN operator test list P_ID LastName FirstName Address City


Example 2 example NOT BETWEEN

SELECT * FROM PersonsWHERE LastName

NOT BETWEEN MgMg AND Yan Naung



SQL Alias alias table () column () () table () column

SQL Alias Syntax for TablesSELECT column_FROM table_AS alias_

SQL Alias Syntax for ColumnsSELECT column_name AS alias_name

FROM table_name

Alias ExamplePersons table Product_Orders table Persons p Product_Orders pro


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SQL Joins 25

SELECT po.OrderID, p.LastName, p.FirstName

FROM Persons AS p,

Product_Orders AS po

WHERE p.LastName = MgMg AND p.FirstName = U

Aliases

SELECT statement

SELECT Product_Orders.OrderID, Persons.LastName, Persons. FirstName

FROM Persons,

Product_Orders

WHERE Persons.LastName = MgMg AND Persons.FirstName = U

SQL Joins SQL joins table () table

table column Database table key Primary key row unique column ( column

) Primary table unique ( ) table data table data (bind)

Persons table P_Id LastName FirstName Address City




P_Id column Persons table primary key P_Id row P_Id person Orders table:O_Id OrderNo P_Id

1 12345 3

2 67890 3

3 112233 1

4 112234 1

5 112235 15

O_Id column Orders table primary key P_Id column

Persons table person

P_Idcolumn table Different SQL JOINSExample JOIN type list

JOIN LEFT JOIN RIGHT JOIN FULL JOIN


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SQL INNER JOIN Keyword 26

SQL INNER JOIN KeywordINNER JOIN keyword table row

INNER JOIN SyntaxSELECT column_FROM table_ 1INNER JOIN table_ 2ON table_ 1.column_ = table_ 2. column_PS: INNER JOIN JOIN

SQL INNER JOIN ExampleThe Persons table:P_Id LastName FirstName Address City




The Orders table:O_Id OrderNo P_Id

1 123 3

2 456 3

3 789 1

4 012 1

5 345 15

order person list SELECT Persons.LastName, Persons.FirstName, Orders.orderNoFROM Persons

INNER JOIN Orders

ON Persons.P_Id = Orders.P_Id

ORDER BY Persons.LastName

Result LastName FirstName OrderNo

MgMg U 789

MgMg U 012

YanNaung Mg 123

YanNaung Mg 456

INNER JOIN keyword table row Persons Orders row listed


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SQL LEFT JOIN Keyword 27

SQL LEFT JOIN KeywordLEFT JOIN keyword left table ( table_ 1) row table (table_ 2) table SQL LEFT JOIN SyntaxSELECT column_FROM table_name1LEFT JOIN table_name2

ON table_name1.column_name = table_name2.column_name

PS: database LEFT JOIN LEFT OUTER JOIN SQL LEFT JOIN ExampleThe Persons table:P_Id LastName FirstName Address City





1 123 3

2 456 3

3 789 1

4 012 1

5 345 15

table Persons Order list SELECT Persons.LastName, Persons.FirstName, Orders.OrderNo

FROM PersonsLEFT JOIN Orders

ON Persons.P Id= Orders.P_Id


result

LEFT JOIN keyword table (Persons) (Orders)


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SQL RIGHT JOIN Keyword 28

SQL RIGHT JOIN KeywordRIGHT JOIN keyword table ( table_name2) row left table (table_name1)

SQL RIGHT JOIN SyntaxSELECT column_name(s)

FROM table_name1

RIGHT JOIN table_name2

ON table_name1.column_name = table_name2.column_name

database RIGHT JOIN RIGHT OUTER JOIN

SQL RIGHT JOIN EsampleThe Persons table:P_Id LastName FirstName Address City





1 123 3

2 456 3

3 789 1

4 012 1

5 345 15

table

Order

List

SELECT Persons.LastName, Persons.FirstName, Orders.OrderNo

FROM Persons

RIGHT JOIN Orders

ON Persons.P Id = Orders.P_Id


result LastName FirstName OrderNo

MgMg U 789

MgMg U 012

YanNaung Mg 123

YanNaung Mg 456

345


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SQL FULL JOIN Keyword 29

SQL FULL JOIN KeywordFULL JOIN keyword table row

SQL FULL JOIN SyntaxSELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name1

FULL JOIN table_name2

ON table_name1.column_name = table_name2.column_nameThe Persons table:P_Id LastName FirstName Address City



3 Yan Naung Mg WinZin MeiktilaThe Orders table:O_Id OrderNo P_Id

1 123 32 456 3

3 789 1

4 012 1

5 345 15

table Order List

SELECT Persons.LastName, Persons.FirstName, Orders.OrderNo

FROM Persons

FULL JOIN Orders

ON Persons.P_Id= Orders.P_Id


result LastName FirstName OrderNo

MgMg U 789

MgMg U 012

YanNaung Mg 123

YanNaung Mg 456

Kyaw Thu Mg

345

FULL JOIN keyword table row table row Person table

row

Order table match

Orders table row Persons table match row list


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SQL UNION Operator 30

SQL UNION Operator SQL UNION operator () SELECT statement combines ()

