Sprains & strains
-
Upload
other-mother -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
156 -
download
1
Transcript of Sprains & strains
Sprains & Strains
PPT-053-01 1Brought to you by
Topics
PPT-053-01 2
• Sprains and strains – what are they?
• Causes
• Difference between sprains and strains
• Common types
• How and where they occur
• Signs, symptoms, treatment
• Ways to prevent
Brought to you by
What are Sprains & Strains?
PPT-053-01 3
• Sprains and strains are two types of MSDs, or musculoskeletal disorders
• MSD’s are injuries or disorders of the: o muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, cartilage, and o supporting structures of the upper and lower limbs, neck and lower back that are caused, precipitated, or exacerbated by sudden exertion or prolonged exposure to physical factors (e.g. force, repetition, vibration or awkward posture)
- CDC/NIOSH
Brought to you by
Causes of Sprains & Strains?
PPT-053-01 4
• They are caused by excessive reaching, bending, lifting, gripping, squatting, or twisting of hands, shoulders or body
• Caused by any work performed with high force, with many repetitions, or in an awkward position
Brought to you by
Causes of Sprains & Strains?
PPT-053-01 5
• A sprain is a stretch or tear of a ligament (band of fibrous tissue that connects two or more bones at a joint); stretched too far from normal position
• One or more ligaments may be injured at the same time
• Most common: - sprained ankle Brought to you by
What’s the Difference?
PPT-053-01 6
• A strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon (thick, tough fibrous cord of tissue that connects a muscle to a bone)
• Can be as simple as overstretching a muscle or tendon, or it can be a partial or complete tear
• Most common: strained back
Brought to you by
Types of Sprains & Strains
PPT-053-01 7
• Back injuries, including pulled back muscles and ruptured discs
• Squashed nerves causing severe pain, such as carpal tunnel in wrist or sciatic leg pain from back
• Ligament sprains in the upper body
• Shoulder muscle sprains and dislocations
• Abdominal hernias
• Tendon injuries to the hands, forearms and elbows (tennis elbow)
• Ankle sprains and strainsBrought to you by
How Do They Occur?
PPT-053-01 8
• Carrying, holding, or restraining items, people or animals• Lifting, pushing, holding or pulling loads• Working in a fixed position with the back bent, sitting or standing continuously, or driving vehicles for long periods• Repetitive tasks such as reaching to lift or lower objects, or to grip tools continuously• Working in awkward positions involving bending or twisting your body to reach items• Vibrations through the body like driving a truck or using a powered hand tool
Brought to you by
Where Do They Occur?
PPT-053-01 9
• Construction
• Agriculture
Brought to you by
Where Do They Occur?
PPT-053-01 10
• Trucking/transportation
• Food services
Brought to you by
Where Do They Occur?
11
• Delivery services
• Custodial services
PPT-053-01 Brought to you by
What are the Signs & Signals?
PPT-053-01 12
• For a sprain: Pain, swelling, bruising, not being able to move the joint
• For a strain: Pain, muscle spasms, muscle weakness, swelling, cramping, trouble moving the muscle
Brought to you by
Treatments for Sprains & Strains
PPT-053-01 13
• FIRST STAGE – to reduce swelling and pain• RICE therapy (Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate) for the first 24 to 48 hours
1. Rest the injured area (reduce regular exercise or activities as needed)
2. Ice the injured area, 20 minutes at a time, four to eight times a day (cold pack, ice bag, or plastic bag filled with crushed ice and wrapped in a towel can be used)
Treatments for Sprains & Strains
PPT-053-01 14
3. Compress the injured area, using bandages, casts, boots, elastic wraps or splints to help reduce swelling
4. Elevate the injured area, above the level of the heart, to help decrease swelling while you are lying or sitting down
Brought to you by
Treatments for Sprains & Strains
PPT-053-01 15
• Health care provider may recommend an anti-inflammatory drug such as aspirin (Bayer), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or acetaminophen (Tylenol) to help decrease pain and inflammation
• If moderate sprain, may require use of mobility aids, such as a cane, crutches, a walker or wheelchair
• If severe sprain, may need surgery to repair torn ligaments, muscle or tendon
Brought to you by
Treatments for Sprains & Strains
PPT-053-01 16
• SECOND STAGE – Rehabilitation
1. Physical therapy/exercise program: designed to help reduce swelling, prevent stiffness and restore normal, pain-free range of motion (during first week after injury)
Brought to you by
Treatments for Sprains & Strains
PPT-053-001 17
2. Increase strength and flexibility (about second week after injury); usually more demanding exercises to improve function
Brought to you by
Treatments for Sprains & Strains
PPT-053-01 18
Advanced stretching?
Brought to you by
Treatments for Sprains & Strains
PPT-053-01 19
3. Return to full daily activities, including sports if appropriate; must work closely with physical therapist to avoid re-injury
Brought to you by
How Much Time to Heal?
PPT-053-01 20
• Time needed for full recovery:
- Mild sprain/strain: three to six weeks
- Moderate sprain/strain: two to three
months
- Severe sprain/strain: eight to 12 months
Brought to you by
How Can We Prevent This?
PPT-053-01 21
• Although we cannot prevent all sprains and strains from occurring, there are some tips on how to avoid them:
- Stretch before you workout with heavy items
- Use proper footwear for the activity you are doing
Brought to you by
How Can We Prevent This?
PPT-053-01 22
• Warm up adequately before activities
• Do not run on icy/uneven surfaces
Brought to you by
Summary
PPT-053-01 23
• Sprains and strains are classified as musculo- skeletal disorders
• Many causes including carrying, pushing, lifting, pulling, doing repetitive tasks, or working in awkward positions
• Treat by using RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)
• Prevent by stretching, wearing proper footwear, using caution while walking
Brought to you by
References
PPT-053-01 24
• National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases/National Institutes of Health www.niams.nih.gov
• Mayo Clinic www.mayoclinic.com
• American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons www.aaos.org
Brought to you by
Questions
PPT-053-01 25Brought to you by
This platform has been started by Parveen Kumar Chadha with the vision that nobody should suffer the way he has suffered because of lack and improper healthcare facilities in India. We need lots of funds manpower etc. to make this vision a reality please contact us. Join us as a member for a noble cause. Brought to you by
Our views have increased the mark of the 79,000
Thank you viewers Looking forward for franchise,
collaboration, partners. Brought to you by
-011 25464531 ,-011 41425180 ,-01166217387+-91 9818308353,+-91
. - .www other mother in
: . . - - - ?https //www facebook com/pages/Other Mother Nursing Crusade/224235031114989 ref=hl:http // . . ?www linkedin com/profile/view id=326103341&trk=
_ _ _nav responsive tab profile
:https //.twitter com/othermotherindi
:https // . .cparveen wix com-/other mother
A WORLDWIDE MISSITION
Contact Us:-
JOIN US
www.parveenchadha.com