Sport Medicine 101

An Overview of Sport Physiology, Exercise and Doping

Dr. Ali R. Jalali MD - Sport Medicine Specialist

ajalali.com @arjalali #SportMed15

Bones

Sport Medicine 101

Muscles

Sport Medicine 101

• Muscle: Cramp: Stress, Reflex, Electrolytes & H2O, Vessels

• Tendon: Strain = Pull

• Ligament: Sprain

• Bone: Fracture, Stress Fracture

• Cartilage: Osteoarthritis

Know your Source of Energy (= Why Bodybuilders buy so much Creatine!?)

Exercises ALL athletes should do!

Women Have Unique Needs! Female athlete triad: •  Anorexia •  Amenorrhoea •  Osteopenia

Children Are NOT Small Adults! •  Limited anaerobic metabolism •  Lower tolerance to cold environment •  Higher energy requirements •  Delicate bones and soft tissue (Muscle, Tendon,

Ligament, etc) •  Less muscle mass than adults

Introduction à la Médecine Sportive

Ergogenic aid •  Ergogenic aid: A performance enhancing

substance or method. •  Doping: the use of prohibited substances and/or

prohibited methods.

•  Not all Ergogenics are Prohibited. •  Not all Ergogenics are Safe.

Introduction to Sport Medicine

Ergogenic aid

•  Nutrition: Carb-Loading. •  Training: Micro. & Macro. -cycling •  Rest: GH •  Supplement: Multi-V

Introduction to Sport Medicine

Doping •  Population at risk

–  Young men and women aged 15 to 30 who take part in a sport or work in a field where a muscular appearance and strength work in their favor.

Introduction to Sport Medicine

•  Why? –  The frequency, duration, and intensity of training and

competitions –  Insufficient rest periods after training sessions, competitions,

and travel –  The desire to win at any cost –  Peer influences (parents, friends, coaches, etc.) –  Finances

W.A.D.A: World Anti-Doping Agency The Prohibited List •  Substances and methods prohibited at all times

–  S1. Anabolic agents –  S2. Hormones and related substances –  S3. Beta-2 agonists –  S4. Agents with anti-estrogenic activity –  S5. Diuretics and other masking agents –  M1. Enhancement of oxygen transfer –  M2. Chemical and physical manipulation –  M3. Gene doping

•  SUBSTANCES AND METHODS PROHIBITED IN-COMPETITION + –  S6. Stimulants –  S7. Narcotics –  S8. Cannabinoids

•  SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED IN PARTICULAR SPORTS + –  P1. Alcohol –  P2. Beta-blockers