UNION SELECT statement columns

columns

data type

SELECT statement

column

order

SQL UNION SyntaxSELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1

UNION

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2

UNION operator default (distinct) select (duplicate) UNION ALL

SQL UNION ALL SyntaxSELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1

UNION ALL

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2

PS: UNION result-set column name UNION SELECT statement column

SQL UNION ExampleEmployees_Yangon:E_ID E_Name

01 U Kyaw Thu

02 U Min Soe

03 Mg Yel Soe

04 Mg Zaw Naing

Employees_Mandalay:E_ID E_Name

01 U Yar Zar

02 U Nay Naing

03 Mg Yel Soe

04 Mg Zar Ni

(employees) list -SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_Yangon

UNION

SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_Mandalay

result E_Name

U Kyaw Thu

U Min Soe

Mg Yel Soe


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SQL SELECT INTO Statement 31

Mg Zaw Naing

U Yar Zar

U Nay Naing

Mg Zar Ni

command list

List UNION command (distinct) select

SQL UNION ALL Example list SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_Yangon

UNION ALL

SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_Mandalay

Result:

E_Name

U Kyaw Thu

U Min Soe

Mg Yel Soe

Mg Zaw Naing

U Yar Zar

U Nay Naing

Mg Yel Soe

Mg Zar Ni

SQL SELECT INTO Statement SQL SELECT INTO statement table (backup copies) SELECT INTO statement table data table

SQL SELECT INTO Syntax column table

SELECT *

INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]FROM old_tablename

() column table

SELECT column_name(s)

INTO new_table_name [in externaldatabase]


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SQL SELECT INTO Statement 32

FROM old_tablename

SQL SELECT INTO Example Backup Copy - Person table data copy

statement

SELECT *

INTO Persons_Backup

FROM Persons

table copy database IN clause

SELECT *

INTO Persons_Backup IN Backup.mdbFROM Persons

field table -SELECT LasrName, FirstName

INTO Persons_Backup

FROM Persons

SQL SELECT INTO- With a WHERE Clause WHERE clause add SQL statement Yangon table Backup

SELECT LastName, FirstNameINTO Persons_Backup

FROM Persons

WHERE City = Yangon

SQL SELECT INTO Joined TablesTable data select SELECT Persons.LastName, Orders.OrderNo

INTO Persons_Order_Backup

FROM Persons

INNER JOIN Orders

ON Persons.P_Id = Order.P_Id Persons table Orders table data Persons_Order _Backup


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SQL CREATE DATABASE Statement 33

SQL CREATE DATABASE StatementCREATE DATABASE statement database

SQL CREATE DATABASE SyntaxCREATE DATABASE database_name

CREATE DATABASE Example database CREATE DATABASE my_db

CREATE TABLE statement database table add

SQL CREATE TABLE StatementCRTEATE TABLE statement Database table

SQL CREATE TABLE SyntaxCREATE TABLE table_name

(

Column_name1 data_type,

Column_name2 data_type,

Column_name3 data_type

)

data_type column data type data type MS Access, MySQL, and SQL Server Datatypes reference

CREATE TABLE Example column Persons table column - P_Id, LastName, FirstName, Address, and City CREATE TABLE Persons

(

P_Id int,

LastName varchar (255),FirstName varchar(255),

Address varchar(255),

City varchar(255)

)


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SQL Constraints 34

P_Id type int LastName, FirstName, Address, and City column varchar type 255

Result data Persons table

P_Id LastName FirstName Address City

INSERT STATEMENT empty table data

SQL Constraints Constraints data type limit Constraints table (CREATE TABLE statement ) table

(ALTER TABLE statement ) constraints Constraint

NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY FOREIGN KEY CHECK DEFAULT

constraint

SQL NOT NULL ConstraintTable table column Default NULL

SQL NOT NULL ConstraintNOT NULL constraint NULL NULL example CREATE TABLE Persons

(

P_ID int NOT NULL,LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,

FirstName varchar(255),

Address varchar (255),

City varchar (255)

)

P_id column LastName column default NULL


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SQL UNIQUE Constraint 35

SQL UNIQUE Constraint UNIQUE constraint

database table

record

[ (uniquely)

(

)

] UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY constraint column column

PRIMARY KEY constraint UNIQUE constraint Table UNIQUE constraints PRIMAEY KEY constraint

SQL UNIQUE Constraint on CREATE TABLEPersons table P_ID column UNIQUE constraint MySQL:CREATE TABLE Persons

(

P_Id int NOT NULL,

LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,

FirstNam e varchar(255),


City varchar(255),

UNIQUE (P_Id)

