Sports Medicine Unit #1 Sports Medicine, The Sports Medicine Team and Their Roles.
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Transcript of Sports Medicine Unit #1 Sports Medicine, The Sports Medicine Team and Their Roles.
Sports MedicineSports Medicine
Unit #1Sports Medicine,
The Sports Medicine Team and Their Roles
A Brief History of A Brief History of Sports MedicineSports Medicine
Sports medicine & Athletic Training dates back to ancient Rome
The first “athletic trainers” were actually physicians who worked with the gladiators– The most famous of these ancient “trainers”
was Herodicus of Megara, who is perhaps more famous for being the teacher of Hippocrates who is considered to be the father of modern medicine
A Brief History of A Brief History of Sports MedicineSports Medicine
– When the Roman Empire fell, interest in athletics declined and athletic training did not again emerge in history until the early 20th Century with the development of collegiate and professional athletic teams in the United States
– Many of the early athletic trainers were also the team managers, who happened to have an interest in medicine. Many of these people were “self taught” and are responsible for many of the athletic training techniques still used today.
A Brief History of A Brief History of Sports MedicineSports Medicine
– Today athletic trainers are not the “jack of all trades” individuals that founded the profession, but rather highly trained professionals with a wide variety of specialized skills
– Today, the Certified Athletic Trainer plays a vital role in the daily health care of high school, collegiate, world class amateur, and professional athletes
What is Sports Medicine?What is Sports Medicine?
What is Sports Medicine?What is Sports Medicine?
What is Sports Medicine?What is Sports Medicine?
What is Sports Medicine?What is Sports Medicine?
The term “sports medicine” means different things to different groups
Sports medicine encompasses many specialized areas related to sports
Athletic Training is just one of those
Can you think of some others?
Sports Medicine OrganizationsSports Medicine Organizations
A number of professional organizations are dedicated to sports medicine and athletic training
Sports Medicine OrganizationsSports Medicine Organizations
Professional organizations have many goals:1. To upgrade the field by devising and maintaining
professional standards, including a Code of Ethics
**Critical Thought….What is a Code of Ethics?
2. To bring together professionally competent individuals to exchange ideas, stimulate research, and promote critical thought
3. To give individuals an opportunity to work as a group towards a single professional goal or purpose that they would not likely achieve as an individual
Sports Medicine OrganizationsSports Medicine Organizations
Many of the national organizations interested in athletic health care and athlete safety have state and local associations that are extensions of the larger body
National, state, and local sports organizations have all provided support for the reduction of illness/injury risk to athletes
The Players on the The Players on the Sports Medicine TeamSports Medicine Team
The primary athletic training team consists of the coach, the athletic trainer, and the team physician
The major concern of everyone on this team should be the health and welfare of the athlete
The physician always has the final decision regarding the health care of athletes. The athletic trainer works in cooperation with the physician in making these decisions and caring for injuries/illnesses. The coach should always defer and support the medical staff in matters of athletic health care.
The Players on the The Players on the Sports Medicine TeamSports Medicine Team
The coach should have role in the decisions that are made, however it needs to be made at the appropriate level.
There may be particular drills or activities that an athlete should be doing in the course of recovering from an injury that coaches should assist with.
Likewise, communication is vital between the coach and medical staff to insure everyone is always on the same page
The Players on the The Players on the Sports Medicine TeamSports Medicine Team
Another important part of the sports medicine team at the secondary school level is the athlete’s family– ATCs must always be sure to keep parents
informed of injuries suffered by their children
– ATCs must also accept the fact that parents may insist on having their children examined by physicians other than the school’s team physicians
Responsibilities of the CoachResponsibilities of the Coach
The coach is directly responsible for preventing injuries by ensuring that athletes have undergone a preventative injury conditioning program
Coaches must also ensure that all sports equipment is in good condition, proper working order, and safe to use
They must ensure that the facilities are safe and free of anything that could cause an injury.
