Chapter 13: The Spread of Chinese Civilization Japan, Korea, and Vietnam
Spread of Chinese Civilization: Japan,Korea, & Vietnam.
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Transcript of Spread of Chinese Civilization: Japan,Korea, & Vietnam.
Spread of Chinese Civilization:
Japan,Korea, & Vietnam.
• I. Sinification
A. All 3 areas
B. Syncretism
C. Buddhism- key transmitter
• II. Japan
A. Imperial Age
1. 7th -9th Centuries
a. Taika 645-710
b. Nara 710 c. Heian 794-1185
2. Crisis at Nara & Shift to Heian
a. In 600s C.E. Imperial family Yamato rule from Nara
b. Late 700s Yamato rulers wanted to escape political influence of Nara’s Buddhist priest – Move to Heian
c. Heain Period 794-1185 CE
b. Restoration of aristocratic order
d. Taika reforms failed
e. Restoration of aristocratic order
f. Fujiwara- Noble family that gained dominance @ this period
emperor was a figure head & chancellors real power & rule
• 3. Court Life: Heian Era
a. Complex palaces & gardens
b. Aesthetic pursuits
c. Valued art & poetry
d. The Tale of Genji
(Lady Murasaki)
• B. Decline of Imperial Power
1. Fujiwara
2. Buddhist monasteries
3. Peasants under control of both
4. Failed to recognize power of local lords
• C. Rise of provincial Warrior Elite
1. Aristocratic-regional estates
a. Bushi
b. Samurai
c. Social impact
1. Blocked free peasantry
2. Pure Land Buddhism
• 2. Era of Warrior Dominance
a. 11-12th Centuries
b. Gempei Wars 1180s
a. Taira & Minamoto
b. 1185 Minamoto est. bakufu
1. Emperor & Court preserved
2. Power= family & samurai
d. Outcome of Gempi Wars
1. Two Shogunates govern Japan until 1500s
- Kamakura 1185-1333
- Ashikaga 1336-1573
2. Ashikaga- politically weak & decentralized
D. Comparing Feudalism
• 1. Similarities
Mutual ties &
obligation
Elite militaristic
values
• 2. Difference
Europe- contractual ties
Japan- group & individual bonds
• III. End Bakufu Dominance & Warlords
A. 1467-1477 civil war
1. Ashikaga factions
2. Divided Japan into 300 small states ruled by daimyo
• B. Artistic Solace / Troubled Times
1. Zen Buddhism
2. Painting, architecture, gardens, & tea ceremonies
IV. Tokugawa Shogunate & Consolidation of Japan 1603-1868 A. Reunification took over 50yrs (1560-1615)
B. Tokugawa Ieyasu- established shgunate 1. centralized power 2. stratification / rigid class system
3. renewed emphasis on Confucianism 4. isolationist policies 1649-1720s port of Nagasaki open
C. Economy, Society, & Culture 1. Rapid population growth
2. Double rice & grain production 3. Edo – becomes one of the worlds largest
cities 3. Merchant class grew wealth & power -anomaly to stratification
V. Meiji Japan 1868-1890 A. Opening of Japan 1. 1853 Matthew Perry
2. Western powers 3. Sat-Cho Alliance – anti-western rebellion
B. Meiji Restoration 1. first emperor in thousand yrs to have
imperial power 2. Japan becomes westernized
3. State Shintoism 4. Sino-Japanese War 1894-1895 occupation of Taiwan & Korea
5. Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905 1st time non-Western nation defeats
European
Imperial Japan 1890-1945