)

SQL Server / Oracle / MS Acess:CREATE TABLE Persons

(

P_Id int NOT NULL UNIQUE,

LastName varchar (255) NOT NULL,



City v archar(255)

Column UNIQUE constraint SQL syntax

CREATE TABLE Persons(

P_Kd int NOT NULL,




City varchar(255),

CONSTRANT uc_PersonID UNIQUE (P_Id, LastName)


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SQL PRIMARY KEY Constraint 36

)

SQL UNIQUE Constraint on ALTER TABLETable P_Id column UNIQUE constraint

syntax

MySQL / SQL Server/ Oracle/ MS Access:ALTER TABLE Persons

ADD UNIQUE (P_Id)

Column UNIQUE constraint syntax

MySQL/ SQL Server/ Oracle/ MS Acess:ALTER TABLE Persons

ADD CONSTRINT uc_PersonID UNIQUE (P_Id, LastName)

TO DROP a UNIQUE ConstraintUNIQUE constraint drop syntax

MySQL:ALTER TABLE Persons

DROP INDEX uc_PersonID

SQL Server/ Oracle/ MS Access:ALTER TABLE Persons

DROP CONSTRAINT uc_PersonID

SQL PRIMARY KEY Constraint PRIMAEY KEY constraint database table record Primary key column NULL Table primary key primary key SQL PRIMARY KEY Constraint on CREATE TABLE Table P_Id column PRIMARY KEY

MySQL:CREATE TABLE Persons

(

P_Id int NOT NULL



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SQL CHECK Constraint 37



PRIMARY KEY (P_Id)

)

SQL Server / Oracle / MS Access:CREATE TABLE Persons(

P_Id int NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,

LastName varchar (255) ,


City varchar (255)

)

SQL PRIMARY KEY Constraint on ALTER TABLETable P_Id PRIMARY KEY ALTER TABLE Persons

ADD CONSTRAINT pk_PersonsID PRIMARY KEY (P_Id, LastName) ALTER TABLE statement primary key table primary key column NULL

To DROP a PRIMARY KEY ConstraintPRIMARY KEY constraint drop -MySQL:ALTER TABLE Persons

DROP PRIMARY KEY

SQL Server / Oracle / MS Access:ALTER TABLE Persons

DROP CONSTRAINT pk_PersonID

SQL CHECK Constraint CHECK constraint column value range limit Column CHECK constraint column

Table CHECK constraint row column

column

CHECK constraint

limit

SQL CHECK Constraint on CREATE TABLEPersons table P_Id column CHECK constraint create CHECKconstraint P_Id column 0 integer

MySQL:CREATE TABLE Persons


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SQL CHECK Constraint 38

(

P_Id int NOT NULL,




City varchar (255),

CHECR (P_Id>0)

)

SQL Server / Oracle / MS Access:CREATE TABLE Persons

(

P_Id int NOT NULL CHECK (P_Id>0),


FIrestName varhcar (255),


City varchar (255)

)

Multiple()column CHECK constraint syntax

MySQL / SQL Server / Oracle / MS Access:CREATE TABLE Persons

(

P_Id int NOT NULL,


FirstName varchar (255),

Address varchar (255),City varchar (255),

CONSTRAINT chk_Person CHECK (P_Id>0 AND City = Yangon)

SQL CHECK Constraint on ALTER TABLETable CHECK constaint syntax

MySQL / SQL Server / Oracle / MS Access:ALTER TABLE Persons

ADD CHECK (P_Id>0)

column CHECK constraint -MySQL / SQL Server / Oracle / MS Access:ALTER TABLE Persons

ADD CONSTRAINT chk_Person CHECK (P_Id>0 AND City = Yangon)

To DROP a CHECK ConstraintCHECK constraint syntax


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SQL DEFAULT Constraint 39

ALTER TABLE Persons

DROP CONSTRAINT chk_Person

SQL DEFAULT ConstraintDFFAULT constraint column default

SQL DEFAULT Constrint on CREATE TABLEPersons table City column DEFAULT constraint MySQL / SQL Server / Oracle / MS Access:CREATE TABLE Persons

(

P_Id int NOT NULL,


FirstName varchar(255) ,


City varchar (255) DEFAULE MyanmarDefault constraint GETDATE() function system CREATE TABLE Orders

(

O_Id int NOT NULL,

OrderNo int NOT NULL,

P_Id int,

OrderDate date DEFAULT GETDATE())

SQL DEFAULE Constrint on ALTER TABLETable City column DEFAULT constraint -

MySQL:ALTER TABLE Persons

ALTER Country SET DEFAULT Yangon


ALTER COLUMN City SET DEFAULT Yangon

DEFAULT Constraint MySQL:ALTER TABLE Persons

ALTER City DROP DEFAULT


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THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]


ALTER COLUMN City DROP DEFAULT

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