sql reminder

Baze podataka – službeni podsjetnik verzija 6.0 1/5

table

view

synonym

alias

1.9. Table Reference

AS

INNER

Table Reference

LEFT

RIGHT

FULL

OUTER

JOIN Condition ON

1.11. Join Options

1.9 1.13

Table Reference Join Options

CROSS JOIN Table Reference

1.10. ANSI Joined Tables

1.9 1.11

1.9

ORDER BY

,

ASC

DESC

Expression

display_label

1.8. ORDER BY Clause

1.16

HAVING Condition

1.7. HAVING Clause 1.13

GROUP BY

,

Column Name

1.6. GROUP BY Clause

1.14WHERE Condition

1.5. WHERE Clause 1.13

FROM Table Reference

,

1.4. FROM Clause

1.9

ANSI Joined Tables 1.10

Expression

AS display_label

table.

view.

synonym.

*

( subquery )

alias.

1.3 SELECT List

1.16

,

SELECT List

DISTINCT

ALL

FIRST max

1.2. Projection Clause

1.3

Projection Clause FROM Clause

WHERE Clause GROUP BY Clause HAVING Clause

1.1. SELECT Options 1.2 1.4

1.5 1.6 1.7

SELECT Select Options

SELECT Select Options UNION

ALL

ORDER BY Clause

1. SELECT Statement 1.1

1.1 1.8


VALUES ( )

,

constant

NULL

2.1. VALUES Clause

INSERT INTO table

synonym

view ( column )

, VALUES Clause

SELECT Statement (subset)

2. INSERT Statement

1

2.1

CASE WHEN Condition THEN END

ELSE

CASE WHEN THEN

ELSE

END

1.19. Conditional Expression

1.13

Expression Expression Expression

Expression

Expression

Expression 1.16

1.16

1.16 1.16 1.16

1.16

binary operator

-

+

Column Name

Conditional Expresion

constant

aggregate expression

function expression

NULL

Expression ( )

1.16. Expression

1.16

1.14

1.19

Expression

NOT IN ( constant )

, 1.17. IN Condition

1.16

Expression

EXISTS

NOT ( subquery )

Relational Operator

IN

( subquery )

Expression

ALL

ANY

SOME

( subquery )

1.18. Condition with Subquery 1.16

1.16 1.12

table.

alias.

view.

synonym.

column

1.14. Column Name

Expression Relational Operator Expression

Expression BETWEEN NOT

Expression AND Expression

IN Condition

Column Name IS NULL NOT

quoted string

Column Name NOT

LIKE quoted string

Column Name

ESCAPE 'char'

1.15. Comparison Condition 1.16 1.16

1.16 1.16 1.16

1.12

1.17

1.14

1.14 1.14

Comparison Condition

NOT Condition with Subquery

AND

OR

Condition ( )

1.13. Condition

1.15

1.18

1.13

<

< =

>

=

< >

1.12. Relational Operator

>=


UNIQUE

PRIMARY KEY

References Clause

Check Clause

,

column

FOREIGN KEY

,

column

) (

( )

constraint CONSTRAINT

5.5. Multiple-Column Constraint

5.6

5.7

NOT NULL

NOT NULL constraint CONSTRAINT

Check Clause

5.4. Single-Column Constraint

UNIQUE

PRIMARY KEY

References Clause

CONSTRAINT constraint

5.6

5.7

constant DEFAULT

5.3. Default Clause column

Single-Column Constraint

Data Type

Default Clause Type

5.2. Column Definition

5.3 5.4

,

Column Definition ( )

,

Multiple-Column Constraint

Column Definition

,

5.1. Table Definition

5.2

5.5

5.2

CREATE TABLE Table Definition table

5. CREATE TABLE Statement 5.1

DELETE FROM table

synonym

view

WHERE Clause

4. DELETE Statement

1.5

SET =

,

column Expression

( singleton_select )

column (

,

= ) ( ) Expression

( singleton_select )