Responsibilities of the CoachResponsibilities of the CoachAll coaches should be certified in CPR and
First Aid.They should have a thorough knowledge or
proper training and skill techniques for the sport they are coaching
Finally, coaches and the athletic trainer need to communicate and develop an understanding and awareness of each other’s responsibilities and difficulties in doing their jobs in order to function effectively
Roles and Responsibilities Roles and Responsibilities of the ATCof the ATC
Of all the professionals charged with injury prevention and health care of athletes, perhaps none is more intimately involved in with the athlete than the athletic trainer.
The athletic trainer most often deals with the athlete from the moment of injury, through initial (acute care) and follow-up care, rehab, and finally return to play
Roles and Responsibilities Roles and Responsibilities of the ATCof the ATC
The ATC is most directly responsible for all phases of health care in the athletic environment. Their responsibilities include:– Preventing injuries– Providing initial first aid and injury
management– Evaluating injuries– Designing and implementing timely rehab
programs that can return an athlete to participation
Roles and Responsibilities Roles and Responsibilities of the ATCof the ATC
ATCs are employed in the following settings:– Public and private schools– Colleges and universities– Professional athletic teams– Sports Medicine/Physical Therapy clinics– Corporations and industry– Theater and dance companies
Roles and Responsibilities Roles and Responsibilities of the ATCof the ATC
Qualifications for an ATC– The ATC must be knowledgeable and
competent in a variety of sports medicine specialties if he or she is to be effective in doing their job
– The NATA has established specific requirements that must be met for an individual to become an ATC, including specific academic and clinical course work
– All ATCs take and pass the NATA BOC national certification examination
Roles and Responsibilities Roles and Responsibilities of the ATCof the ATC
The major roles and responsibilities of the athletic trainer include…– Athletic injury prevention/risk management
– Recognition, evaluation, and assessment of injuries
– Immediate care of injuries and illnesses
– Rehabilitation of injuries
– Health care organization and administration
– Professional development and responsibility
Injury Prevention and Injury Prevention and Risk ManagementRisk Management
This responsibility includes…– Ensuring appropriate training and
conditioning techniques– Monitoring the playing environment– Ensuring properly fitted equipment and
maintained protective equipment– Explaining the importance of proper
nutrition– Using medications appropriately
Recognition, Evaluation, and Recognition, Evaluation, and Assessment of InjuriesAssessment of Injuries
This responsibility includes…– Coordinating and conducting pre-participation
physicals and screenings
– Informing athletes, parents, coaches of the inherent risks of participation in certain sports
– Being able to recognize the signs, symptoms, and causations of injuries and illnesses and determine appropriate courses of action
Immediate Care of Immediate Care of Injuries/IllnessesInjuries/Illnesses
This responsibility includes…– Having the knowledge to provide
appropriate initial and follow-up care for injuries/illnesses both on the sidelines and in the training room
– Having appropriate certifications in CPR, First Aid, and depending on location – training in advanced emergency medicine
Treatment and RehabilitationTreatment and Rehabilitation
This responsibility includes…– Working closely with the physician to design
and carry out appropriate treatment and rehab protocols for injuries
– Having a knowledge of therapeutic modalities, rehab equipment, and rehab techniques
– Working closely with other allied health professionals like physical therapists or strength and conditioning coaches to carry out rehab plans.