,

3.1. SET Clause

1.16

1.16

UPDATE table

synonym

view

WHERE Clause

SET Clause

3. UPDATE Statement 3.1

1.5


ABS (num_expression) num_expression – izraz numeričkog tipa MOD (dividend, divisor) dividend (djeljenik) – izraz numeričkog tipa divisor (djelitelj) – izraz numeričkog tipa ROUND (expression[, rounding_factor]) expression – izraz numeričkog tipa rounding_factor – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa SUBSTRING (source_string FROM start_position [FOR length]) source_string – izraz tipa niza znakova start_position – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa length(duljina) – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa UPPER (expression) LOWER (expression) expression – izraz tipa niza znakova TRIM(expression) expression – izraz tipa niza znakova CHAR_LENGTH(expression) OCTET_LENGTH(expression) expression – izraz tipa niza znakova USER TODAY MDY(month, day, year) month – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa day – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa year – izraz cjelobrojnog tipa DAY(date_expression) MONTH(date_expression) YEAR(date_expression) WEEKDAY(date_expression) date _expression – izraz tipa DATE

CREATE UNIQUE

index ON table

synonym

,

column ) ( ASC

DESC

7. CREATE INDEX Statement

INDEX

CREATE VIEW view

SELECT Statement (subset)

,

column ) (

AS

WITH CHECK OPTION

6. CREATE VIEW Statement

1

CHECK ( ) Condition

5.7. Check Clause 1.13

REFERENCES table ,

column ( ) ON DELETE CASCADE

5.6. References Clause

Za B+-stablo reda n vrijedi korijen: min. broj kazaljki na podređene čvorove: 2 maks. broj kazaljki na podređene čvorove: n ostali interni čvorovi: min. broj kazaljki na podređene čvorove: n/2 maks. broj kazaljki na podređene čvorove: n listovi: min. broj kazaljki na zapise u blokovima s podacima: (n-1)/2 maks. broj kazaljki na zapise u blokovima s podacima: n-1

GRANT dbPrivilege TO { PUBLIC | userList } REVOKE dbPrivilege FROM { PUBLIC | userList } GRANT tablePrivilegeList ON { tableName | viewName } TO { PUBLIC | userList | roleList } [ WITH GRANT OPTION ] REVOKE tablePrivilegeList ON { tableName | viewName } FROM { PUBLIC | userList | roleList } [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] CREATE ROLE roleName DROP ROLE roleName GRANT roleName TO { PUBLIC | userList } REVOKE roleName FROM { PUBLIC | userList } SET ROLE { roleName | NONE } CREATE PRIVATE SYNONYM userName.synonym FOR { tableName | viewName } DROP SYNONYM synonym

ALTER TABLE table

synonym

8. ALTER TABLE Statement

Multiple-Column Constraint 5.5

ADD CONSTRAINT

Baze podataka – službeni podsjetnik verzija 6.0 5/5 Podsjetnik na SPL sintaksu Podsjetnik na sintaksu naredbe za kreiranje okidača

CREATE { PROCEDURE | FUNCTION } naziv (arg tip, arg LIKE rel.atr, ...) RETURNING tip AS ime, tip AS ime, ...

DEFINE var tip; DEFINE var LIKE rel.atr;

LET var = var + var; LET var = (SELECT atr FROM rel WHERE ...); LET var = fun(...);

CALL fun(...) RETURNING var, var, ...;

EXECUTE PROCEDURE proc(...);

SELECT atr, atr, ... INTO var, var, ... FROM rel WHERE ...;

RAISE EXCEPTION -746, 0, 'Tekst s opisom pogreške ';

IF uvjet THEN naredbe; ELIF uvjet THEN naredbe; ... ELSE naredbe; END IF;

WHILE uvjet naredbe; ... EXIT WHILE; CONTINUE WHILE; END WHILE;

FOR i = m TO n STEP k naredbe; ... EXIT FOR; CONTINUE FOR; END FOR;

RETURN var, var, ...;

END { PROCEDURE | FUNCTION };

EXECUTE PROCEDURE naziv (arg, arg, ...);

EXECUTE FUNCTION naziv (arg, arg, ...);

DROP { PROCEDURE | FUNCTION } naziv;

CREATE TRIGGER naziv

{ INSERT ON rel |

UPDATE OF atr, atr, ... ON rel |

UPDATE ON rel |

DELETE ON rel }

REFERENCING NEW AS noviRedak OLD AS stariRedak

FOR EACH ROW

WHEN (uvjet)

(INSERT ..., UPDATE ..., DELETE ..., EXECUTE PR OCEDURE ...);

DROP TRIGGER naziv;

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