Health Care Organization Health Care Organization and Administrationand Administration
This responsibility includes…– The organization and administration of the
athletic training program including… Maintenance of athletic health records Requisition and inventory of supplies Submission of insurance information Supervision of assistant ATCs, student
athletic trainers Establishment of appropriate policies and
procedures
Professional Development Professional Development and Responsibilityand Responsibility
This responsibility includes…– Education of the general public, including
other medical providers, about the role of the ATC as an allied health care provider
– Acting at all times with the highest standards of conduct and integrity, following the NATA’s Code of Ethics Failure to do so may result in loss of
certification
Responsibilities of the Responsibilities of the Team PhysicianTeam Physician
The ATC works primarily under the supervision of the team physician
The team physician is ultimately responsible for directing the total health care of the athlete
In cooperation with the team physician, the ATC makes decisions that have a direct effect on the athlete who has sustained an injury
Responsibilities of the Responsibilities of the Team PhysicianTeam Physician
The primary responsibilities of the team physician include…– Compiling medical histories and assisting with
pre-participation physicals– Diagnosing athletic injuries referred from the
ATC– Deciding on disqualifications– Attending practices and games– Commitment to the athletic program they serve
Other Members of the Other Members of the Sports Medicine TeamSports Medicine Team
A number of support health services may be used by a sports medicine program.
These allied health professionals may include the following…
The School NurseThe School Nurse
Often in public or private schools the school nurse assists the ATC with the health care of student-athletes during the school day
Physician SpecialistsPhysician Specialists
Orthopedist Neurologist Internist Ophthalmologist Pediatrician Psychiatrist Dentist Podiatrist Chiropractor
Physician AssistantsPhysician Assistants
Assist physicians with various aspects of patient care
Many ATCs have become PA’s in recent years
Strength & Conditioning CoachStrength & Conditioning Coach
Many colleges and high schools now employ full-time certified strength coaches
Athletic trainers often work closely with these individuals to design appropriate training programs for athletes
Sports PsychologistSports Psychologist
Advises the ATC on matters related to the psychological aspects of the injury and rehab process
Also may be helpful in dealing with other psychological issues such as eating disorders and weight control
Exercise PhysiologistsExercise Physiologists
Often assist the ATC with such things as body composition analysis, training techniques, and nutritional issues
NutritionistsNutritionists
Some larger athletic training programs now have nutritionists that work with them in planning eating programs for athletic teams and individual athletes
Equipment PersonnelEquipment Personnel
Many schools and colleges now employ full or part-time individuals who specialize in the proper fitting and maintenance of athletic equipment
They work closely with the coaching staff and sports medicine staff to insure player safety
Referees and OfficialsReferees and Officials
Must be highly knowledgeable regarding the rules and regulations of the sports they officiate
Responsible for checking the playing facility and players to ensure no one will be predisposed to injury
Summing up…Summing up…
Sports medicine team consists of whom?– Coach, ATC, Team Physician
Primary responsibility of the coach?– Insuring safe environment and equipment
Primary responsibility of Athletic Trainer?– Prevention, care, and rehab of injuries
Primary responsibility of Team Physician?– PPE’s, diagnosis & treatment, working closing with
supervising the athletic trainer
References & ResourcesReferences & Resources American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and
Injured – 8th Edition, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2002. Anderson, Marcia, & Susan J. Hall, Fundamentals of Sports Injury Management. 1997. Arnheim, Daniel D., & William E. Prentice, Essentials of Athletic Training – 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill,
2002. Arnheim, Daniel D., & William E. Prentice, Modern Principles of Athletic Training, McGraw-Hill, 2000. Cartwright, Lorin A., & William A. Pitney, Athletic Training for Student Assistants, Human Kinetics,
1999. Kapit, Wynn, & Lawrence M. Elson, The Anatomy Coloring Book, Harper-Collins Publishers, 1977. Mistovich, Joseph J., Brent Q. Hafen, Keith J. Karren, & Howard A. Werman, Pre-hospital Emergency
Care, 1999. Pfeiffer, Ronald P., & Brent C. Mangus, Concepts of Athletic Training – 2nd Edition, Times
Mirror/Mosby College Publishing, 1989. Roy, Steven, Richard Irvin, & Duane Iverson, Sports Medicine: Prevention, Evaluation, Management,
and Rehabilitation of Athletic Injuries – 2nd Edition, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1998.
American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (www.aaos.org) American College of Sports Medicine (www.acsm.org) National Athletic Trainers’ Association (www.nata.org)